Management 3080 -- Exam I

"What are the different needs that activate motivation's direction, intensity, and persistence?" This statement reflects which theories of motivation? A) content B) process C) extrinsic D) equity E) expectancy

A

Jane hates the idea of child labor. She works for a company that claims that it doesn't employ children. However, news reports accuse the company of employing young children overseas. ______ is the psychological discomfort that Jane is experiencing since she heard this news. A) Cognitive dissonance B) Emotional labor C) Behavioral intention D) Emotional dissonance E) Intelligence disunity

A

Marcy left a large Fortune 500 company to go to a small start-up technology firm. Earlier in her career, Marcy wanted a high salary and corporate position, but now she wants something different. She wants to be part of something that will grow and she enjoys the flexibility a small firm offers. In addition, she is involved in decision making, so she almost feels like it's her own company. These differing needs represent steps in A) Maslow's need hierarchy. B) McGregor's Theory Y. C) McClelland's acquired needs theory. D) Deci and Ryan's self-determination theory. E) Herzberg's motivator-hygiene theory.

A

Owen leads a team tasked with developing a client tracking system. He is nervous and worried, afraid that if this assignment doesn't go well, he won't be promoted. Jack, a team member, is relaxed, unworried, and secure in the feeling that they have all the necessary resources and talents to make this work. Jack is likely to score high on A) emotional stability. B) introversion. C) conscientiousness. D) internal locus of control. E) agreeableness.

A

Alana looks at the clouds and sees flowers. Her brother, Sammy, looks at the same clouds and sees jellyfish. Alana and Sammy have different A) stereotypes. B) perceptions. C) attributions. D) attitudes. E) contexts.

B

Low job satisfaction and low employee engagement can lead to A) lower employee turnover. B) low task performance. C) increased task performance. D) increased commitment. E) improved communication.

B

The distinction between flexible and fixed individual differences A) has no practical value for managers. B) is that managers have little or no impact on fixed differences. C) is that managers have little or no impact on flexible differences. D) is that managers should hire people based on their attitudes and emotions. E) is that managers have little or no impact on any individual differences.

B

Which of the following is not a factor in contributing to employee engagement? A) high levels of conscientiousness B) high levels of stress C) charismatic managers D) recognition E) motivating jobs

B

_________ theory assumes that competency, autonomy, and relatedness influence our behavior and well-being. A) Acquired needs B) Self-determination C) Job characteristics D) Expectancy E) Herzberg's motivator-hygiene

B

_____________ results when an individual gains satisfaction and self-praise from an assignment.

B

According to _________, the typical perspective held by managers is that employees dislike work, must be monitored, and can be motivated only with rewards and punishment ("carrots and sticks"). A) acquired needs theory B) Theory Y C) Theory X D) motivator-hygiene theory E) self-determination theory

C

Gerry, one of your subordinates, seems to care so much about being liked that he rarely states strong opinions in meetings of your department. Based on this, Gerry probably has a A) strong need for personal power. B) strong need for institutional power. C) strong need for affiliation. D) strong need for achievement. E) low need for achievement.

C

People who are outgoing, talkative, sociable, and assertive are likely to score high on A) emotional stability. B) agreeableness. C) extraversion. D) openness to experience. E) conscientiousness.

C

_____ is the set of processes and managerial behaviors that involve defining, monitoring, measuring, evaluating, and providing consequences for performance expectations. A) Performance appraisal B) Performance review C) Performance management D) Goal setting E) Coaching

C

20) Claire works for Content Consultants. She telecommutes and has great flexibility in her work schedule. In return, Content Consultants expects to have satisfied clients who hire them again. Claire receives consistently high evaluations. Despite that, the company now wants her to work out of the main office. Claire feels that Content Consultants has breached a(n) A) employee engagement. B) job involvement. C) organizational citizenship behavior. D) psychological contract. E) cognitive expectation.

D

In the context of goal setting, SMART stands for A) specific, measurable, attainable, realistic, time-bound. B) specific, measurable, aligned, results-oriented, time-bound. C) sequential, measurable, aligned, results-oriented, time-bound. D) specific, measurable, attainable, results-oriented, time-bound. E) sequential, measurable, attainable, realistic, time-bound

D

Perception is the process that A) measures an individual's set of beliefs about the characteristics of a group. B) automatically activates any thoughts or beliefs from memory. C) evaluates suspected or inferred causes of behavior. D) enables us to interpret and understand our surroundings. E) attributes another person's behavior to his or her personal characteristics.

D

_________ is the psychological discomfort a person experiences when simultaneously holding two or more conflicting cognitions. A) perceived stress B) counterproductive work behavior C) psychological dissonance D) cognitive dissonance E) affective discomfort

D

Regarding the relative importance of personal and technical skills, A) they remain equal and this does not change throughout careers. B) technical skills are more important regardless of job level. C) personal skills are more important regardless of job level. D) technical skills become more important as job level increases. E) personal skills become more important as job level increases.

E

______ is based on a simple premise: Rightly or wrongly, people infer causes for their own and others' behavior. A) Context of interaction B) Stereotyping C) Person perception D) Implicit cognition E) Attribution theory

E