management test 3

What does PAUSE stand for?

-Pay Attention to judgments -Acknowledge your Biases -Understand there may be other interpretations different from your own -Search for ways to deal with bias -Execute a personal plan

Place the stages of Lewin's model of change in the correct order, with the first stage listed at the top and the final stage listed at the bottom.

1. Unfreezing 2. changing 3. refreezing

What proportion of U.S. organizations use social networks to find new employees?

90%

What is the most accurate description of person-organization fit?

A match between an individual's personality and values and those of the organization

Which of the following is an example of political pressure creating an external force for change?

A tobacco tax

When she applied for a job as a firefighter, Jill was administered a series of employment tests that measured her strength and stamina in activities such as climbing stairs, dragging weights, and carrying heavy equipment. Which of the following BEST describes the type of employment test Jill had to complete?

Ability

Adverse Impact

An organization uses an employment practice or procedure that results in unfavorable outcomes to a protected class over another group of people. An organization uses an employment practice or procedure that results in unfavorable outcomes to a protected class over another group of people.

A performance appraisal is likely to contain which two of the following types of information? (Choose every correct answer.)

Assessment of performance Performance feedback

Which of these would be considered observable artifacts in an organization?

Awards Decorations Rituals

______ represent core, taken-for-granted, unobservable aspects of an organization's culture.

Basic assumptions

During which phase of Lewin's model of change is it most important for managers to act as role models and mentors and to provide benchmarking results?

Changing

Hostile environment

Choice, The person being harassed does not risk economic harm, but experiences an offensive or intimidating workplace. The person being harassed does not risk economic harm, but experiences an offensive or intimidating workplace.

Which legislation gave rise to the establishment of the Equal Employment Opportunity (EEO) Commission?

Civil Rights Act of 1964

Of the following methods, which would be the LEAST appropriate for external recruiting?

Company bulletin board

Which of the following are supertrends that are currently affecting the future of business? (Choose every correct answer.)

Competitive advantage is coming increasingly from knowledge, not from information. The way we work is being impacted by offshore suppliers.

Which statement about the need for faster speed-to-market is true?

Competitors may be in and out of the market within days.

Which of the following are examples of an objective appraisal of employee performance results? (Choose every correct answer.)

Counting the number of days since a safety incident occurred under an employee's watch Comparing an employee's sales revenue to an annual target

Factors such as the increasing number of women in the workforce and the growing number of older workers exemplify which force for change outside the organization?

Demographic characteristics

what is the model that kurt lewin made?

Developed a model with three stages- Unfreezing, changing, and refreezing- to explain how to initiate, manage, and stabilize planned change

Which of the following is a demographic characteristic that is a force for change outside the organization?

Education

What are two factors that contribute to resistance to change?

Employee characteristics Change agent characteristics

Identify the items that are included in negotiations between management and employees while they are engaged in collective bargaining. (Choose every correct answer.)

Employee compensation Working conditions Employee benefits Job security

Disparate Treatment

Employees from protected groups are intentionally treated differently. Employees from protected groups are intentionally treated differently.

______ values represent the values and norms actually exhibited in the organization.

Enacted

What are the characteristics of a high-performance work system approach to HRM? (Choose every correct answer.)

Enhances the performance of all employees systematically Focuses on collective levels of human and social capital Improves employee motivation and opportunities

Which of the following is responsible for the enforcement of antidiscrimination and other employment-related laws?

Equal Employment Opportunity (EEO) Commission

Salaried executives, administrative, and professional employees are exempt from over time rules as outlined in the _____.

Fair Labor Standards Act

Which law established a minimum wage for workers, set limits for child labor, and established overtime pay?

Fair Labor Standards Act

True or false: Offshore suppliers have resulted in labor savings for companies, but they have only hurt U.S. jobs.

False

Which factors commonly cause employees to resist change? (Choose every correct answer.)

Fear of the unknown Loss of status or job security Peer pressure

Which factors are likely to cause resistance to change? (Choose every correct answer.)

Fears about job security The potential for loss of status

Many employers are wary of giving references for which of the following reasons? (Choose every correct answer.)

Former employees might sue the company for revealing too much personal information. The reference might reveal criteria that could lead to hiring discrimination.

Are individual commitment and motivation essential to sucess? Yes

Human Resource, Symbolic

Is the Technical Quality of the decision important? no

Human resource, political, Symbolic

What is the primary cause of failure for strategic initiatives?

Improper execution

What is the intended benefit of the forced ranking approach to performance appraisal?

It encourages managers to reward top performers and discipline poor performers.

Which of these tasks is analytic and involves problem solving and abstract reasoning?

Knowledge work

When crafting a solution to a problem during a performance appraisal, what should employers do? (Choose every correct answer.)

Make themselves available for further questions or feedback. Get the employee's input.

What are the four types of organizational culture outlined in the competing values framework (CVF)?

Market Adhocracy Clan Hierarchy

Demand for organic foods has increased dramatically as Americans have become more aware of the effects of pesticides and other harmful chemicals in food. This exemplifies which force for change outside the organization?

Market changes

Which two of the following are concerns that a manager should consider when an employee is promoted? (Choose every correct answer.)

Nondiscrimination Fairness

Which statements are true about how offshore suppliers impact how we work? (Choose every correct answer.)

Offshore suppliers have resulted in the loss of some U.S. jobs. Offshore suppliers have enabled some U.S. jobs to become more productive.

Enrique was given an employment test that measured his self-esteem, agreeableness, and desire to perform well at his job. This is an example of what type of employment test?

Personality

Are There High Levels of ambiguity and uncertainty? yes

Political, Symbolic

are conflict and scarce resources significant? yes

Political, Symbolic

Which practices can be utilized by managers to implement "refreezing," the third stage of Lewin's change model? (Choose every correct answer.)

Reinforcing the desired change in the employees Encouraging employees to exhibit the new change

Which of the following best describes "demassification"?

Segmenting customer groups into smaller, more specialized groups

Which terms describe good performance expectations? (Choose every correct answer.)

Specific Achievable

Is the Technical Quality of the decision important? yes

Structural

Are There High Levels of ambiguity and uncertainty? no

Structural, Human resource

are conflict and scarce resources significant? no

Structural, Human resource

Are individual commitment and motivation essential to success? no

Structural, Political

Tameka's company is introducing a new invoicing and billing system. As Tameka is presenting the new system to the accounting team, she is careful to explain why the changes are important. By the time she is done, the accounting team has shown their acceptance of the new procedures. This is likely because ______.

Tameka has used tact

Quid pro quo

The person being harassed is in jeopardy of not being hired for a job, obtaining benefits or opportunities unless he or she acquiesces.

What are reasons that the forced ranking approach to performance appraisal is falling out of favor? (Choose every correct answer.)

The system gets rid of talented as well as untalented people. It results in reduced employee performance. It creates legal risk due to the perception of bias.

Why are objective appraisals harder for employees to challenge legally?

They are not subject to personal bias.

Why are many of the low-level employees who were formerly referred to as knowledge workers increasingly being called data workers?

They no longer add much value to information processing.

On resumes and application forms, why do job seekers make statements or insert key words that do not truthfully describe their qualifications? (Choose every correct answer.)

To outsmart automated tracking systems To embellish their achievements To hide deficiencies in technical skills

Which of the following are typical reasons for which employees might be transferred? (Choose every correct answer.)

To solve employee problems, such as personal differences with a boss To broaden their experience in being assigned to a different position To solve organizational problems by using their skills at a another location To retain their interest and motivation by being presented with a new challenge

True or false: Research shows that women and minorities hired on the basis on affirmative action often feel stigmatized as incompetent or unqualified.

True

True or false: The pressure exerted by internal forces for change may be subtle or very dramatic.

True

What are the three forms of interviews? (Choose every correct answer.)

Unstructured Behavioral-description Situational

What are companies doing to respond effectively to the increasing segmentation of the marketplace?

Using more narrowly targeted marketing messages

One of Raiza's coworkers recently quit. Instead of hiring someone new, the company has decided to reorganize Raiza's department and reassign tasks. The result is that Raiza and her coworkers will each have more work but will not receive any additional pay. Everyone in the department is resisting these changes, most likely as a result of ______.

a nonreinforcing reward system

In order to achieve equality of opportunity within its organization, Clarkson Company has taken steps such as active recruitment, the elimination of prejudicial interview questions, and establishment of minority hiring goals. Clarkson's efforts can be BEST described as _____.

affirmative action

Peter evaluates his sales staff based upon sales volume and gross margin on each sale. This BEST describes ______.

an objective appraisal

In an organization's culture, basic assumptions:

are not observable represent the organization's core values are often taken for granted are difficult to change

As a finalist for a management position with Emerson Mechanical, Caitlin participated in a two-day review of her management capabilities. She was required to go through a series of group and individual exercises designed to simulate the conditions of the job in order to determine whether she had the necessary skills and abilities. This BEST describes a(n) _____.

assessment center

Dax is an assembly line worker at an automotive plant. He is paid $14.50 per hour. This amount reflects the _______ of Dax's job.

base pay

During a(n) ______ interview, the interviewer explores what the applicant has actually done in the past.

behavioral-description

During her interview at Masters International, Johanna was asked several questions inquiring about her past job performance, such as "Can you describe what you did the last time a customer became angry with you?" This suggests that Johanna participated in a(n) _______ interview.

behavioral-description

Most of the questions Scott was asked during his interview were about past actions and accomplishments. This is an example of a(n) ______ interview.

behavioral-description

Managers can reduce mistrust and resistance to change by ______.

being open and honest about changes

Insurance, retirement plans, health club memberships, and education reimbursement are just a few examples of compensation in the form of _____.

benefits

Nicole receives ______, such as sick-leave days, vacation days, and free parking, from her employer.

benefits

Belinda's boss shouts at her and uses profanity when he is upset and has humiliated her in staff meetings by belittling her opinions and calling her "stupid." These are examples of _____.

bullying

Xenod Capital just enlisted the help of Alejandra, a consultant with a background in behavioral science. She is going to help them apply new methods to dealing with old problems. Alejandra is an example of a(n) ______.

change agent

In organizational socialization, the ______ phase happens once the employee understands her/his work role and now must master the necessary skills and tasks and learn to adjust to the work group's values and norms.

change and acquisition

Leadership style, personality, tactfulness, and sense of timing are all ______ characteristics that can contribute to employee resistance to change.

change-agent

Employees are introduced to new information, new perspectives, and new models of behavior during the ______ stage of Lewin's model of change.

changing

Employees need to be given the tools for change, and managers can help by providing role models, mentors, experts, and training during the ______ stage.

changing

An employee's individual differences, perceptions of change, and actions and inactions make up that employee's ______.

characteristics

The three elements of_________ include wages and salaries, incentives, and benefits.

compensation

A system of shared beliefs and values that develops within an organization and guides the behavior of its members is called organizational ______.

culture

Observable artifacts, espoused values, and basic assumptions are the three levels of organizational ______.

culture

In some parts of the United States, guns are sold at Walmart stores. Some people refuse to shop at those stores. At the extreme, everyone would refuse to shop at those stores. In that hypothetical situation, ______ are acting as an external force for change.

customers

Organizational ______ is a set of techniques for implementing planned change to make people and organizations more effective.

development

Sonja was not promoted to the position of manager of the road work crew because her boss doesn't feel that a woman can supervise as well as a man. This an an example of _____.

disparate treatment

The process through which a product or service takes root initially in simple applications at the bottom of a market and then moves up, eventually displacing established companies, is referred to as ______.

disruptive innovation

Ability, performance, and personality tests are three of the most common types of ______ tests.

employment

Philosophies, beliefs, and norms that are explicitly stated by the organization reflect its ______ values.

espoused

Espoused values in an organization's culture represent the ______.

explicitly stated values and norms the organization prefers

Sometimes changes on the job are intimidating and lead to self-doubt. In this case, employees are most likely to resist change due to ______.

fear of failure

The economic or productive potential of employee knowledge, experience, and actions is referred to as

human capital

Organizations use ______ such as commissions, profit-sharing, bonuses, and stock options to attract and retain top performers.

incentives

One of the employment tests Jane had to complete as part of the selection process was an online assessment that asked questions such as, "During the past 12 months, have you been given too much change by a cashier and kept the money?" and "How many times did you cheat on an exam during your senior year of high school?" Based on these questions, it would appear that Jane completed a(n) _______ test.

integrity

Tests designed to identify people likely to engage in inappropriate, antisocial, or dishonest workplace behavior are known as _______ tests.

integrity

Organizational culture

is passed on to new employees through socialization and mentoring is the social glue that binds members of the organization together helps employees understand why the organization does what it does represents beliefs and values shared among workers

Organizational culture:

is the social glue that binds members of the organization together helps employees understand why the organization does what it does is passed on to new employees through socialization and mentoring represents beliefs and values shared among workers

Employees are more likely to resist change if ______.

it is a surprise

With an applicant tracking system, employers use job descriptions and job specifications to find job candidates by _____.

matching key words from the job description to key words on résumés

Organizational structure:

must be aligned with the organization's goals, strategies, and culture is concerned with who reports to whom in the organization and who specializes in what work

In organizational culture, a story is a(n) ______.

narrative based on true events which is repeated in order to emphasize a particular value

Performance appraisals that are based on facts and are often numerical are referred to as _______ appraisals.

objective

Symbols in organizational culture represent ______.

objects or actions that convey an organization's most important values to others

A match between an individual's personality and values and those of the organization

observable artifacts

The extent to which your personality and values match the climate and culture in an organization is referred to as person-______ fit.

organization

Kevin continuously helps his employees improve their work through the reviewing their performance and providing consequences. These are two steps of _____ management.

performance

The continuous cycle of improving job performance through defining performance, monitoring and evaluating performance, reviewing performance, and providing consequences is known as _____.

performance management

Agreeableness, emotional stability, self-esteem, conscientiousness, and openness to experience are measured on ______ tests.

personality

Are you working from the bottom up? yes

political

A job _______ involves placing information about job vacancies and qualifications on bulletin boards, company newsletters and/or on the organization's intranet to make existing employees aware of current vacancies.

posting

Individuals who are asked to provide assessments of former employees are known as _____.

references

To reduce employee resistance, rewards systems should ______ proposed changes.

reinforce

If research shows that a particular test measures the same thing consistently, the test has high _______.

reliability

Activities and ceremonies, planned and unplanned, that celebrate important occasions and accomplishments in an organization's life are known as rites and ______.

rituals

When Joe screens job applicants to ensure that he hires the most qualified candidate, he is performing the human resource function known as the ______ process.

selection

Concerns about the environment and pressure to reduce the amount of waste produced has led several cities to enact laws banning plastic bags, which has in turn promoted a rise in the production and availability of reusable canvas bags. This is an example of ______ acting as external forces for change.

social and political pressures

The process by which people learn the values, norms, and required behaviors that permit them to participate as members of an organization is known as organizational ______.

socialization

As more and more companies become proficient at bringing products and services to market, ______ is emerging as a necessary and powerful competitive weapon.

speed

A ______ is a narrative about the company's history that is repeated by an organization's members in order to emphasize a particular value.

story

A company's ______ is the large-scale action plan that encompasses the company's vision and is used to create the direction for the business.

strategy

Are you working from the bottom up? no

structural, human resource, symbolic

The formal system of task and reporting relationships that coordinates and motivates an organization's members to achieve the company's goals is called the organizational ______.

structure

Increasing segmentation of the marketplace and the need to get products to market faster in light of competitors' specialized solutions are examples of ______ currently influencing the future of business.

supertrends

Manufacturing automation and office automation are examples of ______ that are forces for change outside the organization.

technological advancements

Any machine or process that enables an organization to gain a competitive advantage in changing materials used to produce a finished product qualifies as ______.

technology

What is Cultural Quotient (CQ)

the ability to relate and effectively work with people from different cultural backgrounds

In order to overcome employee resistance to innovative change, change agents must first have a ______.

trusting relationship

The public library in Emily's town wants patrons to scan their own books to check them out instead of having library employees do it. At first, the employees felt that this approach would create an impersonal way to check out books, but management has encouraged the employees to let go of the old way of doing things by explaining to them that they will be more useful working as information specialists in another area of the library. Which stage of Lewin's change model does this represent?

unfreezing

In organizational culture, enacted values represent the ______.

values and norms that are actually exhibited in the organization