Macro - Ch. 3

11. Mike and Sandy are two woodworkers who both make tables and chairs. In one month, Mike can make 4 tables or 20 chairs, while Sandy can make 6 tables or 18 chairs. Given this, we know that a. Mike has an absolute advantage in chairs. b. Mike has a comparative advantage in tables. c. Sandy has an absolute advantage in chairs. d. Sandy has a comparative advantage in chairs.

A

12. If Iowa's opportunity cost of corn is lower than Oklahoma's opportunity cost of corn, then a. Iowa has a comparative advantage in the production of corn. b. Iowa has an absolute advantage in the production of corn. c. Iowa should import corn from Oklahoma. d. Oklahoma should produce just enough corn to satisfy its own residents' demands.

A

7. For two individuals who engage in the same two productive activities, it is impossible for one of the two individuals to a. have a comparative advantage in both activities. b. have an absolute advantage in both activities. c. be more productive per unit of time in both activities. d. gain from trade with each other.

A

10. Suppose a gardener produces both green beans and corn in her garden. If the opportunity cost of one bushel of corn is 3/5 bushel of green beans, then the opportunity cost of 1 bushel of green beans is a. 3/5 bushel of corn. b. 5/3 bushels of corn. c. 3 bushels of corn. d. 5 bushels of corn.

B

5. Suppose a gardener produces both green beans and corn in her garden. If she must give up 14 bushels of corn to get 5 bushels of green beans, then her opportunity cost of 1 bushel of green beans is a. 0.36 bushel of corn. b. 2.8 bushels of corn. c. 14 bushels of corn. d. 70 bushels of corn.

B

1. Which of the following is not a reason people choose to depend on others for goods and services? a. to improve their lives b. to allow them to enjoy a greater variety of goods and services c. to consume more of each good without working any more hours d. to allow people to produce outside their production possibilities frontiers.

D

2. When can two countries gain from trading two goods? a. when the first country can only produce the first good and the second country can only produce the second good b. when the first country can produce both goods, but can only produce the second good at great cost, and the second country can produce both goods, but can only produce the first good at great cost c. when the first country is better at producing both goods and the second country is worse at producing both goods d. Two countries could gain from trading two goods under all of the above conditions.

D

4. Suppose there are only two people in the world. Each person's production possibilities frontier also represents his or her consumption possibilities when a. neither person faces trade-offs. b. the frontiers are straight lines. c. the frontiers are bowed out. d. they choose not to trade with one another.

D

6. Canada and the U.S. both produce wheat and computer software. Canada is said to have the comparative advantage in producing wheat if a. Canada requires fewer resources than the U.S. to produce a bushel of wheat. b. the opportunity cost of producing a bushel of wheat is lower for Canada than it is for the U.S. c. the opportunity cost of producing a bushel of wheat is lower for the U.S. than it is for Canada. d. the U.S. has an absolute advantage over Canada in producing computer software.

B

13. Suppose that a worker in Radioland can produce either 4 radios or 1 television per year and a worker in Teeveeland can produce either 2 radios or 5 televisions per year. Each nation has 100 workers, and each country specializes according to the principle of comparative advantage. If Radioland trades 100 televisions to Teeveeland in exchange for 100 radios each year, then each country's maximum consumption of new radios and televisions per year will be a. higher than it would be in the absence of trade because of the gains from trade. b. the same as it would be in the absence of trade. c. less than it would be in the absence of trade because neither country is specializing in the product in which it has a comparative advantage. d. less than it would be in the absence of trade because Teeveeland has an absolute advantage in both goods and so it cannot benefit by trading with Radioland.

C

3. A production possibilities frontier is a straight line when a. the more resources the economy uses to produce one good, the fewer resources it has available to produce the other good. b. an economy is interdependent and engaged in trade instead of self- sufficient. c. the rate of tradeoff between the two goods being produced is constant. d. the rate of tradeoff between the two goods being produced depends on how much of each good is being produced.

C

8. The principle of comparative advantage does not provide answers to certain questions. One of those questions is a. Do specialization and trade benefit more than one party to a trade? b. Is it absolute advantage or comparative advantage that really matters? c. How are the gains from trade shared among the parties to a trade? d. Is it possible for specialization and trade to increase total output of traded goods?

C

9. Suppose that a worker in Cornland can grow either 40 bushels of corn or 10 bushels of oats per year, and a worker in Oatland can grow either 20 bushels of corn or 5 bushels of oats per year. There are 20 workers in Cornland and 20 workers in Oatland. Which of the following statements is true? a. Both countries could gain from trade with each other. b. Neither country could gain from trade with each other because Cornland has an absolute advantage in both goods. c. Neither country could gain from trade with each other because neither one has a comparative advantage. d. Oatland could gain from trade between the two countries, but Cornland definitively would lose.

C