Management 3370 Ch. 14 Leadership

Which one of the following traits refers to high levels of effort and is characterized by achievement, motivation, ambition, energy, tenacity, and initiative? a. Drive b. Charisma c. motivational cues d. self-confidence e. desire to lead

a. Drive

Which of the following statements about the two basic leader behaviors that are central to successful leadership is true? a. These behaviors are referred to as initiating structure and consideration. b. The worst leadership style entails the use of both behaviors in equal amounts. c. The best leadership style entails high levels of both of these behaviors. d. Most effective leaders select one behavior, adopt it, and maintain that style of leadership for their entire careers. e. These behaviors are dependent, meaning that leaders can only do one at a time.

a. These behaviors are referred to as initiating structure and consideration.

Which of the following approaches to implementing Fiedler's contingency theory in the workplace has proven effective? a. accurately measuring and matching leaders to situations b. teaching managers how to change situational favorableness c. creating standing plans concerning leader actions and reactions d. arbitrary definition of situations e. only hiring supervisors with appropriate leadership traits

a. accurately measuring and matching leaders to situations

Which of the following approaches to implementing Fiedler's contingency theory in the workplace has proven effective? a. accurately measuring and matching leaders to situations b. teaching managers how to change situational favorableness c. only hiring supervisors with appropriate leadership traits d. arbitrary definition of situations e. creating standing plans concerning leader actions and reactions

a. accurately measuring and matching leaders to situations

The two types of visionary leadership are ____. a. charismatic leadership and transformational leadership b. situational leadership and transactional leadership c. tactical leadership and charismatic leadership d. transformational leadership and transactional leadership e. situational leadership and strategic leadership

a. charismatic leadership and transformational leadership

Relatively stable characteristics such as abilities, psychological motives, or consistent patterns of behavior, form the basis for the ____ of leadership. a. trait theory b. situational theory c. behavioral theory d. expectancy theory e. path-goal theory

a. trait theory

Which of the following is an example of a situational theory of leadership? a. charismatic theory b. Fiedler's contingency theory c. equity theory of leadership d. stimulus-response theory e. trait theory

b. Fiedler's contingency theory

Which of the following statements about leaders and managers is true? a. All of these statements about leaders and managers are true. b. Organizations need both leaders and managers. c. Leaders are critical to getting out the day-to-day work. d. Managers are critical to inspiring employees and setting long-term direction. e. Most organizations place greater emphasis on leadership than on management.

b. Organizations need both leaders and managers.

Successful business leaders are not like other people. Successful business leaders ____. a. have emotional stability b. are accurately described by all of these c. are knowledgeable about business d. are self-confident e. have a desire to lead

b. are accurately described by all of these

In Fiedler's contingency theory, the term ____ refers to the degree to which leaders are able to hire, fire, reward, and punish workers. a. situational favorableness b. position power c. situational unfavorableness d. task structure e. leader-member relations

b. position power

Which of the following is an example of an environmental contingency in path-goal theory? a. subordinate performance b. task structure c. perceived ability d. locus of control e. subordinate experience

b. task structure

The most important situational factor in Fieldler's Contingency Theory is: a. Procedural power b. Task structure c. Leader-member relations d. Position power e. Leader relations

c. Leader-member relations

Which of the following is NOT one of the four leadership styles identified in the path-goal theory of leadership? a. participative b. supportive c. charismatic d. achievement-oriented e. directive

c. charismatic

Research shows that while initiating structure impacts primarily on ____, consideration impacts primarily on ____. a. job satisfaction; job performance b. job performance; motivational drive c. job performance; job satisfaction d. job description; job specification e. job satisfaction; worker synergy

c. job performance; job satisfaction

The Vroom-Yetton-Jago Model is another name for the: a. path-goal theory of leadership b. trait theory of leadership c. normative decision theory d. situational theory of leadership e. contingency theory of leadership

c. normative decision theory

In Fiedler's contingency theory, the term ____ refers to the degree to which a particular situation either permits or denies a leader the chance to influence the behavior of group members. a. position power b. leader-member relations c. situational favorableness d. task structure e. task favorableness

c. situational favorableness

____ refers to the behavioral tendencies and personal characteristics of leaders that create an exceptionally strong relationship between them and their followers. a. Consideration leadership b. Transformational leadership c. Transactional leadership d. Charismatic leadership e. Leadership empowerment

d. Charismatic leadership

Transformational leaders ____. a. encourage followers to make sacrifices for the organization b. help followers see how their jobs fit with the organization's vision c. are able to make their followers feel they are a vital part of the organization d. are accurately described by all of these e. get employees to see beyond their own needs for the good of the group

d. are accurately described by all of these

Charismatic leaders generally ____. a. have strong coercive and reward power b. have trouble delegating c. base their influence on an exchange process in which followers are rewarded for good performance and punished for poor performance d. articulate a vision based on strongly held values e. are accurately described by none of these

d. articulate a vision based on strongly held values

The normative decision theory ____. a. states that the situation determines what leadership style to use b. assumes that certain inalienable characteristics determine the most effective leaders c. assumes leaders are generally unable to change their leadership style d. helps managers determine how much employee participation should be used in decision making e. assumes leader behavior can be fitted to subordinate characteristics

d. helps managers determine how much employee participation should be used in decision making

Research at three universities has confirmed that two basic leader behaviors, ______ and ______, are central to successful leadership. a. concern for production; job-centered leadership b. initiating structure; job-centered leadership c. autonomous; participative d. initiating structure; consideration e. employee-centered leadership; consideration

d. initiating structure; consideration

Fiedlers contingency theory assumes: a. favorable situations permit leaders to influence group members b. leadership styles cannot be matched to the proper situation c. leaders can change their leadership styles to fit the situation d. leaders are effective when their work groups perform well e. leaders should be judged according to how they perform--not how their subordinates perform

d. leaders are effective when their work groups perform well

Which of the following is the best leadership style for all situations? a. country club management b. team management c. authority-compliance d. none of these e. middle of the road management

d. none of these

Which of the following leadership theories assumes that leadership styles are consistent and difficult to change? a. path-goal theory b. the status quo theory of leadership c. the Vroom theory d. none of these e. normative decision theory

d. none of these

According to the path-goal theory, which of the following is an example of an environmental contingency? a. subordinate satisfaction b. perceived ability c. locus of control d. the formal authority system e. focus of subordinate

d. the formal authority system

According to the path-goal theory of leadership, __________ means setting challenging goals, having high expectations of employees, and displaying confidence that employees will assume responsibility and put forth extraordinary effort. a. empowerment leadership b. participative leadership c. supportive leadership d. directive leadership e. achievement-oriented leadership

e. achievement-oriented leadership

Which of the following is another term for considerate leadership behavior? a. participative management b. initiating structure behavior c. job-centered leadership d. concern for production e. employee-centered leadership

e. employee-centered leadership

____is the process of influencing others to achieve group or organizational goals. a. management b. autonomy c. supervision d. interpersonal influence e. leadership

e. leadership

Transactional leaders ____. a. pay special attention to individual needs by creating learning opportunities b. are accurately described by all of these c. help followers see how their jobs fit with the organization's vision d. motivate followers by providing them with meaningful and challenging work e. reward followers for good behavior and punish followers for poor behavior

e. reward followers for good behavior and punish followers for poor behavior

Transactional leaders: a. motivate followers by providing them with meaningful and challenging work b. are accurately described by all of these c. pay special attention to individual needs by creating learning opportunities d. help followers see how their jobs fit with the organization's vision e. reward followers for good behavior and punish followers for poor behavior

e. reward followers for good behavior and punish followers for poor behavior