M4 Test

When Earth receives energy from the Sun, ____. A. some energy is reflected back into space B. some is absorbed by the atmosphere C. some is absorbed by land and water on Earth's surface D. all of the above

D. All of the above

How does the climate in area B compare to the climate in area A? A. colder B. wetter C. windier D. drier

D. Drier

Which part of Earth is receiving the most solar radiation?

Northern hemisphere

A city near an ocean has a more constant _________ throughout the year than an island city of the same latitude.

Temperature

Monsoons are seasonal winds that affect some parts of the world. The figures below show wind circulation patterns during monsoons. What causes these patterns?

Temperature differences between the ocean and the land cause the circulation patterns during monsoons.

Your town is experiencing a drought in which the weather has been hot and dry for weeks. Infer which type of pressure system is stalled over the area. Explain your answer.

the area has a high pressure system because in areas of high pressure cold dense air sinks not allowing clouds to form.

What three things can happen to the radiation that Earth receives from the Sun?

the radiation earth recieves from the sun can either be reflected of earths surface, be absorbed by earths surfaces, or atmosphere.

A snow-covered mountain has a _________ albedo than a dark-colored corn field. Therefore, it will reflect ___________ solar energy than the field.

1. Higher 2.more

Compare and contrast warm and cold fronts.

A cold front forms when a cold air mass pushes under a warm air mass. The cold air pushes the warm air up rapidly, and clouds form along the front, producing rain and thunderstorms. A warm front occurs when a warm air mass meets a cold air mass, and the warm air slides up over the cold air. Clouds may form and produce rain or snow.

Which of the following occurs as altitude increases? A. Air pressure decreases. B. Air pressure increases. C. Air pressure remains the same. D. Air pressure behaves unpredictably because the two are unrelated.

A. Air pressure decreases

What is the cause of the Coriolis Effect? A. Earth's rotation B. the tilt of Earth's axis C. the distance of Earth from the Sun D. Earth's position in its orbit

A. Earths rotation.

17) Julie and Devon are modeling how the Sun heats Earth. Julie hangs a sheet of graph paper on a wall. Devon holds a flashlight and shines it in a straight line toward the graph paper while Julie dims the lights in the classroom. The diagram shows their model of the Sun heating Earth at the equator. How can the students change their model to represent how the Sun heats Earth in places where the climate is cold all year? A. They can tilt the angle of the graph paper. B. They can use graph paper with larger squares. C. They can use a flashlight with a narrower beam of light. D. They can move the flashlight farther away from the graph paper.

A. They can tilt the angle of the graph paper

The map describes and shows the movement of air masses over North America. Which does not describe these air masses? A. They move from cooler areas to warmer areas. B. They are consistent in temperature humidity, and pressure. C. They take on the characteristics of the Earth's surface below them as they form. D. They can affect the weather of an area when they meet.

A. They move from cooler areas to warmer areas.

Which of the following occurs when wind blows across the ocean's surface, pushing water away from an area? A. upwelling B. surface current C. density current D. salinity current

A. Upwelling

Which sentence about an ocean current is correct? A. Upwelling is caused by winds that blow on the ocean's surface. B. Upwelling moves water horizontally. C. Surface currents are caused by differences in water density. D. Surface currents move vertically through the water.

A. Upwelling is caused by winds that blow on the ocean's surface.

12) A student is asked to describe the climate in their region. Which statement correctly describes climate? A. "It's cold and raining outside." B. "It rains about 20 inches a year here." C. "The wind blew my trash can across the street." D. "It snowed 18 inches this winter."

B. It rains about 20 inches a year here

Which of these is NOT an influence on climate? A. large bodies of water B. large cities C. ocean currents D. weather

B. Large cities

Which type of system is shown in the figure? A. Cold front B. Low pressure C. Stationary front D. High pressure

B. Low pressure

Which is NOT something used to determine a region's climate? A. amount of precipitation B. number of people C. average temperature D. kinds of plants

B. Number of people

A climate classification system divides regions according to ____. A. temperature B. the amount of precipitation C. vegetation D. all of the above

D. All of the above

student goes the beach. She thinks that at night the sand will get cooler faster than the water. Which describes the student's thinking? A. She is correct because the sandy beach will absorb thermal energy more slowly than the ocean. B. She is correct because the specific heat of water is higher than of the sandy beach. C. She is incorrect because the specific heat of land and water are not different. D. She is incorrect because the ocean releases heat to the air more quickly than land

B. She is correct because the specific heat of water is higher than of the sandy beach

High pressure systems usually bring good weather because _______. A. the air masses rise, preventing precipitation from falling B. the air masses sink, making it difficult for clouds to form C. the air masses rise, causing wind that blows away the clouds D. the air masses sink, forcing air to move from low pressure to high pressure

B. The air masses sink making it difficult for clouds to form

An increase in ocean salinity can change _______ and create a current. A. the temperature near the poles B.the density of water C.the Coriolis Effect D.the wind speed across the surface

B. The density of water

Sea and land breezes are caused because ____. A. the land heats and cools more slowly than the water B. the land heats and cools more quickly than the water C. air moves more easily over water than over land D. air moves more easily over land than over land

B. The land heats and cools more quickly than the water.

How are climate and weather related? A. Climate is the weather closer to the equator. B. Climate cannot be affected by human activities. C. Climate is the average weather over a long period of time. D. Climate changes day to day, weather is fairly constant.

C. Climate is the average weather over a long period of time

The figure shows the formation of a front. What type of weather is associated with this type of front? A. cool breezes and snow flurries B. light winds and precipitation C. intense precipitation and thunderstorms D. thick clouds and fog

C. Intense precipitation and thunderstorms

Scientists are monitoring two colliding air masses along a frontal boundary. They are concerned that a tornado may form. Which data collected along the frontal boundary would best alert scientists that the two colliding air masses may cause a tornado? A.strong gusty winds and cloudy skies where the fronts meet B. air masses of the same temperature and altitude coming together where the fronts meet C. large differences in temperature, humidity, and air pressure on either side of where the fronts meet D. many similarities in the altitude of clouds, amount of clouds, and wind direction on either side of where the fronts meet

C. Large differences in temperature, humidity, and air pressure on either side of where the fronts meet.

Look at the figure. Considering the information given regarding Leadville and Burlington, why is it colder in Leadville? A. Leadville is farther west. B. Burlington has a lower latitude. C. Leadville has a higher elevation. D. Burlington has a greater difference between its average high and low.

C. Leadville has a higher elavation

This map shows four locations, W, X, Y, and Z, and weather systems across the United States. Which prediction about the weather is accurate, based on the evidence in the map? A. Location W will have cooler temperatures, because a cold front is moving toward it. B. Location X will have cloudy skies, because it is positioned within a high-pressure system. C. Location Y will be stormy, because it is positioned where a cold front meets a warm front. D. Location Z will be calm, because it is far away from both the high- and low-pressure systems.

C. Location Y will be stormy, because it is positioned where a cold front meets a warm front.

Which of the following does NOT affect the climate of an area? A. latitude B. altitude C. longitude D. being in a city rather than in a rural area

C. Longtitude

The figure shows the Great Ocean Conveyor Belt. Which best describes what this model represents? A. how the density of water differs between the North Atlantic and other parts of the ocean B. how ocean currents change the salinity of water C. how ocean currents move heat energy around Earth D. how the salinity of water affects its density

C. how ocean currents move heat energy around Earth

How are weather and climate related?

Climate and weather are related because, Climate is a long-term average of the weather, weather is short term, they both talk about wind, precipitation and more.

The map shows some of the major ocean currents near the continental United States. A student lives in a town in the midwest at the same latitude as Cape Hatteras. Which sentence describes how the climate of the midwest town compares to the climate of Cape Hatteras? A. It will have hotter temperatures in the summer. B. lt will have less precipitation over the year. C. It will have more snow in the winter. D. It will experience a smaller range of temperatures over the year.

D. It will experience a dmaller range of temperature over the year

Use the map below to answer the following questions. Which statement is supported by evidence from the map? A. The further north a city is, the milder its climate. B. The altitude of a city has an effect on its temperature. C. Larger cities have colder climates than smaller cities. D. Oceans have an effect on the climate in coastal cities.

D. Oceans have an effect on the climate in coastal cities

The map shows the global circulation pattern of ocean currents. Elliot wants to set up a model that best represents how this type of pattern is created in the ocean. Which model should he use? A. Add red food coloring to one end of a tank of water and blue food coloring to the other. Then allow a fan to blow across the surface. B. Add several drops of red food coloring and several drops of blue food coloring to water in a jar. Then place the lid on and shake the jar. C. Slowly pour hot water that has red food coloring into a tank of water that is at room temperature. Then quickly pour cold water that has blue food coloring into the tank. D. Pour hot water that has red food coloring and cold water that has blue food coloring into a tank of water that is at room temperature. Then have a heat lamp shine on the water.

D. Pour hot water that has red food coloring and cold water that has blue food coloring into a tank of water that is at room temperature. Then have a heat lamp shine on the water

Which sentence correctly compares temperatures in rural and urban areas? A. Rural areas are usually cooler because trees and water absorb more sunlight than concrete surfaces. B. Rural areas are usually warmer because grasses and other plants absorb sunlight to grow. C. Urban areas are usually cooler because buildings absorb sun light before it reaches the ground. D. Urban areas are usually warmer because streets have surfaces that absorb sunlight.

D. Urban areas are usually warmer because streets have surfaces that absorb sunlight

26) When cool, dense air from over the water flows inland, it's called a ____. A. land breeze B. polar easterly C. jet stream D. sea breeze

D. sea breeze

Steady winds between the equator and 30° latitude north or south are known as the ____. A. prevailing westerlies B. jet stream C. polar easterlies D. trade winds

D. trade winds

19) The Sun's energy hits the surface of Earth most directly at the poles. True False

False

The weather of a region describes the region's average temperature and precipitation over a long period of time. True False

False

Wind is caused by differences in elevation. True Or False

False

Why are polar regions colder than other regions of earth?

One reason polar reasons are colder is because they receive sunlight at such a low angle that the solar radiation is smaller there.

The _______ is the wind system responsible for the movement of weather from west to east across most of the continental United States.

Prevailing westerlies

Describe the Prevailing Westerlies.

Prevailing westerlies are winds located between 30° and 60° latitude north and south of the equator. They blow from the west to east and act as boundaries between the cold polar and milder equatorial air.

What area of Earth is receiving the most solar radiation?

The area of earth that receives the most sunlight is often the equator, because it is in direct sunlight because it is facing the sun.

Low-pressure systems bring clouds and precipitation.

True

The Coriolis Effect helps distribute heat around the surface of Earth. True False

True

The specific heat of water is higher than the specific heat of sand. That is why water heats up more slowly than sand. True False

True

At the same latitude, the climate is __________ in the mountains than on flat land

colder

On the side of the mountain facing the wind, air rises,__________ , and drops its moisture as precipitation.

cools