MA Medical Psychology/ Human Relations

According to the science of Psychology, a behavior is a(n)

Action that can be directly observed

Which of the following is true of divided attention in the context of memory encoding>

Attention can be specially detrimental to the process of encoding information

The ability to type a text message on a cell phone without even looking at the keypad is an example of

Automatic processing

The sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system are components of the

Automatic system

Neuroscience studies are based on ________ approaches to psychology.

Biological

The _______ approach is evident in the medical model.

Biological

The _______ approach to psychological disorders primarily focuses on the brain, genetic factors, and neurotransmitter functioning as the sources of abnormality

Biological

Jenna constantly experiences feelings of hopelessness and worthlessness. Jenna's doctor, Jacob, advises her to start taking antidepressant drugs that contain serotonin and dopamine. According to Dr. Jacob's diagnosis, Jenna's depression is a result of the imbalance and improper functioning of the neurotransmitters in her brain. In the context of the theoretical approaches to psychological disorders, this diagnosis conforms to the

Biological Approach

Which of the following is an example of a cognitive process?

Cindy, 20 year old, studying who imagine herself as a gov of florida

Lighting is associated with thunder and regularly precedes it. Thus, when we see lighting, we often anticipate that we will hear thunder soon afterward. This is an example of

Classical condition

Sarah feels sick every time she travels by air. She associates flying with physical illness and, as a result hates air travel. She also finds it difficult to watch movies with airplanes or read books about airplanes because they make her uncomfortable. This scenario illustrates the learning process of

Classical condition

Approaches that attempt to explain observable behavior by investigating mental processes and structure that cannot be directly observed by individuals fall under ___________ psychology.

Cognitive

Ashley, a Secretary at Plato Inc., is typing on her computer, talking on the phone, and handing some papers to her colleague simultaneously. Which of the following characteristics of the nervous system is best illustrated in this scenario?

Complexity

Which of the following is a difference between cross-sectional and longitudinal studies?

Cross sectional studies assess people at one point in time whereas Longitudinal studies assess people over a long period of time

According to Freud, the ego

Deals with the demands of reality

Your roommate argues that computers can perform several complex tasks better and more accurately than humans. You counter her argument with the mention of _____, a task that only humans can perform.

Developing new learning

The ability to listen to music while reading a magazine indicates

Divided attention

The lecture you were listening to is over. The bell that rand int he hall signaled the end of class. You get up your things, and walk out the classroom. Which kind of nerves sent the signals from your brain to your muscles to initiate your physical movement?

Efferent

Your brain has instrcted your body muscles to move so that you avoid burning your hand on a hot stove. Which type of nerves carried the information from your brain to your muscles so that you could avoid getting burned?

Efferent nerves

Motivation behavior is ___________.

Energize, directed, and sustain

When using the computer as an analogy to explain the relationship between cognition and the brain, the brain is described as the computer's___________ and cognition is described as its___________.

Hardware/ Software

Which structure of personality did Freud refer to as the "it"?

Id

The factor that differentiates top-down processing from bottom-up processing is that, top-down processing

Initiated by cognitive processing in the brain

Which of the following individual is exhibiting the highest level of conscious awareness?

Maria, who is working out an algebra problem in a piece of paper

___________ refers to the retention of information or experience over time.

Memory

A(n) _________ is a physical or biological deprivation that energizes the drive to eliminate or reduce the deprivation.

Need

You just ran a marathon in very hot weather and perspired heavily. According to drive reduction theory, you body will have a(n)________ for water, which will produce a(n) ________ for water, which will lead to a(n) __________ to get water.

Need/ Motivation/ Drive

In the context of human development, ________ refers to the individual's environmental and social experiences.

Nurture

Which of the following goals of science does the empirical method best fulfill?

Objectivity

Behavior is ___________; mental processes are __________.

Observable/ Private

________ is the process of organizing and interpreitng sensory information so that it makes sense.

Perception

The ____________ connects the brain and spinal cord to the rest of the body.

Peripheral Nervous system

Psychology began as a science in the discipline of

Philosophy

Awareness and arousal are associated with different part of the brain. Awareness involves the _________, whereas arousal is determined by the ____________.

Prefrontal cortex/ reticular activating system

_________ refers to a person's ability to recover from or adapt to difficult times,

Resilient

________ is the process of receiving stimulus energies from the external environment and transforming those energies into neural energy.

Sensation

The area of social psychology that explores how people select, interpret, remember, and use social information is called

Social Cognition

____________ is the scientific study of how people think about, influence, and relate to other people.

Social Psychology

William James described the mind as

Stream of conscious continuous flow of changing sensation, images, thoughts, and feelings.

In which of the following psychological approaches did reasearchers ask participants to think about what was going on mentally as various events took place?

Structuralism

Cognitive psychology is the study of

The mental action or process of acquiring knowledge and understanding through thoughts; experience and senses

Identify the true statement about controlled process

The movement individuals actively focusing their efforts toward goal

Freud considered ______- to be most important motivator of all human activity.

The sexual drive

The function of sensory nerves of the somatic nervous system is

To convey information from skin and muscle to the CNS as about conditions such as pain and temperature

Mrs. Robinson shows her students different fruits every day. At the end of the month, she tests the children by showing them pictures of the same fruits to see if the children are able to recognize them. The children are able to accurately recall the names of all the fruits. Which of the following processes is specifically involved in the children's successful recall?

Top-down Processing

Which of the following is true with regard to the principles of behaviorism?

Understanding the causes of behavior requires looking at the environmental factors that produce them.

Which of the following theorist primarily used the structuralism approach to studying human behavior?

Wilhelm wundt

Plasticity best reflects which of the following characteristics of the nervous system?

adaptability

The concept of ____ pertains to a psychological state, whereas _____ involves a physiological state.

drive/need

J. B. Watson and B. F. Skinner believed that

psychology should focus on an organism's visible interactions with the environment—that is, behaviors.