Management Exams

Which of the following is an example of innovation?

A company invents a new way to deliver digital content.

Knowledge management concerns developing which of the following resources of an organization? A. Its members' expertise, skills, wisdom, and relations B. Its loyal customer base C. Its property, such as factories and administrative buildings D. Its store of both resources and manufactured goods E. Its equipment, such as vehicles, tools, and machines

A. Its members' expertise, skills, wisdom, and relations

Which of the following is one of the four fundamental traditional management functions? A. Planning B. Contracting C. Outsourcing D. Distributing E. Innovating

A. Planning

Which of the following countries is a member of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation Group? A. Russia B. Germany C. Brazil D. Nigeria E. Italy

A. Russia

Which of the following is a step in the formal planning process that involves studying past events, examining current conditions, and forecasting future trends? A. Situational analysis B. Alternative goals and plans C. Goal and plan evaluation D. Goal and plan selection E. Monitor and control

A. Situational analysis

What is Web 2.0? A. Social networking sites that allow users to publish and share information B. An advanced type of search engine that disregards most unusable data C. A type of Internet platform that displays information but does not have interactivity D. A program that allows businesses to sell merchandise on the Internet more securely E. A new form of web-based video communications technology

A. Social networking sites that allow users to publish and share information

_____ allows people to live and work in ways that can be maintained over the long term without depleting or harming the environmental and economic resources. A. Sustainability B. Total quality C. Innovation D. Collaboration E. Cost competitiveness

A. Sustainability

Which of the following is true of services?

A. They include intangible products like medical care.

Planning involves

A. analyzing current situations.

Planning involves: A. analyzing current situations. B. determining rewards for goals achievement. C. attracting people to the organization. D. motivating employees. E. implementing necessary changes.

A. analyzing current situations.

No one at Barkley Architecture liked the company's new website which was a real problem given that the firm considered itself an expert in design. The President, Alan, got the team together, solicited feedback, and found help in making improvements. The ability to identify this problem and resolve it is an effective use of _____ skills. A. conceptual and decision B. informational C. technical D. intellectual and language E. negotiation

A. conceptual and decision

Which of the following plays a role in the moral awareness involved in identifying an act as unethical, the moral judgment to fully consider the repercussions, and the moral character to take the ethical action?

A. courage

Which of the following is a U.S. government policy or action that is most likely to provide an opportunity for businesses? A. deductions in the tax code B. fines on heavy polluters C. laws against bribing officials D. court rulings against monopolies E. failure to rule a new product as safe

A. deductions in the tax code

____ responsibilities of business are to produce goods and services that society wants at a price that perpetuates the business and satisfies its obligations to investors.

A. economic

Which of the following levels of the pyramid of global corporate social responsibility and performance represents a company's requirement to be profitable?

A. economic responsibility

_____ considers acceptable behavior to be that which maximizes benefits for the individual.

A. egoism

John supervises employees that work on the floor of the Superior Pet Food factory. He cooperates closely with his manager in determining ways to improve the efficiency of the manufacturing process, and then works to implement those plans. In this case, John would be considered a(n) _____ manager. A. frontline B. tactical C. middle-level D. top-level E. strategic

A. frontline

Social capital is the

A. goodwill stemming from your social relationships.

As one of the key management functions, leading focuses on a manager's efforts to

A. mobilize people to contribute their ideas.

As one of the key management functions, leading focuses on a manager's efforts to: A. mobilize people to contribute their ideas. B. build organizations that are flexible and adaptive. C. make sure goals are met. D. identify opportunities for sustainable advantage. E. build a dynamic organization.

A. mobilize people to contribute their ideas.

When Pam has to decide whether something is right or wrong, she considers the writings of the ancient teachers Confucius and Marcus Aurelius, whose works she has read many times. These books form the basis of Pam's _____. A. moral philosophy B. value system C. ethical situation D. relativism E. egoism

A. moral philosophy

To be effective, goals should have certain qualities, which can be easily remembered with the acronym SMART A. specific, measurable, attainable, relevant, and time-bound. B. simple, meaningful, attractive, resourceful, and tactical. C. scientific, moral, acceptable, realistic, and technical. D. strong, motivating, affordable, resourceful, and time-based. E. strategic, modifiable, agreed, realistic, and tactical.

A. specific, measurable, attainable, relevant, and time-bound.

Being self-reliant means individuals should: A. take full responsibility for themselves and their actions. B. be open minded and responsive when others have innovative ideas. C. always wait for orders from higher management in the organization. D. trust that the organization will manage their career. E. respond to the environment before orders come from higher management in the organization.

A. take full responsibility for themselves and their actions.

Compilation of an accounting statement can be categorized under _____ skills. A. technical B. communication C. conceptual D. interpersonal E. decision-making

A. technical

Operational managers play a crucial role in an organization because they provide: A. the link between management and nonmanagement personnel. B. overall direction by formulating strategy and controlling resources. C. the key plans for an organization's success. D. feedback on top management performance. E. direction and strategy for the organization.

A. the link between management and nonmanagement personnel.

For her job, Bettina is expected to look ahead at the company's future and devise strategies for the company's long-term success and growth. Judging from this description, Bettina is a _____ manager.

A. top-level

An approach to achieving _____ includes preventing defects before they occur.

A. total quality

An approach to achieving _____ includes preventing defects before they occur. A. total quality B. cost competitiveness C. sustainability D. innovation E. efficiency

A. total quality

A thorough job _____ may help organizations successfully defend themselves in lawsuits involving employment practices.

Analysis

Which of the following statements about international markets is true? A. Incomes are rising but demand is stagnant. B. Incomes are rising and demand is increasing. C. Incomes are rising but demand is decreasing. D. Incomes are dropping and demand is decreasing. E. Incomes are dropping but demand is increasing.

B. Incomes are rising and demand is increasing.

Which of the following statements is true about the Internet?

B. It drives down costs.

Which of the following statements is true about the Internet? A. It has reduced threats to most businesses. B. It drives down costs. C. It does not influence globalization. D. It slows down globalization. E. It slows down decision making because large amounts of information are available.

B. It drives down costs.

The vice president of Delta Design LLC attended a trade show to make additional supplier and distribution contacts for the business. Which of the following roles was the VP playing in this situation? A. Leader B. Liaison C. Figurehead D. Disturbance handler E. Resource allocator

B. Liaison

Peerless Press has recently started operations as a business. The managers have already determined their objectives and have decided on the type of publications they will specialize in. They have now started to attract people to work for them and have started determining the responsibilities of workers. Which of the following management functions are Peerless Press's managers performing?

B. Organizing

Which of the following functions of management is described as building a dynamic organization? A. Planning B. Organizing C. Leading D. Controlling E. Organizational staffing

B. Organizing

Debra, a manager of a glassware company, is in the process of deciding what items to add to next year's line of merchandise. For research purposes, she analyzed the past and present conditions of the market and also forecasted future trends. Which of the following steps of the formal planning process has Debra performed? A. Goal and plan evaluation B. Situational analysis C. Monitor and control D. Implementation E. Alternative goals and plans

B. Situational analysis

Which of the following is the first step in a formal planning process? A. Goal and plan evaluation B. Situational analysis C. Monitor and control D. Implementation E. Alternative goals and plans

B. Situational analysis

Which of the following is one of the three essential categories of skills that managers need? A. Study skills B. Technical skills C. Negotiation skills D. Counseling skills E. Manipulative skills

B. Technical skills

Which of the following is one of the ongoing challenges that characterize the current business landscape?

B. Technological change

Which of the following is one of the ongoing challenges that characterize the current business landscape? A. Uniformity of offerings B. Technological change C. Quality D. Cost competitiveness E. Speed

B. Technological change

What did the Maastricht Treaty establish? A. The NAFTA trade zone B. The European Union C. The CAFTA-DR trade zone D. The Association of Southeast Asian Nations E. The Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation group

B. The European Union

Which of the following is a major exporter of petroleum, or oil? A. Australia B. The Middle East C. Japan D. The South Pacific E. India

B. The Middle East

What are business ethics? A. Principles of conduct, such as caring, being honest, pursuing excellence, and showing loyalty B. The moral principles and standards that guide behavior in the world of business C. The system of rules that governs the ordering of economic value D. A situation, problem, or opportunity in which a political leader must choose among several actions E. The principles, rules, and values that people use in deciding what is right or wrong for themselves

B. The moral principles and standards that guide behavior in the world of business

_____ managers are typically concerned with the interaction between the organization and its external environment.

B. Top-level

_____ managers are typically concerned with the interaction between the organization and its external environment. A. Operational B. Top-level C. Middle-level D. Frontline E. Tactical

B. Top-level

Beth is a marketing agent. Most of her colleagues fill out inaccurate time records in the office log so that they are eligible for extra pay. Beth can either do the same thing or log in real, accurate details. This situation of Beth is an example of _____.

B. an ethical issue

An ethics program that is designed by corporate counsel to detect, prevent, and punish legal violations is called a _____ ethics program.

B. compliance-based

Alternative courses of action that can be implemented based on how the future unfolds are referred to as _____. A. programmed decisions B. contingency plans C. ready-made solutions D. satisficing plans E. maximizing plans

B. contingency plans

Through careful monitoring of the financial budgets of a firm, managers can detect potential problems in reaching their financial goals and take actions to reverse the problem. This is an example of the _____ function of management.

B. controlling

Through careful monitoring of the financial budgets of a firm, managers can detect potential problems in reaching their financial goals and take actions to reverse the problem. This is an example of the _____ function of management. A. planning B. controlling C. leading D. organizing E. staffing

B. controlling

Cassandra's behavior is typically guided by what she thinks would be acceptable to her parents. According to Kohlberg, which of the following stages of moral development does Cassandra's behavior exemplify?

B. conventional stage

The planning function in the new business environment can also be described more dynamically as: A. building a dynamic organization. B. delivering strategic value. C. stimulating people to be high performers. D. monitoring performance and implementing needed changes. E. motivating workers to do their jobs effectively.

B. delivering strategic value.

Which of the following responsibilities lies at the base of the pyramid of global corporate social responsibility and performance?

B. economic

A common complaint about leaders, especially those who are newly appointed, is that they lack: A. self-acceptance. B. empathy. C. the ability to receive feedback from subordinates. D. decision-making skills. E. self-control.

B. empathy.

The _____ of an organization refers to the processes by which decisions are evaluated and made on the basis of right and wrong.

B. ethical climate

_____ is the system of rules that governs the ordering of values.

B. ethics

Although a top executive team may have unique _____ strengths and ideas about its goals, it must consider _____ factors before taking action. A. external; internal B. internal; external C. traditional; unconventional D. unconventional; traditional E. past; future

B. internal; external

Listening to employee suggestions, gaining support for organizational objectives, and fostering an atmosphere of teamwork are all considered: A. technical skills. B. interpersonal and communication skills. C. diagnostic and relational skills. D. statistical and analytical skills. E. conceptual and decision skills.

B. interpersonal and communication skills.

The change from a local to a global marketplace is: A. irrelevant to today's business environment. B. irreversible. C. not necessary to remain competitive. D. slowing down. E. no different than it has been over the last three decades.

B. irreversible.

Within the pyramid of global corporate social responsibility and performance, doing what is required by global stakeholders is categorized as a(n) _____ responsibility.

B. legal

____ is a process of analyzing all inputs and outputs, through the entire "cradle-to-grave" life of a product, to determine the total environmental impact of the production and use of a product.

B. life-cycle analysis

Done properly, sustainability encourages people to live in ways that can be maintained for the _____.

B. long term

Tactical managers are often referred to as: A. frontline managers. B. middle-level managers. C. lower-level managers. D. operational managers. E. top-level managers.

B. middle-level managers.

The managers at Capturion Action Cameras are currently developing strategies for the company's new products and setting objectives for its business units. These managers are engaging in the management function of: A. forecasting. B. planning. C. staffing. D. organizing. E. outsourcing.

B. planning.

The managers at Sonic SmartPhones are currently developing strategies for the company's new products and setting objectives for its business units. These managers are engaging in the management function of

B. planning.

Ari, a federal government employee, works in acquisition and procurement. Federal policies require that in contracting with suppliers, at least three bids must be received and the lowest bid that meets specifications will be accepted. In this case, Ari is dealing with a(n) _____. A. cognitive conflict B. programmed decision C. affective conflict D. nonprogrammed decision E. unstructured problem

B. programmed decision

_____ acknowledges the existence of different ethical viewpoints and uses norms as guidelines.

B. relativism

Goodwill stemming from social relationships is called: A. social empathy. B. social capital. C. emotional intelligence. D. emotional capital. E. social value.

B. social capital.

The _____ ethical framework encourages employees to consider whether they would like to see their decisions displayed on the front page of the newspaper.

B. sunshine

As a manager at Prescott Fine Jewelry, Jerald Walker spends most of his time training new sales managers and making sure that information coming from headquarters reaches the company's branches. In this case, Jerald would best be described as a(n) _____ manager. A. frontline B. tactical C. operational D. top-level E. strategic

B. tactical

As a regional manager for Optasia Digital Cameras, Deirdre spends most of her time training new sales managers and making sure that information coming from headquarters reaches the company's branches. In this case, Deirdre would best be described as a(n) _____ manager.

B. tactical

Which of the following best describes an ethical perspective that goes beyond the conventional rules of society by suggesting that what is moral must also come from what a mature person with good "moral character" would deem right?

B. virtue ethics

Which of the following types of companies are affected by globalization? A. Primarily large companies B. Primarily small companies C. Both large and small companies D. Only companies with overseas factories E. Only companies with immigrant workers

C. Both large and small companies

Which of the following roles involves searching for new business opportunities and initiating new projects to create change? A. Leader B. Figurehead C. Entrepreneur D. Disseminator E. Monitor

C. Entrepreneur

What term is used to describe all the relevant forces outside an organization's boundaries? A. Environmental scanning B. Competitive intelligence C. External environment D. Competitive environment E. Organizational climate

C. External environment

_____ is the introduction of new goods and services. A. Collaboration B. Vertical integration C. Innovation D. Adaptation E. Introspection

C. Innovation

_____ skills influence a manager's ability to work well with people. A. Decision making B. Technical C. Interpersonal D. Professional E. Conceptual

C. Interpersonal

Which of the following statements about job skills is true?

C. Interpersonal skills are equally important at all levels of management.

Which of the following statements is true of the sources of competitive advantage? A. The best companies choose one source of competitive advantage and perfect it. B. Managing the sources of competitive advantage is a zero-sum game where one source suffers at the expense of the other. C. It is possible to improve quality and also enhance speed. D. Trade-offs do not occur among the six sources of competitive advantage. E. Sustainability is the speed and dependability with which an organization delivers what customers want.

C. It is possible to improve quality and also enhance speed.

_____ is assembling and coordinating the human, financial, physical, informational, and other resources needed to achieve goals.

C. Organizing

_____ is assembling and coordinating the human, financial, physical, informational, and other resources needed to achieve goals. A. Benchmarking B. Planning C. Organizing D. Optimizing E. Quantifying

C. Organizing

Making ethical decisions takes moral _____ which helps realize that an issue has ethical implications.

C. awareness

Peppy Pizza plans to open five new stores before 2015. However, if the economy does not improve and if consumer confidence does not rise as hoped, it might open just two stores. This backup plan is an example of a A. dominant plan. B. single-use plan. C. contingency plan. D. standing plan. E. tactical plan.

C. contingency plan.

A manager's ability to stimulate people to be high performers is referred to as _____. A. planning B. staffing C. leading D. controlling E. monitoring

C. leading

Which of the five goals of a transcendent education involves viewing success not merely as personal gain, but as a common victory?

C. mutuality

When individuals view themselves as employees and expect their employers to tell them what to do and give them pay and benefits, those individuals are acting as: A. self-reliant employees. B. agents for social capital. C. passive employees. D. emotionally intelligent employees. E. connected team members.

C. passive employees.

Cost competitiveness involves: A. sacrificing quality to keep costs low. B. increasing prices to boost profits. C. pricing products at a level attractive to consumers. D. managing costs by being effective. E. offering high-quality products at higher prices.

C. pricing products at a level attractive to consumers.

A person who sees beyond authority, laws, and norms and follows his own self-chosen ethical principles is most likely to be in the _____ stage of Kohlberg's model of cognitive moral development.

C. principled

Bina downloaded music from the Internet on her office computer. As all of her colleagues did it, she thought it was fine to do so. In this scenario, which of the following ethical systems has Bina used to rationalize her decision?

C. relativism

The state that exists when the probability of success is less than 100 percent and losses may occur is called _____. A. conflict B. probability analysis C. risk D. certainty E. policy formulation

C. risk

Senior executives responsible for the overall management and effectiveness of the organization are known as

C. strategic managers.

Senior executives responsible for the overall management and effectiveness of the organization are known as: A. frontline managers. B. middle managers. C. strategic managers. D. tactical managers. E. short-run managers.

C. strategic managers.

Economic growth and development that meet present needs without harming the needs of future generations is known as _____.

C. sustainable growth

Emotional intelligence can best be defined as: A. the ability to perform a specialized task involving a particular method or process. B. the ability to identify and resolve problems for the benefit of the organization and its members. C. the skills of understanding oneself, managing oneself, and dealing effectively with others. D. the skill of monitoring efforts and making the necessary changes. E. the skill to lead, motivate, and communicate effectively with others.

C. the skills of understanding oneself, managing oneself, and dealing effectively with others.

According to John Rawls, only a person ignorant of his own identity can make a truly ethical decision. This thought process is based on _____.

C. the vell of ignorance

A(n) _____ has five higher goals that balance self-interest with responsibility to others.

C. transcendent education

When Elena, manager of the sales department for Eversharp Knives, realized that her plan to increase her associates' sales levels was not producing the desired results, she instituted a refresher training course that helped the associates achieve better results. Which of the following management functions is illustrated in this scenario?

D. Controlling

Which of the following roles involves performing symbolic duties for an organization, like attending ceremonies? A. Disseminator B. Spokesperson C. Liaison D. Figurehead E. Disturbance handler

D. Figurehead

Which of the following job titles indicates that a person is a frontline manager?

D. Floor Supervisor

Which of the following is true of speed as a success driver of organizational performance? A. It is defined as the excellence of a product. B. The requirement for speed has decreased with time. C. Faster companies are more likely to be losers. D. It separates the winners from the losers. E. It is no longer considered as a strategic imperative.

D. It separates the winners from the losers.

Lorenzo is a general manager for Perry Corp., a mechanical engineering firm. He is considering some changes to the production floor which include layout adjustments and the purchase of new equipment to improve efficiency. He also wants to promote one of his employees to a higher post of assistant manager. Which of the following functions of management is Lorenzo performing? A. Planning B. Training C. Leading D. Organizing E. Budgeting

D. Organizing

Leann and her top managers are choosing the goals that Leann's company should achieve and deciding in advance the appropriate actions needed to achieve those goals. What are they doing?

D. Planning

_____ is the conscious, systematic process of making decisions about goals and activities that an individual, group, work unit, or organization will pursue in the future. A. Buffering B. Benchmarking C. Budgeting D. Planning E. Forecasting

D. Planning

Which of the following economic sectors has become increasingly important to the U.S. economy?

D. Service

Which of the following economic sectors has become increasingly important to the U.S. economy? A. Agriculture B. Manufacturing C. Fishing D. Service E. Forestry

D. Service

As one of the goals of transcendent education, thinking not just in terms of "don'ts," but also in terms of positive contributions is called _____.

D. civil aspiration

Bill, the manager of Just Right Gelato, acts with integrity and honesty because he believes in a system of rules that governs the ordering of values. The system of rules that directs Bill's behavior is known as _____. A. compulsion B. philosophy C. law D. ethics E. justice

D. ethics

Once a solution to a problem is chosen, the next phase in the decision-making process involves _____. A. evaluating alternatives B. evaluating consequences C. generating information D. implementing the decision E. generating alternative solutions

D. implementing the decision

Gerard's company used to have one of its clothing lines manufactured by an outside supplier. That line is now manufactured at a new factory built by Gerard's company. This change is an example of _____. A. offshoring B. outsourcing C. inshoring D. insourcing E. offsourcing

D. insourcing

The set of practices aimed at discovering and harnessing an organization's intellectual resources is known as _____.

D. knowledge management

José is trying to decide how to diversify his company so that it produces a larger variety of products and competes in new markets. This is a(n) example of a _____ decision. A. routine B. programmed C. cognitive D. nonprogrammed E. noncognitive

D. nonprogrammed

According to Kohlberg's model of cognitive moral development, people in which of the following stages tend to make decisions based on rewards and punishments and immediate self-interest?

D. preconventional stage

Shannon is a marketing agent who determines his work behavior solely on whether he thinks he can do them without receiving immediate punishment from his boss. According to Kohlberg, which of the following stages of moral development does Shannon's behavior exemplify?

D. preconventional stage

Isaac, a human resources manager, has to layoff either of two department heads, Aisha or Ben, because the downsizing process that's going on in the organization calls for the merging of their two departments. However, Isaac cannot decide whom to layoff, since they are both excellent managers and he doesn't want to dismiss either of them. In this case, Isaac is having a difficult time making a decision due to experiencing _____ conflict. A. interdependence B. organizational C. cognitive D. psychological E. affective

D. psychological

Sustainability is defined as: A. the fast and timely execution, response, and delivery of results. B. the speed and dependability with which an organization delivers what customers want. C. the introduction of new goods and services into the market. D. the effort to minimize the use of resources, especially those that are polluting and non-renewable. E. the minimization of costs to achieve profits and be able to offer prices that are attractive to consumers.

D. the effort to minimize the use of resources, especially those that are polluting and non-renewable.

Ashleigh works as a receptionist for a law firm. Some of the lawyers have asked her to tell callers that they are in court when in fact they are playing golf. She wanted to quit the job because she hated to lie to people and believes that all people should uphold certain values that society needs to function. Which of the following best describes the ethical system used by Ashleigh to make the decision?

D. universalism

_____ involves monitoring performance and making necessary changes. A. Budgeting B. Planning C. Organizing D. Leading E. Controlling

E. Controlling

Which of the following was introduced as the result of an evolving societal trend? A. Shares of stock B. Hourly wages C. Levels of management D. Offshoring E. Family leave

E. Family leave

Adam focuses on assembling and coordinating the people, equipment, and supplies that his company needs to achieve its goals. What management function does Adam emphasize in his work?

E. Organizing

Stylin' Footwear buys leather and lesser quantities of cork, elastic, metal buckles, and other materials to manufacture shoes. Which of the following is Stylin's Footwear's output? A. Leather B. Cork C. Elastic D. Buckles E. Shoes

E. Shoes

_____ managers are responsible for translating the general goals and plans developed for an organization into more specific objectives and activities. A. Operational B. Frontline C. Top-level D. Strategic E. Tactical

E. Tactical

Which of the following statements about managers is true?

E. The best managers maintain a clear focus on both effectiveness and efficiency.

When a solution is specifically designed for a particular problem or set of problems, it is referred to as _____. A. groupthink B. a programmed decision C. a ready-made solution D. a contingency plan E. a custom-made solution

E. a custom-made solution

Isabel is developing contingency plans for her catering business. In other words, she is developing A. the long-term direction and strategic intent of a company .B. a set of procedures for translating broad strategic goals and plans into specific goals and plans. C. a set of procedures that identify specific processes required at lower levels of an organization. D. her organization's basic scope and purpose of operations. E. a set of actions to be taken when events in the external environment require a sudden change.

E. a set of actions to be taken when events in the external environment require a sudden change.

Individuals' conceptual and decision-making skills: A. are most important early in their career. B. involve the ability to perform a specialized task using a specific method. C. are often referred to as people skills. D. become less important to them as they rise higher in the company. E. become more important to them as they grow in the company.

E. become more important to them as they grow in the company.

Having the strength and persistence to act in accordance with one's ethics despite the challenges is referred to as moral _____.

E. character

Elisa understands her own strengths and limitations, she manages her feelings and decisions well, and she deals effectively with other people. Elisa has _____.

E. emotional intelligence

A situation, problem, or opportunity in which an individual is obligated to choose among several actions that must be evaluated as morally right or wrong is a(n) _____ issue. A. moral B. legal C. value D. relative E. ethical

E. ethical

Which of the following levels of corporate social responsibility of business includes meeting societal expectations that are not written as law?

E. ethical

In an ideal decision-making process, the initial step is to A. select an alternative. B. evaluate the decision. C. challenge the status quo. D. generate alternatives. E. identify the problem.

E. identify the problem.

As one of the goals of a transcendent education, speaking out against unethical actions is called _____.

E. intolerance of ineffective humanity

Home Depot supports Habitat for Humanity, a nonprofit that builds affordable housing for those struggling with poverty, housing, or homelessness. Donation to such an organization is an example of _____ responsibility.

E. philanthropic

In terms of good management, efficiency differs from effectiveness primarily in the former's focus on

E. resource utilization.

In terms of good management, efficiency differs from effectiveness primarily in the former's focus on: A. customer satisfaction. B. shareholder profits. C. customer retention. D. employee turnover. E. resource utilization.

E. resource utilization.

A(n) _____ skill is the ability to perform a specialized task that involves a certain method or process. A. conceptual B. administration C. interpersonal D. communication E. technical

E. technical

The three levels of managers within large organizations are: A. authoritative, permissive, and submissive. B. managerial, functional, and direct. C. technical, functional, and departmental. D. upper level, top management, and functional. E. top, middle, and frontline.

E. top, middle, and frontline.

Swann Brothers Chocolatiers is a new company that makes specialty, gourmet confections and markets to upscale restaurants and the general public, particularly hip, young people with money to spend on luxuries. They need to find a location for their new shop and kitchen. The real estate agent they have contracted shows them several available commercial spaces in the area. Given their goals, if they are optimizing their decision, which of the following represents their best choice?

Incorrect answer: b. a former candy store with a small prep area in a busy, discount outlet mall Possibly: e. a former cafe in a historic building surrounded by trendy restaurants and chic boutiques

Scenario B: The Oxford Corporation has introduced a new program called "Stay and Grow with Oxford." It has several different components. 1. The company operates in a rural area where there are few minority employees. It has set up regular meetings for its minority employees in the area to meet, exchange information about activities and housing options, and socialize.2. Since many of the managers are nearing retirement age, one component of the program pairs older managers with promising young minority managers in order to offer their youthful counterparts career advice and introduce them to the company's top management.3. Because members of some minority groups recognize holidays other than those celebrated by the majority, the company has introduced a flexible work system that allows these employees to take time off during their holidays. In Scenario B, the "Stay to Grow with Oxford" program appears to be designed to

Retain Employees

Which of the following countries is a member of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation Group?

Russia

The number of subordinates who report directly to an executive or supervisor is called the

Span of Control

Scenario B. PowerSounds Inc. is a manufacturer of audio equipment. The corporation has production, marketing, accounting, and finance departments. They have a department that makes speakers, turntables, and accessories for professional DJs, and a department that produces equipment for home use. Marlena works in the production department manufacturing speaker components. She reports to the production manager and her project manager. Emmanuel works in the accounting department and also manages public relations. The organization requires all the employees to wear the corporation's T-shirt as part of the uniform. There are also specific procedures that the employees must follow while manufacturing the instruments. From Scenario B, it can be inferred that Emmanuel is working in a _____ department.

Staff

The estimate an organization makes regarding the number and quality of its current employees and the availability of workers externally is called a(n)

Supply Analysis

______ refers to management of the network of facilities and people that obtain materials from the outside, transform them into products, and distributes the products to customers

Supply chain management

Which of the following is the best description of organizational culture?

a system of shared values about what is important and beliefs about how the world works

_____ is an advantage of using a group for decision making.

a. Intellectual stimulation

A human resources manager is considering changing her company's vacation policy. Before she makes a proposal to the senior executive team, she researches the vacation policies of other leading companies in her industry. This is an example of

a. benchmarking.

Scenario A. Marla's Basement is a small retail store that specializes in antique figurines and decorative knickknacks. In analyzing the environment, Marla has uncovered the following interesting findings: 1. Marla has recently purchased more inventory than in the past. The people from whom she buys are selling off more knickknacks because their children are not interested in this type of decorative items and they would prefer to liquidate unnecessary household items to help them with their daily expenses. 2. Marla discovered that her business is in a historical preservation district. As she considers remodeling the shop, she realized that she must pay attention to the guidelines set forth in the governing laws. 3. Marla's buyer-customer base seems to be changing. The tastes of the younger generation near her shop are shifting to modern decor, so the customer base to which she sells is shrinking. 4. Marla has been told that she should consider selling her inventory via the Internet, but she does not own (or understand how to use) a computer. 5. In reading a survey of regional business, Marla discovered that there are no other antique knickknack stores within 200 miles. Findings about changing customer preferences and others who sell antique knickknacks are associated with the

a. competitive environment as described by Porter.

Doreen has announced to her employees at the Cable Car Bakery that she is changing their pay structure in a way that she believes will benefit them in the long run. However, Taryn is not so convinced, and later she tells her coworkers that her sister's employer did something similar. "No matter what she says," Tayrn said regarding Doreen, "it's all about what benefits her." This is an example of _____, a cause for resistance to change.

a. different assessments

Terence supervises the shipping department of a book printer in South Carolina. He contacts trucking companies to arrange pickups, and he makes sure that his team members load cartons onto the correct trucks. Terence is a

a. frontline manager.

Functional strategies are those that are

a. implemented by each functional area of an organization to support the business strategy.

Which of the following groups is most likely to pay a premium for the latest and newest technology or product to come along and to champion it if it meets with their approval

a. innovators

knowledge management concerns developing which of the following resources of an organization?

a. its members' expertise, skills, wisdom and relations

Being self-reliant means individuals should

a. take full responsibility for themselves and their actions.

Scenario A. Marla's Basement is a small retail store that specializes in antique figurines and decorative knickknacks. In analyzing the environment, Marla has uncovered the following interesting findings: 1. Marla has recently purchased more inventory than in the past. The people from whom she buys are selling off more knickknacks because their children are not interested in this type of decorative items and they would prefer to liquidate unnecessary household items to help them with their daily expenses. 2. Marla discovered that her business is in a historical preservation district. As she considers remodeling the shop, she realized that she must pay attention to the guidelines set forth in the governing laws. 3. Marla's buyer-customer base seems to be changing. The tastes of the younger generation near her shop are shifting to modern decor, so the customer base to which she sells is shrinking. 4. Marla has been told that she should consider selling her inventory via the Internet, but she does not own (or understand how to use) a computer. 5. In reading a survey of regional business, Marla discovered that there are no other antique knickknack stores within 200 miles. When Marla read the survey of regional businesses, she was investigating

a. the competitive environment

Compliance-based ethics programs:

are designed by corporate counsel to prevent, detect, and punish legal violations.

Scenario D. Jimena works for a small company that makes nut butters from ingredients like cashews and macadamia nuts, and jams from mixtures of tropical fruits. She reports to the CFO. It is her job to predict the costs of raw materials for the next five years. She uses various research sources, including the news, to learn who the competitors are and what they have been doing. In fact, she subscribes to an analyst e-newsletter that tells her about crop availability and weather conditions all around the globe. Every month she develops a spreadsheet for her boss indicating the likely costs involved in a team that is investigating how to cut production costs. They have recently met with Spicy Sides, a company that produces jars of condiments. Spicy Sides is considered the top company in the condiment industry, especially in its knowledge of how to pack food products in jars. Jimena's team is comparing their processes to those of Spicy Sides to see how they might improve. The information Jimena is using to compete in a better way is called

b. competitive intelligence

Celeste is the manager of Classy Clutches, a store that sells designer purses. Celeste knows that the economy greatly affects her business. Therefore, she is developing alternative courses of action for each of the four possible economic outcomes that may occur over the next four to six years. In this scenario, Celeste is

b. generating contingency plans

An advantage of a virtual office is that it

b. gives employees access to whatever information they need from the company, whenever and wherever they need it

An invisible barrier that makes it difficult for certain groups, such as minorities and women, to move beyond a certain level in the organizational hierarchy is referred to as a(n)

b. glass ceiling

A rumor has been going around that Great Western Beef Co., Inc., is closing its packing plant in Lincoln, Nebraska. According to the rumor, a local health department official stopped a truck on its way through the front gate of the plant and discovered that is was full of dead cats. Subsequent investigation revealed that the company had been augmenting its alleged beef products with cat meat. As president of the company, Todd knows that this absurd-all except the part about the plant closing, which is a consequence of company restructuring. He and his chief information officer have dealt with damage control internally, but the issue still needs to be addressed with the public at large. Todd should

b. hold a press conference personally, announce that the plant is closing, and explain why without alluding to the rumor

The managers at EarthGreen Technology are currently developing strategies for the company's new products are setting objectives for its business units. These managers are engaging in the management function of

b. planning

Premium Water, a manufacturer of jet boats and related accessories, has designed its job positions to ensure that people are attracted to the organization, show up every day, and work hard while they are there. Yet most employees stay no longer than five years. In this case, the company should focus more on motivating their emplloyees to

b. remain in the organization

Managers at Pinecraft Furniture Co determined that there would be no end-of-year bonuses because sales were predicted to level off. Chris, a department manager, let his staff know that even high-performing employees would not get bonuses this year. This change limits Chris's _____ power

b. reward

Scenario C: Ricardo is the lead on a new project at work, and it is essential that he make a good impression on top management. He recently had his first staff meeting to solve a fairly large problem with the project, and it did not go well. The whole staff of 10 was there, which he thought would lead to buy-in from the group. Instead the group did not get much done in that meeting. Since the first meeting did not go well, Ricardo read several management books on working with groups and thought perhaps a longer meeting would allow time to explore several points of views. He chose a Friday afternoon so everyone could go home afterward and not have to rush off to other work appointments. To his surprise, the first idea he suggested was accepted by the group, and the meeting was over in no time. The group was most likely engaging in ______ so they could end the meeting and go home early.

b. satisficing

Scenario C. Creekside Robotics Corp provides free lunch to its employees every day The work environment is informal and friendly, which allows everyone to get to know each other. The company also holds a recreational event the last weekend of every month. Although the employees are all satisfied with these practices, the company implements a new incentive scheme to give cash rewards to employees who perform well. The company's goal is to keep its employees motivated. Which of the following needs is Creekside Robotics Corp. satisfying by providing a friendly work environment where everybody gets to know each other?

b. social

Which of the following is the best way to motivate a team

b. tying rewards to team performance

A human resources manager is considering changing her company's vacation policy. Before she makes a proposal to the senior executive team, she researches the vacation policies of other leading companies in her industry. This is an example of

benchmarking

Portland's Pizza,a chain of specialty pizzerias, periodically compare its quality and service levels to other successful restaurants in order to continually improve its own performance. This practice is known as?

benchmarking

How is immigration affecting U.S. demographics? A. It is increasing the diversity of the workforce. B. It is decreasing the number of workers. C. It is decreasing the number of consumers. D. It is making the educational levels of the workforce more similar. E. It is decreasing the amount of paperwork needed to hire workers.

A. It is increasing the diversity of the workforce.

Knowledge management concerns developing which of the following resources of an organization?

A. Its members' expertise, skills, wisdom, and relations

Dolly is a mid-level manager. Her supervisor wants her to take a tough stance with her employees. If Dolly cracks down on disciplinary issues, she will easily qualify for a bonus for adhering to the employee discipline system supported by her supervisor, and she knows he will quickly give her the bonus as an incentive for other supervisors to follow the same steps. Dolly is a bit concerned that the new program is too restrictive of the employees' ability to individualize their work, and even though it will streamline the production process, she feels certain it will ultimately lead to lower output by restricting the creativity and motivation of her workers. Dolly knows which employees are violating procedures and exactly how she could implement the plan to get her bonus. Nonetheless, Dolly is not really motivated to enact the new discipline plan. What factor is causing Dolly to lack motivation

c. Dolly feels the negative consequences of the new program outweigh the benefits

Scenario C. Parker Brothers is a high-end furniture manufacturer located in the Midwest. Mr. Herbert "Bud" Parker started the firm as a young man in the 1960s. The firm has grown, but with growth, it has never forgotten the vision of Mr. Parker: to be creative in all that the firm does while rewarding employees who show innovation and entrepreneurial leadership. Each year the Budding Genius Award is given to the employee who comes up with the best design or marketing idea. New employees are told of the organization's history of product innovation and are taken on a tour of the "Wall of Parker Legends," where pictures of outstanding employees are hung with descriptions of their accomplishments. Managers at the firm encourage their team members to take risks in proposing new ideas. The company prides itself on its product leadership. Which of the following is an example of passing along organization culture through the stories people tell?

c. Wall of Parker Legends

A set of perceptions of what employees owe their employers and what their employers owe them is known as

c. a psychological contract

In a boundaryless organization

c. barriers to communication are turned into permeable membranes

An outcome of environmental scanning is _____, which is the information necessary to decide how best to manage in a given competitive environment.

c. competitive intelligence

A set of leader characteristics that reflect a high lever of effort and a high need for achievement is identified as

c. drive

Scenario A. Luna is a manufacturer of fashion jewelry. The company has been operating for the past decade and is well known. When the CEO, Aimee, was asked by a local newspaper during an interview about the secret to her success, she stated that there were several reasons. She makes sure that the company always introduces new styles of jewelry to suit changes in tastes and stay a step ahead of her competitors, and the company offers its customers the best by using fine-quality semiprecious stones in artful settings. She also stated that the company's salespersons cater to customers individually to help them purchase jewelry appropriate for their personal style. Luna has its own exclusive website, which can be accessed anywhere in the world, and customers are promised that they will get what they order within 36 hours.

c. interpersonal skills

Which of the following statements is true of the sources of competitive advantage?

c. it is possible to improve quality and also enhance speed

The alrgest unemployed minority population in the United States is _____. Less than 20 perrcent of people in this group are employed, compared with more than 60 percent for the population as a whole.

c. people with disabilities

Scenario D: Chazz and Hayden are the marketing managers of two different branches of Edwards & Ashton Restaurant Supply. While preparing to submit his monthly sales report, Chazz realizes that his sales executives have consistently failed to reach their monthly targets, and he immediately announces to his team that they will have to work weekends until they reach their quota. On the other hand, due to changes he implemented earlier, Hayden's team members have been able to achieve their monthly targets. Hayden's team members have been able to achieve their monthly targets due to changes he implemented earlier. This is an example of _____ change.

c. proactive

Scenario D: As a career development specialist with a large multinational corporation, Jose Diego speaks with young managers regularly about furthering their own leadership development. Patterned after what Jose Diego learned in his first management course, he gives them three pieces of advice for effective developmental experiences: 1. First, instead of always taking the familiar path, try something that is a little uncomfortable and new for you. 2. Second, think about what has been successful for you and what has not. Ask your peers, supervisors, colleagues, and customers for feedback to clarify what you need to improve or change. 3. Finally, make sure you have a network of individuals who are willing to "talk you through" when things are tough. In his third piece of advice, Diego is referring to which of the following key components for effective developmental experiences

c. support

In order to give employees exposure and experience in line jobs so as to make senior management positions more attainable, companies offer

career development programs.

Margarita works for a small company that deals with processed and canned tomatoes and other vegetables. She reports to the CFO. It is her job to predict the costs of raw material for the next five years. She uses various research sources, including the news, to learn who the competitors are and what they have been doing. In fact, she subscribes to analyst e-newsletter that tells her about crop availability and weather conditions all around the globe. Every month she develops a spreadsheet for her boss indicating the likely costs of vegetables given the type of weather conditions expected in each area of the world and thus the availability of particular crops. She is also involved in a team that is investigating how to cut canning cost. They have recently met with Good Cans, a company that manufactures and cans tennis balls. Good Cans is considered the top company in the canning industry, especially in canning process knowledge. Margarita's team is comparing their processes of those of Good Cans to see how they might improve. The information Margarita is using to compete in a better way is called __________?

competitive intelligence

No one at Iconoclast Interiors liked the company's new website, which was a serious problem because the firm marketed itself as an expert in design. The president, Moriah, assembled the team, solicited feedback, and found help in making improvements. The ability to identify this problem and resolve it is an effective use of _____ skills.

conceptual and decision

If a baby food manufacture purchases a camping equipment company, which type of corporate strategy would this be exemplify?

conglomerate diversification

Percy Accessories specializes in shoes and handbags. Recently, it has decided to add to its business units by opening a bank downtown near its original location. This strategy is an example of ____________?

conglomerate diversification

Anna excels at identifying the talents of employees and finding the jobs where they can best use those talents to benefit the organization. Anna excels at _____ management.

A. Knowledge

The formal structure of an organization is primarily put in place to

control people, decisions, and actions.

Through careful monitoring of the financial budgets of a firm, managers can detect potential problems in reaching their financial goals and take actions to reverse the problem. This is an example of the _____ function of management.

controlling

A unique skill or knowledge an organization possesses that gives it an edge over competitors is called a

core capability

What is Web 2.0?

A. Social networking sites that allow users to publish and share information

FoodieZ, a fast food manufacturer, changed the packaging of its sandwiches to minimize waste. Additionally, it uses recycled paper to bag its products. FoodieZ states that these actions make the earth a "better place to eat." In this scenario, FoodieZ is participating in _____.

corporate social responsibility

From the beginning, the intent of affirmative action was to

correct for the long history of discriminatory practices and exclusion.

Diseconomies of scale refers to the

costs associated with an organization being too big.

Scenario C: Tidewater, Inc., requires its job applicants to take a test that measures their vocabulary and numerical skills. For specific jobs, the company also requires its applicants to perform a sample of the job. Before implementing the tests, the management analyzes how well the test actually correlates and predicts job performance. When Tidewater needed to downsize, the company helped employees who were laid off to get placed in other organizations, and immediate supervisors talked to the employees about the reasons for their dismissal.By analyzing how well the test correlates and predicts job performance, the management is focusing on

criterion-related validity.

Jorge supervises the shipping department of a manufacturing company in Chicago. He contacts trucking companies to arrange pickups, and he makes sure that his team members load cartons onto the correct trucks. Jorge is a

A. frontline manager.

Lower-level managers who supervise the operational activities of an organization are known as: A. frontline managers. B. middle managers. C. top-level managers. D. tactical managers. E. strategic managers.

A. frontline managers.

Production, human resources, marketing, research and development, finance, and distribution are considered a company's _____ areas. A. functional B. strategic C. tactical D. business E. service

A. functional

Raja, the CEO of Perfect Paper Products, Inc., wants to perform an assessment of the company and research ways to improve profitability. First, Raja determines that while Perfect Paper Products has skilled, dedicated workers and ample space in their production facility, the company's manufacturing equipment is inefficient and prone to breaking down. What is another step Raj might take if his focus is on the first two letters of a SWOT analysis?

d. He could assess Perfect Paper Products' procedures in light of efficiency and manufacturing costs.

The Southern Educational Technology Alliance has begun a new system of allocating costs according to the tasks their employees perform and the amount of time they spend on the particular tasks. This practice is referred to as

d. activity-based costing

Max is manager of the local Zesty Sam's, a fast-food restaurant. His store has consistently underperformed the national average for the chain, and now word has come down from on high that he needs to make some major changes if he wants to keep his job. He has analyzed the situation and knows that the problem comes from the workforce, which is composed primarily of teenagers. Most of them tend to be blase when it comes to following instructions, and many seem more interested in elaborate jokes and pranks than in getting the job done. The best way for Max to bring about the changes he needs is to tell his employees what needs to be done and then inform them that

d. anyone who fails to comply with his instructions will be fired within two weeks

According to the Hackman and Oldham model, the best way to design an enriched job in which employees experience responsibility for the outcome of the work is to provide

d. autonomy

As managers lead into the future, _____ is a key to sustained success

d. collaboration

A firm's _____ includes its rivals, suppliers, customers, new entrants, substitutes, and complementary products.

d. competitive environment

A fast-food restaurant chain, specializing in fried chicken, adds fried shrimp to its menu. Based on the given information, which of the following corporate strategies is the restaurant following?

d. concentration strategy

Which of the following controls takes place before operations begin

d. feedforward control

According to Herzberg's theory, the two factors that affect people working on their jobs are categorized into

d. hygiene factors and motivators

In order to listen effectively, you should

d. keep your mind open

Strategic planning involves making decisions about an organization's

d. long-term goals

Strategic planning involves making decisions about an organization's

d. long-term goals.

Radical Returns Inc., a company that prepares individual tax returns, has finally agreed to utilize the IRS system that enables returns to be transmitted electronically rather than through mail. Almost every other firm in the United States is utilizing the system because it has been proven reliable. The company has accepted the new technology only after a number of threats of account withdrawal from key customers. For this reason, the company would be classified as

d. part of the late majority

Debra and her top managers are choosing the goals that Debra's company should achieve and deciding to advance the appropriate actions needed to achieve those goals. What are they doing?

d. planning

The actions or means managers intend to use to achieve organizational goals are called

d. plans

The actions or means managers intend to use to achieve organizational goals are called

d. plans.

Managing diversity involves a _____ approach to the issue of diversity in the workplace

d. positive, proactive

In communication theory, perception is the process of

d. receiving and interpreting information

The level of planning that involves the least amount of details is

d. strategic planning.

Programs that focus on identifying and reducing hidden biases against people with differences and developing the skills needed to manage a varied workforce is known as ______ training.

diversity training

_____ control involves creating relationships based on mutual respect and encouraging each individual to take responsibility for his or her actions

e. Clan

According to Simon's bounded rationality, which of the following factors prevents decision makers from being truly rational?

e. People, including those in the same organization, have conflicting goals

Managers who optimize their decisions will attempt to

e. achieve the best possible balance among several goals.

Referent power is described as the power that exists through having

e. appealing personal characteristics

While doing an external audit of a potential distribution partner. Tyrone uncovered some serious legal problems that could cause trouble for his company if it goes through with the deal. Tyrone's external audit provided essential _____ control

e. feedback

According to W. Edwards Deming's 14 points of quality, managers should

eliminate slogans and buzzwords.

Which of the following has been identified as a factor that contributes to unethical behavior?

emphasizing short-term revenues over long-term considerations

After being hired by Genevieve Bourdeaux Cosmetics Company, Ileana was encouraged to attend a meeting with other minority employees to discuss the challenges and opportunities at the company. Ileana found the meeting helpful because other members coached her about the norms and culture of the organization. This in turn enabled her to adjust more quickly and effectively. This program is an example of a(n)

employee support group.

Once a solution to a problem is chosen, the next phase in the decision-making process involves

evaluating alternatives

Once managers have selected goals and plans, they are required to _____________?

experiment the designed plans

Abila's family, which recently moved to the United States from Lebanon, is highly skilled in working with leather goods. They had a small manufacturing and distribution company back home, and they have decided to start a new company in the midwestern city where they now live. Abila's organizational and leadership abilities have made her a natural choice to run the venture, Levantine Leather Goods, and at first business is good. Levantine soon develops a reputation for personalized service, and customers know that special orders are never a problem. However, Abila and her company soon face stiff competition from Allied Equipment Supply, a nationwide retail chain that sells leather goods, among other items, as prices significantly lower than those charged by Levantine. In order to effectively compete, Abila's company should

focus on providing quality goods in a timely fashion to niche markets.

Top-level managers focus on: A. long-term survival of an organization. B. translating goals and objectives into specific activities. C. managing frontline managers. D. supervising nonmanagement employees. E. initiating new daily activities.

A. long-term survival of an organization.

Henry was having a few friends over for dinner, many of whom Henry knew from an international management association. Henry's company provides services to create detailed maps of world areas from satellites, which the firm then sells via the Internet to firms, countries, and others around the world. One of his guests, Tamia, bakes cakes for a living. Her recipes are so well liked that her company has grown dramatically. She has just sold the right to manufacture her cakes to a firm in eastern Alpland. Another friend, Chang, is a director at InSpiral, and his wife, Chloe, has contracted with the breakfast chain Flapjack Frank's to open a branch in their state, bearing all the preliminary expenses and development costs. Chang also announced that InSpiral and another company, McElwee's, are starting a new venture. Finally, Kamala works for New Frontier technologies, which is headquartered in her home country, and is soon to go abroad to work in New Frontier's new facility, which is an independent company that New Frontier owns and controls in another country. The guests were discussing how their companies decided to "go global." In Scenario B, Flapjack Frank's engages in _____ to participate in the global marketplace.

franchising

Social capital is the

goodwill stemming from your social relationships.

Which of the following is an example of a potential substitute product

hand sanitizer for hand soap

Outplacement involves

helping laid off workers find other employment

Scenario C: The production manager at RJ Fabrics Inc., s clothing manufacturing company, has proposed replacing some of the equipment on its production line with newer technology. The chief executive officer (CEO) insists on comparing the company's current technology with that being used by other organizations to decide what new technology should be considered. However, the chief technology officer (CTO) thinks that the company should look ahead and consider a new technology that is under development. He also raises the issue of whether the company should go to an outside firm or try to develop the technology itself. The CEO of RJ Fabrics is focused on comparing the company's current technology with that of other organizations. This is known as

incorrect answer: a. scanning

Scenario E: Greg is the finance manager of Magical Messages Corp. a communication and information technology corporation. His department is working on enforcing some financial controls on the organization. Greg assigns different tasks to his team members. Stacey's task is to give him a present financial picture of the company Pete's task is to give him the values of various items the company owns Julio's task is to give him a report on the amount the company owes to various creditors. Finally, Gretchen's task is to prepare a report on the amount accruing to the corporation's owners. On which of the following will Julio be working?

incorrect answer: b. assets

Scenario A. Luna is a manufacturer of fashion jewelry. The company has been operating for the past decade and is well known. When the CEO, Aimee, was asked by a local newspaper during an interview about the secret to her success, she stated that there were several reasons. She makes sure that the company always introduces new styles of jewelry to suit changes in taste and stay a step ahead of her competitors, and the company offers its customers the best by using fine-quality semiprecious stones in artful settings. She also stated that the company's salespersons cater to customers individually to help them purchase jewelry appropriate for their personal style. Luna has its own exclusive website, which can be accessed anywhere in the world, and customers are promised that they will get what they order within 36 hours. Which of the following fundamental success drivers of performance has Aimee achieved by ensuring that every customer has a salesperson to advise him or her while choosing jewelry?

incorrect answer: e. innovation

Scenario D. Luxe Slumber is a company that produces high-quality mattresses. Omar, the CEO, makes all the business deals for the company. He negotiates with suppliers and gets new customers and business for the company. Charles communicates his vision for the company and what he would like it to achieve to Ana, who lays out plans to make possible the execution of that vision. Ana delegates the work accordingly by communicating to the sales and production managers Omar's vision and what he requires of them. Irving, a floor manager, makes sure that the workers do their jobs at the required pace to meet the targets and goals of the company. By creating objectives and communicating them to the rest of the organization, Ana is performing the function of a(n) _____ manager

incorrect answer: strategic

Which of the following best refers to a company mechanism designed to instill in people a personal responsibility for ethical behavior?

integrity-based ethics programs

Scenario A: As a consultant to a customer service facility, Hans Hiroko is conducting a leadership training seminar. He encourages several managers who are present to describe their success as leaders.Stewart Sanjit says that he is successful because when he tells his subordinates to do something, they do it because he is the boss, and that is that.Kim Kaley explains that she can get her employees to do what she wants because they like her and they want her to like them.Jorge Mikal feels that his employees are cooperative because they realize that he knows more about how their jobs are done than anybody else in the plant.Sara Lindsay says that all the others should use her secret: "If I can't get someone to work, I just take away their leave privileges and that corrects that problem!"Scott Feargal gets more work from his team by getting the upper management to sanction incentives to the top performers of the month.Which of the following types of power does Sanjit exhibit?

legitimate power

Strategic goals are

major targets related to the long-term survival, value, and growth of an organization

Middle level managers

managers located in the middle layers of the organizational hierarchy, reporting to top level managers

Leo's company produces a high volume of bicycle helmets, yet they come in a high variety of distinctive styles. The company is engaging in

mass customization

Titles such as assistant manager and supervisor typically belong to the _____ level of management.

operational

Purple Technology is a communication and information technology corporation. The company makes it a point to stress to its employees that innovation is its core strength. The employees even get an hour a day to brainstorm and come up with out-of-box ideas. This highlights the ______ of the company?

organizational culture

Advocates of corporate social responsibility argue that:

organizations have a wider range of responsibilities that extend beyond the production of goods and services at a profit.

Which of the following functions of management is described as building a dynamic organization?

organizing

Scenario D: Theo, Diana, and Teddy, who work for different organizations, are comparing the diversity makeup of their respective companies. Theo states that in his workplace there are few minority employees and most of them have low-status jobs. In contrast, Diana states that her company values diversity and seeks tofully integrate gender, racial, and minority group members, both formally and informally. Finally, Teddy states that his organization also has a diverse workforce and that it uses affirmative action to manage it; however, he says that most minority employees are placed in similar job positions. When Teddy says that the company he works for has a diverse workforce and uses affirmative action to manage it, but that most minority employees are placed in similar job positions, he is describing a _____ organization.

pluralistic

Afonso is a customer service representative who determines his work behavior solely on whether he thinks he can do actions without receiving immediate punishment from his boss. According to Kohlberg, which of the following stages of moral development does Afonso's behavior exemplify?

preconventional stage

Venus was a lost cost airline that was functional in the 1980s. Industry analyst state that although Venus was able to provide all the services the customers wanted, it was thrown out of business because of aggressive pricing from larger airline firms. Which of the following aspects of the competitive environment does this scenario illustrate?

rivals

Jeremy is the lead on a new project at work, and it is essential that he make a good impression on top management. He recently had his first staff meeting to solve fairly large problem with the project, and it didn't go well. The whole staff of 10 was there, which he thought would lead to buy in from the group. Instead the group didn't get much done in that meeting. Since the first meeting didn't go well, Jeremy read several management books on working with groups and thought perhaps a longer meeting would allow time to explore several points of view. He chose a Friday afternoon so everyone could go home afterward and not have to rush to other work appointments. To his surprise, the first idea he suggested was accepted by the group, and the meeting was over in no time. The group was most likely engaging in ________ so they could end the meeting and go home early.

satisficing

Scenario E. The top management of EatWell, a snack food manufacturer, sits down for an annual meeting. The chairperson, Janelle, wants to create processes that will help the company interact with customers and gather knowledge of their wants, needs, and buying patterns. She also wants to improve internal quality management by using some ideas from Deming's "14 points" theory. The president of the company, Lee, wants to use an approach to management that helps to attain customer satisfaction through tools that deliver high-quality goods. The senior managers put forward the idea that the organization should adopt a method to analyze the causes of defects in products that need to be eliminated to improve customer satisfaction. In order to fulfill senior management's aim of adopting a method to analyze the causes of defects in products that need to be eliminated to improve customer satisfaction, the company might consider a quality initiative such as

six sigma.

As a regional manager for Prism Paints, Fiona spends most of her time training new sales managers and making sure that information coming from headquarters reaches the company's branches. In this case, Fiona would best be described as a(n) _____ manager.

tactical

Scenario D: The legal advisor of Carsten Financial Services informed the human resources (HR) manager that he had noticed a list of problems occurring in the human resources area of the organization. He submitted a report containing three issues of great concern 1. The men in the organization earn an average of 10 percent more than the women in the same jobs with the same performance levels. 2. Several women in clerical positions report that after announcing they were pregnant, they were taken off the company's health care plan and encouraged to quit. However, men with medical conditions were kept on the health care plan with no risk of being asked to quit. 3. Several employees who qualify for overtime are not being paid overtime rates. In statement 3, which of the following laws is the organization most likely violating?

the Fair Labor Standards Act

Scenario B. Jose, a student, studied the different models of the e-commerce market and gathered some information on a few companies using Internet commerce. Thrill.com charges its customers a fee for its goods and services. Reports.com asks its clients to pay a fee to use the site for promotions of their products and to gain demographics. Xyrotech Inc. pays Gen-Platforum.com a commission to launch promotions on websites associated with it. Corpbuzz.com, a newspaper website, provides access to its services by charging customers a monthly fee.Which of the following business models does Corpbuzz.com utilize?

the subscription model

Acme Products uses wind power, adheres to global warming standards, designs packages that minimize repackaging, keeps chemicals within the production cycle, and uses large amounts of tin from Peru. Which of the following prevents Acme Products from being a cradle-to-cradle operation?

the use of nonrenewable resources

Integrative mechanisms that aid group problem solving, information sharing, and cooperation across business functions are all necessary for

total quality management.

Corporate social responsibility is defined as the obligation

toward society assumed by business.

A(n) _____ has five higher goals that balance self-interest with responsibility to others.

transcendent education

The _____ model allows managers to "think globally but act locally," pursuing local responsiveness, transfer of know-how, and cost economies simultaneously.

transnational

Once a year at the annual employee meeting, the president of Federated Finance reminds all his employees of his belief that there are certain values everyone can agree on, such as honesty, fairness, and respect for life. Which ethical system does the president believe in?

universalism

Which ethical system states that the greatest good for the greatest number should be the overriding concern of decision makers?

utilitarianism

Which of the following corporate strategy is being employed when a large grocery store builds a bakery in which all of the store- brand bread, rolls, and pastries are baked and then sold in the store?

vertical intergration

The behavioral approach to leadership attempts to identify

what good leaders do, that is, what behaviors they exhibit.

Which of the following best describes contingency plans?

They are a set of actions to be taken when events in the external requires a sudden change

Which of the following is true of inpatriates?

They may be even more neglected, because American company managers see American customs as normal.

The set of practices aimed at discovering and harnessing an organization's intellectual resources is known as _____. A. Web 2.0 B. competitive advantage C. cost competitiveness D. knowledge management E. quality

D. knowledge management

To behave ethically, an individual will require:

D. moral character

_____ refers to the principles, rules, and values people use in deciding what is right or wrong.

D. moral philosophy

Titles such as sales manager and supervisor typically belong to the _____ level of management. A. strategic B. middle C. primary D. operational E. tactical

D. operational

The actions or means managers intend to use to achieve organizational goals are called A. visions. B. scenarios. C. benchmarks. D. plans. E. missions.

D. plans.

A mechanism used for promoting open job positions internally is known as a _____ system.

Job-Posting

Utilitarianism is centered around the idea that:

the greatest good for the greatest number should be the overriding concern of decision makers.

Mark works for a new start up marketing consulting firm. There are five opinionated but very committed employees in his group. The owner of the firm, Phil, strongly believes that he should make every decision since he is the boss. But Phil often jumps to conclusions and doesn't even take the time to diagnose the problem at hand because he does not like to ask any of the employees for suggestions, Moreover, Phil's decisions are usually focused on short term benefits and costs rather than that of long-term. At this point, most people in the firm agree that the firm agree that the decision making of the owner is going to destroy the young firm before it really gets started. Suppose the owner tells Mark that the reason he makes every decision himself is because he believes that he will be able to influence everything that happens in the business. The unrealistic view is called?

the illusion of control

For today's managers, opportunities are greater because

the movement toward free trade has opened up many formerly protected national markets.

What is ethnocentrism?

the practice of judging others by the standards of one's own culture, which are seen as superior

The ethical climate of an organization refers to

the processes by which decisions are evaluated and made on the basis of right and wrong.

Offshoring is appropriate for a business when

the product is widely available

Emotional intelligence can best be defined as

the skills of understanding oneself, managing oneself, and dealing effectively with others.

What is human capital?

the strategic value of employee knowledge and abilities

Which of the following entry modes for global expansion is the most costly, but allows a company to have tight control over its operations overseas?

wholly owned subsidiaries

Thunderbolt Gaming Systems of San Jose, California, operates in a number of related fields, including computer gaming, virtual reality, simulation platforms, and other high-tech applications. In all likelihood, Thunderbolt Gaming Systems is an organization

with a high degree of differentiation.

In a recent experiment, employers were less likely to invite the fictional candidate for an interview when the résumé implied the candidate was a parent-but only if the name was female. This suggests that people make assumptions about ________ that do not apply to other types of job candidates.

women with children

Which of the following benefits is required by law?

workers' compensation

Businesses using a low-cost strategy attempt to offer a

e. no-frills product at a low price

Which of the following is a danger sign that organizations may be allowing or even encouraging unethical behavior?

failure to establish a written code of ethics

Which of the following is the biggest cause of failure of overseas managers?

family issues

Speed

fast and timely execution, response, and delivery of results

To be successful, partners in a strategic alliance must pay the most attention to the _____ the partnership.

human relationships in the

Lyle is the CEO of an international hotel chain. Lyle is most likely to focus on

long-term survival of the organization.

Front-line Managers

lower level managers who supervise the operational activities of the organizational

In organizations that use continuous process technologies,

machines and/or computers do all the work.

Marc is on the fast track to become an executive in his company. As he advances, he will most likely have less and less need of his _____ skills.

technical

Pedro is on the fast track to become an executive in his company. As he advances, he will most likely have less and less need of his _____ skills.

technical

Among the support activities in the generic value chain is

technology development.

A whistleblower is a person who

tells others that wrongdoing has occurred

Which of the following is a major exporter of petroleum, or oil?

the Middle East

The practice followed by some companies of moving jobs to another country is called _____. A. offshoring B. outsourcing C. inshoring D. insourcing E. offsourcing

A. offshoring

_____ is defined as the excellence of a product.

B. Quality

The planning function in the new business environment can also be described more dynamically as

B. delivering strategic value.

_____ is the introduction of new goods and services.

C. Innovation

Which of the following statements is true of the sources of competitive advantage?

C. It is possible to improve quality and also enhance speed.

Which of the following skills are more important during the beginning of a person's career? A. Conceptual skills B. Decision skills C. Technical skills D. Entrepreneurial skills E. Statistical skills

C. Technical skills

____ is a philosophy that bases ethical behavior on the opinions and behaviors of relevant other people.

C. relativism

Which of the following is one of Kohlberg's stages of cognitive moral development?

D. principled

In what way has the Internet made cost competitiveness a more important consideration for businesses?

E. Consumers can more easily compare prices online.

Skill building, one of the two components of diversity training, is primarily designed to teach ______ skills.

Interpersonal

As part of a team, the _____ is someone who stays abreast of current information in scientific and other fields and informs the group of important developments

b. gatekeeper

The focus of the original leader member exchange theory is primarily on the leader behaviors historically considered to be

b. group maintenance

Fatima recently got promoted to a managerial role in a bureaucratic organization. The industry was changing dramatically, and Fatima suggested that the management team encourage employees to develop confidence by giving them some control and authority in order to create a more flexible, adaptable organization. Here, Fatima is suggesting the use of _____ with employees.

c. empowerment

A common problem with downward communication in an organization is

c. filtering

_____ is the largest source of imports to the United States.

china

The three requirements for effective group decision making are an appropriate leadership style, the constructive use of disagreement and conflict, and the enhancement of

creativity

Which of the following statements about six sigma is true?

d. Six sigma indicates how often defects in a process are likely to occcur

For gay employees in many work environments, something as simple as ____ can cause considerable anxiety

e. displaying photos of loved ones on their desks

To be _____ is to achieve organizational goals.

effective

Which of the following roles involves searching for new business opportunities and initiating new projects to create change?

entrepreneur

Mykal's company used to have one of its clothing lines manufactured by an outside supplier. That line is now manufactured at a new factory built by Mykal's company. This change is an example of

insourcing

A disadvantage of franchising internationally is the

loss of control over quality

Innovation

the introduction of new goods and services

About one in ________ U.S. residents is a minority, but the U.S. Census Bureau projects that by 2044 members of "minority" groups will constitute a majority of the U.S. population.

three

Scenario A: An insurance company faces an ethical dilemma. A faulty computer program designed to evaluate insurance claims has been denying a high number of valid claims. A meeting has been arranged where senior management would decide how to handle the situation. The people at the table have varying views of what action to take and why.Han wants to report the error and reimburse the affected customers immediately because he believes he could end up being fired if the company's reputation suffers because of the issue.Jamila wants to report the error because it is the honest thing to do, and therefore necessary.After hearing his colleagues' opinions, Keith says he is willing to do whatever the more experienced managers in the group recommend.Several other managers believe the company should correct the problem going forward but not do anything about the customers who lost out on past payments.Which of the following best describes the ethical system used by Jamila to make her decision?

universalism

Surveys show that ________ are the way most job positions get filled.

word-of-mouth recommendations

What caused Mexico to emerge as the third-largest trading partner of the United States? A. NAFTA B. The World Trade Organization C. APEC D. The International Monetary Fund E. ASEAN

A. NAFTA

The chief executive officer, company president, and the chief operating officer are all examples of _____ managers.

A. strategic

The chief executive officer, company president, and the chief operating officer are all examples of _____ managers. A. strategic B. tactical C. operational D. frontline E. regional

A. strategic

Integrity-based ethics programs involve _____.

C. a set of guiding principles

_____ is specifying the goals to be achieved and deciding in advance the appropriate actions needed to achieve those goals. A. Staffing B. Forecasting C. Organizing D. Planning E. Reporting

D. Planning

Which level of the pyramid of global corporate social responsibility and performance represents a company's efforts to be a good global corporate citizen, such as supporting community programs?

D. philanthropic responsibility

Ahmed's job with a communication company involves maintaining the relationship between it and the community. This involves interacting with local organizations to find those who are unemployed and actively seeking work in order to assist them by providing phone cards for use in their job search. In this scenario, Ahmed performs the role of a(n)

Liaison

How is immigration affecting U.S. demographics?

a. It is increasing the diversity of the workforce.

Which of the following statements about tactical planning is true?

a. Tactical plans have a medium time horizon and contain a medium level of detail.

Contingency plans include sets of actions to be taken when

a. a company's initial plans have not worked out well.

Conditions that may prevent new firms from entering an industry are referred to as

a. barriers to entry

Real-time information is information that

a. is obtained with little or no delay.

Removing or withholding an undesirable consequence is called

a. negative reinforcement

Paolo has been offered jobs at two different retail companies and needs to decide which one to accept. Which of the following can be a useful clue about each organization's culture?

a. the way employees interact with customers

The most accurate definition of a performance gap is the difference between

a. what is and what could be

Jose delegates an important project to Andrea, but he tells her that he expects regular reports and that he will take over the work if she falls behind or does not produce quality results. This is an example of

accountability.

Emotional disagreement directed toward other people is known as

b. affective conflict.

An important component of time-based competition is

concurrent engineering.

What term is used to describe all the relevant forces outside an organization's boundaries?

external environment

Organic firms are ______ changing competitive demands.

faster at responding to

Structurally, a high-involvement organization is usually

flat and decentralized

In the future, _____ business organizations will be the most effective.

flexible

In managing resistance to organizational changes, facilitation and support mean

incorrect answer: b. giving a resisting individual a role in the change process

_____ firms have cultures that are the most outward-looking and opportunistic in their approach to technological innovation

incorrect answer: e.. Analyzer

What do people in the preconventional stage of Kohlberg's model of cognitive moral development base their decisions on?

rewards and punishment

According to Kohlberg's model of cognitive moral development, people in the principled stage

see beyond authority, laws, and norms and follow their self-chosen ethical principles.

What is the goal of ecocentric management?

to create sustainable economic development and improvement of quality of life worldwide for all organizational stakeholder

Henry was having a few friends over for dinner, many of whom Henry knew from an international management association. Henry's company provides services to create detailed maps of world areas from satellites, which the firm then sells via the Internet to firms, countries, and others around the world. One of his guests, Tamia, bakes cakes for a living. Her recipes are so well liked that her company has grown dramatically. She has just sold the right to manufacture her cakes to a firm in eastern Alpland. Another friend, Chang, is a director at InSpiral, and his wife, Chloe, has contracted with the breakfast chain Flapjack Frank's to open a branch in their state, bearing all the preliminary expenses and development costs. Chang also announced that InSpiral and another company, McElwee's, are starting a new venture. Finally, Kamala works for New Frontier technologies, which is headquartered in her home country, and is soon to go abroad to work in New Frontier's new facility, which is an independent company that New Frontier owns and controls in another country. The guests were discussing how their companies decided to "go global." Based on Scenario B, New Frontier wants to use _____ to participate in the global marketplace.

wholly owned subsidiaries

knowledge workers

workers whose primary contributions are ideas and problem solving expertise

Compliance-based ethics programs are typically designed by _____.

A. corporate counsel

Which of the following statements about the Sarbanes-Oxley Act is true?

B. It requires strict adherence to accounting rules

_____ is defined as the excellence of a product. A. Innovation B. Quality C. Demand D. Value E. Reliability

B. Quality

What are demographics? A. Trends regarding how the people within a society think and behave B. Conditions that prevent new companies from entering an industry C. Measures of various characteristics of the people who make up social units D. The fixed costs that buyers face if they change suppliers E. The lack of information needed to understand or predict the future

C. Measures of various characteristics of the people who make up social units

_____ is the ethical system stating that all people should uphold certain values that society needs to function.

C. universalism

Which of the following is true of speed as a success driver of organizational performance?

D. It separates the winners from the losers.

The Caux Principles are based on two ethical ideals:

D. Kyosei and human dignity

A failure to develop a strategy that incorporates _____ may doom a firm to obsolescence. A. hierarchical bureaucracy B. many layers of middle management C. classic production methods D. technological advances E. closed communication systems

D. technological advances

Scenario D: Theo, Diana, and Teddy, who work for different organizations, are comparing the diversity makeup of their respective companies. Theo states that in his workplace there are few minority employees and most of them have low-status jobs. In contrast, Diana states that her company values diversity and seeks tofully integrate gender, racial, and minority group members, both formally and informally. Finally, Teddy states that his organization also has a diverse workforce and that it uses affirmative action to manage it; however, he says that most minority employees are placed in similar job positions. Theo's place of work, where there are few minority employees and most of them have low-status jobs, is most likely a _____ organization.

Monolithic

Knowledge management

Practices aimed at discovering and harnessing an organization's intellectual resources

According to Kohlberg's model of cognitive moral development, people in which of the following stages tend to make decisions based on rewards and punishments and immediate self-interest?

Preconventional stage

Shannon is a marketing agent who determines his work behavior solely on whether he thinks he can do them without receiving immediate punishment from his boss. According to Kohlberg, which of the following stages of moral development does Shannon's behavior exemplify?

Preconventional stage

Keiko, an executive recruiter at multinational corporation Magellan Industries, is interviewing candidates to head up the company's new manufacturing division in Seoul. The selected candidate will be expected to move to Seoul for two years. Niko, who majored in International Management, is 24, single, and has been with the company for five years. He can be loud and over-confident, but is smart and open to feedback. Vashti is 29 and is married to Brian, a Korean-American manager in a different division of Magellan. She has been with the company less than a year. Qasim is 38, has been with the company for 11 years, and his wife owns a successful small business in their town. Keiko needs to narrow the list down to two. Who should she eliminate, based on the factors that lead to failure in overseas assignments?

Qasim, because his wife will have to give up her business, raising the likelihood that she will feel dissatisfied with the move

Which type of diversification involves moving into businesses that are related to the company's original core business?

a. concentric

Answer Smart Inc. plans to make a new mobile phone that would use a retina scanner to unlock the phone. However, the company does not implement the plan as it realizes that the costs involved are too high. Which of the following factors while making a technology decision has Answer Smart Inc. taken into consideration

a. economic viability

The Bureau of Labor Statistics projects that there will a short supply of _____ workers in the future

a. entry-level

Which of the following statements about international markets is true?

b. incomes are rising and demand is increasing

In Hersey and Blanchard's situational theory, job maturity refers to the

b. level of the follower's skills and technical knowledge relative to the task being performed

Scenario A: Alexis, the manager of Full Circle Fitness, has several decisions to make as the week begins. She always comes in early on Mondays to sift through the paperwork on her desk and decide what needs to be done for the week and in which order. The following are decisions facing Alexis this week: 1. Giving two personal trainers raises based on the company's policy for wage increases 2. Determining whether or not to open a facility in a new market to target more customers 3. Interviewing applicants for two open part-time fitness instructor positions and hiring them 4. Providing input to the owner on a possible upgrade to the elliptical machines currently in use In Scenario A, Alexis's decision regarding the raises for two personal trainers can best be classified as a _____ decision.

b. programmed

Goodwill stemming from social relationships is called

b. social capital.

When Chung told the people on his team that they would be moving to a different floor and getting a whole new office setup in three days, he expected them to be thrilled. Instead they grumbled that they did not have enough time to pack everything up and get moved. Chung has just encountered a form of resistance to change that is rooted in

b. surprise

Shelly works in the electronics unit of Ash Computers. She receives a request from Mandy, who works in the monitor display unit of Ash Computer, for a pallet of electronic switches. Based on what you know about market controls, what should Shelly do when giving the pallet of switches to Mandy

c. Shelly should price them the same as what Mandy would have to pay for them in the market place

Corporate attitudes toward diversity programs can be summed up by saying that companies

c. initiated them to prevent discrimination, but now see them as a way to grow their pool of talent and their customer base

Using bribery as a business tactic may result in fines for U.S. firms. Which of the following types of environmental forces at work does this reflect

c. legal

A process in which information flows from sender to receiver, with no feedback loop, is referred to as _____ communication

c. one-way

Which of the following is one of the five higher goals of a transcendent education?

civil aspiration

Which of the following approaches to production is ecologically benign and restorative?

cradle-to-cradle approach.

The disorientation and stress associated with being in a foreign environment is termed

culture shock.

_____ goals are higher-level goals that take priority over specific individual or group goals

d. Superordinate

Which of the following statements about the impact of the stock market is true?

d. The stock market may have a profound effect on the behavior of individual managers.

The editorial team at Stirling-Weiss Textbook Publishing was having trouble thinking of an exciting new approach to teaching history. Pippa, one the editors in the history department, emailed the other editors in the department and said, "Let's have a brainstorming session to see what we can come up with." This is an example of being a(n) _____ leader

e. lateral

A(n) _____ skill is the ability to perform a specialized task that involves a certain method or process.

e. technical

Time machines are a staple of science fiction novels and movies, but there are not any businesses trying to develop one. The main reason is the lack of

e. technological feasibility

Which of the following responsibilities lies at the base of the pyramid of global corporate social responsibility and performance?

economic responsibility

The order of the levels in the pyramid of global corporate social responsibility and performance from bottom to top is _____.

economic, legal, ethical, and philanthropic

The management of an organization follows the ideology that if they work keeping in mind the company's own economic self-interest, the total wealth of the society will be maximized. Which of the following best describes the ethical system used by this organization?

egoism

_____ is integrating economically to form the biggest market in the world.

europe

A learning organization should focus on exploration and

exploitation.

Scenario D. As a manager working directly under the company president, Chloe has been given the assignment of transitioning the firm from a slow-moving bureaucracy to an agile, responsive organization. Chloe knows that the structure an organization adopts to accomplish agility will depend on its strategy, its customers, and its technology. Chloe then turns her attention to the technology changes that could help her organization become more agile. Among the technology changes her boss could use successfully is

flexible manufacturing.

Which of the following is true of parallel teams

incorrect answer: e. They possess the authority to act possible correct answer: b They contain members from different units or jobs

Other than offshoring, what is an alternative explanation for the decline in manufacturing and administrative support jobs in the United States?

innovation

Going beyond legal compliance with ADA standards and training people to understand that individuals with disabilities have valued abilities is an example of a(n) ________ ethics program.

integrity-based

Hector, the vice president of Hillendale Landscaping Solutions, LLC, attended a trade show to make additional supplier contacts for the business. Which of the following roles was Hector fulfilling in this situation?

liaison

The "sigma" in the term "six sigma quality" refers to Greek letter used to designate the estimated standard deviation or variation in a process. The higher the sigma level, the ______ and the higher the quality.

lower the amount of variation

In terms of good management, efficiency differs from effectiveness primarily in the former's focus on

resource utilization.

Which of the following types of power best describes Feargal's approach?

reward power

Operational mangers play crucial role in an organization because they provide?

the link between management and non-management personnel

Operational managers play a crucial role in an organization because they provide

the link between management and nonmanagement personnel.

In order to meet six sigma standards, the figure 99.99966 is significant because that is the percentage of

time that a product or process should be defect-free.

Telling others, inside or outside the organization, about wrongdoing is called _____.

B. whistleblowing

Sustainability is defined as the

D. effort to minimize the use of resources, especially those that are polluting and non-renewable.

The process of using multiple sources of appraisal to gain a comprehensive perspective of a person's performance is called _____ appraisal.

360-Degree

_____ management is the set of practices aimed at discovering and harnessing an organization's intellectual resources—fully utilizing the intellects of the organization's people.

A

Scenario A. Everyday Fashions Corp. is a clothing manufacturer. It has marketing, production, and finance departments, with a manager who heads each of the departments. Beatrice, the CEO, distributes the various organizational tasks to each manager by assigning authority and responsibility. Each manager has ten subordinates who are required to report to him or her. Each department works on its set of tasks in the organization. Beatrice is the top manager, followed by the department heads, and lastly the supervisors. All the managers are accountable to Beatrice alone. In Scenario A, Beatrice is the top manager, followed by managers of each department, and then the supervisors. This is an example of

A Hierarchy

Behaviors such as persistent or pervasive displays of pornography, lewd or suggestive remarks, and demeaning taunts or jokes tend to constitute ______, one of the two types of sexual harassment.

A hostile environment

Which of the following is the best definition of conflict? A. A situation when there are opposing pressures from different sources B. The state that exists when decision makers have accurate, comprehensive information C. A novel, complex decision with no proven answers D. The state that exists when the probability of success is less than 100 percent and loss may occur E. Ideas that have never been seen or tried before

A. A situation when there are opposing pressures from different sources

Which of the following is true of services? A. It includes intangible products like medical care. B. It includes manufacturing high-quality goods. C. It focuses on establishing short-term relationships. D. Jobs based on services have been declining in recent years. E. Insurance and haircuts are examples of tangible products.

A. It includes intangible products like medical care.

Validity refers to the

Accuracy of a selection test

TekQuest, a multinational computer company based in the United States, opens a location in Anderea. Samira, a native of the country, gets an entry-level job there as a receptionist, even though she has five years of frontline management experience at an Anderean company and speaks fluent English. TekQuest's presence greatly boosts employment in Anderea, but Samira observes that the company exhibits ethnocentricity in some of its practices. Which of the following best exemplifies this?

All the executives at TekQuest are Americans, while only lower-skilled jobs are offered to Andereans.

Scenario B: The Oxford Corporation has introduced a new program called "Stay and Grow with Oxford." It has several different components. 1. The company operates in a rural area where there are few minority employees. It has set up regular meetings for its minority employees in the area to meet, exchange information about activities and housing options, and socialize.2. Since many of the managers are nearing retirement age, one component of the program pairs older managers with promising young minority managers in order to offer their youthful counterparts career advice and introduce them to the company's top management.3. Because members of some minority groups recognize holidays other than those celebrated by the majority, the company has introduced a flexible work system that allows these employees to take time off during their holidays. The third component of Oxford Industries' "Stay and Grow with Oxford" program, allowing members of minority groups to work a flexible schedule that allows them time off to celebrate holidays recognized by their group, is an example of

Alternative work arrangements

Scenario C: Jordan is a candidate for a research position with Southwestern Fine Chemicals. Though well-qualified for the job, he has a hearing impairment. Despite private concerns about the prospective employee's disability, the manager decides to hire Jordan. In hiring Jordan, the manager must remain compliant with the federal law known as the ______ Act.

Americans with Disabilities Act Amendments

Which of the following statements best describes the contemporary work environment?

B. More than ever, people are held accountable for getting results.

Making ethical decisions takes moral _____ which helps realize that an issue has ethical implications.

Awareness

In the organizational pyramid, the ______ structure is the glue that holds the vertical levels together.

Authority

In today's business climate, what is the recommended way to do planning?

B. As a continual process that uses the input of people throughout the organization

During which step of strategy implementation would an executive evaluate his or her company's ability to implement strategic tasks? A. Defining the strategic tasks B. Assessing organizational capabilities C. Evaluating the competition D. Developing an implementation agenda E. Creating an implementation plan

B. Assessing organizational capabilities

Which of the following is the largest export market of the United States? A. Brazil B. Canada C. China D. Germany E. Mexico

B. Canada

Which of the following involves keeping costs low enough so that a company can realize profits while pricing its products at levels that are attractive to consumers?

B. Cost competitiveness

Which of the following roles is performed by a customer service manager who works to defuse a situation with an angry customer? A. Liaison B. Disturbance handler C. Negotiator D. Disseminator E. Figurehead

B. Disturbance handler

Which of the following statements about international markets is true?

B. Incomes are rising and demand is increasing.

Biomark Software Inc. has recently started operations as a business. The managers have already determined their objectives and have decided on the field of activity they will be dealing in. They have now started to attract people to work for them and have started determining the responsibilities of workers. Which of the following management functions are Biomark's managers performing? A. Planning B. Organizing C. Leading D. Optimizing E. Budgeting

B. Organizing

Alexia is the manager of Classy Clutches, a store that sells designer purses. Alexia knows that the economy greatly affects her business. Therefore, she is developing alternative courses of action for each of the four possible economic outcomes that may occur over the next four to six years. In this scenario, Alexia is _____. A. implementing a decision B. generating contingency plans C. making a programmed decision D. engaging in satisficing E. following the garbage can model

B. generating contingency plans

As one of the goals of transcendent education, learning how to give as well as take, to others in the present as well as to those in the future is called _____.

B. generativity

Going beyond legal compliance with ADA standards and training people to understand that individuals with disabilities also have valued abilities is an example of a(n)_____ ethics program.

B. integrity-based

The change from a local to a global marketplace is

B. irreversible.

Making ethical decisions takes moral _____, which involves knowing what actions are morally defensible.

B. judgment

The management of an organization follows the ideology that if they work keeping in mind the company's own economic self-interest, the total wealth of the society will be maximized. Which of the following best describes the ethical system used by the organization?

C. egoism

Which of the following is a goal of a transcendent education?

C. empathy

Which of the following responsibilities of business did Pork producer Smithfield Foods take on by discontinuing the practice of confining sows in gestation crates during pregnancy, conforming to external expectations though not legally required?

C. ethical responsibility

Margarita works for a small company that deals with processed and canned tomatoes and other vegetables. She reports to the CFO. It is her job to predict the costs of raw material for the next five years. She uses various research sources, including the news, to learn who the competitors are and what they have been doing. In fact, she subscribes to analyst e-newsletter that tells her about crop availability and weather conditions all around the globe. Every month she develops a spreadsheet for her boss indicating the likely costs of vegetables given the type of weather conditions expected in each area of the world and thus the availability of particular crops. She is also involved in a team that is investigating how to cut canning cost. They have recently met with Good Cans, a company that manufactures and cans tennis balls. Good Cans is considered the top company in the canning industry, especially in canning process knowledge. Margarita's team is comparing their processes of those of Good Cans to see how they might improve. Which of the following is marg and her team using when they learn from Good Cans about its canning process?

Benchmarking

In the future, the most effective business organizations will be _____.

C. flexible

Who selects the chief executive officer of a corporation?

Board of Directors

Most strategic control systems include which of the following in order to monitor and control major financial expenditures? A. A vision statement B. A mission statement C. A budget D. A SWOT analysis E. A handbook

C. A budget

_____ has as its primary goal the creation of sustainable economic development and improvement of quality of life worldwide for all organizational stakeholders.

C. ecocentric management

Which of the following is an example of collaboration across boundaries? A. Allie, a bookkeeper, has an idea for keeping more efficient records of outstanding invoices, and she clears the idea with her accounting manager before implementation. B. While working out in the company gym, Jamal comes up with an idea that might help his team member Ursula with the ad campaign she is working on. C. Before deciding on the trim size of the book his editorial team is producing, Hector asks the shipping department how the various choices will affect packing costs. D. Mei stays late to stuff an important mailing in envelopes because her boss, an executive, needs the mailing to go out in the next morning's mail. E. After listening to the complaints of the other technicians in the IT Department, Gregor devises a standard form for company employees to use for service requests.

C. Before deciding on the trim size of the book his editorial team is producing, Hector asks the shipping department how the various choices will affect packing costs

Which of the following is an example of collaboration across boundaries

C. Before deciding on the trim size of the book his editorial team is producing, Hector asks the shipping department how the various choices will affect packing costs.

Which of the following types of companies are affected by globalization?

C. Both large and small companies

The manager of the Glitz Hotel noticed a tremendous decrease in the number of convention bookings. He promptly ordered the redecoration of the hotel's meeting rooms. Customer feedback later indicated that the problem had not been the meeting facilities but poor service from the cleaning staff. In this scenario, to try and solve the problem, the manager should have first tried to _____. A. generate alternate solutions B. hire more qualified employees C. identify the problem D. reduce the price of all products E. spend more on marketing and advertisement

C. identify the problem

For the past several years, FuturaCloud hired a firm in India to handle its technical customer support. Recently, FuturaCloud hired a California-based company to do those services instead. This change is an example of _____. A. offshoring B. outsourcing C. inshoring D. insourcing E. offsourcing

C. inshoring

Cost competitiveness involves

C. pricing products at a level attractive to consumers.

Which of the following was developed by a group of international executives, including business leaders from Japan, Europe, and the United States

Caux Principles

Having the strength and persistence to act in accordance with one's ethics despite the challenges is referred to as moral _____.

Character

Which of the following countries is on its way to becoming the largest producer and consumer of many of the world's goods?

China

Scenario C: Tidewater, Inc., requires its job applicants to take a test that measures their vocabulary and numerical skills. For specific jobs, the company also requires its applicants to perform a sample of the job. Before implementing the tests, the management analyzes how well the test actually correlates and predicts job performance. When Tidewater needed to downsize, the company helped employees who were laid off to get placed in other organizations, and immediate supervisors talked to the employees about the reasons for their dismissal. The type of test that Tidewater utilizes to measure its job applicants' vocabulary and numerical skills is a(n) _____ test.

Cognitive Ability

The degree to which a group's members perceive things and behave in similar or mutually agreed-upon ways is known as

Cohesiveness

A firm's _____ includes its rivals, suppliers, customers, new entrants, substitutes, and complementary products. A. environmental scanning B. competitive intelligence C. external environment D. competitive environment E. organizational climate

D. competitive environment

Managing diversity encourages managers to see the variety of differences between people in the workplace as a potential source of

Competitive Advantage

Organizing

assembling and coordinating the human, financial, physical, informational, and other resources needed to achieve goals

A fast food restaurant chain, specialized in chicken, adds burgers to its menu . Based on the given information, which of the following corporate strategies is the restaurant following?

Concentration strategy

For the past two decades, Pearl Beverages has focused on only malt beverages products containing alcohol. The company is now considering entering the bottled iced tea arena as well. If Pearl decides to enter the bottled iced tea arena, it would be using a ________ strategy?

Concentric diversification

Which of the following is a characteristic of operational managers? A. They bridge the gap between higher and lower levels of management. B. They focus on long-term issues of the business. C. They develop on goals and plans that have been formulated by top-level managers. D. They are directly involved with nonmanagement employees. E. They break down the business' objectives into business units.

D. They are directly involved with nonmanagement employees.

When Beth, manager of First Stop Telemarketing realized that her plan to increase sales levels among associates was not producing the desire results, she made the necessary adjustments that would help yield better results. Which of the following management functions is illustrated in this scenario?

Controlling

_____ involves monitoring performance and making necessary changes.

Controlling

Cassandra's behavior is typically guided by what she thinks would be acceptable to her parents. According to Kohlberg, which of the following stages of moral development does Cassandra's behavior exemplify?

Conventional stage

The procedures that link the various parts of the organization for the purpose of achieving the organization's overall mission are known as

Coordination

The knowledge, expertise, or skill that underlies a company's ability to be a leader in providing a range of goods or services is known as a

Core Capability

Diversity in work teams encourages ______ because people from different backgrounds bring different perspectives.

Creativity and Innovation

Clydea has a coffee shop in Washington, D.C. One thing that attracts busy people to her shop is that she has perfected a way to make lattes and cappuccinos in half the time her competitors take. Which fundamental driver of success has Clydea emphasized?

D. Speed

Clydea has a coffee shop in Washington, D.C. One thing that attracts busy people to her shop is that she has perfected a way to make lattes and cappuccinos in half the time her competitors take. Which fundamental driver of success has Clydea emphasized? A. Knowledge B. Quality C. Cost Competitiveness D. Speed E. Sustainability

D. Speed

Which country has received the most foreign direct investment in recent years? A. Brazil B. China C. Mexico D. The United States E. Vietnam

D. The United States

Which of the following statements about the impact of the stock market is true? A. The stock market has little effect on the amount of capital a company has. B. If a company exceeds its performance expectations, its stock price will often drop. C. Publicly held companies are more insulated from the stock market than privately held companies. D. The stock market may have a profound effect on the behavior of individual managers. E. Stock market fluctuations have little effect on the compensation of managers.

D. The stock market may have a profound effect on the behavior of individual managers.

Which of the following is an example of innovation?

D. A company that invents a new way to deliver digital content

Which of the following is an example of innovation? A. A company that redecorates its stores to look up to date B. A company that charges fees for late returns of rentals C. A company that lowers the price of its traditional product D. A company that invents a new way to deliver digital content E. A company that reduces its staff to cut operating costs

D. A company that invents a new way to deliver digital content

Which of the following is true of globalization?

D. A company's talent can come from anywhere.

Which of the following is true of globalization? A. Only small companies are affected by it. B. Only large companies are affected by it. C. A company's talent should come only from within the country. D. A company's talent can come from anywhere. E. The global marketplace is stable and unchanging.

D. A company's talent can come from anywhere.

Which of the following is one of the three regions that dominate the global economy? A. South America B. Australia C. Middle East D. Asia E. Eastern Europe

D. Asia

When Bethany, manager of First Step Telemarketing, realized that her plan to increase sales levels among associates was not producing the desired results, she made the necessary adjustments that would help yield better results. Which of the following management functions is illustrated in this scenario? A. Planning B. Organizing C. Leading D. Controlling E. Budgeting

D. Controlling

Which of the following roles is a decisional role? A. Spokesperson B. Liaison C. Leader D. Disturbance handler E. Monitor

D. Disturbance handler

The National Labor Relations Act of 1935

Declared labor organizations legal

The assignment of authority and responsibility to a subordinate at a lower level is known as

Delegation

Th planning function in the new business environment can also be described more dynamically as:

Delivering strategic value

An aspect of an organization's internal environment created by job specialization and division of labor is

Differentiation

Valley Organic Meats recently announced that it was selling off its pork division in order to realign itself more competitively in the marketing of its other products. Which of the following strategic maneuvers is illustrated in this scenario?

Divestiture

A broad term used to refer to all kinds of differences between people in the workforce is

Diversity

In a matrix organization, each employee reports to a functional and a(n) _____ manager.

Divisional

A very flexible version of the network organization is the

Dynamic Network

Which of the following statements is true of collaboration?

E. Collaboration is an important process of knowledge management.

Which of the following statements is true of collaboration? A. Collaboration occurs only within the boundaries of an organization. B. A sole focus on unit performance spurs collaboration. C. It is unrealistic to think that a company can collaborate with its customers. D. Companies should capitalize on ideas generated within the organization alone. E. Collaboration is an important process of knowledge management.

E. Collaboration is an important process of knowledge management.

Advantages of large organizations include

Easier access to Capital

Esosa believes that ethical behavior is anything that provides the maximum benefit for herself. What ethical system does Esosa subscribe to?

Egoism

_____ considers acceptable behavior to be that which maximizes benefits for the individual.

Egoism

The Bureau of Labor Statistics projects that there will a short supply of ______ workers in the future.

Entry-level

Bill, the manager of Just Right Gelato, acts with integrity and honesty because he believes in a system of rules that governs the ordering of values. The system of rules that directs Bill's behavior is known as

Ethics

Corporate governance is a term describing the oversight of a firm by its

Executive Staff and Board of Directors

Which of the following is a danger sign that organizations may be allowing or even encouraging unethical behavior?

Failure to establish a written code of ethics

Which of the following should be done for constructing an effective ethics code?

Focus on real-life situations that employees can relate to.

Scenario B. PowerSounds Inc. is a manufacturer of audio equipment. The corporation has production, marketing, accounting, and finance departments. They have a department that makes speakers, turntables, and accessories for professional DJs, and a department that produces equipment for home use. Marlena works in the production department manufacturing speaker components. She reports to the production manager and her project manager. Emmanuel works in the accounting department and also manages public relations. The organization requires all the employees to wear the corporation's T-shirt as part of the uniform. There are also specific procedures that the employees must follow while manufacturing the instruments. By requiring all employees to wear the corporation's T-shirt, PowerSounds Inc. is utilizing the principle known as

Formalization

The presence of rules and regulations governing how people in the organization interact is called

Formalization

The Equal Pay Act of 1963 prohibits unequal pay based on

Gender

During a high-level meeting of Jerry's Toys executives, you and several other executives offer solutions to the recent decline in sales. Considering the levels of global corporate social responsibility, you decide you want to use a philanthropic solution. Which of the following actions would you take?

Give free toys to hospitalized children to improve public image

The manager at Andover and Associates determine that several options being considered as plans for new product introduction appear to have better project outcomes for market share growth- one of their high-priority goals. In which of the following stages of the formal planning processes is Andevor involved?

Goal and plan evaluation

Delegation

Helps develop effective subordinates

The organizational pyramid composed of authority levels is commonly called the

Hierarchy

Shield Life & Casualty has strictly defined job responsibilities and lines of communication. In this formal atmosphere, approval for any changes to standing procedures must be made by upper management. The firm has a

High degree of centralization

Work team diversity promotes creativity and innovation because people with different backgrounds

Hold different perspectives on issues

When managers and executives describe the strategic value of skills and knowledge of employees, they use the term

Human Capital

Who often suffers the most when corporations behave unethically?

rank-and-file employees

Which of the following countries has become an important provider of online technological support for the United States?

India

Jeremy is the lead on a new project at work, and it is essential that he make a good impression on top management. He recently had his first staff meeting to solve fairly large problem with the project, and it didn't go well. The whole staff of 10 was there, which he thought would lead to buy in from the group. Instead the group didn't get much done in that meeting. Jeremy opened the meeting by suggesting to the group that he had put a lot of thought into the problem and that perhaps they should use his ideas to solve the problem. He spent the meeting explaining why this should occur and went on to dismiss any alternatives. Jeremy was practicing?

Individual Dominance

Which of the following is true of an effective vision statement?

It inspires the members of an organization.

What is an advantage of exporting as a global expansion entry mode?

It is consistent with a pure global strategy.

A company that provides goods or services in very low volume or small batches is called a ______ shop.

Job

Making ethical decisions takes moral _____, which involves knowing what actions are morally defensible.

Judgment

Perfect quality, elimination of waste, value-added manufacturing, and employee involvement are all components of

Just-in-time Operations

Cost Competetiveness

Keeping costs low to achieve profits and be able to offer prices that are attractive to consumers

Organizations that are less organic and more bureaucratic are usually ______ organizations.

Large

General Motors and Chipotle have production processes that tend to be standardized, and all customers receive similar if not identical products. These organizations are examples of ______ technologies.

Large Batch

An organization that is skilled at creating, acquiring, and transferring knowledge and at modifying its behavior to reflect new knowledge and insights is known as a ____ organization.

Learning

In a decentralized organization, more of the decisions are made by the

Lower Levels of the Organization

Affirmative action is not to be confused with ______, which means moving beyond legislated mandates to embrace a proactive business philosophy that values differences positively.

Managing Diversity

Which of the following is one of the concerns of human resources managers?

Managing employee layoffs

Which of the following is true of whistleblowing?

Many whistleblowers suffer consequences such as being ostracized.

A(n) _____ organization is a hybrid form of organization in which functional and divisional forms overlap.

Matrix

A form of organization that is similar to Max Weber's description of a bureaucracy is a(n) ______ organization.

Mechanistic

In monolithic organizations, minority groups

typically hold low-status jobs, if they are represented at all.

Which of the following steps in the formal planning process helps managers know if their plan is working?

Monitor and control

An organization that has very little diversity or inclusiveness is a ______ organization.

Monolithic

To behave ethically, an individual will require not just moral awareness and moral judgment but also

Moral- Character

Which of the following statements best describes the contemporary work environment?

More than ever, people are held accountable for getting results.

An organization that values cultural diversity and is willing to utilize and encourage it is referred to as a _____ organization.

Multicultural

_____ combined the economies of the United States, Canada, and Mexico into one of the world's largest trading blocs.

NAFTA

A(n) _____ organization is a collection of independent, mostly single-function firms that collaborate to produce a good or service.

Network

When applied to the workforce, the term diversity refers to differences

Of all kinds

Studies have shown that the most effective way for companies to achieve diversity is to

assign responsibility for achieving targets to certain individuals or groups.

If jobholders rely more heavily on judgment than on rules, the organization most likely has a(n) _____ structure.

Organic

Kerri, the human resources manager at Davidson Equipment Supply Co., received instructions to provide data on the number of minorities working there, their positions within the company, and the compensation provided. This is an example of a(n)

Organizational Assessment

To get a clear idea of the positions in a firm and how they are arranged, it is helpful to make use of a(n)

Organizational Chart

Leon is a general manager for Sur-Seal Corp., a gasket manufacturing firm. He is considering some changes to the production floor, which include layout adjustments and the purchase of new equipment to improve efficiency. He also wants to promote one of his employees to team leader. Which of the following functions of management is Lorenzo performing?

Organizing

Scenario C: Tidewater, Inc., requires its job applicants to take a test that measures their vocabulary and numerical skills. For specific jobs, the company also requires its applicants to perform a sample of the job. Before implementing the tests, the management analyzes how well the test actually correlates and predicts job performance. When Tidewater needed to downsize, the company helped employees who were laid off to get placed in other organizations, and immediate supervisors talked to the employees about the reasons for their dismissal. The company helped employees get placed in other organizations after being laid off. This is an example of

Outplacement

________ occurs when an organization contracts with an external provider to produce one or more of the organization's products or services.

Outsourcing

Human resources management (HRM) deals with formal systems for the management of

People at work

When interdependent units are required to meet deadlines and objectives that contribute to a common goal, coordination by ______ exists.

Plan

A person who sees beyond authority, laws, and norms and follows his own self-chosen ethical principles is most likely to be in the _____ stage of Kohlberg's model of cognitive moral development.

Principled

Which of the following is most likely to be the last step in an ideal ethical decision-making process?

Proposing a moral solution

Manufacturers can improve logistics efficiency and speed by labeling their products with automated readers, known as ______ tags, which track where each product is in the distribution system, including which items are selling in each store.

RFID

Companies invest a great deal to hire, train, and keep the best and the brightest employees in an attempt to gain competitive advantage by employing _____ human resources.

Rare

Firms can create a competitive advantage when human resources are

Rare

_____ activities increase the pool of candidates that might be selected for a job.

Recruitment

_____ acknowledges the existence of different ethical viewpoints and uses norms as guidelines.

Relativism

_____ is a philosophy that bases ethical behavior on the opinions and behaviors of relevant other people.

Relativism

An effective option for employers considering downsizing is

Replacing FT employees with less expensive PT or Temp workers

Compared to other types of appraisals, _____ appraisals tend to be more objective and can focus on production data such as sales volume or profits.

Results

Margarita works for a small company that deals with processed and canned tomatoes and other vegetables. She reports to the CFO. It is her job to predict the costs of raw material for the next five years. She uses various research sources, including the news, to learn who the competitors are and what they have been doing. In fact, she subscribes to analyst e-newsletter that tells her about crop availability and weather conditions all around the globe. Every month she develops a spreadsheet for her boss indicating the likely costs of vegetables given the type of weather conditions expected in each area of the world and thus the availability of particular crops. She is also involved in a team that is investigating how to cut canning cost. They have recently met with Good Cans, a company that manufactures and cans tennis balls. Good Cans is considered the top company in the canning industry, especially in canning process knowledge. Margarita's team is comparing their processes of those of Good Cans to see how they might improve. The spreadsheet Marg uses gives her a chance to examine different projections, which is a form of ____________?

Scenario development

Scenario B: Fresh Catch, a small, popular chain of seafood restaurants, wishes to hire a new general manager to oversee a local restaurant's day-to-day operations. The company human resources (HR) manager posts an advertisement in the local newspaper stating, "General manager wanted for a fast-paced, award-winning seafood restaurant. Applicants must have three years' experience in a comparable restaurant managing a large staff and ensuring the satisfaction of diners." In addition to making inquiries through industry contacts, the HR manager places the ad on the company's bulletin board and intranet. The HR manager then develops a pool of prospective candidates for the position and chooses from the pool of candidates when making decisions on whom to hire. By choosing from the pool of candidates and making decisions about whom to hire, the HR manager is involved in

Selection

Which of the following is a step in formal planning process that involves studying past events, examining current conditions, and forecasting future trends?

Situational analyst

Scenario E: The management of Allied Insulation decided to provide a two-day diversity training program to its employees. During the first day, the trainer made a presentation on the myths, stereotypes, and other cultural differences that act as barriers preventing employees from contributing to the organization. The aim was to help employees get a better understanding of the organization's culture and its unwritten rules. During the second day, employees were given activities on active listening. Moreover, they were also trained on how to give and receive feedback and how to communicate effectively with others. During the second day of training, when employees were given activities on active listening and were taught how to give and receive feedback and how to communicate effectively with others, the trainer was implementing the component of diversity training known as ______ building.

Skill

A company that is exceptional at providing quality goods and services to targeted market niches is likely to be

Small

_________ trends regarding how people think and behave have major implications for management of the labor force, corporate social action, and strategic decisions about products and markets.

Societal

The numerous tasks that must be carried out in a large organization make _____ a necessity.

Specialization

To be effective, goals should have certain qualities, which can be easily remembered with the acronym SMART

Specific, measurable, attainable, relevant, time-bound

Corporations have boards of directors elected by the

Stock Holders

A large part of Oscar's job is to help his company use more recycled products, reduce pollution, and switch to renewable sources of energy. Which of the following does Oscar's job focus on?

Sustainability

Narrow spans of control build _____ organizations.

Tall

Training that provides employees with the skills and perspectives they need to collaborate with others is known as ______ training.

Team Training

Scenario D: The legal advisor of Carsten Financial Services informed the human resources (HR) manager that he had noticed a list of problems occurring in the human resources area of the organization. He submitted a report containing three issues of great concern 1. The men in the organization earn an average of 10 percent more than the women in the same jobs with the same performance levels. 2. Several women in clerical positions report that after announcing they were pregnant, they were taken off the company's health care plan and encouraged to quit. However, men with medical conditions were kept on the health care plan with no risk of being asked to quit. 3. Several employees who qualify for overtime are not being paid overtime rates. In statement 1, which of the following laws is the organization most likely violating?

The Equal Pay Act

Scenario D: The legal advisor of Carsten Financial Services informed the human resources (HR) manager that he had noticed a list of problems occurring in the human resources area of the organization. He submitted a report containing three issues of great concern 1. The men in the organization earn an average of 10 percent more than the women in the same jobs with the same performance levels. 2. Several women in clerical positions report that after announcing they were pregnant, they were taken off the company's health care plan and encouraged to quit. However, men with medical conditions were kept on the health care plan with no risk of being asked to quit. 3. Several employees who qualify for overtime are not being paid overtime rates. In statement 2, which of the following laws is the organization most likely violating?

The Pregnancy Discrimination Act

Quality

The excellence of your product

What is greenwashing?

The use of misleading marketing claims about the green attributes of products.

About one in ______ U.S. residents is a minority, but the U.S. Census Bureau projects that by 2044 members of "minority" groups will constitute a majority of the U.S. population.

Three

The ethical system known as egoism is similar to Adam Smith's concept of the invisible hand in business.

True

Most people have unconscious biases that favor themselves and their own group.

True

Sustainable growth refers to economic growth and development that meet the organization's present needs without harming the ability of future generations to meet their needs.

True

_____ is the ethical system stating that all people should uphold certain values that society needs to function.

Universalism

Reporting relationships between bosses and subordinates are tied with the _____ dimension of a firm's structure.

Vertical

Which of the following best describes an ethical perspective that goes beyond the conventional rules of society by suggesting that what is moral must also come from what a mature person with good "moral character" would deem right?

Virtue Ethics

Which of the following statements about unethical corporate behavior is true?

When corporations behave unethically, the rank-and-file employees suffer the most.

Surveys show that _____ are the way most job positions get filled.

Word-of-mouth Recommendations

You are the president of Old Salt, a manufacturer of various snack chips. You decide to change your business approach in a way that adheres more closely to the paradigm of corporate social responsibility. Which of the following actions would you take?

You change your company's packaging to a more eco-friendly material

Hospitals and universities are very expensive to run not only due to the capital equipment that is required for each but also due to personnel such as specialized medical doctors and researchers. The cost of these types of institutions is an example of

a barrier to entry

Which of the following is true of globalization?

a companies talent can come from anywhere

Integrity-based ethics programs involve

a set of guiding principles.

Scenario A. Ramon, a district at Great American Foods Inc., had posted the date of his team meeting on the company blog. On the day of the meeting, Ramon called the sales to his office, where he inquired about the status of each one's work. While the managers were giving their reports, Ramon received a call. Though he decided not to answer it, the ringing of the phone interrupted the meeting. As a result, a manager had to repeat what he had said. The ringing of the telephone and its interruption of the meeting would be considered

a. noise

Hiroki is a talented manager, but never displayed a particular aptitude for handling numbers; therefore it surprised him when a supervisor recommended him for a project that involved an understanding of accounting practices. When he asked the boss why she has recommended him, she said "Well, you know, you're good with numbers, so I figured it'll be easy for you to pick up the rest." Then Hiroki understood what had happened: because he was Asian American, she assumed that he would be good at math. Though this might seem like a compliment, it was actually an example of

a. stereotyping

The Earl of Sandwich is a fast food venture that offers healthy, whole-food, and vegetarian alternatives to traditional sandwiches. The company, which was founded in 2000, had expanded to 45 locations in the United States by 2010. Between 2010 and 2017, the company expanded to the international market, with 10 locations in Western Europe. Now Anjali, the CEO, is considering expanding into the Latin American market, with a new location in Santamaria. Anjali meets with her team to discuss researching the Santamarian market. What do you think is the first task the team should complete when making a decision about the viability of opening a location in Santamaria?

an investigation into how NAFTA and CAFTRA will affect the process of opening a franchise in Santamaria

Scenario C: Jordan is a candidate for a research position with Southwestern Fine Chemicals. Though well-qualified for the job, he has a hearing impairment. Despite private concerns about the prospective employee's disability, the manager decides to hire Jordan. In order to comply with the Americans with Disabilities Act Amendments Act (ADAAA) and help Jordan accommodate his impairment, the company should provide him with

assistive technology.

Organizational climate consists of the patterns of ________ that shape people's experience of an organization.

attitudes and behavior

A technique for assessing an organization internal and external environments in order to formulate strategy is called a

b. SWOT analysis

Which of the following is not generally true of self-managed teams

b. They are development teams

Dario and Jordan, assistant managers at Lakeside Steakhouse, constantly disagree with each other. Lately, the arguments have become personal, leading to anger and bitterness, and this has begun to impact everyone at the restaurant. Which of the following best describes the given scenario?

b. affective conflict

Emotional disagreement directed toward other people is known as

b. affective conflict

Zorah, the manager of a gift shop, needs a fast solution when an employee asks for a day off during the busiest shopping week of the year. A _____ solution will be most helpful to Zorah in this situation.

b. ready-made

Zorah, the manager of a gift shop, needs a fast solution when an employee asks for a day off during the busiest week of the year. A _____ solution will be the most helpful to Zorah in this situation.

b. ready-made

Which of the following is the first step in a formal planning process?

b. situational analysis

While overseeing a construction project in a foreign country, Tom offers a bribe to a local official in order to compel the official to overlook some local regulations that are slowing the project down. Tom's associate, Shiraz, finds out and confronts him about it. Even though Tom acknowledges that it is unethical, he says his actions are justified in this particular case because

bribery is an accepted and even expected practice in the country

Mary Ann hired Ali, who belongs to a minority group, to work in the accounting department because he was highly skillful. However, the other workers resented Ali's presence and excluded him from the work group. Ali had difficulty performing, since he was not given the needed information to work expediently. This is an example of _____ on of the challenges of a diversified workforce

c. lower cohesiveness

Eliza's team stopped being productive because it had an internal conflict that the group members could not resolve. A representative from the human resources department attended several meetings to help resolve the conflict and enable the group to move on. The person who did this played the role of

c. mediator

According to Herzberg, the key to true job satisfaction lies in the

c. motivators

The managers at Perpetual Motion, a production and media agency, have recently decided that in to maximize profits, employees will have to work on weekends. To help with this change, they have given all employees a bonus of 10 percent and an option to choose specific days off during the week. This is an example of using _____ to manage resistance to change.

c. negotiation and rewards

In order to develop a world-class capability, a company should first

commit to excellence and leadership in capabilities.

Which of the following does environmental analyst examine?

competitors

An ethics program that is designed by corporate counsel to detect, prevent, and punish legal violations is called a(n) ________ ethics program

compliance-based

By finding it difficult to use cutlery and adapt to the new environment, Nicola is exhibiting

culture shock

Scenario B: Meyer works for a new start-up technology firm, which has six highly opinionated but very committed employees. The owner of the firm, Zalman, strongly believes that he should make every decision since he is the boss. But Zalman often jumps to conclusions and does not even take time to diagnose the problem at hand because he does not like to ask any of the employees for suggestions. Moreover, Zalman's decisions are usually focused on short-term rather than long-term benefits and costs. At this point, most people in the firm agree that the decision making of the owner is going to destroy the young firm before it really gets started. Suppose Zalman tells Meyer that the reason he makes every decision himself is because he believes that he will be able to influence everything that happens in the business. This unrealistic view is called

d. the illusion of control.

Decision making in a small batch organization is best described as

decentralized.

Employers that offer onsite child care report that it

decreases absenteeism.

Phase two of training involves

designing a training program

Mark works for a new start up marketing consulting firm. There are five opinionated but very committed employees in his group. The owner of the firm, Phil, strongly believes that he should make every decision since he is the boss. But Phil often jumps to conclusions and doesn't even take the time to diagnose the problem at hand because he does not like to ask any of the employees for suggestions, Moreover, Phil's decisions are usually focused on short term benefits and costs rather than that of long-term. At this point, most people in the firm agree that the firm agree that the decision making of the owner is going to destroy the young firm before it really gets started. The fact that Phil's decisions are usually focused on short term benefits and costs rather than that of long-term is an example of ________?

discounting the future

Scenario A. Marla's Basement is a small retail store that specializes in antique figurines and decorative knickknacks. In analyzing the environment, Marla has uncovered the following interesting findings: 1. Marla has recently purchased more inventory than in the past. The people from whom she buys are selling off more knickknacks because their children are not interested in this type of decorative items and they would prefer to liquidate unnecessary household items to help them with their daily expenses. 2. Marla discovered that her business is in a historical preservation district. As she considers remodeling the shop, she realized that she must pay attention to the guidelines set forth in the governing laws. 3. Marla's buyer-customer base seems to be changing. The tastes of the younger generation near her shop are shifting to modern decor, so the customer base to which she sells is shrinking. 4. Marla has been told that she should consider selling her inventory via the Internet, but she does not own (or understand how to use) a computer. 5. In reading a survey of regional business, Marla discovered that there are no other antique knickknack stores within 200 miles. In Scenario A, which of the following elements of the macroenvironment was part of Marla's findings?

e. technology

Scenario A. Deanna leaves her job at a refrigerator manufacturing company and starts her own business. Her objective is to attain maximum growth and earn high profits. Deanna's friend Callie still works at the refrigerator manufacturing company, where she has started a business venture utilizing the company's resources. Gus, her colleague, states that he would make a successful entrepreneur because he is a gambler and believes that a good idea and talent lead to success within a year.By leaving her job and starting her own business, Deanna has become a(n)

entrepreneur.

Ranier Outdoor Clothing managers engage in an annual organizational assessment, trying to predict industry changes as well as possible opportunities and threats. They look at issues such as who their competitors are, current entry barriers, and what substitutes exist for their products. The assessment is called__________?

environmental scanning

Margarita works for a small company that deals with processed and canned tomatoes and other vegetables. She reports to the CFO. It is her job to predict the costs of raw material for the next five years. She uses various research sources, including the news, to learn who the competitors are and what they have been doing. In fact, she subscribes to analyst e-newsletter that tells her about crop availability and weather conditions all around the globe. Every month she develops a spreadsheet for her boss indicating the likely costs of vegetables given the type of weather conditions expected in each area of the world and thus the availability of particular crops. She is also involved in a team that is investigating how to cut canning cost. They have recently met with Good Cans, a company that manufactures and cans tennis balls. Good Cans is considered the top company in the canning industry, especially in canning process knowledge. Margarita's team is comparing their processes of those of Good Cans to see how they might improve. When predicting the costs for her company, Margarita is engaging in ______________?

forecasting

A strategic alliance is a(n)

formal relationship created among independent organizations with the purpose of joint pursuit of mutual goals.

The three basic approaches to departmentalization are

functional, divisional, and matrix.

The ________ model of organizational decision making depicts a chaotic process and seemingly random decisions.

garbage can

The Equal Pay Act of 1963 prohibits unequal pay based on

gender

Services

giving customers what they want or need, when they want it

An organizational model that consists of a company's overseas subsidiaries and is characterized by centralized decision making and tight control by the parent company over most aspects of worldwide operations is known as the ______ model.

global

Jeremy is the lead on a new project at work, and it is essential that he make a good impression on top management. He recently had his first staff meeting to solve fairly large problem with the project, and it didn't go well. The whole staff of 10 was there, which he thought would lead to buy in from the group. Instead the group didn't get much done in that meeting. Jeremy decided to try another meeting because the project deadline was drawing closer, and he began to feel pressure to get something done with his group. He put the agenda out early and felt he was ready to lead the meeting. Shortly after the meeting began, one of hid colleagues asked a question that didn't seem to relate to the issue at hand. Nonetheless, trying to be a good leader, Jeremy began to discuss the issues around this new question. Soon the group was in a heated discussion with each side seeming to stop at nothing to "win" the argument. In this meeting, the group was engaged in_________?

goal displacement

Scenario D: Three coworkers are heatedly discussing what to order for their department lunch that day. Spencer wants to have Italian food, while Hope wants Mexican food. Emile says that he wants to eat something healthful, such as food from a salad bar. Hope finally says it does not matter and walks away frustrated with the situation. Spencer suggests to Emile that there is an Italian fast food restaurant that has salad on the menu, so they bother could get some of what they want. Emile, concerned for Hope's feelings, says that they should get Mexican food Which of the following approaches to conflict does Emile use?

incorrect answer: a. avoidance

The key factor that makes technology leadership attractive for some companies is the potential for

incorrect answer: b. conflict resolution

To be competitive in a global economy, Europeans must

increase their level of productivity.

_____ is an arrangement by which an organization in another country buys the rights to manufacture a company's product in its own country for a negotiated fee.

international licensing

As one of the goals of a transcendent education, speaking out against unethical actions is called

intolerance of inhumanity.

Sexual harassment is unwelcome sexual conduct that

is a term or condition of employment.

A disadvantage of the global model is that it

is less responsive to consumer tastes and demands.

Which of the following is true of an effective vision statement?

it inspires the members of an organization

Which of the following is true of contingency plans?

it serves as an alternative when the initial plan fails to work

Which of the following is true of training?

it usually starts with a needs assessment

General Motors and Chipotle have production processes that tend to be standardized, and all customers receive similar if not identical products. These organizations are examples of ________ technologies.

large batch

Bill has the knack of inspiring the people in his department to learn new skills and to perform better than expected on the job. As a manager, what is Bill especially good at doing?

leading

Carol has the knack of inspiring the people in her department to learn new skills and to perform better than expected on the job. As a manager, what is Carol especially good at doing?

leading

If a business's goals and methods are consistent with societal values, it is considered

legitimate.

Avoiding discrimination and harassment are concerns for many minority groups, but ______ employees are also particularly concerned about obtaining benefits for spouses or domestic partners, as well as feeling free not to be secretive about who they are.

lesbian, gay, bisexual, or transgender

As one of the key management functions, leading focuses on a manager's efforts to

mobilize people to contribute their ideas

controlling

monitoring performance and making needed changes

Which of the following features of transcendent education emphasizes viewing success not merely as personal gain, but a common victory?

mutuality

The manager of Ace Hardware Store has several decisions to make as the week begins. She always comes in early on Mondays to shift through the paperwork on her desk and decide what needs to be done for the week and in which order. The following are decisions facing her this week? 1) Promoting two sales personnel based on the company's policy for promotion 2) Determining whether or not to open a facility in a new market to target more customers. 3) Interviewing applicants for two open part-time positions and hiring them 4)Providing input to the owner on a possible upgrade to the checkout technology currently in use decision 2 and 4 are examples of _______ decisions?

nonprogrammed

Managing diversity is important because affirmative action and equal employment opportunity (EEO) laws have

not done enough to improve opportunities for women and minorities.

Corporate social responsibility is the _____.

obligation toward society assumed by business

Corporate social responsibility is the

obligation toward society assumed by business.

expatriates are

parent-company nationals who are sent to work at a foreign subsidiary

Interpersonal and communication skills

people skills, the ability to lead, motivate, and communicate effectively with others

The news division of WEXS Channel 10 wanted to hire a new morning news anchor. As part of the interview process, candidates were asked to read several impromptu news stories from the teleprompter. This type of test is known as a ________ test.

performance

The main cause of failure of overseas managers is

personal and social issues

Home Depot supports Habitat for Humanity, a nonprofit that builds affordable housing for those struggling with poverty, housing, or homelessness. Donation to such an organization is an example of ________ responsibility.

philanthropic

The Americans with Disabilities Act Amendments Act (ADAAA) of 2008 defines a disability as a(n)

physical or mental impairment that substantially limits a major life activity.

Downsizing in organizations refers to the

planned elimination of positions or jobs.

Debra and her top managers are choosing the goals that Debra's company should achieve and deciding in advance the appropriate actions needed to achieve those goals. What are they doing?

planning

The managers at EarthGreen Technology are currently developing strategies for the company's new products and setting objectives for its business units. These managers are engaging in the management function of

planning

The mangers at Capturion Action Cameras are currently developing strategies for the company's new products and setting objectives for its business units. These managers are engaging in the management function of?

planning

Which of the following is one of the four fundamental traditional management functions?

planning

Companies invest a great deal to hire, train, and keep the best and the brightest employees in an attempt to gain competitive advantage by employing ________ human resources.

rare

Authority typically is associated with a particular

position rather than a particular person

In Hofstede's chart, the extent to which a society accepts the fact that power in organizations is distributed unequally is known as

power distance

Pressures for a global integration strategy for all markets are increased by the presence of

pressure to reduce costs

Coordination refers to the

procedures that link the various parts of the organization.

The manager of Ace Hardware Store has several decisions to make as the week begins. She always comes in early on Mondays to shift through the paperwork on her desk and decide what needs to be done for the week and in which order. The following are decisions facing her this week? 1) Promoting two sales personnel based on the company's policy for promotion 2) Determining whether or not to open a facility in a new market to target more customers. 3) Interviewing applicants for two open part-time positions and hiring them 4)Providing input to the owner on a possible upgrade to the checkout technology currently in use The decision regarding the promotion of two sales personnel can best be classified as a ____ decision?

programmed

The manager of Ace Hardware Store has several decisions to make as the week begins. She always comes in early on Mondays to shift through the paperwork on her desk and decide what needs to be done for the week and in which order. The following are decisions facing her this week? 1) Promoting two sales personnel based on the company's policy for promotion 2) Determining whether or not to open a facility in a new market to target more customers. 3) Interviewing applicants for two open part-time positions and hiring them 4)Providing input to the owner on a possible upgrade to the checkout technology currently in use The manager's decision about interviewing applicants for two open part time positions and hiring them is an example of a ________ decision?

programmed

Each morning, Atlas Hardware's CEO has a computer-based conference with all store managers. The previous day's data and challenges are discussed so that problems can be quickly and effectively resolved or even avoided. In this case, Atlas Hardware is utilizing ________ to retain a competitive edge.

real-time information

Moral awareness involves

realizing that an issue has ethical implications.

In making ethical decisions, moral awareness refers to

realizing that the issue has ethical implications

Kiko works as a receptionist for a medical office. Some of the doctors have asked her to tell patients that they are in an appointment when in fact they are playing golf. Which of the following actions would Kiko take if she wanted to follow the ethical system of universalism?

quit her job because she believes all people should uphold certain values, such as not lying

Collaborating with other countries in trade

raises the standards of living

For the past five years, Maury has worked at the Windsor Grand Desert Time-Share Resort in Las Vegas, Nevada, starting out as a junior salesperson and rising to become a sales lead, with the highest sales numbers on his team two years running. Recently Maury was offered a promotion to Frontline Sales Manager. Which of the following duties is he most likely to perform in his new role?

recruiting new sales associates and motivating sales team leaders

A company that seeks to revolutionize key organizational systems and processes by thinking like the customer is applying the concept known as

reengineering.

_____ becoming more difficult to obtain because of potential lawsuits.

reference information is

From Scenario A, it can be inferred that Kaley exhibits ________ power.

referent

________ are specific government organizations in a firm's more immediate task environment?

regulators

When a manager bases ethical behavior on the opinions and behaviors of relevant other people, the philosophy is best described as _____.

relativism

When he stays in hotels, Jamal packs whatever towels he hasn't dirtied into his suitcase to take home. Because all his colleagues do the same thing, he thinks it is acceptable to do so. In this scenario, which of the following ethical systems has Jamal used to rationalize his decision?

relativism

Which philosophy would be the most likely to emphasize that there are different ethics in different cultures?

relativism

Vijay works for a food manufacturer that plans to move to Mexico to take advantage of the cheaper labor. The CEO rationalizes this decision by claiming that many other companies are making similar moves. Vijay counters that the number of people who will be harmed by losing their jobs will be more than the number of people who will be helped by the relocation. Which of the following ethical systems does this debate contrast?

relativism vs. utilitarianism

Which of the following is true about the multinational model of global strategy?

research and development functions are performed by the subsidiaries

Who is responsible for an organization's strategic plan?

senior executives

Top Level Mangers

senior executives responsible for the overall management and effectiveness of the organization

Which of the following economic sectors has become increasingly important to the U.S. economy?

service

Debra, Fang, and Raj were on a team at their engineering company. Though Debra had the most experience of the three, she did not always assume the leadership role. Some projects fell into the specialized areas of the others, so she moved the leadership around the group as appropriate. Debra's style would be classified as ________ leadership

shared

For many companies, the original driving force behind the effort to diversify their workforces was a combination of

social responsibility and legal necessity.

Which of the following statements about the comparable worth doctrine is true?

some state have comparable worth laws for public sector employees

The goal of intolerance of ineffective humanity in transcendent education is to

speak out against unethical actions.

Anthony and Roberto are employed at the same company and often work on the same products. However, they are assigned to separate units, and they perform very specific, different jobs that contribute to the larger task. This is an example of

specialization

Leading

stimulating people to be high performers

Scenario D. Luxe Slumber is a company that produces high-quality mattresses. Omar, the CEO, makes all the business deals for the company. He negotiates with suppliers and gets new customers and business for the company. Charles communicates his vision for the company and what he would like it to achieve to Ana, who lays out plans to make possible the execution of that vision. Ana delegates the work accordingly by communicating to the sales and production managers Omar's vision and what he requires of them. Irving, a floor manager, makes sure that the workers do their jobs at the required pace to meet the targets and goals of the company.

strategic

Domain selection, diversification, mergers/acquisitions, and divestitures are all examples of _____________?

strategic maneuvering

The level of planning that involves the least amount of details is

strategic planning

Planning

systematically making decisions about the goals and activities that an individual,a group, a work unit, or the overall organization will pursue

_________ planning translates broad strategic goals and plans that are relevant to a definite portion of an organization?

tactical

In recent years, _____ has received more foreign direct investment than any other country.

the United States

_____ is currently negotiating with various nations over objections to environmental regulations and subsidies to farmers in developed countries, on the grounds that they conflict with free trade.

the WTO

Sustainability is defined as? DOUBLE CHECK THIS

the effort to minimize the use of resources, especially those that are polluting and non-renewable

Sustainability

the effort to minimize the use of resources, especially those that are polluting and nonrenewable

Tactical managers are often referred to as?

top level managers

The three levels of managers within large organizations are

top, middle, and frontline.

An approach to achieving _____ includes preventing defects before they occur.

total quality

Terra is the owner of Arcadia Salon and Spa and is looking to add some new spa services. Terra interviewed her staff to get their opinions and ideas, and she invited everyone to participate in deciding which ideas to advance. Staff members were then aware of the various options and recognized the benefits and costs of each. In this scenario, involving the staff has helped people to

understand the decisions.

The process for ethical decision making begins with:

understanding all moral standards and recognizing all moral impacts.

_____ create strong pressure for a global strategy.

universal needs

Which of the following is an effective way to prevent failed global assignments?

using validated screening criteria