Marina Fahmy 2017 day 888 -= Revision ِِِِA

#NAME?

Choose the correct answer:

A letter was written by Rania. Rania wrote a letter.

Choose the correct answer:

After a lot of red tape, he got his passport.

win (won / won) يفوز بـ / يكسب (يأتى بعده الشئ الذى نفوز به أو نكسبه)

transmission ارسال

suspectيشك أو يشتبه فى suspect شخص مشتبه فيه

get rid of يتخلص من be produced from ينتج من

switch off يطفئ (جهاز / النور) at the weekend فى عطلة نهاية الأسبوع

connected متصل disconnected غير متصل

switch off يوقف switch on يُشغل

on his journey / trip فى رحلته compare ...... with يقارن بـ

without a break بدون توقف keep fit يحافظ على اللياقة البدنية

I haven't heard from my cousin for so long.

take place يحدث take the place of يحل محل

suffer from يعانى من take control يسيطر / يتحكم

take the train يركب القطار in his forties فى الاربعينات من عمره

well-known for مشهور بـ free ... from يخلص (يحرر) . من

tell about يتحدث عن be put in prison يوضع فى السجن

main رئيسى arrangement ترتيب

temperature درجة الحرارة plan يخطط / خطة

الأسماء التي لا تُعد يمكن استخدامها مع الكلمات و العبارات الآتية:

the / any / some / much / how much / this / that / a lot of

Increase by ... % يزداد بنسبة . % afraid of خائف من

work on excavation يعمل فى التنقيب at the time of فى وقت كذا

roar يزأر limp يعرج lie يكذب / ينام camp يعسكر

work يعمل fall يقع come يأتي happen يحدث

capture يستولى على/ يأسر/يحصل على harness يُسخر/يستخدم/يستغل

workplace مكان العمل nuclear waste نفايات نووية

activities أنشطة real حقيقى

worries هموم Greeks اليونانيون

queen ملكة tourist offices مكاتب سياحية

wounded injured مصاب military forces القوات العسكرية

ordinary عادى transport النقل / المواصلات

zero gravity انعدام الجاذبية communications اتصالات

perform يؤدى دور فى مسرحية somewhere فى مكان ما

the longest-running تعرض لأطول فترة identity card البطاقة الشخصية

the poor الفقراء - the disabled المعاقين

the rich الأغنياء - the injured المصابون استخدام the قبل بعض الصفات يحول الصفة الى اسم يدل على مجموعة

geo earth مقطع بمعنى الأرض steam بخار

thermal heat حرارة hot springs ينابيع مياه ساخنة

insects حشرات hero بطل

thirsty عطشان describe يصف

rubber مطاط repair يصلح

tidal power طاقة المد و الجزر contact يتصل بـ

Ex: I enjoy meeting new people.

Choose the correct answer:

Ex: I'd like to be an engineer.

Choose the correct answer:

He drives 80 miles an hour.

Choose the correct answer:

50- We spent the day on the beach but it was too cold to go (swim-to swim-swimming-swam).

Find the mistakes in each of the following sentences then write it correctly:

30- Methane (produce-produces-is produced-is producing) by decaying rubbish.

Find the mistakes in each of the following sentences then write them correctly:

50- Energy from the sun can be turned (out-over-on-into) electricity or heat.

Find the mistakes in each of the following sentences then write them correctly:

Past Simple Tense زمن الماضى البسيط

Form: التكوين

زمن المضارع البسيط : المبنى للمعلوم

Form: التكوين

It's (This) is the only ......

In the last few years / months فى السنوات الأخيرة

It's/This is the first (second ...) time ... It's (This) is the only ......

In the last few years فى السنوات الأخيرة In recent yearsفى السنوات الحديثة

كما يستخدم المضارع التام مع هذه التعبيرات

It's/This is the first (second ...) time ...

لاحظ استخدام a lot of فى الجمل المثبتة.

Nouns and noun phrases which refer to groups:

#NAME?

Nouns which look plural:

I want to ask your advice about ...... The best thing you could do would be to

Respond to each of the following situations:

15- I've decided that I (will tidy-tidy-am tidying-am going to tidy) my room this morning.

Rewrite using the word(s) in brackets to give the same meaning:

15- Nobody knows the identical of the spies.

Translate into English:

لاحظ استخدام a lot of فى الجمل المثبتة.

Uncountable uses of nouns:

At the age of seven, I was taken to Jordon by my parents.

Usage: الاستخدام

Something is wrong with his car, so it has been taken to the garage.

Usage: الاستخدام

Somebody phoned me while the dinner was being cooked.

Usage:الاستخدام

يستخدم المضارع التام مع هذه الكلمات.

already: تأتى فى الأسئلة و الجمل المثبتة

#NAME?

for: و يأتى بعدها مدة زمنية

- I have seen the film already.

just: تأتى فى الجمل المثبتة

- Nothing like this has ever happened to us.

never: تستخدم فى الجمل المنفية

In recent years فى السنوات الحديثة

over the ages / over the years / over the centuries علي مر العصور/ السنين/القرون

- He has lived in Cairo for 10 years.

since: يأتى بعدها بداية الحدث أو جملة فى زمن الماضى البسيط

#NAME?

so far / lately / recently:

As soon as the photograph had been taken, it was shown to his friend.

usage: الاستخدام

- I've just spoken to Ahmed on the phone.

yet: تأتى فى نهاية الأسئلة و الجمل المنفية

#NAME?

إذا كان الفعل ينتهى بحرف e يحذف عند إضافة الـ ing

Tom didn't answer the exam. The exam wasn't answered by Tom.

إذا كانت الجملة تبدأ بـ Nobody / No one نحول ever إلى never إن وجدت. و فى حالة عدم و جودها ننفى بـ not

No one must ever break the law. The law must never be broken.

إذا كانت الجملة تحتوى على مفعولين يمكن أن نبدأ بالمفعول الأول أو الثانى. و اذا بدأن بالمفعول الثانى نستخدم حرف الجر to / for قبل المفعول الأول

#NAME?

استخدامات will:

#NAME?

الآفعال اللازمة (و هى الأفعال التى لا يليها مفعول) لا تستخدم فى صيغة المبنى للمجهول و لا يليها (فاعل (by + مثل:

Countable uses of nouns:

الأسماء التي تُعد تستخدم مفرد أو جمع:

Uncountable uses of nouns:

الأسماء التي لا تُعد لا تجمع والفعل معها مفرد ولا يُستخدم معها a / an مثل:

#NAME?

الأسماء التي لا تُعد يمكن استخدامها مع الكلمات و العبارات الآتية:

Passive The bank robbers got caught.

الأفعال آلاتية make/see/hear/watch يليها مفعول ثم مصدر و عند التحويل إلى مبنى للمجهول نستخدم to قبل المصدر. أما الفعل let يتحول الى allowed to

Nouns which look plural:

العبارات الدالة علي الكمية و المبالغ المالية والزمن و الثمن و المسافة و الوزن ودرجات الحرارة تُعامل معاملة المفرد مع الفعل:

- It isn't a good idea to borrow money.

بعض الأسماء التي لا تُعد يمكن أن تسبقها الأداة a/an إذا جاءت قبلها الصفة:

#NAME?

بعض الأسماء المنتهية بحرف s مثل الألعاب الرياضية و المواد الدراسية يُستخدم معها دائما فعل مفرد:

زمن المضارع البسيط : المبنى للمجهول

تتكون زمن المضارع البسيط فى صيغة المبنى للمجهول من:

- Watch out! The baby is going to fall.

تستخدم going to للتعبير عن خطط (plans) و نوايا (intentions) و قرارات (decisions).

- When I get home, I'm going to watch the news on TV.

تستخدم going to للتنبؤ بحدث فى المستقبل و يوجد له دليل الآن.

- Will you look at my homework tonight, please? (Request)

تستخدم will للتهديد (threat) .

If / Unless + مضارع بسيط will / shall / can / may + inf.

تعبر الحالة الأولى عن أحداث محتملة فى المستقبل.

#NAME?

تُستخدم الكلمات a / an / the / one مع الأسماء التي تعد:

#NAME?

عندما نفكر فى أعضاء المجموعة كأفراد نستخدم فعل جمع

university جامعة staffهيئة العاملين population سكان

عندما نفكر فى المجموعة ككل أى كوحدة واحدة نستخدم فعل مفرد

Prefixes البادئات

فى بعض الكلمات تضاف بادئةprefix لتعطى معنى عكسى مثل:

Passive I want to be told the truth.

فى حالة الأفعال المتبوعة بـ (v.+ ing) نستخدم(being + p.p.) فى المبنى للمجهول.

He let me go. I was allowed to go.

فى حالة وجود adv. يوضع قبل التصريف الثالث.

#NAME?

كلمة school بمعني المكان الذي يتعلم فيه الطلاب لا تُعد أما إذا قصدنا المدرسة كمبني فهي تُعد:

#NAME?

كلمة the public بمعني عامة الناس يأتي معها الفعل جمع أو مفرد :

- Unless he works hard, he won't succeed.

كما تعبر الحالة الأولى عن احتمال حقيقى فى المضارع.

- It's ages since I last saw him.

كما يستخدم المضارع التام مع هذه التعبيرات

a two-hour mission مهمة لمدة سا عتين

لاحظ أن two-hour عبارة عن صفة مركبة و الصفة لا تجمع و لذلك لم نجمع كلمة hour

#NAME?

لاحظ أننا نستخدم فعل جمع مع: police / people / cattle

لاحظ استخدام many فى الجمل المنفية و الأسئلة.

لاحظ استخدام a lot of فى الجمل المثبتة.

لاحظ استخدام much فى الجمل المنفية و الأسئلة.

لاحظ استخدام a lot of فى الجمل المثبتة.

#NAME?

لاحظ استخدام any فى الأسئلة و الجمل المنفية.

لاحظ استخدام some فى الجمل المثبتة و الأسئلة التى تعبر عن عرض أو طلب.

لاحظ استخدام many فى الجمل المنفية و الأسئلة.

لاحظ استخدام some فى الجمل المثبتة و الأسئلة التى تعبر عن عرض أو طلب.

لاحظ استخدام much فى الجمل المنفية و الأسئلة.

لاحظ استخدام any فى الأسئلة و الجمل المنفية.

لاحظ استخدام some فى الجمل المثبتة و الأسئلة التى تعبر عن عرض أو طلب.

It's the first time I have ever seen a lion.

لاحظ التركيب التالى:

#NAME?

لاحظ انه يفضل استخدام المبنى للمجهول للتعبير عن الحقائق العلمية.

#NAME?

لاحظ صيغة السؤال مع if

Nouns and noun phrases which refer to groups:

معظم الأسماء التي تُشير إلي مجموعات يمكن أن يُستخدم معها فعل مفرد أو جمع مثل:

#NAME?

ملاحظات هامة:

(فى هذه الجملة نهتم بالفندق و نبيل و لا نهتم بمن شيد الفندق أو بمن دعا نبيل)

نستخدم المبنى للمجهول عندما لا نريد أن نقول من قام بالفعل.

- My car was stolen last night. هنا لا نعرف من قام بالحدث))

نستخدم المبنى للمجهول عندما لا نهتم بمن قام بالفعل.

#NAME?

نستخدم المبنى للمجهول:

الاستخدام:

نستخدم صيغة المبنى للمجهول عندما لا نعرف من قام بالحدث.

Used to + inf. اعتاد على

نستخدم مصدر used to + للتعبير عن التناقض بين العادات أو المواقف فى الماضى و الحاضر.

Future time زمن المستقبل

هناك طرق مختلفة للتعبير عن المستقبل:

ملاحظات هامة:

هناك كلمات أخرى يمكن أن تكون countable أو uncountable مع اختلاف المعني مثل:

- There are 60 seconds in one minute.

وتُستخدم الأسماء التي تُعد أيضا مع الكلمات الآتية:

#NAME?

ولكن لاحظ أننا نقول:

We need two lights in this room. مصباح كهربي

يأتى بعد few / a few اسم يعد مع ملاحظة أن

1) Future Simple زمن المستقبل البسيط

يتكون المستقبل البسيط من: المصدر will / shall +

5)The future continuous زمن المستقبل المستمر

يتكون المستقبل المستمر من (will / shall + be + v. + ing) و يعبر عن حدث سوف يكون مستمرا فى وقت محدد فى المستقبل.

Form: التكوين

يتكون المضارع البسيط من مصدر الفعل بدون to مثل: play / go / eat

Form: التكوين

يتكون المضارع المستمر من am / is / are + v. + ing

- We met in 1987. - We didn't meet in Egypt. Where did we meet?

يستخدم الماضى البسيط مع الكلمات الآتية:

يستخدم الماضى التام للتعبير عن حدث وقع قبل حدث آخر فى الماضى.

يستخدم الماضى التام مع هذه الروابط:

Usage: الاستخدام

يستخدم المضارع البسيط للتعبير عن حقائق تكون دائما

#NAME?

يستخدم المضارع البسيط للتعبير عن عادة habit أو حدث متكرر repeated action

#NAME?

يستخدم المضارع البسيط مع ظروف التكرار و تأتى قبل الفعل الأساسى فى الجملة أو بعد verb to be (am / is / are)

- I'm reading an interesting book at the moment.

يستخدم المضارع المستمر مع الكلمات الآتية:

sell - sells say - says

يضاف es للفعل المنتهى بــ o / ss / sh / ch / x مع الفاعل المفرد الغائب

يتكون المضارع البسيط من مصدر الفعل بدون to مثل: play / go / eat

يضاف للفعل حرف s / es / ies مع الفاعل المفرد الغائب (he / she /it)

Usage: الاستخدام

يعبر الماضى البسيط عن حدث بدأ وانتهى فى الماضى.

4)The present simple زمن المضارع البسيط

يعبر المضارع البسيط عن حدث مؤكد فى المستقبل بسبب جدول مواعيد الخاص مثلا بوسائل المواصلات و السينما و المسرح و المدرسة و جداول الامتحانات.

- I'm leaving early today. I've arranged it with the headmaster.

يعبر المضارع المستمر عن حدث يحدث و لكن ليس بالضرورة فى لحظة الكلام.

- Please don't make so much noise. I'm studying.

يعبر المضارع المستمر عن شئ تم ترتيبه من قبل.

Usage: الاستخدام

يعبر المضارع المستمر عن فعل يحدث الآن أو لحظة الكلام.

- What will you do if you win a lot of money?

يمكن أن نستخدم should بدلا من if و يليها فاعل ثم مصدر

A mobile was bought for me.

يمكن أن نستخدم الفعل get بدلا من verb to be عند التحويل إلى مبنى للمجهول خاصة مع التصريف الثالث من الأفعال الآتية:

#NAME?

يمكن أن يأتى بعد when ماضى بسيط ثم ماضى مستمر أو العكس حسب المعنى.

- If we have enough time, we can visit Ahmed.

يمكن أن يكون جواب الشرط أمر أو طلب.

- If you're hot, I'll buy you a cool drink.

يمكن استخدام can / may بدلا من will

#NAME?

يمن أن نستخدم on بدلا من When و يأتى بعدها فعل ينتهى بـ ing أو اسم:

B) Read the following quotation and answer the questions:

"Did you have a good flight?"

B) Read the following quotation and answer the questions:

"I didn't want to tell him exactly where Dr Hafez's excavations were taking place"

B) Read the following quotation and answer the questions:

"That's a sign that it may be a royal tomb."

B) Read the following quotation and answer the questions:

"Two days ago we found a wall in the city. We think it may be the wall of a tomb."

الأسماء التي تُعد تستخدم مفرد أو جمع:

#NAME?

العبارات الدالة علي الكمية و المبالغ المالية والزمن و الثمن و المسافة و الوزن ودرجات الحرارة تُعامل معاملة المفرد مع الفعل:

#NAME?

تستخدم no longer بدلا من used to ويأتي بعدها الفعل في زمن الضارع البسيط:

#NAME?

عندما نفكر فى أعضاء المجموعة كأفراد نستخدم فعل جمع

#NAME?

عندما نفكر فى المجموعة ككل أى كوحدة واحدة نستخدم فعل مفرد

#NAME?

كلمة the public بمعني عامة الناس يأتي معها الفعل جمع أو مفرد :

#NAME?

لاحظ أننا نستخدم فعل جمع مع: police / people / cattle

#NAME?

ولكن لاحظ أننا نقول:

#NAME?

يتكون المستقبل البسيط من: المصدر will / shall +

#NAME?

يعبر الماضى المستمر عن حدث كان مستمرا عندما قطعه حدث آخر فى الماضى.

#NAME?

يعبر الماضى المستمر عن حدث مستمر أثناء وقت معين فى الماضى.

#NAME?

يعبر الماضى المستمر عن حدثين كانا يحدثان فى نفس الوقت.

#NAME?

يعبر المضارع البسيط عن حالة أو موقف حقيقى دائم true situation

#NAME?

يعبر المضارع التام عن حدث بدأ فى الماضى و مازال مستمرا فى الحاضر.

#NAME?

يمكن أن نستخدم During بدلا من While و يأتى بعدها فعل ينتهى بـ ing أو اسم:

#NAME?

#NAME?

#NAME?

- Can / Could you tell me .? Yes, that's fine

#NAME?

- I expect I will ('ll) see you tomorrow.

#NAME?

- I go to work at 7 o'clock.

#NAME?

- If plants don't get enough water, they die.

#NAME?

- She completed her education in 1995.

#NAME?

- There aren't many cars on the road this morning.

#NAME?

- This hotel was built in 1997.

#NAME?

- We don't have any butter.

#NAME?

- We don't have much time left.

#NAME?

- We'll see the whole match if we leave now.

#NAME?

- كلمة school بمعني المكان الذي يتعلم فيه الطلاب لا تُعد أما إذا قصدنا المدرسة كمبني فهي تُعد:

#NAME?

any / some / many / the / How many / two / three, etc. / a lot of

#NAME?

little: not much or enough; hardly any كمية قليلة و لا تكفى

#NAME?

mathematics الرياضيات/ maths الرياضيات / economics علم الاقتصاد/ physics الفيزياء

#NAME?

rarely / seldom نادراً - never أبداً - ever - frequently - occasionally

#NAME?

stand يقف stay يمكث sleep ينام rain تمطر

#NAME?

the / any / some / much / how much / this / that / a lot of

#NAME?

تقديم معلومات

#NAME?

فى حالة عدم وجود فاعل بعد while نستخدم فعل ينتهى بـ ing :

#NAME?

مفعول + am / is / are + pp + by + فاعل

#NAME?

gain: experience خبرة/information معلومات / Knowledge معرفة) يكتسب

(weight وزن / height طول/ speed سرعة) يزداد

فاعل الجملة الثانية + v. to be + pp + to + مصدر الفعل الثانى فى الجملة

(فى المضارع و المستقبل)

فاعل الجملة الثانية + v. to be + pp + to + have + pp (من الفعل الثانى)

(فى حالة الماضى و الأزمنة التامة)

#NAME?

(لا نحتاج معرفة من يعد الطعام)

- Our post is delivered every morning at about nine o'clock.

(نعرف أن ساعى البريد هو الذى يقوم بتوصيل البريد)

- "Can I come and see you at 4 o'clock tomorrow?"

- "No, I'll be driving to the airport then. Come at 2.30, before I leave."

- Have you already written to John?

- He has already had dinner.

- I'm going to watch the TV news before I go to bed.

- He isn't going to visit his uncle until Saturday.

تستخدمany more / any longer بدلا من used to مع نفى الفعل في المضارع البسيط و تأتى في نهاية الجملة:

- He used to smoke. He doesn't smoke any more.

نستخدم مصدر used to + للتعبير عن التناقض بين العادات أو المواقف فى الماضى و الحاضر.

- He used to swim everyday. He doesn't do this now.

يعبر المضارع المستمر عن حدث فى المستقبل تم الترتيب له و هو محدد.

- He's travelling to Assiut tomorrow. (He's got his ticket.)

يعبر المضارع المستمر عن حدث فى المستقبل تم الترتيب له و هو محدد.

- He's travelling to Assiut tomorrow. He's got his ticket.

تستخدم shall مع I / we.

- I / we shall go to Assiut next month.

- I'm going home in half an hour. I've arranged it with the boss.

- I can't see you tomorrow. We're visiting relatives.

#NAME?

- I don't think she will get the job.

- He has lived in Cairo for 10 years. - I haven't seen him since last week.

- I haven't seen him since he left for Cairo.

- I haven't seen him since last week.

- I haven't seen him since he left for Cairo.

- I think I'm going to fail this exam. I haven't done much work.

- I think it's going to rain. The sky's looking very dark.

تعبر willعن حقائق مستقبلية (future facts).

- I'll be 16 next week.

- I'll leave the office after I finish (have finished) my work.

- I'll finish my work before I leave (have left) the office.

تستخدم will فى العرض (offer) و كذلك فى الطلب (request)

- I'll go shopping with you if you like. (Offer)

تستخدمwill للتنبؤ عن أحداث مستقبلية predictions) ).

- I'll probably be away for a week.

this time tomorrow / soon

- I'll travel tomorrow morning.

#NAME?

- I'm eating ice cream now.

2) Going to

- I'm going to watch the TV news before I go to bed.

تُستخدم الكلمات a / an / the / one مع الأسماء التي تعد:

- I've just seen a train.

- I've just seen a train.

- I've just seen an accident.

يعبر المضارع التام عن حدث انتهى فى الماضى و لازالت آثاره باقية حتى الآن.

- I've lost my keys. I can't open the door.

تعبر الحالة الأولى عن أحداث محتملة فى المستقبل.

- If it rains, we'll get wet.

لاحظ انه يفضل استخدام المبنى للمجهول للتعبير عن الحقائق العلمية.

- If water is heated to 100° c, it boils.

كما تعبر الحالة الأولى عن احتمال حقيقى فى المضارع.

- If you're hot, I'll buy you a cool drink.

- No, I have never been to the zoo. - He has typed five letters so far.

- It has been hot lately. - He has bought a new mobile recently.

#NAME?

- It isn't a good idea to borrow money.

It's / It's been + مدة زمنية + since ماضى بسيط مثبت

- It's ages since I last saw him.

يمكن أن يأتى بعد because ماضى مستمر و الفعل الأخر ماضى بسيط.

- Magdy couldn't hear the phone because he was having a shower.

- This lesson doesn't finish until 2.30.

- My plane leaves at 7.30 in the morning.

- I'm going to make some coffee. Do you want some?

- My sister is going to apply for a place at medical school.

- Shall we have a party? (Suggestion)

- Shall I help you with your homework? (Offer)

تستخدم shall لعمل اقتراحات (suggestions) و فى العرض .(offer)

- Shall I meet you on Friday? (suggestion)

بعض الأسماء التي لا تُعد يمكن أن تسبقها الأداة a/an إذا جاءت قبلها الصفة:

- She completed her education in 1995.

- I'm going home in half an hour. (I've arranged it with the boss.)

- She's flying to India in the summer. (She's arranged that)

تعبر will عن قرار سريع (quick decision).

- That's the phone - I'll answer it.

يعبر المضارع البسيط عن حدث مؤكد فى المستقبل بسبب جدول مواعيد الخاص مثلا بوسائل المواصلات و السينما و المسرح و المدرسة و جداول الامتحانات.

- The course starts in October.

- Where's the book I lent you?

- There are 60 seconds in one minute.

#NAME?

- There aren't many cars on the road this morning.

#NAME?

- They haven't eaten yet.

- He has already had dinner. - I've just spoken to Ahmed on the phone.

- They haven't eaten yet. - Have you ever been to the zoo?

#NAME?

- They're building a new school in the village.

- Have you ever been to the zoo?

- This is the most exciting film I have ever seen.

- The course starts in October.

- This lesson doesn't finish until 2.30.

- I'm not doing anything tomorrow. (I've arranged that)

- Tomorrow, we are visiting friends. (We've arranged that)

#NAME?

- Unless he works hard, he won't succeed.

- He isn't going to visit his uncle until Saturday.

- Watch out! The baby is going to fall.

1- للتأكيد على كلمة أو فكرة معينة ، غالبا الفاعل الرئيسى للجملة

- Water is brought to people's houses in large plastic bottles.

#NAME?

- We don't have any butter.

#NAME?

- We don't have much time left.

يعبر الماضى البسيط عن حدث بدأ وانتهى فى الماضى.

- We met in 1987. - We didn't meet in Egypt. Where did we meet?

#NAME?

- We usually have lunch at 2.00 p.m.

- If it rains, we'll get wet.

- We'll see the whole match if we leave now.

تستخدم going to للتعبير عن خطط (plans) و نوايا (intentions) و قرارات (decisions).

- We're saving up because we're going to buy a car.

#NAME?

- What does "..." mean? - It means

- I've just seen an accident.

- Where's the book I lent you?

Future time زمن المستقبل

1) Future Simple زمن المستقبل البسيط

Respond to each of the following situations:

1- A friend asks for your opinion about the problem of pollution.

1- Respond to each of the following situations:

1- A friend asks you the time of the next lesson.

Situations with Model Answers

1- A friend asks you the time of the next lesson.

1- Respond to each of the following situations:

1- A friend asks you your opinion about the importance of the rainforests. Say what you think.

2- Mention the place, the speakers and the language function in each of the following two mini-dialogues:

1- A: Could you show me how to make a cup Place:

2- Mention the place, the speakers and the language function in each of the following two mini-dialogues:

1- A: Could you tell our listeners what you are

2- Mention the place, the speakers and the language function in each of the following two mini-dialogues:

1- A: I'd like to know what is on today. Place:

2- Mention the place, the speakers and the language function in each of the following two mini-dialogues:

1- A: Why are you late? Place:

C) Complete the following sentences:

1- Dr Hafez and Leila discussed some of the differences between ........................... .

@ Translate into English:

1- Films have to tell a story in a very short time. They often leave out some of the minor characters in books. They sometimes add scenes to make the story more exciting.

Find the mistakes in each of the following sentences then write them correctly:

1- Five litres of petrol are enough for me to get to work.

Choose the correct answer:

1- How (much-many-long-little) people are there in the team?

A) Give short answers to the following questions:

1- How many students did the team need?

Choose the correct answer:

1- I (used to read-was reading-had read-have read) the newspaper everyday. Now I don't have the time.

4-Find the mistake in each of the following sentences, then write it correctly:

1- I fixed the lake in the petrol tank.

@ Find the mistake in each of the following sentences then write it correctly:

1- If it will rain, we will get wet.

@ Choose the correct answer:

1- If someone decides to live in a particular place, we say they (put up-put down-put off-put out) roots there.

Choose the correct answer:

1- In many countries, the wind (use-uses-is using-is used) to generate electricity.

Choose the correct answer:

1- It's arranged. We (are going-will go-go-shall go) to the Red Sea this summer.

C) Complete the following sentences:

1- Leila had to take a connecting flight to Lima because ..............................

Choose the correct answer:

1- Many children are (ashamed-shy-spy-secret) about talking to their teacher when they first go to school.

C) Complete the following sentences:

1- Martin Lander used to work for..................................................................

3-Choose the correct answer from a, b, c or d:

1- Millions of people watched the rocket .................. on TV.

@ Choose the correct answer:

1- Noise pollution in cities is often (reduce-reducing-reduced-reduction) by trees.

3-Choose the correct answer from a, b, c or d:

1- Our favourite musical ................... is the piano

A) Language Functions

1- Respond to each of the following situations:

Find the mistakes in each of the following sentences then write it correctly:

1- She sent me the report as an e-mail letter.

Respond to each of the following situations:

1- Someone says that modern technology has improved everyone's lives. You don't agree.

Find the mistakes in each of the following sentences then write then correctly:

1- Statistics is the study of the language and history of the ancient Greeks and Romans.

C) Complete the following sentences:

1- The Incas killed women and servants and buried them with the king so that .....................................................................................................................

Find the mistake in each of the following sentences, then write it correctly:

1- The astronaut is travelling into space to destroy the International Space Station.

3-Choose the correct answer from a, b, c or d:

1- The little girl doesn't want to sing because she is .................. .

4-Find the mistake in each of the following sentences, then write it correctly:

1- The married team went to Italy on their honeymoon.

Choose the correct answer:

1- The teacher asked us to (make-take-work-do) online search about how electricity is made from waves and tides.

Translate into English:

1- There has been a massive explosion in the types of writing that we see now. Traditionally, there were books, magazines, articles, letters, notes and reports. Now we have e-mails, web pages, texts and many more.

Rewrite using the word(s) in brackets to give the same meaning:

1- This year's prize for crime fiction has won by a 78-year-old man.

4-Find the mistake in each of the following sentences, then write it correctly:

1- Traveling by plane sometimes makes me a headache.

@ Find the mistake in each of the following sentences then write it correctly:

1- Trees help the earth to breathing.

Find the mistakes in each of the following sentences then write them correctly:

1- Twenty million people saw the new film already.

Choose the correct answer:

1- Water is the (liquid-soft-solid-hard) form of ice.

4-Find the mistake in each of the following sentences, then write it correctly:

1- Water is the solid form of ice.

A) Answer the following Questions:

1- What "change" does the writer refer to in the first paragraph?

7-A) Answer the following questions:

1- What did Lander tell Leila about his work?

A) Give short answers to the following questions:

1- What did the writer think was wrong with the internet and for cancer cure?

A) Answer the following Questions:

1- What does the phrase the father of medicine mean?

A) Answer the following Questions:

1- What happens if people don't sleep?

A) Give short answers to the following questions:

1- What happens when asteroids hit the Earth?

A) Give short answers to the following questions:

1- What three forms of energy are referred to in the article?

7-A) Answer the following questions:

1- What was Dr Hafez looking for? Why?

A) Give short answers to the following questions:

1- When did Alfred Nobel die?

A) Give short answers to the following questions:

1- Where did Jackson look for other dogs to play with?

"Not many people know about it, so, yes, it is sort of secret."

1- Who said this to whom?

"Yes, of course. They asked about it in Customs."

1- Who said this to whom?

"You must tell Dr Hafez to take good care of you."

1- Who said this to whom?

7-A) Answer the following questions:

1- Why did Leila fly to Peru?

7-A) Answer the following questions:

1- Why is the laser machine a secret?

"Dr Hafez, I think we need to go. The plane to Cuzco leaves very soon, doesn't it?"

1- Why was Leila in such a hurry?

orange / paper / coffee / hair / chicken / glass / time / cold / light / iron

1- Would you like an orange? (the fruit(برتقالة

1- Respond to each of the following situations:

1- You are doing a survey about energy in your town. You would like to ask someone some questions. Explain the situation.

@ Respond to each of the following situations:

1- You ask your friend to show you how to log onto the internet.

Respond to each of the following situations:

1- Your friend asks you how you can keep fit. What do you say?

1- Respond to each of the following situations:

1- Your friend has joined a reading group. You want to know the number of people in the group.

Respond to the following situation:

1- Your friend tells you that he is going to travel to space.

B) Translate into English:

1- إن مبلغ اثنين مليون جنيه مال كثير.

B) Translate into English:

1- بينما كان ينتهى من قصة, كان يفكر فى القصة التالية.

Translate into English:

1- تعتبر أجاثا كريستى ملكة قصص الجريمة الانجليزية.

B) Translate into English:

1- تنشئ الحكومة مشروعات عملاقة لتوفير فرص عمل للشباب و زيادة الدخل القومي .

Translate into English:

1- كان يحيى حقى يؤمن بقوة التعليم و قام بتدعيم العديد من الكتاب المصرين الشباب.

خطوات تحويل الجملة من مبنى للمجهول إلى مبنى للمعلوم:

1- نحذف by و نبدأ بما يليها و اذا لم توجد نبدأ بفاعل مناسب.

B) Translate into English:

1- يجب على الحكومة تشجيع مواطنيها على زرع شجرة أو اثنتين فى أراضيهم.

rubbish القمامة increase يزيد / يزداد

tower برج materials مواد

properly كما ينبغى apply يتقدم بطلب

training تدريب frightening مخيف

innocence براءة innocent برئ

transmit يرسل transmitter جهاز ارسال

blade ريشة المروحة / نصل develop يطور

transport ينقل bury/buried/ buried يدفن

9- A: Are you leaving this evening? B: Yes, my train (is going to leave-will leave-leaves-has left) at 7.15.

10- A: Have you made any arrangements for next week? B: Yes, I (will meet-meet-am meeting-have met) a friend from Cairo on Monday.

a) is feared b) feared c) has feared d) fears

10- Agatha Christie ............ the Mousetrap in 1947.

9- The letter hasn't delivered yet.

10- As soon as he has found a place, he parked his car.

9- Some animals are on danger.

10- He suffers of a severe headache.

a) is going to rain b) will rain c) is raining d) rains

10- I expect I ............... you at the weekend.

9- If it (has rained-will rain-had rained-rains), our plants will grow well.

10- If people (don't get-won't get-hadn't got-wouldn't get) enough food, they become ill.

a) will heat b) is heated c) heats d) has heated

10- If you work hard, you ........................ well in the test.

9- For some people, reading and watching films are forms of (fiction-ecotourism-waste-escapism).

10- In the past, many English children studied (classics-glasses-clinics-cosmetics) at school. Now most schools teach modern languages.

9- A surgeon is a person you think may have done a crime.

10- In the way back to his hotel, he was arrested by the police.

9- It (believes-is believed-is believing-has believed) that schools teach languages to younger students.

10- It (reported-has reported-is reporting-has been reported) that archaeologists have found a new Pyramid at Saqqara.

9- That old bridge over the river is very weak. They will have to (lengthen-strengthen-narrow-weaken) it soon.

10- My new trousers are too long, so my mother is going to (broaden-widen-deepen-shorten) them for me.

9- Magdi Yacoub was one of the first heart transplant (captains-players-pioneers-astronauts).

10- Scientists are paid to (avoid-develop-work-do) new medicines every year to help people.

9- I feel terrible. I think I'll be sick.

10- The film is starting at 7.30.

9- Space (fusions-miseries-professions-missions) can take several years.

10- The moon has less (degree-gravity-destiny-humidity) than the earth, so you could jump much higher there.

9- Hydroelectric power does not pollinate the environment.

10- There are many different shapes of energy.

9- Nothing is knowing about the missing jewels.

10- Water is boiling at 100 °C.

She bought an iron yesterday. مكواة

10-The sun gives us light الضوء / لا تُعد

a) has been written b) wrote c) has written d) was written

11- All the information you need .................. on the internet.

10- They were being painting the house when I arrived.

11- America was discovered by Christopher Columbus.

10- Anthony Hope's first novel did him a lot of money.

11- Escape a kind of entertainment that helps people to forget about their worries.

10- Travelling from Alex to Cairo is only a two hours drive in a car.

11- Gymnastics are a sport in which physical exercises and movements are performed.

10- Mr Ratchett believed that his wife is (in-at-with-by) danger.

11- He's going to do a (delay-survey-convey-journey) of people's film-watching habits and references.

10- Did you used to play with dolls?

11- I have seen him yesterday.

10- When he (visits-will visit-visiting-visit) me tomorrow, I'll tell him all about my new book.

11- I think it (will rain-is going to rain-is raining-rains). The sky is cloudy.

a) would do b) could do c) might do d) will do

11- If she .....................hard, she will win next week's race.

10- In many countries, people have to carry (an individual-an identity-a personal-a national) card to prove who they are.

11- In Britain in the 1940s, people were afraid of an (innocence-invasion-excavation-invention) by the enemy.

10- Wind (turbines-wheels-bicycles-rings) have parts which are turned by the wind.

11- Many countries are now using more (nuclear-non smoking-non renewable-renewable) forms of energy from the sun and wind.

10- In many parts of the world, wood (burns-is burnt-is burning-to burn) to heat people's homes.

11- Plants and trees (are used-are using-will be using-use) for different purpose.

10- If you will eat an apple every day, you'll be very healthy.

11- She looks completely different if she cuts her hair.

10- He went to the (park-shop-museum-garage) to have his car repaired.

11- Something (had-went-worked-came) wrong with my car yesterday.

10- She has never been to London (yet-already-since-ever).

11- That pan is very hot. If you (pick-picked-will pick-had picked) it up, you'll burn your hand.

c) translated d) were being translated

11- The Romans ................... Petra nearly two thousands year ago.

a) 'm going to see b) 'm seeing c) 'll see d) see

11- The film .................. at 7.30 this evening.

10- Hurry! There is not many time left.

11- Three one-pound coins is on the table.

10- We can use wood as a fool for cooking and heating.

11- Wood produces can be turned into paper and cardboard.

10- Haqqi wrote about Arab society and costumes in the twentieth century.

11- Yehia Haqqi is thought of as the mother of the modern short story in Egypt.

10- I (enjoy-was enjoying-enjoyed-have enjoyed) reading novels since I was a young child.

11- Yesterday, my sister gave me a book she (had finished-has finished-finished-was finished) reading the day before.

10- Can I have (an-some-many-one) milk in my coffee, please?

11- You need (much-many-a lot of-a few) money to travel around the world.

11- We kept out of all the bread. Could you buy some when you go out?

12- A lot of countries depend of nuclear power.

11- A: Do you have any plans for the weekend. B: I (meet-'m going to meet-'ll meet-would meet) Professor Ali on Saturday morning.

12- A: I'm going on holiday to Europe this October. Should I take an umbrella? B: Yes, it (will probably rain-is probably raining-probably rains-has probably rained).

a) is going to start b) will start c) is starting d) starts

12- How ............... times have you seen that film?

a) trains b) will train c) trained d) had trained

12- If I ............... for too long, I get a headache.

11- If it rains for much longer, the river (will flood-is flooding-has flooded-flood).

12- If you heat ice, it (is melting-melted-melts-would melt).

11- In my grandfather's village, they still follow the same traditional (customs-habits-stations-costumes) that he used to follow when he was a boy.

12- My sister loves clothes and buys very (changeable-believable-fashionable-comparable) dresses.

11- He can't speak to you just now. He has a shower.

12- Oil finds far beneath the earth.

11- The knife doesn't cut very well. I need to (weaken-sharpen-harden-widen) it.

12- That film is so popular that the queues to see it (widen-strengthen-lengthen-long) every day.

11- Oliver Twist is the (fictional-fiction-frictional-fractional) hero of one of Charles Dickens' most famous novels.

12- The Prisoner of Zenda was ready for (education-declaration-publication-publicity) a few months after Anthony Hope thought of the idea.

a) can find b) can be found c) found d) can found

12- The meeting .................. at the moment.

11- With our surprise, he passed the driving test.

12- They spent their holiday in a small hotel over the English coast.

11- (Doing-Making-Having-Taking) gymnastics is a very good way of keeping fit.

12- Two of the (sticks-bars-tyres-spokes) on the front wheel of my bike were broken in the accident.

11- A famous tennis player is believed to (be hurt-hurt-have hurt-is hurt) after a city centre road accident.

12- We can't possibly allow the antiques (to sell-to be sold-to be selling-to being sold) abroad.

a) have captured b) were captured c) captured d) had captured

12- Your train leaves in ten minutes. If you hurry, you ............... it.

12- Coal, gas and oil are all types (from-of-about-with) fuel.

13- (Fossil-Fog-Pig-Frog) fuels like oil and gas are found under the ground.

12- I like films that make people (laugh-to laugh-laughing-laughed).

13- A doctor helped the detective to (answer-reply-response-solve) the crime.

a) will be held b) is being held c) will hold d) is holding

13- Bicycles ........................ by the Germans.

12- All the characters in this film are intentional. They are not real.

13- Chat is formal, organised discussion.

12- Our flight reaches our (destinations-goals-aims-delegations) at 7 pm.

13- Doctors are worried that the new drug may have serious (side-inside-sides-aside) effects.

12- My hands hardness when I was working on the farm.

13- Every year soft shells below the bark of a tree form new wood.

12- The car licked oil all over the drive.

13- His submission is to isolate the enemy by destroying all the bridges across the river.

12- The parcel (delivered-was delivering-was delivered-had delivered) when I was reading the newspaper.

13- I (used to read-was reading-had read-have read) at least one book a week, but now I don't read so many.

12- The washing machine delivers while I was reading the newspaper.

13- I am used to reading at least one book a week, but now I don't read so many.

12- The broken window (will replace-will be replaced-is replaced-replaces) tomorrow morning.

13- If I (will go-go-went-were going) to bed very late, I don't sleep well.

a) are catching b) would catch c) will catch d) catch

13- If I am thirsty, I ...................... Water.

12- He asked the electrician to fit (light-a light-some light-much light).

13- Let's go and have a coffee. We have (a few-many-a lot-a little) time before the train leaves.

12- Television was invent by John Logie Baird.

13- Someone has been broken the window.

a) many b) much c) lots d) different

13- The distance from her to Cairo and ............... two kilometres.

12- She often (is working-works-was working-work) at the weekend.

13- We (use-are used-will be used-is used) palm trees to produce vegetable oil.

12- The Romans (invited-invented-inspired-invaded) Britain in 43 BCE.

13- We saw a lot of photographs, but we couldn't (identify-publish-advertise-invent) the man we'd met.

12- The police is going to get new uniforms.

13- Would you like apple?

12- Yehia Haqqi's novels were translated with many languages.

13- Yehia Haqqi developed a new stale of writing.

12- You get heart disease if you eat too much meat.

13- You don't pass the course if you don't study.

a) will read b) had read c) would read d) read

13- Your train leaves in ten minutes. If you hurry, you ............... it.

13- His first job was as a (law-lawyer-lawful-lower).

14- A (diplomat-publisher-producer-performer) is someone who produces books, newspapers or magazines.

13- Novels are usually works of (fraction-friction-fiction-reflection), but they are often based on real life.

14- Anthony Hope's first novel was (declared-published-announced-said) in 1890.

a) are catching b) would catch c) will catch d) catch

14- If I am thirsty, I ...................... Water.

13- If we (had-have-will have-could have) enough time, we'll visit Ahmed.

14- If it rains tomorrow, we (will stay-stayed-say-might stay) at home.

a) will drink b) would drink c) am drinking d) drank

14- If water ..............., it boils.

13- Don't use off all the cheese, we need some for

14- It takes a long time learning a foreign language.

a) are b) has been c) is d) is being

14- Politics .................. my best subject at university.

a) was invented b) were invented c) invented d) invent

14- Prices ............... to rise more and more.

13- In Japan buildings (have construct-are constructing-are constructed-had constructed) to withstand earthquakes.

14- The Cairo Metro (may be extended-may extend-may be extending-may have extended) from Imbaba to Cairo airport.

13- They found the radio transfusion hidden in the bathroom.

14- The police officer could dissolve the crime.

13- I (visit-going to visit-am visiting-would visit) some relatives next Monday. It's already arranged.

14- The wind (uses-is used-is using-used) to generate electricity.

13- (Are you playing-Do you play-Shall you play-Do you go to play) tennis after school today?

14- We (have-are having-were having-would have) a party next Saturday. Would you like to come?

13- (Soup-Cap-Sap-Tap) is the liquid that carries food in trees.

14- We can use (turpentine-turbine-torpidity-turbot) to remove paint.

13- The (distance-area-space-way) between Cairo and London is 3, 5000 kilometers.

14- When you are (weighting-weight-weightless-weighty) in space, it must be very difficult to stand still.

13- Are you wanting to speak to him now?

14- Wood is using to make paper.

14- They (knew-had known-were known-have known) each other since they were children

15- As soon as he (has finished-was finishing-had finished-had been finished) eating, he did the washing up.

a) expected b) are expecting c) are expected d) expect

15- As soon as the tickets ..............., we went to the theatre.

14- Some forms of energy will (last-stand-keep-stay) forever.

15- For centuries, the wind has been used to (sell-sail-steal-stay) ships.

14- Athletics (am-were-is-are) my favourite sport.

15- How (many-much-a lot-a lot of) coffee did you drink? - Two cups.

14- She drinks much tea.

15- I don't know much people in this town.

a) will drink b) would drink c) am drinking d) drank

15- If I have any free time tomorrow, I ............... for a walk in the park.

14- If I cook some eggs, how many did you eat?

15- If you do not study, you would fail the test.

a) heated b) is heated c) heats d) is heating

15- My car ............... at the moment.

a) was b) were c) is d) are

15- My plane ............... at 7.30 in the morning.

14- Under our education order, you can choose the type of schooling that your child receives.

15- Some of the speaks of my bicycle wheel are broken.

14- Mobile phones are dangerous, as you cannot drive safely when speaking (in-on-with-by) a mobile phone.

15- Space tourists will be able to practise (weighting-weight-weightless-weighty) sports.

14- The paper might not have written.

15- The bedrooms have to clean.

14- The opening of the new school was a great occasional.

15- The concert takes part next Thursday.

14- Poirot worked (at-with-by-on) a doctor who was also on the train.

15- The court set the young man free because he was found (innocent-guilty-a spy-shy.

14- How did the man prove his (innocent-innocently-innocence-guilt)?

15- The enemy used radios to (transmit-talk-speak-transplant) messages to their ships.

14- While I come to school today, I met an old friend.

15- The room clean when the earthquake happened.

14- He was interested on the ancient Egyptian history.

15- This dress look old-fashion.

14- The more rain there is in a year, the narrower the tree rings are,

15- Turpentine is used as a paint mover.

14- Sugar cane is (grow-growing-to grow-grown) and used to make fuel for cars and other vehicles.

15- We (are used-use-using-to use) different types of energy in Egypt today.

14- I've played football (since-for-ago-from) five years.

15- We (haven't decided-didn't decide-hadn't decided-don't decide) what to do for the holidays yet.

a) went b) go c) 'd go d) 'll go

16- ........................ you work harder, you'll fail your exam.

15- A lot of money (is spending-spends-has spent-is being spent) on education.

16- Alexander Fleming (invented-was invented-has been invented-had been invented) penicillin.

15- Many boxes are made of (cartage-cardboard-cardinal-cards).

16- Car tyres and the bottoms of some shoes are made of (rubber-wood-cardboard-sap).

15- A lion has escaped (of-from-out-into) its cage.

16- Films and books can sometimes help people to (escape-prevent-stay-forget) from their worries.

a) is being repaired b) is repaired c) is repairing d) 'll go

16- I have known him ................ years.

15- If she doesn't practise well, she (didn't-wouldn't-couldn't-won't play) the piano.

16- If you take this medicine, you (might-may-would-could) get better.

a) is going to leave b) will leave c) is leaving d) leaves

16- In some places, wood .................. to heat people's homes.

15- (Currently-Current-Currency-Currencies) I'm working for important exams. Then, when I finish, I'm going on holiday.

16- Scientists are looking for ways (increase-increasing-of increasing-to increasing) our knowledge of the world.

a) had been booked b) had booked c) were booking d) booked

16- The glass window .................. when the boy hit it with the ball.

15- My office cleans every day.

16- This place rarely visits by anyone.

15- My parents gave me a (team-competition-connection-collection) of modern short stories for my birthday.

16- Yehia Haqqi was an important twentieth century (writer-fighter-teacher-comedian).

16- How (many-lots of-much-a lot of) baggage do you have?

17- (Many-Little-Much-Few) pupils came to the class today because it was raining heavily.

16- Our wildest dreams are often (joined-connected-linked-contacted) with money.

17- He enclosed his order (altogether-gather-together-all together) with a cheque for £15.

16- They (inspected-respected-suspected-talked) that the driver had been going very fast at the time of the accident.

17- He has admitted (making-doing-taking-working) several crimes, including two murders.

16- The company might be hired ten new employees.

17- He is thought to is a genius.

16- We should (save-sail-waste-spend) energy in our homes and workplaces.

17- Hydroelectric power is a (renewable-non renewable-curable-nuclear) source of energy in Egypt.

16- Astronauts wear (special-private-particular-certain) clothes which protect them.

17- I'm afraid he isn't here. Can I take a (a letter-chat-message-massage)?

16- If you look in the fridge, you would find some cold drinks.

17- If there was no oil in the engine, the car will break down.

16- They have just spent £1.9 million at improving their computer network.

17- July 2009 was the 40th university of man first walking on the moon.

16- Be quiet! I (listen-have listened-was listened-am listening) to the news.

17- Mary usually (wash-washes-is washing-washed) the dishes before watching TV.

16- At the age of seven, my parents (are taking-were taking-took-take) me to Jordan.

17- Someone phoned me while I (cook-was cooked-am cooking-was cooking) the dinner.

16- What's the climate like today?

17- The Great Pyramid is 150 metres in high.

16- The manager couldn't pretend the meeting.

17- The communication of the king took place in the royal palace.

16- They (were walking-walked-had walked-have been walking) to the station when they saw the accident.

17- We (finished-had finished-were finishing-have finished) dinner by the time they arrived.

17- Pelé (said-is said-has said-had said) to be the greatest footballer.

18- Churchill (considered-has considered-is considering-is considered) the greatest British statesman.

17- If you (didn't take-hadn't taken-wouldn't take-don't take) this medicine you won't get better.

18- If I (earned-earn-could earn-had earned) some money, I'll go abroad.

17- There were ten (pilots-astronomers-astronauts-astrologers) on the spaceship Colombia.

18- The crew are planning a (four hour-four hours-four hour's-four hours') space walk to carry out the necessary repair work on the shuttle.

17- People put (toothpaste-cream-tablets-pills) on their brush to clean their teeth.

18- The world's tallest tree is nearly 84 meters (tall-deep-wide-old).

17- I have a ten (minutes-minute-minute's-minutes') break for something to eat at midday.

18- When I was seven I wrote a poem which (beat-gained-earned-won) a prize.

17- My brother had a good (educated-educational-upbringing-education). He went to one of the best universities.

18- You can still see a lot of (classical-fictional-classics-classic) architecture in Greece and Rome.

18- You must take your umbrella. It (rain-rains-is raining-should rain) outside.

19- A lot of glass bottles (take-are taken-are taking-is taken) to the recycling plant every week.

18- The roots take out water from the earth for the tree.

19- A tub is a pipe that liquids or gases go through.

18- I last (eat-had eaten-was eating-ate) fish when I was in Aswan.

19- He had had breakfast before he (goes-went-going-had gone) to work.

18- When Tom arrived, he found that his shop had broken into.

19- He will give a prize by the teacher.

18- Something is wrong with his car, so he (has taken-has been taken-was taken-is being taken) it to the garage.

19- I (have seen-saw-would see-was seen) him a few days ago.

18- The first (scene-view-vision-sight) of the play "Hamlet" takes place on the castle walls.

19- I (knew-recognized-realized-looked) that I had left my keys at the office.

18- Thank you on your invitation which I accept with pleasure.

19- I'm looking forward to spend my holiday in Greece.

18- Let's (pay-paying-to pay-paid) Hala a visit today.

19- In the future, computers in cars will help drivers to (answer-reply-dissolve-solve) engine problems.

18- These two sisters are so like.

19- People over 18 have the tight to vote in elections.

18- The news of the plane crash in Italy (was-were-are-have been) frustrating.

19- She asked for (a-an-any-some) information about guided tours outside Cairo.

18- His face went red with (shyness-shape-scandal-colour) when he walked into the crowded room.

19- She's been suffering (with-of-from-about) cancer for two years.

18- I will lend you my umbrella if you will need it.

19- The sea level would rise if the planet gets hotter.

18- We need to increase our use of renewable forms of energy because we are running (into-away-out of-out) fossil fuels.

19- We should try to (reduce-increase-stop-ban) the amount of non-renewable fuels that we use.

- I'll resign if I don't get a pay rise.

2) Going to

1- (Classics-Graphics-Glasses-Traditions) is the study of the language and history of the ancient Greeks and Romans.

2- (Criticism-Escapism-Escape-Organism) is entertainment that helps people to forget about their worries.

Add boiling water and sugar and stir it. Function

2- A: Passport and tickets, please. Place:

1- How many present cities have a population of over 20 million?

2- According to the passage, why is a great area of Australia unpopulated?

1- Agatha Christie is the best-selling author of all time. She has sold over two billion books worldwide and has been translated into over 45 languages. She wrote eighty novels and short story collections. She also wrote over a dozen plays, including The Mousetrap, which is now the longest running play in theatrical history.

2- Agatha Christie wrote eighty crime stories, many of which were turned into films or theatre plays. Her most famous play is The Mousetrap, which was first performed in 1952. Since then, the play has been performed without a break and is the longest running play in the world.

1- The Incas conquered the Chimu, .......................................................................

2- Although the Incas didn't have any writing, ......................................................

1- Beside Leila's bed, there was a photo of .............................................................

2- Although the Incas didn't have any writing, .......................................................

1- Trees are usually killing by insects, diseases or people.

2- Be careful! If you look straight at the sun like that, you damage your eyes.

a) innocent b) secret c) spy d) shy

2- He did nothing wrong. He is .........................

1- Why is animal research useful?

2- How do animals suffer during experiments?

1- Trees provide us with shade in summer and shelter in winter. Explain.

2- How do trees reduce air pollution?

1- I expect he (will-would-could-might) pass his exams easily.

2- How many kilos (am-is-are-have) it from school to your home?

a) play b) instrument c) equipment d) device

2- I collect postcards which I keep in a .................. box.

1- As soon as he will finish the project, he will go abroad.

2- I'll leave until he comes.

1- If a tree (have-had-will have-has) deep roots, it won't fall over in strong winds.

2- If the bark of a tree is badly damaged, the tree (died-is dying-would die-dies).

1- The table is two metres in long.

2- If you heat water, it melts.

1- I've decided that I'm doing more exercise in future.

2- It's a really good film. I'm sure you enjoy it.

4- Recommend a book to a friend.

2- Mention the place, the speakers and the language function in each of the following two mini-dialogues:

4- Someone asks what you think about films which have been made from books.

2- Mention the place, the speakers and the language function in each of the following two mini-dialogues:

4- Someone asks you how you usually travel to school every day. How do you reply?

2- Mention the place, the speakers and the language function in each of the following two mini-dialogues:

1- The Mousetrap (wrote-was written-has been written-is written) as a radio play in 1947.

2- Millions of people all over the world (watch-have watched-watched-are watching) the 2008 Olympic Games.

1- The car stopped because there was a (leak-lake-lick-lock) in the petrol tank.

2- Our air conditioning has broken down, but someone is coming to (destroy-spoil-pair-repair) it tomorrow.

1- Before I entered the university, I had to show my credit card.

2- Rafat El-Haggan and Gomaa El-Shawwan were very famous Egyptian kings.

1- Asthma is the medical condition of not being able to remember anything.

2- Sam is making a project on education.

1- How many petrol does your car use?

2- Sat-nat systems is very useful for many drivers.

The lesson starts at ten o'clock.

2- Someone asks you to predict tomorrow's weather.

1- A friend asks for your opinion about modern novels.

2- Someone asks you what you were doing at six o'clock yesterday evening,

1- Someone says that space exploration is too expensive. You agree.

2- Someone says that computers are a bad thing. You do not have the same opinion.

1- My favourite musical (tool-equipment-player-instrument) is the piano.

2- The (leaves-roots-bark-branches) are the parts of trees that grow under the ground and find water.

1- The government is spent a lot of money on education.

2- The Aswan high dam generate hydroelectric power.

1- Early black and white photos show people in (old-fashioned / black-fashioned / white-fashioned / torn) clothes.

2- The Sun is at its strongest at (midnight-evening-dawn-midday).

1- When Lander knew that Leila was an archaeologist, he seemed ............ .

2- The customs let Leila through when ....................................................... .

1- He finished working in a crime in Greater Cairo.

2- The police have not managed to answer the crime.

a) start b) launch c) set off d) beginning

2- This medicine I'm taking is wonderful. It has no side .................. .

1- The street where I live is only three metres width.

2- Traveling by plane sometimes makes me a headache.

1- Trees provide us with food, medicine, clothing and tools. They also provide shelter for people, animals and other plants. They help supply يمد oxygen and refresh the air we breathe.

2- Trees provide us beautiful scenery, beautify our surroundings and purify our air. They act as sound barriers and so reduce noise pollution. They help us save energy through their cooling shade in summer and their wind reduction in winter.

1- Leila realized that she was back in Cairo only when .......................................

2- Unlike her sister, Leila .......................................................................................

1- Some countries have nuclear power instead that using fossil fuels.

2- We saved a lot of money by cycling the bottles.

1- The wind farm may be able to generation enough electricity for 2000 homes.

2- We should reach our destiny before midnight.

1- When did Jacqueline marry John Kennedy?

2- What did Jacqueline do after John Kennedy's assassination?

1- How does the power of the hurricane increase?

2- What happens when a hurricane comes ashore?

1- Who said these words, to whom and where?

2- What made the speaker doubt the addressed person?

1- Who said these words to whom?

2- What were the speaker's feelings towards the addressed person?

1- Why didn't Leila study archaeology with Dr Hafez in Cairo?

2- When did the Customs at Lima Airport let Leila through with the laser machine?

1- Who said this to whom?

2- Which sign was the speaker referring to?

1- What similarities were there between the ancient Egyptians and the Incas?

2- Why did Dr Hafez choose Leila to be in charge of one of his teams?

1- What difficulties did Dr Hafez face with the local people?

2- Why did Dr Hafez suspect Martin Lander?

1- Which civilization is superior: the Inca or the ancient Egyptian? Why?

2- Why did the Incas and the Ancient Egyptians put food and drink beside the bodies of their dead kings and queens?

1- Who said this to whom?

2- Why did the speaker think that the wall in the city could be a tomb of a king?

1- How could we encourage Egyptians to see more and more of their country?

2- Why has tourism become very important?

1- What should a person do to keep his blood pressure normal?

2- Why is it very important to control high blood pressure?

I don't like orange. I prefer red. (the colour (اللون البرتقالى

2- Would you like a coffee? (a cup of coffee (فنجان قهوة

1- You want to make tea the English way. Ask your friend for advice.

2- You ask your mother for instructions to operate the vacuum cleaner.

1- A friend asks for your advice about what to do after finishing school. Advise him.

2- You ask your teacher's advice about organising your work.

1- A friend asks for your advice about keeping fit. Advise him.

2- You want some advice from a friend about how you can eat more healthily. What do you ask?

(الشئ المهم هنا هو الماء ، و ليس الشخص الذى يحضر الماء)

2- عندما لا يكون الشخص الذى قام بالفعل غير مهم أو غير معلوم

1- ان الكتاب يستطيعون تطوير الشخصيات و يسمحون للقارئ ببناء صورة تدريجية للشخصيات.

2- لقد شهد العصر الحديث اختراعات و اكتشافات متنوعة فى كل مجالات العلم و المعرفة.

1- نحذف by و نبدأ بما يليها و اذا لم توجد نبدأ بفاعل مناسب.

2- نحذف v. to be و نضع الفعل فى نفس زمن v. to be المحذوف.

1- المفعول به يصير فاعلا أول الجملة.

2- نستخدمverb to be فى نفس زمن الفعل الأصلى كما يلى:

1- المفعول به يصير فاعلا أول الجملة.

2- نستخدمverb to be فى نفس زمن الفعل الأصلى.

1- نحن نعيش الان عصر الاتصالات الذى جعل العالم عالما مفتوحا.

2- يجب أن نستفيد من تجارب الآخرين فى الصناعة و التكنولوجيا الحديثة.

1- ان البلاستيك ضاربالبيئة اذ يسبب التلوث عندما يحرق.

2- يعتقد بعض الناس أن الأشجار تحمى العالم من الاحتباس الحرارى.

4- Someone tells you that Anthony Hope wrote more than 30 works of fiction altogether. You are interested

2-Mention the place, the speakers and the language function in each of the following two mini-dialogues:

1- يجب أن نستخدم التكنولوجيا الحديثة فى جميع مجالات الحياة و خاصة الإنتاج.

2-إن الخيال العلمى عادة ما يكون محاولة جادة للكتابة عن شكل الحياة فى المستقبل أو فى عالم آخر.

1-كل عام يسلم رئيس الجمهورية الكتاب و العلماء المتميزين جوائز قيمة.

2-كتب يحيى حقى قنديل أم هاشم و التى كان لها تأثير ايجابى على الواية العربية. .

1-يجب أن تتعاون دول العالم لتطوير أنواع جديدة من الطاقة و الإقلال من الآثار الضارة مثل الاحتباس الحرارى.

2-يحاول العلماء اليوم تطوير مصادر أخرى للطاقة لتفى باحتياجاتنا المتزايدة .

19- A box of chocolates was given (at-for-to-with) Amanda.

20- A letter (is being written-is written-is writing-was written) at the moment.

19- Space (exploration-explanation-expectation-exemption) cots a lot of money.

20- A lot of scientists are doing experiments to find a (solution-treatment-deal-reply) for swine flu.

19- (Coronation-Cooperation-Capitalization-Communication) is a ceremony in which somebody officially becomes a king or queen.

20- Although everyone in my family works very hard, we are not a (stealthy-worthy-wealthy-healthy) family.

19- I enjoy (read-reading-with reading-to read) novels when I was a young child.

20- As well as being an important writer, he was an expert (with-of-on-about) Arabic culture.

19- (Seeds-Tubes-Branches-Barks) carry water from the roots to the leaves.

20- Goats and other animals can kill trees by damaging the (bark-shark-mark-park).

19- If you're hot, I (will buy-might buy-bought-would buy) you a cool drink.

20- If you heat water, it (will change-changed-changes-would change) into steam.

20- I remember being giving advice by my father.

21- He has never be accused of cheating.

20- Hydroelectricity is made (from-of-with-in) underground pools of water.

21- I always switch (on-off-with-up) the computer when I finish using it.

20- A (detective-spy-criminal-suspect) is a police officer who tries to solve crimes.

21- I found the story (confused-confusing-confusion-confuse). I didn't understand it.

20- How (many-much-long-far) money do you need to buy a car?

21- I have (a lot of-many-a few-few) paper in my bag.

20- Hamlet (wrote-had written-was written-was writing) by Shakespeare.

21- I used to (drove-drive-driving-driven) very slowly. I drive faster now.

20- Nurses (look-looks-are looking-are looked) after patients in hospitals.

21- She (is staying-stays-stay-has stayed) with her sister at the moment until she finds somewhere to live in.

20- Speed (jumps-clumps-bumps-stunts) stop drivers from going so fast.

21- Speed cameras (take-make-do-work) photographs of cars going too fast.

20- A 78-year-old man has won this year's prize for crime (fiction-faction-fraction-friction).

21- We are (making-taking-getting-doing) a project about archaeology in Egypt.

21- The government has exerted great efforts to (reply-respond-solve-answer) the economic problem.

22- Give your (causes-results-effects-reasons) why you want to travel abroad.

21- He graduated in law and worked as a (doctor-dentist-teacher-lawyer).

22- In 1929, he began his (carrier-career-courier-carefree) as a diplomat

21- The statue (has carved-will be carved-has been carved-was carved) out of stone by the ancient Egyptians.

22- People (say-are said-have been said-were said) that he is a spy.

21- When a thin piece of wood is removed from a tree, little damage is (made-done-worked-taken) to the tree.

22- She used rubber (doves-clubs-gloves-cups) to protect her hands from chemicals.

21- In Britain, children (go-intend-choose-attend) primary school between the ages of 5 and 11.

22- Some twins are more (like-same-common-alike) than others.

22- As well as (is-are-be-being) inexpensive, hydroelectric power does not pollute the environment.

23- (Renewable-Non renewable-Fossil-Refreshing) energy doesn't run out

22- Ann (isn't drinking-didn't drink-don't drink-doesn't drink) tea very often.

23- Don't switch off the TV. I (watch-watches-watched-am watching) it.

22- Most of the information (was-are-were-have been) useless.

23- He hasn't got (some-much-many-a lot) luggage.

22- My car has damaged in the car park.

23- Money is being collecting money for children in need.

22- A team of archaeologists is (excavating-constructing-building-examining) the site looking for buried ancient tombs.

23- Some of Agatha Christie's stories are (passed-based-posted-pasted) on her travels to other countries.

22- He didn't (use-using-uses-used) to need much sleep. He does now.

23- Somebody phoned me while the dinner (was cooking-was being cooked-cooked-had been cooked).

22- We always celebrate our wedding (anniversary-memory-memorial-failure) with dinner in an expensive restaurant.

23- The doctor (expected-saw-examined-looked) the patient carefully.

22- The murder suspect was still (at-with-by-on) the train at the end of the story.

23- The little boy was (treated-dealt-handled-recovered) for burns at the hospital.

23- She has a lot of sports (equipment-styles-techniques-ways) in her house.

24- (National-Global-International-Universal) warming is a problem that affects every country in the world.

23- The time he spent abroad gave him (experiments-explosions-expenses-experiences) he later used in his writing.

24- Haqqi's first short story was (declared-published-advertised-consumed) in 1925.

23- Astronauts cope (up-for-by-with) weightlessness inside a spacecraft.

24- Have you ever seen a space shuttle at its (lunch-launch-punch-pinch)?

23- When he returned home, he found that all his money (had stolen-had been stolen-are stolen).

24- I don't mind (being helped-helping- being helping-am helped) by people.

23- The (crowding-coronation-ceremony-coloration) of Queen Elizabeth II took place in 1952. It was a fantastic occasion; millions of people went to London to watch.

24- Nobody has the (light-fight-right-night) to steal things from other people

24- Nowadays, people use the wind to (do-make-work-consume) electricity.

25- Hydroelectric power uses (water-the wind-the sun-oil) to generate electricity.

24- I always (makes-make-am making-am made) silly mistakes when I'm taking an exam.

25- I (eat-eats-am eating-ate) an ice cream now. It's delicious.

24- I haven't made (any-some-no-much) mistakes in the exercise.

25- Oh! That's (not enough-too little-too much-little) rice! I don't want to put on more weight.

24- The date of the meeting will have to change.

25- She will have been finished her work by eight o'clock in the evening.

24- It's still not possible to accurately (predict-protect-pretend-select) the occurrence of earthquakes.

25- The American navy (launched-started-began-set off) a new warship last week.

24- Police are still no nearer to (answering-replying-responding-solving the crime.

25- The spy was captured (at-on-by-with) his way back to the hotel.

24- Don't leave your bag on the floor like that - pick it (out-up-down-to).

25- Thirteen people had taken part (at-in-by-on) the murder.

24- While father (was reading-read-had read-has read) the paper, mother was cooking dinner.

25- Where did you (used-using-use-uses) to play when you were young?

25- As well as (write-writing-wrote-to write) novels, he also translated French literature into Arabic.

26- Haqqi's story, The Postman, was (done-worked-played-made) into a film.

25- The whole village (damaged-got damaged-was damaging-has damaged) by an earthquake.

26- More oil (may find-may be found-may be finding-may be find).

25- Astronauts float in space because of zero (degree-gravity-density-humidity).

26- Space cruisers will probably (orbit-wander-fly-move) the Earth at a height of 320 kilometres.

25- He used a paint (remove-removal-removing-remover) to clean his shirt.

26- The (leaf-truck-bark-trunk) protects the living part of the tree.

25- (Castles-Houses-Missions-Spokes) were usually made from stone to stop attackers from breaking in.

26- The last important (chance-occasion-opportunity-incident) I went to was my brother's wedding.

26- The (distance-way-area-space) between Cairo and London is 3, 5000 kilometers.

27- Our washing machine has broken down, but someone is coming to (destroy-spoil-leak-repair) it tomorrow.

26- Rania always (switch-switching-switched-switches) off her computer when she has finished using it.

27- The earth (go-goes-is going-is gone) round the sun.

26- The company's (headmasters-headdresses-headgears-headquarters) is / are in Amsterdam.

27- The police found out that the man was (innocent-guilty-criminal-shy) of the crime, so they set him free.

26- The main (crime-suspect-summit-suspense) in the case القضية committed suicide.انتحر

27- There's a lot of (competition-race-war-quarrel) between computer companies.

26- The world depends so much (about-of-from-on) energy.

27- We need to find some forms of energy that will never run (out-off-away-on).

26- The bank robbers will get catch by the police.

27- Who are going to invited to your wedding party?

27- The manager (tested-looked-examined-glanced) the report in detail.

28- Doctors are worried that the new drug may have serious (side-inside-sides-aside) effects.

27- Haqqi was interested (in-at-of-by) the Arabic language.

28- He (spoilt-did-devolved-directed) a new style of writing which is respected today.

27- Everyone has the right (for-with-to-in) their own beliefs.

28- He died after he (dropped-fell-felt-filled) off his horse.

27- Egypt exports a lot of (conducts-instructs-deducts-products) to other countries.

28- The garden is 20 metres in (wide-widen-width-the wide).

27- Don't let yourself (be deceived-be deceiving-deceive-to deceive) by others.

28- The law must never (break-broken-be breaking-be broken).

28- Mansour (take-takes-is taken-is taking) his glass bottles to the recycling plant every week.

29- Don't put the dictionary away. I (use-using-uses-am using) it.

28- The police (looked-saw-watched-searched) the woods for the missing boy.

29- Enemy forces (arrested-caught-captured-held) the city after a week-long battle.

28- It takes millions of years to (run-renew-refresh-restore) fossil fuels.

29- Fossil fuels (lie-lain-lay-laid) buried beneath layers of earth and rock.

28- The three men were convicted of (murdered-murdering-being murdered-murder).

29- He is a (retiring-tired-retired-retirement) sailor who lives in a house overlooking the sea.

28- He doesn't let himself cheat.

29- I hate being telling what to do.

28- This map shows the exact (existence-destination-location-generation) of the project.

29- It is expected that oil will have (run-gone-moved-taken) out in 50 years' time.

He succeeded in the driving test.

3 metres in height

- I just read the weather report. It's going to be sunny.

3)The present continuous زمن المضارع المستمر

2- Rainforests grow in hot and rainy (air-atmosphere-weather-climate).

3- A (forest-desert-town-rock) is a large area of land covered by trees.

2- A friend who has never visited your country asks for your advice about place to see in Egypt.

3- A friend from another country wants to phone someone from a public phone in Egypt. He / she has never done this before. Tell him / her what to do first.

2- All the fish in the river have died. Someone must have put (sponge-position-poison-grass) in the water.

3- A man has been found dead in the road. The police think it was an accident, not (an event-a murder-an incident-a game).

2- How much coffees have you drunk today?

3- Do we have a rice left?

2- You send a liquid or gas through a (pipe-tape-type-ripe) to move it to another place.

3- Electricity is produced in a (energy-bus-power-gas) station.

2- If I were wealth, I'd help poor people.

3- He does regular visits to his village.

a) suspect b) guilty c) innocent d) sensible

3- Her uncle can't remember his accident. The doctor thinks he may have .............

2- Yehia Haqqi was a strong belief in the power of education.

3- His first job was as a law.

2- Why do eagles drop tortoises on rocks?

3- How do scientists think that an asteroid caused the extinction of the dinosaurs?

2- Scientists (want-wants-are wanting-are being wanted) to find more forms of renewable energy.

3- Huge amounts of electricity (is produced-produce-are produced-are producing) in nuclear power stations.

2- As soon as he (takes-has taken-will take-had taken) the photograph, he showed it to his friend.

3- I (was taken-took-was taking-had taken) to a football match at the weekend.

a) results b) damage c) effects d) problems

3- My brother and I are not twins, but we are very .........................

2- My uncle is an export on Information Technology.

3- My brother is fond of fashion clothes.

2- In many countries, children take the right to go to school until the age of 16.

3- My five-year-old sister will start a school in September.

2- I think my brother (is-is going to be-is being-will be) a doctor. He's very clever.

3- My lesson (finishes-is finishing-is going to finish-was finishing) at four o'clock this afternoon.

2- Three hundred million people were seen the last World Cup Final on TV.

3- One of our classroom windows have been broken.

2- Some trees (produce-is produced-producing-have been produced) more than a million seeds every year.

3- People (grew-had grown-were growing-have grown) trees in gardens for thousands of years.

2- In the modern world, most people do more than one job in their working career. Jobs and the skills needed to do them change with new technology and new ideas. People need to be flexible to adjust readily to new challenges.

3- Reading literature improves your education. It can reinforce your experiences and describe new and exciting experiences. It introduces you to other people's experiences and cultures which help you to become more tolerant and emphatic towards and others.

2- You ask a friend what he used to read when he was young.

3- Someone asks for your opinion about Yehia Haqqi.

2- How many seconds (is-are-have-would) there in an hour?

3- Ten kilometres (have-been-is-are) a long way to run.

2- The prisoner escaped through a sacred passage underneath the building.

3- The Director is current having talks in the USA.

2- Why did Robin Hood hide in trees?

3- The English language uses many words connected with trees. Give examples.

2- Gratitude is what makes objects fall to the ground.

3- The plane is flying at a high of 150 kilometres.

a) paper b) card c) cardboard d) wood

3- The river can be used by many ships because of its ..................... .

2- Trees protect us from global warm.

3- Trees give us valuable chemistry.

2- If you leave now, you catch your train.

3- Water will freeze if the temperature is zero or below.

2- Why did they go out for pizza?

3- What does the underground word "him" refer to?

2- Mention two industries that make use of rubbish.

3- What does the underlined word "it" in the second paragraph refer to?

2- According to Dr Meddis, could we live without sleeping? Why?

3- What is Dr Meddis theory about the reason for tiredness??

2- What are the three things that people do on the internet?

3- What would the writer like a computer to do for him?

2- Why did Jackson decide to return home after running away?

3- Who is Jennifer?

2- As well as light bulbs, what did Thomas Edison invent?

3- Why did Edison have to leave school at the age of seven?

2- Why was the Nobel Prize established?

3- Why wasn't anyone awarded the Nobel Prize from 1940 to 1942?

2- My parents use to live in a small flat in the city centre.

3- Yesterday evening, we revised for our English test when all the lights went out.

2- Someone tells you that Anthony Hope wrote the Prisoner of Zenda in three months. You are very surprised by this.

3- You are told that Anthony Hope paid for the publication of his first novel himself. Express how you feel about this.

2- You want to make tea the English way. You ask your friend what you should do.

3- You ask the policeman for instructions to get to the bus station.

2- Someone says that space exploration is a waste of money. You have the same opinion.

3- You have arranged to have lunch with your brother tomorrow. What do you say?

2- Someone asks you how you often travel to school by. How do you reply?

3- You hear someone use a word you do not understand. The word is "geothermal". What do you ask?

2- You want to know about a friend's energy-saving habits. What do you ask?

3- You hear someone use a word you do not understand. The word is "hydroelectric". What do you ask?

2- Wave power is used for electricity (generation-generalization-generosity-gratitude).

3- You should (catch-attach-attack-join) a photo to your application form.

2- People can waste lots of money by using the underground.

3- You should reinvent paper rather than throw it away

2- Someone tells you that he has won two Olympic gold medals. You are very surprised.

3- Your mother tells you that the prices of food will go down. You are interested.

2- Someone asks you to predict tomorrow's weather.

3- Your parents ask what you have planned to do at the weekend.

It will almost certainly very hot.

3- Your parents ask what you have planned to do at the weekend.

navy البحرية group جماعة gang عصابة family عائلة

university جامعة staffهيئة العاملين population سكان

2- نحذف v. to be و نضع الفعل فى نفس زمن v. to be المحذوف.

3- الفاعل يصبح مفعولا بعد الفعل.

2- كان يحيى حقى خبيرا فى الثقافة العربية.

3- ان قراءة الأدب توسع مداركنا و تعلمنا أدوات جديدة للتعامل مع خبرات المستقبل.

B) Vocabulary and Structure

3-Choose the correct answer from a, b, c or d:

Coffee can you stop you sleeping. مشروب القهوة

3-I've got a hair in my mouth. (a single hair (شعرة

29- The Egyptian monuments are very popular (of-to-with-on) tourists.

30- After leaving university, he worked (as-like-similar-same) a lawyer.

29- Hamlet was written (in-on-by-to) Shakespeare.

30- Ali (didn't see-wasn't seen-doesn't see-hasn't see) at the party yesterday.

29- Wheat grows well on fertile (ground-floor-sail-soil).

30- Cutting (in-of-away-down) trees causes damage to the environment.

29- This map shows the exact (existence-destination-location-generation) of the project.

30- If your car breaks (out-into-through-down) you can use the mobile phone to get help.

29- He was a very strong believer (in-at-of-with) the power of education.

30- It was interesting hearing about his (experiments-experts-exports-experiences) as a policeman.

30- He was (deeply-deep-depth-deepen) affected by the death of his parents.

31- (In-At-By-On) her trip, she met a doctor whom she later married.

30- Windmills are connected (to-with-by-on) turbines to generate electricity.

31- Nuclear energy is generated by (spelling-spilling-splitting-cutting) atoms.

31- Astronauts float in space because they are (weighty-weightless-weigh-way).

32- Ali has just (crossed-passed-succeeded-overcame) his driving test.

31- We should plant more trees (along-beneath-off-above) the sides of streets.

32- Five trees fell (on-over-to-in) in the storm.

31- After finishing school, he went to Oxford University (when-that-which-where) he studied classics.

32- They (dropped-sent-gave-kidnapped) the boy and demanded a big ransom.

31- A lot of people (support-suppose-suggest-import) Al Ahly Club.

32- They told us that we have to give (up-off-out-in) our homework on Thursday.

32- Today, most of the energy used in homes and industries comes from fossil (remains-animals-fuels-wood).

33- (Hydroelectric-Solar-Wind-Lunar) power supplies Egypt with a lot of its electricity.

32- He was seriously (wounded-buried-damaged-spoilt) during the Second World War.

33- They suspected that she'd killed him but they could never actually (improve-prove-speak-improvise) that it was her.

33- In 10 to 15 years people will be (queuing-rowing-lining-sitting) up to take their holidays in space.

34- Pollution is the (reason-cause-result-effect) of many dangerous diseases.

33- You have to obey all the (roles-reels-rails-rules) and regulations.

34- The (weather-climate-atmosphere-sky) was so cold yesterday, so we didn't go out.

33- Hani and Rania are a nice (double-pair-couple-two). Let's invite them to dinner.

34- The two men were surprised (discover-to discover-discovering-discovered) that they were so alike.

33- They cut (out-down-into-on) five trees in the bark.

34- Yesterday evening, I (devised-reversed-revised-reserved) for my English test.

34- Eight people, (including-enclosing-consisting-containing) two children, were injured in the explosion.

35- A kilo of heroin was found (hide-hiding-hidden-to hide) inside the lining of the suitcase.

34- Coal, oil and gas are (durable-renewable-exhaust-non renewable) forms of energy.

35- Coal, oil and gas have been (formed-framed-born-made) underground over millions of years.

35- He was (looked-sent-stayed-locked) in the castle at Zenda.

36- Food prices have (coupled-doubled-paired-crippled) in the last few years.

35- When I go to the cinema, I like to sit in the back (file-queue-line-row).

36- The plane will (reach-arrive-go-get) Aswan by 3 o'clock this afternoon.

35- In addition (for-with-to-of) cooking for 20 people, she did all the washing up.

36- They (drilled-pulled-called-felled) into the tree and extracted a thin piece of wood.

35- He writes two short stories (in-a-an-some) month.

36- Using the computer for a long time (does-makes-works-gives) me a headache.

36- He was found (innocent-guilty-shy-ashamed) and imprisoned.

37- A (spy-gang-robber-thief) is someone whose job is to find out secret information about a country or organisation

36- We should all try to stop using (on-for-to-up) non-renewable sources of energy.

37- We get energy from the (cold-heat-ice-water) inside the earth.

37- He (tested-experienced-examined-touched) many different and interesting ideas in his work.

38- Education can give everyone the (opportunity-occasion-opposition-supposition) to be successful.

37- The (width-health-wealth-filth) of the rings of trees depend on the climate and the amount of rain.

38- Most trees (die-live-grow-reach) bigger every year.

37- I asked the garage to (make-do-get-have) repairs to the brakes on my car.

38- Space cruisers will probably orbit the Earth at a (high-highly-higher-height) of 320 kilometres.

37- The story takes (space-part-place-the place) in 19th century Europe.

38- You're not my boss, so you have no right (criticize-to criticize-criticizing-criticized) me.

38- Below the earth, the pressure is so great that rocks are (frozen-solid-molten-cold).

39- (Geothermal-Geographical-Biographical-Geological) energy is better for the environment than energy produced by traditional power stations.

38- Rimini is a thriving holiday resort (on-at-with-in) the east coast of Italy.

39- The mousetrap has been performed without a (brick-break-brake-broke) since 1952.

- I can't see you tomorrow. We're visiting relatives.

4)The present simple زمن المضارع البسيط

3- The hard outside part of a tree is called the (root-trunk-leave-bark).

4- (Leaves-Roots-Bark-Branches) are the flat green parts at the ends of the branches of a tree.

3- Someone asks you what you think the best thing is about short stories. Give your opinion.

4- A friend asks you what you used to read when you were five.

A) Choose the correct answer from a, b, c or d:

4- Americans have achieved the most awards in ........................... .

3- A friend wants to meet new people, but he / she is very shy. Make a recommendation.

4- Ask your teacher for advice about how to do well in the next English test.

a) alike b) same c) like d) correct

4- Coal and oil are two kinds of fossil ........................ .

3- (Am-Is-Are-Were) a thousand pounds too much to spend on holiday?

4- How (some-much-many-few) people are there in a football team?

3- He was a young sailor on his first sea journey.

4- How size is your flat?

3- When I find somewhere to live, I would give you my address.

4- I need to get fit, so I've made a decision. I do more exercise.

3- The knife doesn't cut very well. I need to sharp it.

4- I read if there will be nothing on TV.

3- If you (picked-will pick-had picked-pick) those apples now, they won't taste very sweet.

4- If water freezes, it (will turn-turns-would turn-turned) into ice.

3- (Declaration-Advertisement-Publication-Announcement) is the act of printing a book or a magazine and making it available to the public.

4- If you are (well-good-badly-bad) educated, you have had a good education.

3- What about stop cars from coming into the city centre.

4- In her journey, she visited Italy and France.

3- Millions of cars produce by Japanese companies every year.

4- In many countries, children take the right to go to school until the age of 16.

a) headache b) phobia c) amnesia d) injury

4- In some countries, people use a passport instead of .................. card.

3- The computer in the smarting car will be able to work out what's wrong and what needs to be done.

4- Let's meeting at eight o'clock tomorrow.

3- Much things can go wrong with a car engine.

4- Many lives will be save by the devices.

3- He is admires for his intelligence.

4- Mother always is after me to do my homework.

3- I do not really have a (protein-routine-valentine-bulletin) during the holidays.

4- My friend and I are going to enter an athletics (connection-combination-competition-compression). We all hope to win something.

3- Wind turbines along the Red Sea in Egypt exaggerate large amounts of electricity.

4- Nuclear power produces dangerous waist.

B) Choose the correct answer from a, b, c, or d:

4- Our grandparents were than we are today.

3- Agatha Christie's books (translated-were translating-have been translating-were translated into more than 40 languages.

4- Petra (was captured-captured-has been captured-has captured) by the Romans in AD 106.

I'm going shopping with Samia.

4- Recommend a book to a friend.

3- If you phone me this evening, I tell you what happened.

4- She having dinner when her husband called.

3- We saw a lot of photographs, but we couldn't identity the thief.

4- The Tempest written by Shakespeare.

B) Choose the correct answer from a, b, c or d:

4- The first paragraph mainly discusses ............... .

B) Choose the correct answer from a, b, c or d:

4- The internet may develop "consciousness" means it will be able to ............... .

3- The doctor (examined-looked-saw-watched) me carefully before he gave me the medicine.

4- The plane will take (on-down-after-off) at 7.30 in the morning.

B) Choose the correct answer from a, b, c, or d:

4- The traditional view is that we sleep because ......................

B) Choose the correct answer from a, b, c or d:

4- The underlined pronoun "them" refers to................................................

a) wide b) width c) widening d) widened

4- We can tell the age of a tree by counting the rings in the (---).

B) Choose the correct answer from a, b, c, or d:

4- What did Hippocrates do on the island of Kos?

B) Choose the correct answer from a, b, c or d:

4- What does the word familiar mean?

3- The table is two metres in long.

4- When I was younger, I use to want to be a pilot.

B) Choose the correct answer from a, b, c or d:

4- Which of the following is true?

3- You advise your friend his who is riding his bicycle between cars.

4- You advise your brother who always plays in the street.

3- You are asked how to make tea. Give instructions

4- You are asked how to operate the coffee machine.

3- One of your friends says he thinks walking in space would be very frightening. You think he's right.

4- You hear someone say that all astronauts are very rich. You know this is not true.

There's hair on the floor. (a lot of hair (شعر

4-Do you like chicken? (chicken meat (لحم الفراخ

15- Rubbish (burns-burn-is burning-is burnt) and (turn-turnrd-turning-turns) into energy,

4-Find the mistake in each of the following sentences, then write it correctly:

30- Coal, oil and natural gas are all (renewable-fossil-nuclear-energy) fuels.

4-Find the mistake in each of the following sentences, then write it correctly:

a) If b) Unless c) When d) As

4-Find the mistake in each of the following sentences, then write it correctly:

a) is breaking b) was breaking c) was broken d) had broken

4-Find the mistake in each of the following sentences, then write it correctly:

a) is burnt b) are burnt c) burns d) burnt

4-Find the mistake in each of the following sentences, then write it correctly:

a) since b) ago c) from d) for

4-Find the mistake in each of the following sentences, then write it correctly:

3- نستخدم كلمة by .

4-الفاعل يصير مفعولا به بعد كلمة by.

39- Doctors kept him (life-alive-living-a life) on a life-support machine.

40- Could I (lend-give-owe-borrow) your bike from you until next week?

39- His first short story (developed-did-provided-established) him as one of the great short story writers of the Arab world.

40- My wealth people offer help to the poor and the (disability-ability-disables-capability).

39- In every tree, there is a circle of soft cells which (harden-drop-stay-go) every spring or summer.

40- The (tapes-tunnels-tubes-channels) carry water from a tree's roots to its leaves.

39- Space tourists will be able to practise (weighting-weight-weightless-weighty) sports.

40- The doctor advised me not to take this medicine as it has nasty side (affects-effects-affections-effective).

40- Bombing civilians is a cruel (dime-crime-criminal-chrome) against humanity.

41- A convicted مدان (murderer-murder-murdering-murdered) was executed أعدم in North Carolina yesterday.

40- Energy from the sun will last (on-with-for-up) billions of years.

41- We can all do very simple things to (waste-pollute-spend-save) energy.

41- She works (as-like-similar-such as) a waitress in a big restaurant.

42- My mother is an expert (in-with-by-of) dress-making.

41- When the employee reaches the age of 60, he / she (recycles-retires-starves-survives).

42- Solving the problem of shortage of water is one of the (challenges-charities-changes-charms) faced by many countries today.

41- The (root-trunk-fruit-bark) is part of the tree which is underground.

42- The (root-trunk-fruit-bark) is the strongest part of the tree.

41- Astronauts (float-swim-sleep-wait) in space as they are weightless.

42- This airline flies to many (goals-aims-destinations-positions) around the world.

42- The Mousetrap is Agatha Christie's longest-(run-ran-runner-running) play.

43- Adel Emam is an excellent actor. He (performs-operates-pretends-makes) on the stage perfectly.

42- A (liquid-solid-gas-rock) is a substance such as water.

43- Fossil fuels have taken millions of years (forming-formed-to form-form).

43- After he (graduated-generated-graded-grew) in law, he worked as a lawyer.

44- Have you finished (read-to read-have read-reading) the magazine?

43- The burglars broke (into-down-in-out) through the kitchen window.

44- She doesn't usually take (place-space-piece-part) in any of the class activities.

43- Trees provide us (for-with-by-of) many useful things from rubber to medicines.

44- The (roots-barks-branches-fruits) grow out from the trunk and support the leaves.

43- I think there's a problem (of-at-for-with) my internet connection.

44- When you are (countless-weightless-harmless-endless) in space, it must be very difficult to stand still.

44- He lives in a big flat which (looks-looks out-outlooks-overlooks) the Nile.

45- Foreign tourism increased (at-by-in-of) 20 % last year.

44- Rubbish is a cheap source of (nuclear-non smoking-non renewable-renewable) energy.

45- Telephone, radio and television are all forms (for-to-in-of) communication.

45- My uncle works in politics. He is a (magician-musician-diplomat-politician).

46- My brother is a journalist. He wrote (an essay-an article-a composition-a letter) about the bad effects of global warming.

45- A space station will (turn-spin-move-orbit) the Earth.

46- Some people have benefited more (for-by-from-with) this TV programme than others.

45- (Leaves-Barks-Roots-Branches) fall from some trees in autumn.

46- The oil which is (contracted-extracted-excavated-included) from olives is used for cooking.

45- The film is based (on-in-at-with) a short story by Thomas Mann.

46- You should protect your skin (of-with-from-at) the harmful effects of the sun.

46- Petra was (captured-arrested-imprisoned-caught) by the Romans in AD 106.

47- Ali was (able-unable-enable-capable) of doing his postgraduate studies at Oxford University.

46- We can benefit from old newspapers by (recycling-making-using-cleaning).

47- Coal, oil and natural gas are all (renewable-nuclear-energy-fossil) fuels.

47- It's still not possible to accurately (predict-protect-prevent-protest) when earthquakes take place.

48- Gymnastics and football are two sports that people can (do-make-act-create) in space.

47- He is fond of reading (adventure-adventures-adventurer-adventure's) stories.

48- He decided (buy-buying-to buy-bought) a new mobile phone.

47- Small supermarkets have to cut their prices to (compete-contain-confess-conclude) with the big supermarkets.

48- If you don't (break-crash-obey-disobey) traffic rules, you'll be punished.

47- It is important to keep animals (away-out-off-on) from young trees.

48- The trunk forms a new (hole-band-border-ring) of wood every year.

48- Hydroelectric power stations (renew-generate-recycle-use) electricity.

49- (Geothermal-Geological-Geophysical-geometrical) energy is a kind of energy that comes from hot rocks under the ground.

48- The new government has decided to (sit-sat-get-set) all political prisoners free.

49- The spy was arrested before he could (cross-pass-carry-get) on very important information to the enemy.

5 inches in length

5 centimetres in depth لاحظ استخدام الاسم بعد حرف الجر in

3 metres high

5 inches long

4- (Pressure-Pleasure-Treasure-Press) is the force produced when two things push against each other.

5- (Diesel-Oil-Coal-Petrol) is a hard black fossil fuel from underground.

I think you'll enjoy this book.

5- A friend asks what exams you have this year.

a) tortoises b) eagles c) objects d) winds

5- A passing eagle thought Aeschylus's head to be.......................................

4- My sister loves clothes and buys very fashion dresses.

5- A publication is someone who produces books, newspapers or magazines.

4- You have arranged to spend your summer holiday in Australia. What do you say?

5- A tourist asks you about the next train to Luxor tell him there's one at ten o'clock.

c) the same attractions as d) more attractions than

5- According to the writer, if someone has pains in his muscles and joints, he should go to...........................

4- He banged his head and is now suffering from (memory-amnesia-flu-asthma).

5- After they saw the mouse, they decided to put a (mousetrap-mouse trip-mouse tape-mouse top) in the kitchen.

4- Some trees have some branches pointing downwards so that snow can fall (up-off-out-of) their leaves.

5- Different climates and soils (import-report-support-export) different types of forest.

a) petrol b) gas c) energy d) fuels

5- Electricity is produced in a ..................... station.

4- How many money do you need for your holiday?

5- Fifty degrees are a very high temperature

4- I (meet-am meeting-will meet-is going to meet) a friend from Cairo on Monday. I've arranged that.

5- He (will fly-is going to fly-is flying-will be flying) to London tomorrow. He's got his ticket.

4- Would you like being a leader?

5- He wrote short stories to magazines.

4- I want to make some sandwiches. Have we got a bread?

5- How many time do I need to drive to the city centre?

4- If you throw that stone, you break a window.

5- I get a headache if I use the computer for too long.

4- She's going meet her sister in Paris.

5- I've decided that I'm doing more exercise in future.

4- Holes (drill-is drilled-are drilling-are drilled) into the earth to find hot water.

5- In some cities, rubbish (burn-burns-is burnt-is burring) to produce electricity.

4- It now know that Egypt was visited by increasing numbers of visitors last year.

5- Japanese will be speaking at the meeting.

4- Wood is burning for heating and cooking.

5- Oil and gas are find under the ground.

4- I attend this school for five years.

5- Our school was opening exactly 25 years ago today.

a) leaf b bark c) truck d) trunk

5- Scientists tell the age of a tree by .................. the rings in the trunk.

4- You want to know how your friend usually goes to school. What do you ask?

5- Someone asks you how air conditioning damages the environment. How do you reply?

c) Hurricanes move slowly d) Hurricanes are unpredictable

5- The most dangerous part of a hurricane for a beach town is the ............... .

a) an identity b) a personal c) a national d) an individual

5- The police think he did it. He is the main .............

4- I've just crossed my driving test.

5- The space station will be turning the Earth at a height of 320 km.

4- Would you like (some-much-a-any) cup of tea?

5- There is (hairs-some hair-a hair-any hair) in my soup.

4- Sap can be used to make rub.

5- They excrete wood from trees.

4- I (already saw-have already seen-had already seen-was already seeing) the film before I read the book.

5- What (did you do-were you doing-have you done-do you do) when I called you?

4- He (hardly-hardy-harder-hard) ate anything.

5- What are the main (reasons-causes-affects-cases) of road accidents in your area?

4- If you (eat-will eat-had eaten-would eat) a lot of salt, it makes you thirsty.

5- When I was younger, I (was going-had gone-went-go) to Greece on holiday every year.

4- We moved to this house two years ago today. So we lived here for two years.

5- When I was younger, I use to play tennis everyday.

a) less careful b) more careful c) more economic d) less wise

5- When we recycle rubbish, we . our environment.

4- Your sister tells you that the sun is millions of miles away from the Earth. Express how you feel about this.

5- Your mother tells you that the prices of food will go down. You are interested.

d) the education of the great numbers of children

5- the underlined word "they" refers to ............................

4- يعتبر يحيى حقى من رواد الأدب المصرى الحديث.

5- كتب يحيى حقى مجموعة من القصص القصيرة عن الفقراء و المعاقين.

Do you like chickens? (the animals (الفراخ

5-I'd like some writing paper.(ورق الكتابة - لا يعد)

C) Reading

5-Read the following passage, then answer the questions:

c) we hardly see trees d) there are no trees

5-The Native Americans use .......... for reducing fever and fighting influenza.

d) animals do not suffer during experiments.

5-The idea against using animals in research is that...............

49- You shouldn't take what doesn't belong (with-of-at-to) you.

50- It took him an hour (do-to do-doing-to doing) his homework.

49- This painting is (lyrical-historical-typical-economical) of his early work.

50- My cousin works (out-on-up-for) a computer company in Cairo.

49- The age of the tree can be calculated by counting the (rings-holes-wells-scares).

50- The (length-width-height-depth) of a ring indicates whether there was drought or rainfall in a particular area.

49- I don't think you understand the (serious-dangerous-gravity-seriously) of the situation.

50- The manager tried hard to (improve-repair-fix-prove) conditions for factory workers.

I'm taking an English exam.

6- A friend wants to know the train times to Cairo.

5- How (much-many-some-lot) money did you pay for the book on your desk?

6- Energy (produce-produces-is producing-is produced) when the light from the sun reaches the Earth.

5- A (branch-trunk-bark-fruit) grows on a plant or tree and has seeds inside.

6- Every year, trees grow extra (rings-roots-fruit-leaves) of new wood.

5- I sent an e-mail with two (attachments-letters-parts-posts). They were photos of my friends.

6- I really enjoyed this book. It is written in a very simple (system-design-style-way).

5- If there (isn't-weren't-hadn't been-wasn't) any rain, fields get dry.

6- If the fields (gets-will get-had got-get) very dry this summer, I will irrigate them.

5- If you will freeze water, it turns to ice.

6- If you will call me, I will give you the address.

5- Electricity is produce in energy stations.

6- Many things can take wrong with a car engine.

5- A (true-fictional-fractional-functional) story is invented.

6- My brother and I are not twins, but we are very (alike-same-like-correct).

5- It is say that eating the right food affects health well.

6- Nothing was knowing about the missing boy.

5- Energy from the sun is the best form of readable energy.

6- Nuclear power is produced when atoms spilt.

5- I expect he is going to pass the exam.

6- Perhaps it is raining tomorrow.

a) bus b) railway c) power d) energy

6- Rubbish is a cheap source of ..................... energy.

5- The Eiffel Tower (was designed-designed-have been designed-was designing) by Gustave Eiffel in 1889.

6- The Cairo Metro (used-is using-is used-was using) by about two million passengers everyday.

5- When the children met the queen, they were too ashamed to speak.

6- The Mousetrap is a criminal story.

5- If you kick the ball too hard, you break that window.

6- The Mousetrap written by Agatha Christie.

5- Computer passwords should always be (known-public-secret-famous). You should never tell anyone.

6- The astronauts went on a two-hour space (walk-talk-swim-jump) to replace a broken fuel pump.

a) calculating b) counting c) adding d) widening

6- The function of the .................. is to hold the tree in the ground.

a) suspect b) pioneer c) publisher d) agent

6- The quickest way for Sawsan to get to school is to ............ a train.

5- Thirty kilometers are a long way to travel on one litre of petrol.

6- The rocket is going to reach the moon on Tuesday. Everyone watched the lunch on TV.

5- He refused giving his sun any money.

6- Trees drink carbon dioxide and produce oxygen.

5- He usually drink a cup of coffee after lunch.

6- We are being ask many questions by the tourist

5- Her essay has to be finish by next Monday.

6- When he was younger, he use to work in Cairo.

a) Europe b) Aswan c) The Red Sea d) The New Valley

6-Read the following passage, then answer the questions:

a) Wind b) Rain c) Lightning d) Storm surge

6-Read the following passage, then answer the questions:

a) pollute b) protect c) destroy d) consume

6-Read the following passage, then answer the questions:

c) her children d) the American people

6-Read the following passage, then answer the questions:

d) just moved somewhere new

6-Read the following passage, then answer the questions:

I'm going to buy a paper. ( a newspaper)

6-The window's made of unbreakable glass. (الزجاج - لا يعد)

6- What's wrong with you? Have you got (a-an-any-a few) cold?

7- Do you collect (a-an-some-any) stamps?

a) nuclear b) non-smoking c) non-renewable d) renewable

7- For some people, reading and watching films are forms of ........................ .

a) go b) bring c) come d) take

7- He is a ............. He finds out secret information about a country or organisation

6- When atoms are split, (nuclear-hydroelectric-geothermal-biological) energy is produced.

7- If you make rock or metal very hot, it becomes (melted-smelted-frozen-molten).

6- If she trains hard, she wins next week's race.

7- If you'll mix red and white, you get pink.

6- It's three years (for-since-ago-when) I went on holiday.

7- It (is expected-is expecting-expects-expecting) that Egypt will win the match.

6- The trunk forms a new circle of wood every year.

7- Millions of trees are cut out every year.

6- She played the piano since the age of six and she still plays every day.

7- Our block of flats build five years ago.

6- Care should take when working on electrical equipment.

7- People must not be left bicycles in the driveway.

6- Archaeologists are planning a new (construction-building-examination-excavation) in the south of the country.

7- Police are looking for someone who stole a car yesterday. The main (agent-pioneer-suspect-publisher) is a man in his forties.

6- About 20% of the earth's surface is covered (with-from-of-at) snow.

7- Rainforests make (out-of-down-up) 7% of the earth's surface.

6- It took him half an hour typing the report.

7- She went to London a pair of years ago.

a) seed b) root c) trunk d) leave

7- The ............... is the hard outside part of a tree.

6- Water (heat-is heated-are heated-is heating) to turn it into steam.

7- The steam (is piped-pipes-is piping-are piped) to a power station.

6- Athletics were my father's favourite sport.

7- The team usually plays very well.

6- We should do our best to (increase-raise-rise-reduce) the number of road accidents.

7- We (did-worked-made-carried) three suggestions for improving road safety in our area.

6- You (will break-would break-have broken-should break) it if you aren't careful.

7- We won't start the meeting until you (arrives-had arrived-will arrive-arrive).

6- I (have had-had-had had-was having) my own computer for three years now.

7- While I (did-was doing-have done-doing) my homework, my sister was listening to music.

6- He wrote a collective of short stories about the poor and the disabled.

7- Yehia Haqqi was an important twentieth century writing.

6- Someone asks you if you think the price of oil will increase in the future. What do you say?

7- You are doing a survey about pollution in your town. You would like to ask someone some questions. Explain the situation.

6- The electrician will make repairs on my TV.

7- You can take this medicine. It has no side affects.

The Mask of Gold

7-A) Answer the following questions:

Would you like a glass كوب of water?

7-Don't hurry. There's plenty of time.

a) branch b) root c) bark d) trunk

8- ............... is the liquid that carries food in trees.

7- The film (is starting-is going to start-starts-has started) at 7.30 this evening.

8- A: This year I'm going on holiday with my family to Italy. B: I'm sure you (enjoy-will enjoy-are enjoying-have enjoyed) it.

7- Many of Agatha Christie's stories (made-is made-have been made-have made) into films and TV programmes.

8- English and Arabic (are spoken-is spoken-are speaking-is speaking) in most tourist offices.

7- Smoking don't allowed in the lecture hall.

8- English is speak in America.

7- Headquakes are the main offices of an organization such as the army, police or a business company

8- He lives in a house outlooking the sea.

a) spy b) secret agent c) diplomat d) politician

8- He remembers nothing about the past. He suffers from ................

7- English is speaking in most countries.

8- I haven't seen him since he leaves for Cairo.

7- If we leave now, we (catch-will catch-would catch-might have caught) the train.

8- If it (is-was-are-had been) a dry year, the rings of the tree are narrower.

7- I hope he is getting better soon.

8- Look at those black clouds. It will rain.

7- Yehia Haqqi came from a poor (district-capital-road-way) of Cairo.

8- My brother wants to be a lawyer when he graduates, so he's studying (fashion-law-medicine-straw) at university.

7- A detective is a person who secretly collects information about another country.

8- Neither John or Jack plays computer games.

a) escapism b) ecotourism c) fiction d) waste

8- Space cruisers will probably ..................... the Earth at a height of 320 kilometres.

7- Some drivers have a sat-nav (order-steer-system-tool) in their car to help them find the best route.

8- The rocket is going to reach the Moon on Tuesday. Everyone watched the (launch-start-beginning-set up) on TV.

7- Every year, the cells under the bark of a tree (soften-weaken-harden-deepen) and become new wood.

8- This road is too narrow for all today's traffic, so they are going to (shorten-sharpen-harden-widen) it.

7- My brother is very well (learnt-educated-raised-brought). He went to Cairo University and then Oxford.

8- We're having a (disagreement-conflict-debate-negotiation) at school next week about ways of reducing global warming.

7- Most of the energy we use today comes from foil fuels like coal, oil and gas.

8- Wind (turns can generate electricity.

He went to London three times. مرات

8-Don't go out in the cold without a coat. البرد عموما

D) Writing

8-Write a letter to a friend of explaining what makes a good leader.

D) Writing

8-Write a paragraph of about 100 words on:

8-Write an e-mail to your American friend, Tom, telling him how he can enjoy his visit to Egypt:

9- A) Translate into Arabic:

How has modern technology improved people's lives?

9- A) Translate into Arabic:

The importance of energy

9- A) Translate into Arabic:

The importance of literature and education

9- A) Translate into Arabic:

8- Water passing through a dam produces (solar-nuclear-hydroelectric-geothermal) power.

9- Burying (waste-affair-matter-paste) in the ground can damage the environment.

8- Electricity (produces-is producing-is produced-produce) from the water in the power station.

9- Electricity is sometimes (to make-making-makes-made) from wind turbines.

8- He started to writing in his free time.

9- He was interested on politics.

8- If I play computer games for too long, I (would get-should get-get-could get) a bad headache the next day.

9- Her new furniture (delivered-was delivered-had delivered-has delivered) yesterday.

8- Trees take (after-in-out-off) carbon dioxide and produce oxygen.

9- Hercule Poirot is a detective who woks (at-with-by-on) crimes.

a) wander b) orbit c) move d) fly

9- I think it ............ rain. The sky's looking very dark.

8- It's a beautiful day. Let's sit in (a-an-the-some) garden.

9- I'm going to buy (some-a-an-many) bread.

8- The (smart-beautiful-fast-fashionable) car tells the driver exactly where the vehicle is.

9- I'm sorry; I have been trying to (contain-contact-contest-deliver) you for days.

a) sap b) soup c) soap d) oil

9- If water ............... to 100° c, it boils.

8- If you will water plants regularly they grow well.

9- If you heat water to 100 º C it will boil.

a) asthma b) amnesia c) insomnia d) fear

9- It is feared that there are no survivors of the crash.

8- In the next ten years, people will be rowing to book their holidays in space.

9- Space tourists can make weightless sports in space.

8- Two hours are a long time to wait.

9- The people in our group was watching the film.

8- Lunch was being serve when we arrived.

9- They are going to be built a new factory in Portland.

8- The concert this evening (starts-will start-is starting-is going to start) at 7.

9- We (start-have started-will start-started) the meeting as soon as he arrives.

8- The windows at school (cleaned-were cleaning-were cleaned-had cleaned) this morning.

9- We (told-were telling-have told-were told) to give in our homework on Tuesday.

8- Wood is good for making musical machines.

9- We make paper out from wood from trees.

8- They are using a very powerful (rocket-transfer-transport-transmitter) to send signals to the astronauts.

9- Working as a secret (client-guide-customer-agent) in a foreign country can be a very dangerous job.

8- Yehia Haqqi was one of the astronauts of modern Egyptian literature.

9- Yehia Haqqi was born in 1905 in the Sayyida Zeinab country of Cairo.

8- Five trees cut down a week ago.

9- Yesterday evening, the programme watched by a million people.

I've got a bad cold. نزلة برد

9-This table is made of iron. الحديد (لا يعد)

- Should he have enough money, he will buy a car.

@ Choose the correct answer:

My father helped me with my homework.

@ Choose the correct answer:

20- He wondered why he (had been followed-had followed-was followed-has followed).

@ Find the mistake in each of the following sentences then write it correctly:

30- The (purpose-result-cause-consequence) of the research is to find out about the causes of the disease.

@ Find the mistake in each of the following sentences then write it correctly:

2- Trees are the lungs of the environment. They take much of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and release oxygen via photosynthesis. They provide a cover over the top surface of earth preventing excessive heating up by solar rays.

@ Translate into English:

20- I'd like buying a new mobile.

@ Translate into English:

3- Trees are very valuable. They reduce the devastating effects of flooding. They provide nutrients and shelter for a variety of organisms. They protect the world's climate by absorbing carbon dioxide and producing oxygen.

@ Translate into English:

مستقبل بسيط

A car will be bought. They will buy a car.

8-Write a paragraph of about 100 words about:

A film you have enjoyed recently

The house has been painted. We have painted the house.

A letter was written by Rania. Rania wrote a letter.

If you have high blood pressure, you have to look for a solution. If you are heavy, losing weight can sometimes help. Some people's blood pressure goes down when they give up salt. Others can improve by learning how to relax and make the fullest use of the right kind of exercise. Fortunately, it is possible to control high blood pressure today with proper medicine. High blood pressure can lead to serious problems such as heart diseases, so it is very important to control it.

A) Answer the following Questions:

Tragedy مأساة struck حلت with the assassination اغتيال of President Kennedy. Jacqueline Kennedy had to care for her children alone. She moved to New York City. She protected the children from all the publicity عَلَنيّة. She wanted as much privacy خصوصية as possible, but the people and press always wanted to know about her life. She married Aristotle Onassis in 1968 and lived in Greece. After his death she moved back to New York City and was the editor for Doubleday. She died in 1994. She is remembered for her grace and beauty, her love of words and her family.

A) Answer the following Questions:

3- What other ways can be used instead of experimenting on animals?

A) Choose the correct answer from a, b, c or d:

Animals have the same rights as humans do; to be able to move freely بحرية and not to have pain ألم or fear خوف forced on them. We can use computer modeling نموذج instead of animals in research laboratories to save animals' life.

A) Give short answers to the following questions:

Apple, pear كمثرى, and orange trees are just a few of the types of trees that provide us with nourishment تغذية. In addition to food, trees are also a constant source of medicine for the human race. For centuries the Chinese have used tea made from ginkgo seeds بذور الجنكة as a cure for كعلاج لـ respiratory التنفس illnesses, such as asthma الربو. In more modern times, ginkgo leaf extract has been used as a treatment for Alzheimer and depression. The Native Americans use Aspen الحور الرجراج bark for reducing fever and fighting influenza.

A) Give short answers to the following questions:

Our tourist today wants efficient and friendly service. He would probably prefer to try our samples of our local food rather than to eat the international meals, which are served, in some places. It must also be remembered that most tourists nowadays are seldom rich. Many of them are students or hardworking employees. So what is needed is not expensive hotels but clean comfortable places to sleep and eat in at reasonable prices. This, too, would encourage Egyptians to travel more and more around their lovely country.

A) Give short answers to the following questions:

surges تدفق hit the beaches. Storm surges are the main reason people are told to leave beach towns and move inland when a hurricane approaches يقترب. Hurricanes move very slowly though مع ذلك, so people have a chance to get out of the way.

A) Give short answers to the following questions:

water, but we don't yet have the technology to do this in a big way. Perhaps, the biggest problem we shall have when the world's population doubles will be pollution. The air we breathe is already badly polluted.

A) Give short answers to the following questions:

(Units 1, 2 & 3 + Chapter 2)

A) Language Functions

Revision Test 2 (Unit 4-6 & Chapter 3)

A) Language Functions

Test 2 (Unit 2 + Chapter 1)

A) Language Functions

Test 3 (Unit 3 & Chapter 2)

A) Language Functions

B: The metro has broken down. Speaker A:

A: But you are always late for the first lesson. Speaker B:

B: Here you are. Speaker A:

A: Have a safe trip. Speaker B:

B: I'll be with you in a minute. Speaker B:

A: OK. Function:

B: At 12 p.m. Function

A: Ok. Book me a seat, please.

B: I'm sorry, sir. I won't be late again. Function

A: Ok. Book me a seat, please.

like to buy him a book about space travel. Speaker A:

A: These two are very popular. This one is ten Speaker B:

colleagues. Speaker B:

A: What's your mission exactly? Function:

B: It's an action film. Speaker A:

A: When does the last programme start? Speaker B:

فى حالة الأفعال المتبوعة بـ (to + inf.) نستخدم (to be + p.p.) عند التحويل إلى مبنى للمجهول.

Active I want you to tell me the truth. (be)

إذا كانت الجملة منفية بـ don't / doesn't نستخدم am not / is not / aren't + p.p. أما اذا كانت منفية بـ didn't نستخدم wasn't / weren't + p.p.

Active Passive

3- الفاعل يصبح مفعولا بعد الفعل.

Active Passive

catch يقبض على / arrest يقبض على / damage يدمر / destroy يدمر / kill يقتل marry يتزوج / burn يحرق / beat يهزم

Active The police caught the bank robbers.

Form:التكوين

Active المبنى للمعلوم was / were + v. + ing

Form: التكوين

Active المبنى للمعلوم التصريف الثانى للفعل

Form: التكوين

Active مبنى للمعلوم Has / have + pp

Form: التكوين

Active مبنى للمعلوم had + pp

Jackson likes to play and go on walks but hates getting a bath. Whenever he hears the water running in the tub, he hides behind the couch and growls at his owner, Jennifer. One day, he even ran out of the front door when it was bath time. He ran and ran until he found a huge mud puddle, and he jumped right into the water. He was completely covered in mud. He continued his journey away from home hoping to find other dogs in the neighborhood that wanted to play. He did not find any dogs at the local park where Jennifer always walked him at night. He hoped he would at least find a cat to chase, but there were no dogs or cats in Jackson's path.

After an hour, Jackson started to get hungry and decided to walk back to the house. Jennifer was worried. She looked all over the neighborhood and had no luck finding him. When she got home, she heard a bark coming from the front door. That bark was familiar. It was Jackson! Before Jackson could eat his dinner, he had to face the bath he had run away from. This time, he listened and took his bath without any trouble. Soon Jackson was clean, but he needed a nap!

Ex: There were three murders in the town last year.

After the assassination of Sadat, Mubarrak came to power.

Language Functions

Agreeing with an opinion

Weightless عديم الوزن Having no weight, especially when traveling

Antonyms كلمات و عكسها

at any time فى أى وقت work on a crime يعمل على حل جريمة

Antonyms كلمات و عكسها

at the coronation فى حفل التتويج ready for جاهز لـ

Antonyms كلمات و عكسها

deal with يتناول / يتعامل مع give a reason يقدم سبب

Antonyms كلمات و عكسها

fall over يسقط along the side of the street على جانب الشارع

Antonyms كلمات و عكسها

slow down يبطئ take photographs of يصور

Antonyms كلمات و عكسها

work on a crime يعمل على حل لغز جريمة solve a crime يحل لغز الجريمة

Antonyms كلمات و عكسها

مضارع بسيط

Arabic is spoken in Egypt. People speak Arabic in Egypt.

When he had read the novel, he watched TV.

As soon as he had found a place, he parked his car.

Ex: I read a collection of short stories about the poor and the disabled.

As well as + v. + ing / اسم بالاضافة الى

Ex: Machines need energy to work.

As well as + v. + ing بالإضافة الى

Language Functions

Asking for opinion

Objects sometimes fall from space and hit the Earth. Although most asteroids burn up as soon as they reach the Earth's atmosphere, some cause big craters حفر or holes in the Earth's surface. Scientists think that millions of years ago dinosaurs died out when a gigantic ضخم asteroid hit the Earth, causing an enormous dust cloud. The dust غبار cloud prevented sunlight from reaching Earth so all the plants died. Animals which lived on plants soon died too because they had nothing to eat. Then big meat-eating animals like dinosaurs started to suffer because the animals they usually ate had disappeared. Dinosaurs were huge creatures and required a lot of food. Soon there weren't enough animals for them to eat and they became extinct. منقرض

Asteroids are not the only things that fall from the sky. There have been reports throughout history of showers of dish, frogs and even sheep. The Greek writer Aeschylus was killed when a tortoise fell from the sky and hit him on the head. Eagles like to eat tortoises, but they find it difficult to break their tough shells. They sometimes pick them up, fly high into the sky and drop them on rocks so that the shells break and they can get at the tortoise inside. Aeschylus was bald and a passing eagle mistook his head for a rock.

Ex: At the age of seven, my parents took me to Jordon.

At the age of seven, I was taken to Jordon by my parents.

بعض الأسماء المنتهية بحرف s مثل الألعاب الرياضية و المواد الدراسية يُستخدم معها دائما فعل مفرد:

Athletics ألعاب القوى / politics السياسة / gymnastics ألعاب الجمباز / news الأخبار

Alike متشابه almost exactly the same; similar

Attend يحضر to go to a meeting, school, church, etc.

3- Mention some types of trees that provide us with nourishment?

B) Choose the correct answer from a, b, c or d:

3- Mention two problems we will face as a result of overpopulation.

B) Choose the correct answer from a, b, c or d:

3- What does the underlined word "they" refer to?

B) Choose the correct answer from a, b, c or d:

3- What sort of people did the writer suggest to enjoy our warm dry climate?

B) Choose the correct answer from a, b, c or d:

3- Which sex is higher in hypertension rates male or female?

B) Choose the correct answer from a, b, c, or d:

3- Why is Jacqueline Kennedy remembered?

B) Choose the correct answer from a, b, c, or d:

2- Where was Leila's first dig?

B) Read the following quotation and answer the questions:

2- Why did Leila study archaeology in Rome?

B) Read the following quotation and answer the questions:

2- Although they are sisters, Leila and Samira are two different characters. Discuss.

B) Read the following quotation, then answer the questions:

2- What did Leila take with her when she travelled to Peru? Why?

B) Read the following quotation, then answer the questions:

Egypt has a strong cultural history. Some of the great Arab writers, musicians and craftsmen are Egyptians. Tawfik Al Hakim, Naguib Mahfouz and Yehia Haqqi were probably the best known writers in Arabic.

B) Translate into English:

Everyone who has traveled into space has described the magic feeling of looking down on the Earth as it spins below you. It will be impossible to go shopping or go for a walk. However you can do exercises.

B) Translate into English:

Most of the energy we use today comes from coal, oil and gas. But these will not last forever, and burning them is slowly harming the environment. So we need to look for other ways of supplying energy.

B) Translate into English:

The 20th century will be remembered for its scientific revolution. Our age is the age of the atom, space, and revolutionary medical achievements. Therefore conferences are organized to apply and make use of these achievements.

B) Translate into English:

A: Let me examine you.

B) Vocabulary and Structure

B: Really? I'd like to watch that, too.

B) Vocabulary and Structure

B: Thank you. Function:

B) Vocabulary and Structure

2- A: How would you like to pay for your suit? Place:

B: By credit card. Speaker A:

and this is five pounds. Function:

B: Could I have the one that's five pounds, please?

of tea? Speaker A:

B: First put a spoonful of tea in a cup. Then Speaker B:

A: It will cost you 15 pounds. Speaker B:

B: Here you are. Function:

2- A: I'd like a ticket to Alex, please. Place:

B: Here you are. Speaker A:

2- A: Can I see your ticket, please? Place:

B: Here you are. When will the film start? Speaker A:

12- A: The phone is ringing.

B: I (answer-am going to answer-am answering-will answer) it.

2- A: What's wrong with you? Place:

B: I have a nasty headache. Speaker A:

1- A: Can I help you? Place:

B: I want to send a registered letter. Speaker A:

doing this week? Place:

B: I'm traveling into space with two other Speaker A:

A: Thanks. How much is it? Speaker B:

B: It's 20 pounds. Function:

2- A: Can you turn the television for me, please? Place:

B: OK, Mum. What's on? Speaker A:

A: This cream helps a lot. Speaker B:

B: OK. I'll take it. Function:

A: At 7:30. Speaker B:

B: Thank you. Function

A: How long have you been suffering from it? Speaker B:

B: Two days. Function:

A: What about its side effects? Speaker B:

B: We hope it won't have any side effects. Function:

A: With or without a bathroom? Speaker B:

B: With a bathroom. Function

1- A: Hello! Can I help you, sir? Place:

B: Yes, I'd like to have a single room, please. Speaker A:

1- A: Good morning. Can I help you?

B: Yes, it's my father's birthday soon. I'd Place:

A: Well. Shall I put it in a bag for you? Speaker B:

B: Yes, please. Function:

2- A: Can I help you? Place:

B: Yes, please. I'd like a cream for sunburn. Speaker A:

2- A: Can this new drug prolong human life? Place:

B: Yes, we believe it can. Speaker A:

Be able to + مصدر يكون قادر على Enable ... to + مصدر يمكن . من

Be capable of + v. + ing يكون قادر على

Ex: As well as cooking for 20 people, she did all the washing up.

Be used to + مصدر يستخدم لـ Be used for + v. + ing يستخدم لـ

After / When / As soon as + past perfect + past simple

Before / By the time + past simple + past perfect

After / When / As soon as + ماضى تام + ماضى بسيط

Before / By the time + ماضى بسيط + ماضى تام

Ex: They are similar, but they are not the same.

Brass النحاس الأصفر is similar to gold in colour.

Before he parked TV, he had found a place.

By the time the police arrived, the thief had escaped.

2- What does "it" refer to?

C) Complete the following sentences:

2- What is she talking about? Why do they want to keep it secret?

C) Complete the following sentences:

2- Why did Dr Hafez have to take good care of that person?

C) Complete the following sentences:

2- Why were they going to Cuzco?

C) Complete the following sentences:

6- It's a really good film. I'm sure you enjoy it.

C) Reading

6- The mechanic is repaired my car at the moment.

C) Reading

6- The prisoner of Zenda was wrote by Anthony Hope.

C) Reading

6- Thirty kilometers are a long way to walk in hot weather.

C) Reading

6-Read the following passage, then answer the questions:

Call me old-fashioned. Call me old. Call me what you want, but I refuse to become part of this new Internet world. I don't possess a computer at home or at the office. Actually, I stopped going to an office 35 years ago, when all communications were done in a relaxed manner with a pen, a typewriter or over the telephone. Tell me what you think of the following and that appeared the other day in the newspaper. It was for a cure for cancer and that is what is said: "Awareness is the key. Visit spfulford.com at the awareness site." There was no address or telephone number for the site. So what do unfortunate people without a computer do if they are seeking a cure for their illness? There are, I am told, certain advantages in having access to the Internet. The internet users can pay bills, order groceries or discuss illness with their doctor. In the future, the internet may develop "consciousness". In other words, the internet will be able to think, have feelings and act on its own. If this is right, I may change my attitude about computers. As I grow older each day, I would like a gadget that not only thinks for me but also accepts responsibility for all my mistakes

Can I ask your advice about ......... ? Why don't you ......... ?

Can you give me some advice about ...? If I were you, I'd ............

Can you show me how to use this vacuum cleaner? First, connect it to the electricity supply. After that, press the red button

Can you tell me how to make tea the English way? First, boil some water. Then, put some tea into the put. Finally, pour the boiling water on the tea.

The artificial satellite was invented in 1957.

Christopher Columbus discovered America.

The force produced when pressing against something.

Coal الفحم a black fossil fuel from underground.

2- Would you like a coffee? (a cup of coffee (فنجان قهوة

Coffee can you stop you sleeping. مشروب القهوة

I paid double for those trousers before the sale.

Company profits have doubled since the introduction of new technology.

Identity الهوية Who someone is

Confusable Words

having a lot of money, land or valuable possessions, especially when you or your family have owned them for a long time.

Confusable Words

improve يتحسن / يحسن improvement تحسين / تحسن improved محسن

Confusable Words

Castle قلعة a very large strong building built in the past to protect the people inside from attack

Coronation تتويج a ceremony in which somebody officially becomes a king or queen

1- A: The car's engine is making a strange noise. Place:

Could you check it, please? Speaker A:

9- A) Translate into Arabic:

Currently, the cost of a holiday in space is very high. But the more people want something, the cheaper it will become. So if you are interested, start saving now!

Attachments ملحقات something you attach to/send with an e-mail

Custom عادة something that people do in a society because it is traditional

2- Amalia Guzman was .................. .

D) Writing

2- Machu Picchu was ....................................................................................

D) Writing

2- People think that Dr Hafez is giving Leila a special treatment......................

D) Writing

2- Unlike the ancient Egyptians, the Incas ............................................................... .

D) Writing

He never got over the death of his daughter.

Deadly weapons are used in wars.

Couple زوجان two people who are married or have a romantic relationship

Debate مناقشة an organised discussion on an important subject

apply for a job يتقدم بطلب لوظيفة go up يزداد / يرتفع

Definitions

أو فن الإغريق والرومان

Definitions تعريفات

reduce يقلل reduction تقليل / خفض reduced مخفض

Definitionsتعريفات

suspicion اشتباه / شك suspicious مرتاب / متشكك

Definitionsتعريفات

write يكتب writer كاتب written مكتوب

Definitionsتعريفات

advantage ميزة disadvantage عيب

Derivatives المشتقات

brave شجاع cowardly جبان

Derivatives المشتقات

import يستورد export يصدر

Derivatives المشتقات

local محلى global عالمى

Derivatives المشتقات

nearest أقرب farthest أبعد

Derivatives المشتقات

possible ممكن impossible مستحيل

Derivatives المشتقات

سلك العجلة A thin metal bar which connects the ring around the outside of a wheel to the centre

Distance مسافة The amount of space between two places

Develop يطور / ينمى to make a new product or idea successful

District حى سكنى

4-Do you like chicken? (chicken meat (لحم الفراخ

Do you like chickens? (the animals (الفراخ

Food prices are reported to have increased by 10 % last year.

Doctors say that smoking is bad for health. It is said that smoking is bad for health.

The accident is known to have happened at 3 o'clock in the morning.

Doctors say that smoking is bad for health. It is said that smoking is bad for health.

This is the only friend I have met there.

Egypt has changed a lot in the last few years.

Active Passive

English is spoken in many countries in Africa. People speak English in many countries in Africa.

مقاطعة / منطقة an area of a city or country

Establish

take someone's place يحل محل شخص take part in يشارك فى

Ex: A terrible accident took place last week.

make + مفعول + مصدر يجعل

Ex: Adel Imam is a wonderful comedian. He makes people laugh.

Negative past simple + till / until + past perfect

Ex: After he had done his homework, he watched television.

ماضى بسيط منفى + till / until + ماضى تام

Ex: After he had done his homework, he watched television.

a day / an hour تستخدم a قبل كلمات معينة بمعني (في كل أو لكل)

Ex: Ali studies five hours a day.

Passive مبنى للمجهول had been + pp

Ex: As soon as he had taken the photograph, he showed it to his friend.

Passive المبنى للمجهول Was / were + pp

Ex: At the age of seven, my parents took me to Jordon.

lay / laid / laid يضع / تبيض (الدجاجةُ) / يُعِدّ / يُرتِّب

Ex: Don't lie to me. I know everything.

take + مدة زمنية + to + مصدر يستغرق

Ex: Fossil fuels have taken millions of years to form.

red tape الروتين الحكومى (الإجراءات الحكومية التى تؤدى إلى تعطيل العمل)

Ex: Getting up at dawn is part of his daily routine.

gymnastics ألعاب الجمباز (يليها الفعل فى صيغة المفرد)

Ex: Gymnastics is a sport in which physical exercises and movements are performed

hear of / about يسمع عن (شخص / شئ) hear from يتلقى أخبارا من

Ex: Have you ever heard of Alfred Nobel?

finish + v. + ing ينتهى من

Ex: Have you finished reading the story?

without + v. + ing بدون

Ex: He entered the house without being seen by anybody.

a life حياة ( نوع معين من الحياة) the life حياة (شخص / شعب)

Ex: He isn't dead. He's alive.

refuse + to + مصدر يرفض

Ex: He refused to help me.

train as + a / an + وظيفة يتدرب كـ

Ex: He trained as a doctor in a big hospital.

be about to + مصدر : nearly تقريباً / على وشك

Ex: He was about to leave the house when the phone rang.

How + صفة What + اسم

Ex: How big What size ما حجم

cause (n) of سبب (يليها اسم )

Ex: I don't know the reason for his failure.

enjoy + v. + ing يستمتع بـ

Ex: I enjoy watching football matches on television.

like + v. + ing يحب would like + to + مصدر يريد

Ex: I like playing tennis.

be about to + مصدر على وشك

Ex: I was about to leave the house when the phone rang.

others الآخر / الآخرون (تشير الى الأشخاص و الأشياء )

Ex: I'm going to have another piece of cake.

politics السياسة (الخاصة بالدولة ونظام الحكم) policyمبدأ / قاعدة يسير عليها الفرد/ العمل

Ex: I'm not interested in politics.

decide to + مصدر يقرر decide on + اسم يختار Decide that + جملة يقرر

Ex: In the end, we decided to go to the theatre.

وتأتى قبل الفعل الأساسى و بعد الأفعال المساعدة

Ex: Iron الحديد is a hard material.

start / begin + v. + ing / to + مصدر لكن فى حالة ايتخدامهما فى المضارع المستمر نستخدم ( المصدر (to +

Ex: It has started raining.

صفة +to + مصدر هناك بعض الصفات التى يليها (مصدر + to)

Ex: It was easy to answer all the questions.

such a / an + صفة + اسم مفرد جدا

Ex: It was such an exciting film.

over the ages / over the years / over the centuries علي مر العصور/ السنين/القرون

Ex: It's the first time I have been to London.

most + noun اسم: nearly all معظم the most + صفة طويلة: الأكثر

Ex: Most people think that money brings happiness.

double ضعف (العدد أو الكمية / يضاعف

Ex: Mr and Mrs Hani are a happy couple.

Neither ...... nor ......... لا و لا (الفعل يمكن أن يكون مفرد أو جمع)

Ex: Neither Sara nor Yara was / were absent.

made by مصنوع بواسطة (شخص أو دولة أو شركة)

Ex: She bought a bag made of leather.

made from مصنوع من (مادة أو مواد يتغير شكلها بعد التصنيع)

Ex: She bought a bag made of leather.

effect (n) تأثير

Ex: Smoking affects health badly.

Passive المبنى للمجهول was / were + being + pp

Ex: Somebody phoned me while I was cooking the dinner.

Passive مبنى للمجهول Has / have + been + pp

Ex: Something is wrong with his car, so he has taken it to the garage.

thank for يشكر على (يليها اسم أو فعل ينتهى بـ ing

Ex: Thank you for your help.

discover يكتشف (شئ كان موجودا من قبل و لكنه كان مجهولا

Ex: The best way to explore the countryside is on foot.

publish ينشر (كتاب أو صحيفة مثلا) advertise يعلن عن (سلع أو خدمات)

Ex: The company has published all his books.

reach يصل إلى (يليه مفعول به)

Ex: The plane has just arrived.

smelt يستخرج المعدن من الخام

Ex: The snow usually melts by mid March.

Snatch يختطف (شئ) grab / يمسك يختطف (شئ)

Ex: The wife of a businessman has been kidnapped from her home in Surrey.

أو (مصدر to + )

Ex: There are many ways of solving the problem.

row صف (من الناس أو الأشياء جنبا إلى جنب)

Ex: There is a long queue in front of the ticket office.

weather الطقس (حالة الجو خلال فترة زمنية قصيرة)

Ex: We are retiring to the Maldives because we like a sunny climate.

stop + v. + ing يتوقف عن

Ex: We should stop using up non-renewable sources of energy.

earn (earned / earned) يكسب (من العمل الجاد)

Ex: win: (a medal ميدالية / a cup كأس / a race سباق / a competition مسابقة /

Amnesia فقدان الذاكرة Not being able to remember

Excavation التنقيب عن الآثار Digging up the ground to find things from the past

التعبير عن الدهشة أو الاهتمام

Expressing surprise

Ex: Father let me go on a tour round Luxor.

Father allowed me to go on a tour round Luxor.

لاحظ أن أفعال الاحساس يليها صفة و اذا استخدمت كأسماء يسبقها صفة و هذ الأفعال هى

Feel / look / smell / sound / taste

We can again think about what we throw out. Why do we throw away so much food packaging تعبئة, so many plastic supermarket bags, old newspapers, old books, bottles and cans علب? What is all this rubbish doing to our environment, to the world we live in? Can't we use some of it again? The answer is: yes, we can. New industries - recycling industries - are starting to re-use some of our rubbish.

For example, the island of Taiwan now buys tons أطنان of waste paper from the U.S.A. and recycles it to make newspapers, and for use in offices and homes. Japan takes scrap metal حديد خردة from the U.S.A. and makes some new parts with it. Most European and American cities now have "recycling centres" for people's old bottles and newspapers. For both the environment and the economy, recycling makes very good sense.

Atom ذرة the smallest part that a substance can be divided into

Fossil fuel وقود الحفريات fuel made from animals or plants that lived millions of years ago

The train leaves at five o'clock.

General Test

ياله من أمر مثير

Good heavens! أمر مدهش Is that right? أحقا كذلك

connect to يوصل بـ stand still يقف بلا حراك

Good luck with حظ سعيد في have fun with يجد متعة في

Currently حاليا At the present time

Gravity جاذبية What makes objects fall to the ground

Ex: I live on a bus route so I can easily get to work.

Hard work is the best route to success.

A nice camera was given to me.

He bought me a mobile. I was bought a mobile.

active Passive

He gave me a nice camera. I was given a nice camera.

A little boy grabbed her handbag as she was walking across the park.

He grabbed his child's arm to stop her from running into the road.

Ex: The hero of the film is a little boy.

He is the world swimming champion.

Life is full of problems.

He leads a happy life / a life of happiness.

Active Passive

He saw them go out. They were seen to go out

أفعال ناقصة تامة فعل ناقص + have + pp فعل ناقص + have + been + pp

He should have paid the bill. The bill should have been paid.

Two men hijacked a jet travelling to Paris and demanded $125 000.

He snatched the photos out of my hand before I had a chance to look at them.

Ex: As well as writing novels, he also translated French literature into Arabic.

He studied English as well as French.

Ex: He managed to cross the Nile.

He succeeded in crossing the Nile.

He took the place of his father after his death.

He took his father's place in the company.

Ex: It's a six-hour train journey from Cairo to Assiut.

He was a young sailor on his first sea voyage.

Future perfect will / shall + have + pp will / shall + have + been + pp

He will have bought the money. The money will have been spent.

He saved the life of my son.

He wrote a book about the life of the Pharaohs.

Invasion غزو Entering another country using military force to take control

Headquarters

Ex: I'm afraid I don't have much sales experience.

His experiences in Germany were rather depressing.

Ex: The loan from the bank helped her (to) start her new business.

His father helped him with the costs of buying a new flat

اعطاء تعليمات

How can I operate this coffee machine? First switch it on, then press اضغط على the red button.

How tall What height ما طول (الانسان / الأشجار)

How deep What depth ما عمق

How old What age ما عمر

How high What height ما ارتفاع

How wide What width ما عرض

How long What length ما طول (الأشياء)

Ex: It took him two hours to do his homework.

How long does it take you to do this job?

5-Read the following passage, then answer the questions:

Hurricanes الأعاصير are large tropical storms that develop in the oceans of the world. Hurricanes gather heat and energy from the warm ocean water. The heat from these warm currents تيارات increases the power of the hurricane. Hurricanes that remain over warm water usually get bigger and stronger, but they weaken تضعف once عندما they get over land. Hurricanes are storms that are given names, and a new list of names is created each year. The first hurricane name starts with the letter A, like Ashley, and the names move through the alphabet as more hurricanes form. Hurricane clouds move in a circle around a point called the eye, which is the center of the storm. To be called a hurricane, a storm must have wind speeds of at least 74 miles per hour. When a hurricane comes ashore, there are heavy rains, large waves and strong winds that cause damage to buildings, cars and trees. Also, flooding فيضان can occur يحدث when large waves called storm

Generate يولد Make electricity

Hydroelectric كهرومائى using water power to produce electricity

I completely agree.أوافق تماما I completely disagree.لا أوافق تماما

I couldn't agree more. أوافق تماما I don't agree.لا أوافق

1- Would you like an orange? (the fruit(برتقالة

I don't like orange. I prefer red. (the colour (اللون البرتقالى

I'd like to stay in Cairo for another few days.

I don't want this shirt. Give me the other one.

The bill has been paid. I have paid the bill.

I had been picked for the team. They had picked me for the team.

I expect / I'm sure / I think / probably /I hope / I believe / I feel sure / Perhaps /

I know / I wonder / I suppose

He was wearing the same shirt he'd had on the day before.

I like the same music as you.

Ex: I need some wood.

I need a piece of wood.

This library loans books, CDs and videotapes.

I owe Janet ten pounds.

I was invited to the party. Ali invited me to the party.

I thought I was being watched. I thought someone was watching me.

ماضى بسيط

I was invited to the party. Ali invited me to the party.

archaeology علم الآثار hide / hid / hidden يخبئ / يخفى

travels رحلات discovery اكتشاف

Do you want to exchange this shirt for another one?

I'd like to extend my stay for another three weeks.

Ex: I'm looking forward to my next summer holiday.

I'm looking forward to visiting my relatives in Giza.

Ex: My children are very shy in front of strangers.

I'm sorry! I feel quite ashamed of myself for forgetting to post your letter.

9- A) Translate into Arabic:

Ibn Sina was a great Arab thinker and doctor. Most of his books were translated into Latin and studied in many European universities. This is because his study of medicine was based upon experiments.

تستخدم هذه الحالة للتعبير عن المواقف التى تكون صحيحة دائما مثل قوانين الطبيعة و الفيزياء و الكيمياء و الفلك....... الخ.

If + present simple مضارع بسيط present simple مضارع بسيط

The first conditional الحالة الأولى

If / Unless + present simpleمضارع بسيط will / shall + inf.

9- A) Translate into Arabic:

If wood is heated, chemicals are produced. These chemicals can be used to make medicines and some kinds of plastic. Wood products are also used in some types of ice cream.

examine يفحص examination فحص examined مفحوص

treat يعالج / يعامل treatment علاج / معاملة treatable يمكن علاجه

disagree with لا يتفق مع benefit from يستفيد من

treatment for علاج لـ solve a problem يحل مشكلة

5-Read the following passage, then answer the questions:

In Egypt, the tourism industry has come to hold a position of great importance lately. It is felt that it could help increase the national income. In some European countries, tourism has brought in millions of dollars yearly, although they lack the natural and historical attractions we have in Egypt. We could, for instance, establish tourist villages for children on the Red Sea. We could teach fishing, swimming, diving and sailing there. Another good idea would be a village in the New Valley for horse riding. And what about villages for people with health problems like rheumatism? The warm dry climate of Aswan and Helwan would certainly help them get better.

In my opinion

In my point of view

B: We have to repair equipment on the

International Space Station.

Molten rocks rushed out of the well.

Iron ore خام is smelted in Helwan factory.

فى اللغة الرسمية من الشائع أن نبدأ الجملة بـأحدى هاتين الصيغتين مع هذه الأفعال:

It + v. to be + pp من الفعل الآول + that + باقى الجملة

Ex: I wish I could stop smoking. It is a very bad habit.

It is a custom in Western Europe for little boys to wear short pants بنطلون to school.

6-Read the following passage, then answer the questions:

It is difficult to believe that less than a 150 years ago, we could not switch on lights in our homes when it went dark. People who wanted to work or study at night had to use gas or oil lights. Electric light bulbs were invented in 1879 by Thomas Edison, who also helped produce the system of getting electricity from where it was generated to where it was used.

come back يعود break in يقتحم (بدون مفعول)

It made him money دَرَت عليه المال know nothing of لا يعرف شيئا عن

Language Notes

It takes / took + اسم أو ضمير مفعول + مدة زمنية + to +مصدر يستغرق

She'll be arriving on the five-thirty train.

It'd be quicker to get there on foot.

لاحظ التركيب التالى:

It's / It's been + مدة زمنية + since ماضى بسيط مثبت

It has started to rain.

It's starting to rain.

In 1961, John Kennedy became president رئيس. The world was then introduced to his beautiful wife Jacqueline. She was intelligent, graceful رشيقة, and beautiful. Americans and the world fell in love with her. Her interests were writing poems and stories, ballet الباليه, and drawing.

Jacqueline traveled all over the world. She became a photographer for a Washington D.C. newspaper and soon met Senator John Kennedy. She married John Kennedy in 1953. They had two children, Caroline, and John Jr., who was born just before John Kennedy became president in 1960. The family moved into the White House. As First Lady, Jackie promoted the "arts". She introduced the world to the White House by conducting tours for visitors. She had many responsibilities, but her children always were her top priority الأولوية.

Active Passive

Journalists report that food prices increased by 10 % last year. It is reported that food prices increased by 10 % last year.

Review A

Key Vocabulary

Unit 2: The Prisoner of Zenda

Key Vocabulary

Unit 4: Writers and Stories

Key Vocabulary

publisher ناشر prize جائزة

Key Vocabulary

و ذلك بدلا من اللغة الغير رسمية مثل I know / we believe و الأفعال الأكثر استخدانا هى

Know / believe / fear / say / think / predict / agree / hope

15- A power state is a building where electricity is made.

Language Focus

2- أجاثا كريستي هي كاتبة إنجليزية اشتهرت بكتابة الروايات البوليسية لكنها أيضا كتبت روايات رومانسية.

Language Focus

20- Modern technology has proved people's lives over the last 50 years.

Language Focus

20- The gang hijacked the boy and asked for a lot of money to let him go.

Language Focus

3- تمدنا الأشجار بمواد البناء و الوقود و المطاط و الفحم.

Language Focus

5- Foul is a substance such as coal, gas or oil, which can be burnt to produce power.

Language Focus

6- كان يحيى حقى مهتما باللغة العربية و قام بتطوير أسلوب جديد فى الكتابة.

Language Focus

17- In summer, Dalia usually play tennis once or twice a week.

Language Functions

20- You be safe in an accident if you wear your seatbelt.

Language Functions

30- I want to be tell me the truth.

Language Functions

She has an excellent memory for names.

Language Notes

They did a number of experiments last week.

Language Notes

Examine يفحص look at something carefully in order to find out something

Launch يطلق when a spacecraft is sent into space

يؤسس يثبت / يرسخ to achieve or give someone a respected position in society or in an organisation

Law قانون the system of rules that people in a country or place must obey

Ex: The main purpose of the research is to find out the causes of the disease.

Let's +مصدر هيا / دعنا How about + v. + ing ما رأيك فى

5-Read the following passage, then answer the questions:

Man's life has been subject to a lot of change during the last hundred years, particularly in what is connected with his consuming استهلاكhabits. Sixty years ago, people did not throw away so many of the things they used. They used and re-used bottles, jars برطمانات, cardboard كارتون boxes, paper bags, etc. much more carefully than we do today. Now, more than fifty years later, we are returning to the same good idea which we now call "recycling".

Doctors do not always know what causes high blood pressure medically called hypertension. But we know a few things about this disease. For example, men's hypertension rates are much greater than women's. Besides the disease usually begins in middle or old age and it sometimes runs in families.

Many people have high blood pressure without knowing it because there are usually no obvious symptoms. If you want to know if "you have blood pressure, you have to ask your doctor to check it for you.

Leak تسرب A small hole that liquid or gas gets out through

Mission بعثة / مهمة An important job that someone has been given to do

Liquid سائل A substance such as water which flows, and is not solid or a gas

Molten منصهر Molten metal or rock is liquid because it is extremely hot.

Who are you going to invite?

More oil may be found.

Shy خجول Nervous and embarrassed about talking to other people

Mousetrap مصيدة فئران A device for catching, and often killing mice

The police don't allow big cars into the city centre. Big cars aren't allowed into the city centre.

Mr David doesn't allow smoking in his office. Smoking isn't allowed in Mr David's office.

Arabic is spoken in Egypt. People speak Arabic in Egypt.

My car is being repaired. The mechanic is repairing my car.

Do you like fish?

My father and I have similar views on politics.

Ex: My father helped me to do my homework.

My father helped me do my homework.

Ex: This film is based on a true story.

My uncle's company is based in Cairo.

Every year on December 10, the anniversary of Nobel's death, the awards جوائز (gold medal, illuminated diploma, and money) are presented تهدى to the winners. Sometimes politics plays an important role in the judges' decisions قرارات. Americans have won numerous عديدة science awards, but relatively نسبيا few literature prizes.

No awards الجوائز were presented from 1940 to 1942 at the beginning of World War II. Some people have won two prizes, but this is rare نادر; others have shared يشترك فى their prizes.

After inventing dynamite, Swedish-born Alfred Nobel became a very rich man. However, he foresaw تنبأ بـ its universally عالميا destructive powers too late. Nobel preferred not to be remembered as the inventor of dynamite, so in 1895, just two weeks before his death, he created a fund اعتماد مالي to be used for awarding prizes to people who had made worthwhile جدير بالاهتمام contributions إسهامات to mankind. Originally there were five awards: literature, physics, chemistry, medicine, and peace. Economics was added in 1968, just sixty-seven years after the first awards ceremony احتفال.

Nobel's original legacy ميراث of nine million dollars was invested, and the interest فائدة on this sum مبلغis used for the awards, which vary تتراوح from $30,000 to $ 125,000.

Active Passive

Nobody has ever beaten me at chess. I have never been beaten at chess.

9- A) Translate into Arabic:

Nothing is more ugly than a street without trees. Trees give us shade and green colour makes us feel at ease. They also purify the air as they give off oxygen by day. That's why we should do our best to spread the green colour all over our cities.

deepen يعمق depth عمق deep عميق

Noun phrasesعبارات اسمية

In a (the/ my) car / taxi تستخدم in قبلcar / taxi إذا سبقهما شيء

On a (the / his) plane / train / boat / bus /

ship وتستخدم on قبل باقي وسائل المواصلات إذا سبقها شيء

On foot / on horseback و لكن نقول

Yesterday أمس - ago منذ last . الماضى - In the past فى الماضى

Once ذات مرة - once upon a time ذات مرة - In old times فى العصور القديمة

Ex: I'm sorry that I wasn't able to phone you yesterday.

Only the Democratic Party is capable of running the country.

Ex: The hotel is in a lovely location overlooking the lake.

Our flight will reach our destination at 7 p.m.

3- نستخدم التصريف الثالث للفعل 4-نستخدم كلمة by 5-الفاعل يصير مفعولا به بعد كلمة by.

Passive Active

Active He doesn't let others laugh at him.

Passive He doesn't let himself be laughed at.

Active I hate people telling me lies.

Passive I hate being told lies.

- He used to smoke, but now he doesn't.

Passive Verbs: Past & Present

Active You must plan your work carefully.

Passive Your work must be carefully planned.

Active المبنى للمعلوم التصريف الثانى للفعل

Passive المبنى للمجهول Was / were + pp

In 1999 - when I was young

Past Continuous Tense الماضى المستمر

#NAME?

Past Perfect زمن الماضى التام

Language Focus

Past Simple Tense زمن الماضى البسيط

do damage يسبب دمار لـ run out of يستنفذ / يستهلك

turn into يتحول إلى types of أنواع كذا

Who is going to be invited?

Perfect modals

6-Read the following passage, then answer the questions:

Perhaps because of their constant دائمpresence وجود, most of us rarely think of the importance of trees in our lives. We may take them for granted, or see them as mere decorations. Trees, however, benefit our environment and provide us medicines. They provide shade in summer and shelter in winter. In fact, trees planted around our homes help reduce heating and cooling costs. During summer, trees can block تحجب the sun and have a refrigerating تبريد effect on us and our homes, and during the winter months, trees can keep us warmer by protecting us from wind and snow. Trees absorb يمتص harmful chemicals such as carbon monoxide and in turn give off oxygen. As well, they filter ترشح and trap تحجب pollutants مواد ملوثة such as smoke, dust, and ash رماد making our air cleaner.

Nuclear نووى using the energy that is produced when an atom is split or joined to another atom

Pipe ينقل بالأنابيب to send a liquid or gas through a pipe to another place

Murder جريمة قتل The crime of killing someone

Poison سم Something that may kill or harm you if you eat or drink it

forever الى الأبد teaching job وظيفة تدريس

Prepositions, Idioms & Expressions

lethargy كسل / خمول questionnaire استبيان / استطلاع رأى

Prepositions, Idioms & Expressions

He didn't park his car until he had found a place.

Present perfect simple tense زمن المضارع التام

- They're building a new school in the village.

Present simple Tense: Active

- I'm always in a hurry in the morning.

Present simple Tense: Passive

Power station محطة طاقة a building where electricity is made

Pressure ضغط The force that a liquid or gas has when it is inside a container or place.

Fictional خيالى not real, invented by a writer

Publication مطبوعة when a book is printed and available to buy

Midday منتصف اليوم Twelve o'clock in the middle of the day.

Publisher ناشر person or company that produces books, magazines, etc., and makes them available for people to buy

2-فى بعض الأماكن يستخدم السكر لعمل وقود للسيارات و المركبات الأخرى.

Review B

old-fashioned not modern and not fashionable any more

Routine الروتين the usual way in which you do things

مركز القيادة / مركز العمليات The place from which a company organisation or military action is controlled

Secret agent

I've decided on blue for the bathroom.

She decided that she would retire to the country.

Ex: The children all look very alike.

She looks best in bright, vibrant colours, like red and pink.

Ex: She spent the evening writing invitations to her friends.

She spent a lot of money on her new clothes.

Ex: Twelve people died in the accident.

She's been dead for twenty years now.

Language Functions

Showing surprise or interest

5-Read the following passage, then answer the questions:

Sleep is a powerful influence on our lives. The traditional theory about sleep is that our brain needs to rest for several hours to refresh itself and to "file" in our memory everything that happened to us during the day. If we are not allowed to sleep, we eventually die.

floor أرضية (المنزل)

Soil تربة (تلقى فيها البذور)

Tom and three other boys went fishing this afternoon.

Some people are rich while others are poor.

Many experts believe there are too many people in the world. Unless there are big changes in the way people think about the number of children they should have, the world's population will double in 25 years. There will be more than 20 cities with populations greater than 20 million. Now there is only one.

Some people point to countries such as Australia and say, "There is plenty of room there." Although most of Australia is unpopulated, and much of it is tiny populated, there are reasons for this. Firstly, much of the land is desert and waterless, and secondly, even the land that is not desert is not suitable for anything, not even growing grass. Another major problem we shall have to face as the world's population grows, is a shortage of energy. We are using up coal and oil and when they have been used up, we shall have to find something to take their place. It is true that we can make electricity from the heat of the sun and moving

Someone robbed me last night.

Someone robbed me of my watch last night.

8-Write a paragraph of about 100 words about:

Space travel in the future

Subject-Verb agreement توافق الفعل و الفعل

Special Cases حالات خاصة

Spin يدور بسرعة Turn around and around very quickly

Spoke

عميل سرى someone who works for a government and tries to get secret information about another country or organisation

Spy جاسوس someone whose job is to find out secret information about a country or organisation

Pioneer رائد one of the first people to do something that other people will continue to develop

Style أسلوب a way of doing or making something that is typical of a particular person, group or period

- My plane leaves at 7.30 in the morning.

Subject-Verb agreement توافق الفعل و الفعل

Leader قائد A person who leads

Suspect شخص مشتبه فيه Someone who may be guilty of a crime

Secret سرى Known about by only a few people

System نظام An organized way of doing something

Ex: The meal includes meat and rice.

Ten people including three children were injured in the accident.

6- A friend asks what you want to do after school. You intend to go to the library. What do you say?

Test 1 (Unit 1 & Chapter 1)

4- You ask for your friend's opinion about modern technology.

Test 4 (Unit 4 & Chapters 1 & 2)

5- Your friend gets poor marks. You give him some advice.

Test 5 (Unit 5 & Chapters 3)

4- Your friend asks you to show him how to make tea.

Test 6 (Unit 6 & Chapters 3)

هذا غير حقيقى تماما

That's true. هذا حقيقى I don't think so. لا أعتقد ذلك

How amazing! كم هو مدهش That's very interesting انه أمر مثير

That's unbelievable! انه أمر لا يصدق Really? أحقا كذلك

Trees have often been important in history. On the Greek island of Kos, there is a tree that is more than 12 metres in width. It is growing exactly in the same place as Hippocrates, the father of medicine, used to teach his pupils. And in another place and time, the English hero Robin Hood is believed to have hidden from his enemies in the branches of large trees.

The English language uses many words connected with trees. You can talk about the branches of a bank or a shop and the trunk of the human body. And if someone has lived somewhere for a long time, you can say they have put down roots.

Edison was a very intelligent man, but when he was at school his teachers did not realize this. He had to leave school at the age of seven because he asked too many questions. His mother realized that he only asked questions because he was interested, so she educated him at home.

The General Electric Company, which Edison started, still supplies most of the electricity in North America today.

a) an asteroid b) a dinosaur c) a tortoise d) a rock

The Mask of Gold

c) angry d) sad

The Mask of Gold

c) communicating with computers d) using mobile telephones

The Mask of Gold

d) Jackson is a bad dog.

The Mask of Gold

railway system نظام السكة الحديد site موقع

The Middle East الشرق الأوسط rising sun شمس مشرقة

Ex: He borrowed some money from the bank.

The bank lent the businessman 500000 pounds.

مضارع تام

The bill has been paid. I have paid the bill.

Ex: He went to London where he studied medicine.

The boy who I wanted to talk to was not at home.

Ex: The coronation takes place as planned.

The coronation takes place as it has been planned.

- If water is heated to 100° c, it boils.

The first conditional الحالة الأولى

Ex: There is a great hole in the ground behind my house.

The glass fell off the table and scattered يتناثر on the floor.

Ex: Hee went to the garage to repair his car.

The government is trying to reform our educational system.

He laid the book on the table.

The hens have laid a lot of eggs.

The metro is being extended. Engineers are extending the metro.

The house has been painted. We have painted the house.

8-Write a paragraph of about 100 words on:

The importance of trees

Ex: You can't stop me from doing what I want.

The main purpose of is to + مصدر الغرض الرئيسى من كذا هو

English is spoken in many countries in Africa. People speak English in many countries in Africa.

The metro is being extended. Engineers are extending the metro.

Ex: When atoms split, enormous amounts of energy are released.

The milk spilt all over the floor.

Ex: The older you get, the more cautious you become.

The more people want to do something, the cheaper it will become.

In ancient times فى العصور القديمة - one day فى يوم من الأيام

The other day (week-month-year)منذ أيام (أسابيع / شهور / سنوات) قليلة

Once ذات مرة - once upon a time ذات مرة - one day فى يوم من الأيام

The other day (week-month-year)منذ أيام (أسابيع / شهور / سنوات) قليلة

The plane arrived at Cairo Airport on time.

The plane arrived in Cairo on time.

Many cars nowadays run on petrol with no lead رصاص in it.

The police ran after the thieves who robbed the bank.

Ex: We always celebrate our wedding anniversary with dinner in an expensive restaurant.

The statue was erected as a memorial to those who died in the war.

I've lost a file containing a lot of important documents.

The team consists of four Europeans and two Americans.

He lay in bed listening to the birds singing.

The town lies to the east of the river.

I hardly knew her.

There was hardly enough to eat.

3-I've got a hair in my mouth. (a single hair (شعرة

There's hair on the floor. (a lot of hair (شعر

Ex: Instead of eating at home, we went to a restaurant.

There's no coffee - would you like a cup of tea instead?

There were a lot of hard questions in the exam.

They always had to work very hard to earn their living.

Ex: The thieves stole five million dollars from the bank.

They robbed a bank last week.

Ex: That dress looks nice. That dress has a nice look.

This cake tastes strange. This cake has a strange taste.

This car was made in Italy.

This car was made by an Italian car company.

Bread is made from flour.

This car was made in 2009.

Ex: It's the first time I have been to London.

This is the only friend I have met there.

sap the liquid that carries food through plants and trees

Toothpaste معجون أسنان substance used for cleaning your teeth

Innocent برئ Not guilty of a crime

Transmitter جهاز ارسال Equipment that sends radio or television signals

2- لقد تم نشر كتبها فى أكثر من مائة دولة.

Unit 1: Reach for the Stars

2- تبذل الحكومة قصارى جهدها لتمكن المواطن المصرى من مجابهة ارتفاع نفقات المعيشة.

Unit 3: Energy

2- علينا أن نتعامل بجدية مع ورد النيل الذى يمتص كميات هائلة من المياه.

Unit 7: Building and Engineering

Egypt has changed a lot in the last few years.

Used to + inf. اعتاد على

Derivatives المشتقات

Verb فعل Noun اسم Adjective صفة

Well-educated على قدر جيد من التعليم wealthy غنى / ثرى

Vocabulary

headquarters مركز القيادة / المقر الرئيسى transmitter جهاز ارسال

Vocabulary

secret identity هوية سرية weapons أسلحة

Vocabulary

Renewable متجدد Can be produced as quickly as it is used

Waste نفايات Materials that are left after you have used something, which you want to get rid of because you no longer need them.

Ex: I'm looking forward to seeing you.

We are looking forward to the summer holidays.

Food prices are reported to have increased by 10 % last year.

We believe that he has recovered from his illness. It is believed that he has recovered from his illness.

He is believed to have recovered from his illness.

We know that the accident happened at 3 o'clock in the morning. It is known that the accident happened at 3 o'clock in the morning.

A car will be bought. They will buy a car.

We may find more oil.

will-shall-can-would-should-could-may-might-must-has to-have to-had to-will have to-needn't-ought to-used to-going to فعل ناقص + مصدر فعل ناقص + be + pp

We may find more oil.

Ex: They travelled across Europe by train / car.

We travelled to Alex in our car.

Ex: Mr Yacoub made us do the exercise again.

We were made to do the exercise again.

Ex: We need to find forms of energy that will never run out.

We've run out of milk - can you go to the shop and get some?

Occasion مناسبة an important event or ceremony

Wealthy ثرى / غنى

Ex: Let's go to the club tonight.

What about going to the club tonight?

Ex: What about going to thee club?

What about this dress?

I don't know the reason why he failed.

What caused the fire?

What do you think about + v. + ing? I think it'd be a good idea to .......

What do you think I ought to do about ...? What about ............?

Asking for advice Giving advice

What do you think I should do to ... ? I think you should .........

What do you think I should do (to improve my English)? I'd say that ...

What do you think of / about (yesterday's match)? As far as I am concerned

The doctor said my leg should be better in a couple of days.

What do you think of this pair of shoes / gloves / glasses / trousers?

Ex: She heard a noise outside.

What kind of music do you listen to?

How do you think (we can reduce pollution)? I think that

What's your opinion about (modern novels)? I don't think that

It has been John's lifelong dream to play on the middle school softball team. He began playing softball when he was in the second grade. His older brother, Tom, taught him to play. They practiced every afternoon. The middle school softball team tryouts were announced. Tom has helped John prepare for the team tryouts. Twenty-three students tried out for the team. The team only had spaces for five students. He worked as hard as he could to prepare for the tryouts. He felt like he had done a good job at the tryouts, but he was nervous, waiting for the team list to be posted. His parents took him to the school to see who had made the team. He was so happy when he saw his name on the list.

When they left the school, his parents said they should go out for pizza. It would just be a little family celebration in his honour. They called his brother, Tom, and he met them at the restaurant. He walked in with a big smile on his face. He was proud of John. His parents were very proud too, although they warned him about keeping his grades up and making sure he did all his homework every day. They do not need to worry about those things. He'd work very hard to stay on the team.

In many countries today, a difficult question is being asked: Do we have the right to use animals in laboratory experiments تجارب? Using animals in medical طبى research has many benefits فوائد. Animal research has enabled researchers الباحثين to develop treatments for many diseases, such as heart disease. It would not have been possible to develop vaccines اللقاح for diseases like smallpox الجدرى without animal research. Every drug anyone takes today was tried first on animals.

Which is more important, the life of a rat or that of a three-year-old child? Medical research is also an excellent way of using unwanted غير ضرورية animals. Last year, over twelve million animals had to be killed because nobody wanted them as pets حيوانات أليفة. The fact is that human benefit cannot be used as a reason سبب for using animals in research, any more than it can be used as a reason for experimenting يحرى تجارب على on other humans. Animals suffer a lot during these experiments. They are forced to live in small cages and they may be unable to move.

Who are you going to invite? More oil may be found.

Who is going to be invited?

- I'll resign if I don't get a pay rise.

Will + inf. + when/as soon as/after/before/till/until + مضارع بسيط أو تام

Ex: Wood is used to make furniture.

Wood is used for making furniture.

Antonyms كلمات و عكسها

Word الكلمة Antonym العكس

The woman who was injured in the accident is in hospital.

Would like + to + مصدر يريد / يود / يحب

يستخدم الماضى البسيط مع الكلمات الآتية:

Yesterday أمس - ago منذ last . الماضى - In the past فى الماضى

at dawn فى الفجر graduate in law يتخرج فى القانون

a believer in مؤمن بـ typical of له نفس صفات أو مزايا كذا

examine a patient يفحص مريض turn around يستدير

a leak in a cup تسرب فى كوب go on a mission يذهب فى مهمة

a leak in a tap تسرب فى حنفية walk on the moon يمشى على القمر

a leak in a tank تسرب فى خزان book a holiday يحجز اجازة

يأتى بعد little / a little اسم لا يعد مع ملاحظة أن

a little: some, a small amount of something كمية قليلة و تكفى

Language Notes

a piece of wood قطعة خشب لاحظ أن كلمة wood هى اسم لا يعد و لا يسبقه a و يمكن أن يسبق بـ a lot of / much / a piece of / some

achievement انجاز Turkish تركى

a sports teacher مدرس ألعاب tools أدوات

Ex: a three-hour meeting اجتماع لمدة ثلاث ساعات

a two-week holiday اجازة لمدة اسبوعين

9- I expect I ............... you at the weekend.

a) 'm going to see b) 'm seeing c) 'll see d) see

11- Don't worry. I'm sure you .................. them again soon.

a) 're going to see b) 're seeing c) 'll see d) see

13- ..................... children are having a picnic in the park.

a) Any b) Much c) Lots d) Some

7- .................. is a ceremony at which a person is made king or queen.

a) Colonization b) Coronation c) Cooperation d) Indication

5- .................. can play an important role in selecting the winners.

a) Economics b) literature

4- Most people are able to get out of the way of a hurricane because ............ .

a) Hurricanes move so quickly b) The storm surge is very small

5- What is the main idea of the passage?

a) Jennifer searches for her dog.

6- ........................ is a way to reuse materials such as paper and glass rather than throwing them away.

a) Returning b) Restoring c) Removing d) Recycling

10- Do you have ............... free time this afternoon?

a) a b) the c) many d) any

5-The underlined pronoun "it" means ...........................

a) a disease b) blood c) pressure d) hypertension

5- When the writer was younger, people communicated with each other by ......

a) advertising on the web b) writing letters or talking on the phone

4- My friend and I look very different, but our personalities are .....................

a) alike b) same c) common d) like

9- Five pounds ..................... a lot for a cup of coffee.

a) are b) cost c) pay d) is

16- One of the players in the blue team .................. very tall.

a) are b) were c) have been d) is

12- In some modern homes, water ............ by energy from the sun.

a) are heated b) heat c) is heated d) is heating

14- My sister ........................ at six tomorrow morning.

a) arrives b) arrived c) has arrived d) was arrived

8- I just have a sandwich ............... midday for my meal.

a) at b) in c) on d) with

2- She sent me the report as an e-mail .....................

a) attachment b) letter c) picture d) article

9- We arrived an hour late. The film ............... half an hour before.

a) began b) was beginning c) had begun d) has begun

9- We arrived an hour late. The film .................. half an hour earlier.

a) began b) was beginning c) had begun d) has begun

6- The ............... is the hard outside part of a tree.

a) branch b) root c) bark d) trunk

2- Electricity is produced in a ..................... station.

a) bus b) railway c) power d) energy

5- Yehia Haqqi was one of the .................. of modern Egyptian literature.

a) careers b) goers c) astronauts d) pioneers

6- I have got a valuable stamp ........................ .

a) connection b) collection c) infection d) team

15- Bad news ........................ make people happy.

a) don't b) doesn't c) haven't d) aren't

1- After the accident, the doctor ............... examined her to check she was injured.

a) examined b) looked at c) tested d) studied

7- This place is not a suitable .................. for a supermarket.

a) extraction b) location c) destination d) station

6- After the storm, there was a huge ........................ of water on the roads.

a) floods b) number c) amount d) lot

4- We call oil and coal ..................... fuels.

a) fossil b) old c) renewable d) waste

8- Windmills are connected to turbines to ..................... electricity.

a) generate b) motivate c) radiate d) facilitate

5- In Britain, children ..................... Secondary School from the age of 11.

a) go b) intend c) choose d) attend

10- I'm having lunch with friends tomorrow. We ............ at the restaurant at 12.30.

a) going to meet b) will meet c) are meeting d) meet

4- It is hard to walk in space because there is no .........................

a) gravity b) waiting c) spin d) air

10- Many people ............ vegetables in their gardens.

a) growing b) are grown c) grow d) is grown

7- In my country, it's the .................. for women to get married in white.

a) habit b) costume c) custom d) customary

15- As soon as the photograph ............, it was shown to his friend.

a) had been taken b) had taken c) has been taken d) took

15- She ........................ to London next spring.

a) has travelled b) travelled c) travels d) is travelling

10- Agatha Christie's books .................. into more than 40 languages.

a) have been translated b) have translated

10- Agatha Christie's books ............... into more than 40 languages.

a) have been translated b) were being translated c) translatedd) have translated

15- Scientists are still ..................... to find out what happens when we sleep.

a) have been trying b) trying c) try d) tried

7- We saw a lot of photographs, but we couldn't ............... the man we'd met.

a) identify b) realise c) look d) watch

3- The little girl does not want to sing because she is .................. .

a) innocent b) secret c) spy d) shy

13- My uncle ............ at university for three years. She comes home every weekend.

a) is b) has been c) is being d) had been

16- Water .................. to people's houses in large plastic bottles.

a) is brought b) is bringing c) bringing d) brought

13- In some places, wood .................. to heat people's homes.

a) is burnt b) are burnt c) burns d) burnt

12- She .................. an archaeologist when she leaves university. That's her plan.

a) is going to become b) am becoming c) will become d) becomes

16- The film .................. at 7.30 this evening.

a) is going to start b) will start c) is starting d) starts

13- He's flying to London at the weekend. His flight ............ at 5.30 in the morning.

a) is leaving b) leaves c) will leave d) left

14- Scientists .............................. to find more sources of renewable energy.

a) is wanted b) am wanted c) has wanted d) want

4- The writer feels that Egypt has got..................the other countries which make so much money from tourism.

a) less attractions than b) the least attractions of

9- Most furniture ............ from wood.

a) made b) is made c) make d) makes

12- How ............... times have you seen that film?

a) many b) much c) lots d) different

11- We don't have ............... free time. We'll have to hurry.

a) many b) some c) a lot d) much

14- There aren't .................. cars on the road this morning.

a) many b) some c) a lot d) much

4- Hypertension requires .salt in food.

a) more b) less c) most d) much

5- Which of the following best describes how John felt when she saw her name on the list?

a) nervous b) happy

5- Wind and wave power are types of ............... energy.

a) new b) waste c) renewable d) cheap

1- We went to the opening of a new school last week. It was a very interesting ..................

a) occasion b) time c) view d) situation

5- I collect postcards which I keep in a .................. box.

a) paper b) card c) cardboard d) wood

1- Coal and oil are two kinds of fossil ........................ .

a) petrol b) gas c) energy d) fuels

4- My favourite musical ............... is the piano.

a) player b instrument c) tool d) equipment

3- They have just received this photo as an e-mail ................

a) post b) attachment c) letter d) part

5- What does "generate" mean in the phrase "generate electricity"?

a) produce b) use c) invent d) find

7- Hydroelectric power does not (purify-pollinate-pollute-promote) the atmosphere.

a) purify b) pollinate c) pollute d) promote

6- When he arrived at the bus stop, he saw a number of people .................. to take the bus.

a) queuing b) creeping c) crawling d) quarrelling

1- When I was at school I won a poetry writing ......................

a) race b) article c) competition d) game

1- When I was at school, I won a poetry writing .................. .

a) race b) article c) competition d) game

5- As first lady, Jacqueline's first priority was...........................

a) riding horses b) the arts

4- My daily .................. starts when my alarm o'clock goes off at 6.30.

a) routine b) habit c) custom d) way

8- For many people going on holiday is a form of .........................

a) seriousness b) fiction c) classics d) escapism

3- The walls of the ..................... were built to protect the town.

a) spoke b) mission c) castle d) house

8- Millions of people watched the rocket .................. on TV.

a) start b) launch c) set off d) beginning

5-You say people have put down roots when they have ..................... .

a) stayed in a place for a long time

2- The police think he did it. He is the main .....................

a) suspect b) pioneer c) publisher d) agent

4-According to the passage, some people support using animals in research because they think that............

a) the life of people is more important than the life of animals.

4- In order to prevent the world's population from being doubled, there must be a change in .....................................

a) the methods of agriculture

5- The word "file" means ..................... .

a) to cut b) to record c) to walk d) to find

2- This medicine is safe. There are no ............................

a) top effects b) side effects c) leaks d) waste

12- When I was younger, I .................. go swimming every day.

a) usually b) used c) use d) used to

5- Space cruisers will probably .................. the Earth at a height of 320 kilometres.

a) wander b) orbit c) move d) fly

16- Somebody phoned me while the dinner ......................

a) was being cooked b) was cooking c) was cooked d) cooked

3- In very hot weather, ice cream turns to ..................... .

a) water b) soft c) liquid d) juice

3- The .................. between Cairo and my town is 650 kilometres.

a) way b) area c) distance d) space

8- I really enjoyed this book. It is written in a very simple ............... .

a) way b) style c) system d) design

2- I really enjoy reading Agatha Christie's novels. I particularly like her .............

a) way b) styles c) system d) design

4- Most of us rarely think of the importance of trees in our lives because..........

a) we always see trees b) we rarely see trees

11- The Romans ............ Petra nearly two thousand years ago.

a) were captured b) had captured c) have captured d) captured

14- I heard him come in while we ............... dinner.

a) were having b) had c) had had d) has had

4-Jacqueline's interests were.....................................

a) writing b) riding horses c) ballet d) all of these

11- Petrol .................. from oil.

a)made b) makes c) are made d) is made

الأسماء التي لا تُعد لا تجمع والفعل معها مفرد ولا يُستخدم معها a / an مثل:

accommodation مسكن furniture أثاث money المال

product منتج Russian روسى

achieve يحقق / ينجز Italian ايطالى

romance قصة رومانسية bang يضرب بشدة

adventure مغامرة radio play مسرحية اذاعية

accommodation مسكن furniture أثاث money المال

advice نصيحة harm ضرر news الأخبار

What was the cause of the fire?

affect (v) يؤثر على

A: The Olympic Games. It's gymnastics this Speaker B:

afternoon. Function:

If you want to sell your product, you must advertise it.

alive عائش / حى / على قيد الحياة Life الحياة (بوجه عام)

all day yesterday the whole day yesterday طوال اليوم أمس

all the time طوال الوقت - for an hour yesterday لمدة ساعة أمس

allow + مفعول + to + مصدر يسمح let + مفعول + مصدر يدع

allow + v. + ing يسمح بــ

يستخدم المضارع التام مع هذه الكلمات:

already / just / yet / ever / never / since / for / lately / recently / so far

يستخدم المضارع البسيط مع ظروف التكرار الآتية:

always دائماً - usually عادةً - often غالباً - sometimes أحياناً - not often

Passive Active Tense

am / is / are مصدر / مصدر + s / es Present simple

Key Vocabulary

amnesia فقدان الذاكرة identity الهوية

natural gas الغاز الطبيعى share يشارك

amount quantity كمية public transport المواصلات العامة

barriers حواجز e-mail بريد اليكترونى

an inlet شرم صغير فى الساحل check يفحص / يتأكد من

Word الكلمة Antonym العكس

ancient قديم modern حديث

I'd like to sit in the second row.

anniversary ذكرى سنوية

celebrate يحتفل بـ braking system جهاز الفرامل

anniversary ذكرى سنوية speed bump مطب لتخفيف السرعة

This is the most expensive car I have ever seen.

another + اسم مفرد يعد / one (آخر (اضافى / مختلف

وتُستخدم الأسماء التي تُعد أيضا مع الكلمات الآتية:

any / some / many / the / How many / two / three, etc. / a lot of

agree يوافق disagree لا يوافق

appear يظهر disappear يختفى

Orient Express train قطار الشرق السريع overlook يطل على

archaeologist عالم آثار hidden مخبأ

forests غابات notice يلاحظ

area of land مساحة من الأرض collect يجمع

arrive at يصل إلى (مكان صغير محدود)

arrive in يصل إلى (دولة / عاصمة / مدينة كبيرة)

We live on a quiet road.

arrive يصل ( لا يليه مفعول به)

He nearly left the house when the phone rang.

as + pp. استخدام التصريف الثالث بعد as هو هنا اختصار لجملة كانت مبنية للمجهول

amnesia فقدان الذاكرة scene مشهد

aspect جانب gradual تدريجى

Vocabulary

astronaut رائد فضاء steam بخار

very close to قريب جدا من take place يحدث

at a young age فى سن صغيرة to his surprise لدهشته

at midday فى منتصف اليوم be made into يتم تحويله الى

at midnight فى منتصف الليل an expert on / at / in خبير فى

Prepositions, Idioms & Expressions

at night فى الليل attach ... to يلحق / يوصل . بـ

repair يصلح destroy يدمر

attached متصل detached منفصل

cardboard ورق مقوى / كرتون capture يستولى على / يأسر

attachment مرفق / ملحق competition مسابقة

routine الروتين establish يؤسس / يثبت / يرسخ

attachments مرفقات law قانون

freeze يتجمد melt يذوب

valuable قيم valueless بلا قيمة

a) Edison invented electricity.

b) Edison never went to school.

a) the life of animals is more important than the life of humans.

b) people should help to increase the number of animals.

advice نصيحة harm ضرر news الأخبار

baggage أمتعة information معلومات traffic المرور

Definitionsتعريفات

bark the material that forms the surface of the wood of a tree

Key Vocabulary

bark اللحاء products منتجات

massive ضخم / هائل rays أشعة

base قاعدة unthinkable غير وارد التفكير فيه / مستحيل

Students take part in the school activities.

based on قائم على / معتمد على based in يكون مقره فى (مكان ما)

pump up to يضخ إلى make use of يستفيد من / يستغل

be connected to متصل بـ in my opinion فى رأيى

welcome to مرحبا بكم فى set free يطلق سراح

be deeply affected by يتأثر تأثرا عميقا بـ with the help of بمساعدة

Prepositions, Idioms & Expressions

be joined to متصل بـ turn down يخفض (الصوت مثلا)

make + مفعول + مصدر فى حالة المبنى للمعلوم نستخدم المصدر

be made + to + مصدر فى حالة المبنى للمجهول نستخدم (مصدر to + )

a match / a game an award / a prize) يفوز بـ / يكسب

beat: (someone شخص / a team فريق) يهزم

إذا كان الفعل يتكون من مقطعين أو اكثر و ينتهى بحرف ساكن مسبوق بحرف متحرك يضاعف الحرف الأخير عند إضافة الــ ing .

begin beginning prefer preferring

baggage أمتعة information معلومات traffic المرور

behaviour سلوك knowledge معرفة water المياه

beliefs معتقدات usage استخدام

behaviour سلوك reinforce يدعم / يعزز / يقوى

limp يعرج / عرج recharge يعيد شحن

bio-fuel وقود حيوى battery بطارية

damage يدمر / دمار furniture الأثاث

branch فرع flat مسطح

rainy ممطر chemicals مواد كيماوية

branches فروع purpose غرض

behaviour سلوك knowledge معرفة water المياه

bread الخبز luck الحظ weather الطقس

worry about يقلق على do gymnastics يمارس ألعاب الجمباز

break down يتعطل take someone out يأخذ شخص للخارج

يضاف حرف s للفعل المنتهى بحرف y مسبوق بحرف متحرك

buy - buys stay-stays

Thank you for helping me.

by بواسطة (يليها فعل ينتهى بـ (ing

a) ginkgo seeds b) the tea tree

c) Aspen bark d) orange trees

a) He grew trees b) He treated patients

c) He taught pupils d) He took medicine

b) Jackson wants to find a friend to play with.

c) Jackson runs away to avoid taking a bath.

a) Well-known b) Strange

c) Pleasant d) Unfriendly.

a) eating pizza b) playing softball

c) doing homework d) finding his name on the list

a) experts b) coal and oil

c) electricity and moving water d) population and pollution

b) animals are harmful creatures.

c) many people do not like animals.

b) lived near some trees

c) moved house

a) literature b) economics

c) peace d) science

a) we are programmed to do so b) the brain needs to rest

c) the body needs to rest d) the memory needs to rest

b) sources of energy

c) the way people think about the number of children they should have

a) cure diseases b) take responsibility for our actions

c) think, have feelings and act on its own d) think for the writer

tube a pipe that liquids or gases go through.

calculate to find out something or measure something by using numbers

goats الماعز pick يقطف

calculate يحسب pink وردى

count يعد melt يذوب

caller المتصل تليفونيا breathe يتنفس

tube أنبوب toothpaste معجون أسنان

cardboard ورق مقوى / كرتون turpentine زيت يستخرج من شجر الصنوبر

different مختلف The same نفس الشئ

careful حريص careless مهمل

يضاف ies للفعل المنتهى بحرف y مسبوق بحرف ساكن مع حذف حرف الــ y

carry - carries fly-flies

grow on trees ينمو على الأشجار a set of instructions مجموعة تعليمات

carry from ... to ينقل من . الى tie ...... to يربط . بـ

reason (n) why سبب / مبرر (يليها جملة تتكون من فاعل و فعل)

cause (v) يسبب

sources of energy مصادر الطاقة environment البيئة

clean energy الطاقة push يدفع

Confusable Words

climate المناخ (حالة الجو خلال فترة زمنية طويلة)

dates بلح soil تربة

coconuts جوز الهند fertilisers أسمدة

law قانون lawyer محامى

collect يجمع collection مجموعة collective جمعى

collect يجمع lawyer محامى

collection مجموعة editor محرر صحفى

point down يشير لأسفل connected with متصل بـ

come off ينفصل look straight ينظر مباشرة

be extracted from يستخرج من at the same speed بنفس السرعة

come up يصعد لأعلى do a survey يقوم باستطلاع رأى

Prepositions, Idioms & Expressions

commit / do a crime يرتكب جريمة on the coast على الساحل

معظم الأسماء التي تُشير إلي مجموعات يمكن أن يُستخدم معها فعل مفرد أو جمع مثل:

company شركة army جيش class فصل team فريق

attach يلحق / يرفق attachment مرفق attached مرفق / ملحق

compete ينافس / يتنافس competition منافسة competitive تنافسى

dis opposite/not عكس/غير

connected متصل disconnected غير متصل

include يشمل including بما فى ذلك

contain يحتوى على (بداخله) consist of يتكون من

Vocabulary

cooking utensils أدوات الطهى thin رقيق / رفيع

reach for the stars الوصول الى النجوم by rocket بالصاروخ

cope with يتغلب على depend on يعتمد على

Verb فعل Noun اسم Adjective صفة

cost يكلف cost تكلفة costly مكلف

classics دراسة الادب اليونانى و الرومانى القديم coronation تتويج

couple زوجان alike متشابه

heart transplant زراعة القلب challenge يتحدى / التحدى

create يخلق retire يتقاعد

including بما فى ذلك lock يحبس

crime stories قصص الجريمة arrest يقبض على

Verb فعل Noun اسم Adjective صفة

crime جريمة

genre نوع أو أسلوب أدبى murder stories قصص الجريمة

crime جريمة victim ضحية

company شركة army جيش class فصل team فريق

crowd جمهور crew (طاقم (طائرة/سفينة couple زوجان committee لجنة

course مجرى (المياه) purpose غرض

current تيار (هواء / ماء) examine يفحص

system نظام distance مسافة / بعد

currently حاليا / فى الوقت الحالى weightless عديم الوزن

road safety سلامة الطريق weightless sports رياضات انعدام الوزن

cushion (v) يخفف شدة الاصطدام speed limit حد السرعة

midday منتصف اليوم pioneer رائد

custom عادة style أسلوب

stop stopping run running

cut cutting

do the homework يحل الواجب go out يطفى (النور)

cut down trees يقطع الأشجار establish himself as يحقق لنفسه مكانة كـ

keep ... away from يبعد عن make a list يعد قائمة

cut trees down يقطع الأشجار good for مفيد لـ

c) Edison was taught by one of his parents.

d) Edison is still the owner of General Electric Company.

c) researchers have to use animals in their medical research.

d) animals have the same rights as humans do.

bread الخبز luck الحظ weather الطقس

damage الدمار luggage أمتعة work العمل

organised منظم metal bar قضيب معدنى

damage يدمر / دمار ring دائرة

surface سطح diesel زيت الديزل

damage يدمر camp يعسكر / معسكر

sat-nav الملاحة الفضائية match (v) يناسب (المقاس)

deaf أصم anniversary ذكرى سنوية

die (v) يموت dead (adj) ميت

death (n) موت deadly (adj) قاتل / مميت

disappear يختفى appear يظهر

death موت life حياة

cost يكلف / تكلفة space exploration استكشاف الفضاء

decrease يقلل e-learning التعلم الاليكترونى

advantages مميزات disadvantages عيوب

deep عميق shallow ضحل

do damage to يسبب ضرر لـ set rules يحدد القواعد

depend on يعتمد على Break the rules يخالف القواعد

take an exam يمتحن in this way بهذه الطريقة

depend on يعتمد على make predictions يقوم بعمل تنبؤات

succeed ينجح success نجاح successful ناجح

depend يعتمد dependence اعتماد dependent معتمد / عالة

expert خبير satellite قمر صناعى / قمر تابع

describe يصف medical test اختبار طبى

particular area منطقة معينة training تدريب

describe يصف soldier جندى

location موقع / موضع / مكان

destination الجهة المقصودة (فى السفر)

commuter شخص يسافر الى و من العمل carve ينحت

diameter قطر cliff جرف: منحدر صخرى شاهق

إذا كان الفعل ينتهى بـ ie نحول الـ ie إلى y عند إضافة الـ ing

die dying lie lying

grow ينمو growth نمو / زيادة growing نامى / متزايد

die يموت death موت dead ميت

medical condition حالة طبية dumb أبكم

dig / dug / dug يحفر guests ضيوف

magic سحرى / رائع surgery جراحة / عيادة

disadvantage عيب available متاح / متوافر

search يفتش search بحث / تفتيش searchable قابل للبحث

disappear يختفى disappearance اختفاء disappearing مختفى

crime fiction روايات الجريمة radio signals اشارات لاسلكية

disappear يختفى retired soldier جندى متقاعد

detect يكشف detective مخبر سرى detective بوليسى

discover يكتشف discovery اكتشاف discovered مكتشف

make notes يدون ملاحظات agree with يتفق مع

discuss ... with يناقش مع fall to the ground يسقط علي الأرض

use up يستهلك along the red sea بمحاذاة البحر الأحمر

divide ... into يقسم . إلى sail ships يُوجه أو يُسير السفن

Prepositions, Idioms & Expressions

do research يقوم بإجراء بحث ask about يسأل عن

take turns يتبادل الأدوار look down on ينظر من أعلي الي

do space walks يتمشى فى الفضاء go shopping يذهب للتسوق

be attached to مرتبط بـ / مرفق مع go for a walk يذهب للتمشية

do weightless sports يمارس رياضات انعدام الوزن go down ينخفض / يقل

wet مبتل / رطب dry جاف

downwards متجه لأسفل upwards متجه لأعلى

refer to يشير الى loaded up with محمل بـ

drill into يحفر فى give out يخرج / يطلق

soft ناعم / أملس hard صلب

dry جاف wet مبلل

syllable مقطع (فى كلمة) disability اعاقة

editor محرر (صحفى) postman ساعى البريد

escape يهرب escapism الهروب من الواقع escaped هارب

educate يعلم education التعليم

enjoyable ممتع Romans الرومان

education التعليم formal رسمى

convenient مناسب inconvenient غير مناسب

efficient كفء inefficient غير كفء

energy-saving موفر للطاقة harmful ضار

electric bulb مصباح كهربى cycle يركب دراجة

generate يولد capture يستولى على/ يأسر/يحصل على

electricity generation توليد الكهرباء store يخزن

nervous about عصبى / خائف من save ...... from ينقذ من

embarrassed about يشعر بالاحراج من on the way back to فى طريق العودة الى

Word الكلمة Antonym العكس

empty فارغ full مملوء

features ملامح solar energy الطاقة الشمسية

enforce يفرض بالقوة hybrid هجين

underground مترو الانفاق beams أشعة

engineer مهندس temples معابد

That's not the way to do it - let me show you.

enjoy + v. + ing يستمتع بـ

e-mail attachments مرفقات بالايميل work for a publisher يعمل لدى ناشر

enter a competition يدخل مسابقة look old fashioned يبدو موضة قديمة

relationship علاقة print يطبع

entertainment تسلية / ترفيه available متاح / متوافر

prevent from يمنع من look in astonishment ينظر فى دهشة

escape from يهرب من at the same time فى نفس الوقت

debate مناقشة / مناظرة / يناقش attend يحضر

escapism الهروب من الواقع castle قلعة

popular شعبى / محبوب unpopular غير شعبى

escapism الهروب من الواقع realism الواقعية

amount كمية fields مجالات / حقول

especially بصفة خاصة / خصوصا security أمن

permit يسمح reduce يقلل

estuary مصب خليجى لنهر directions اتجاهات

يستخدم المضارع البسيط مع الظروف الزمنية الآتية وتأتى فى نهاية الجملة أو أولها

every day/ week / year - twice a week / a month - on Sundays / Fridays

يستخدم المضارع البسيط مع الظروف الزمنية الآتية:

every day/ week / year - twice a week / a month - on Sundays / Fridays

revise يراجع park منتزه / مكان انتظار السيارات

exactly تماما excellent ممتاز

Key Vocabulary

examine يفحص gravity جاذبية / خطورة

poison يسمم poison السم poisonous سام

excavate ينقب عن الآثار excavation التنقيب عن الآثار

twins توأم follow يتبع

excitedly بانفعال Central Europe أوروبا الوسطى

in opposite / not عكس/غير

expensive غالى inexpensive رخيص

reduce يقلل increase يزيد

expensive غالى inexpensive رخيص

graduate يتخرج / خريج encounter يواجه / يقابل

experience يجرب / يعانى tolerant متسامح

flexible مرن inflexible غير مرن

experienced ذو خبرة inexperienced بلا خبرة

experiences مواقف / تجارب (و يقصد بها الأحداث التى يمر بها الانسان فى حياته)

experiment تجربة (تستخدم عندما نتحدث عن العلماء و أبحاثهم)

leak يتسرب leak تسرب leaky به تسرب

explore يستكشف exploration استكشاف exploratory استكشافى

interpret يفسر respected position مكانة / وظيفة محترمة

explosion انفجار rules قواعد

article مقالة experiences خبرات / تجارب (الحياة)

extra زيادة disabled معوق

instrument أداة calculate يحسب

extract يستخرج / يستخلص width عرض / اتساع

publish ينشر publisher ناشر published منشور

fashion موضة fashionable مساير للموضة

Word الكلمة Antonym العكس

fast سريع slow بطئ

route طريق strictly بحزم / بشدة

fault خطأ / عيب serious injuries اصابات خطيرة

الأفعال التى تأخذ حرف الجر for هى:

fetch يحضر / build يبنى / get يحصل على / find يجد / buy يشترى / save يوفر / leave يترك keep يحتفظ بـ / call يدعو / cut يقطع / make يعمل / book يحجز

a few: some , a small number of عدد قليل و يكفى

few: a small number, not many or not enough ; hardly any عدد قليل و لا يكفى

article مقالة flexible مرن

fiction الأدب القصصى / خيال readily بسهولة / حالا

non not غير / عدم

fiction خيال non-fiction حقيقى / واقعى

Verb فعل Noun اسم Adjective صفة

fiction قصة / خيال fictional قصصى / خيالى

confusing محير / مُربك career الحياة العملية

fixed ثابت / محدد diplomat رجل دبلوماسى

voyage رحلة (بحرية)

flight رحلة طيران

substance مادة industry الصناعة

flow ينساب / يتدفق impressed متأثر

listen to يستمع الى look alike يبدو متشابه

forget about ينسى عن say goodbye to يودع

circle دائرة car tyre اطار السيارة

form يكون / يشكل nuts الجوز

important مهم unimportant غير مهم

formal رسمى informal غير رسمى

realise يدرك finance يمول / المالية

forms أشكال needs احتياجات

outlet مخرج inlet مدخل

forward للأمام backward للخلف

alike متشابه mouth مصب النهر

fossil fuel وقود الحفريات predict يتنبأ بـ

law قانون require يتطلب

free time وقت الفراغ attack يهاجم / هجوم

replace يستبدل / يحل محل result نتيجة

fuel pump مضخة الوقود activity نشاط

container وعاء / اناء brush فرشاه

fuel وقود alternatives بدائل

oil rig آلة البترول forms of energy أشكال الطاقة

furnace فرن / أتون Lake Nasser بحيرة ناصر

beat (beat / beaten) يهزم / يتغلب على (يأتى بعده الشخص أو الفريق المهزوم)

gain (gained / gained) يكتسب / يزداد

reduce يقلل reduction تقليل reduced مخفض

generate يولد generation توليد / جيل generative ذو قوة تناسلية

pressure ضغط generation توليد / جيل

geothermal حرارى أرضى hydroelectric power طاقة كهرومائية

solve a crime يحل الجريمة go swimming يذهب للسباحة

get information about يحصل على معلومات عن do a project on / about يعمل مشروع عن

the distance from to المسافة منإلي compare ... to يقارن . بـ

get together يتقابل queue up يصطف في طابور

tides المد و الجزر collect يجمع

giant عملاق garage ورشة سيارات

interested in مهتم بـ have lunch يتناول الغداء

give in يسلم / يستسلم at least على الأقل

الأفعال التى تأخذ حرف الجر to هى:

give يعطى / offer يقدم / pass يمرر / write يكتب / sell يبيع / bring يحضر / show يبين / lend يسلف / read يقرأ / hand يسلم / deliver يوصل / tell يخبر / owe يدين / pay يدفع

cardboard box صندوق من الكرتون paint remover مزيل الطلاء

global warming الاحتباس الحرارى sports equipment أجهزة رياضية

write ... for يكتب لـ belong to يخص / ينتمى الى

go on a tour يذهب فى جولة stop ... from يمنع من

land on the moon يهبط علي القمر interested in مهتم بـ

go on space holidays يقوم بأجازة في الفضاء suffer from يعانى من

turn to يتحول الى give instructions يعطى تعليمات

go on يستمر فى carry out instructions ينفذ التعليمات

at the weekend فى عطلة نهاية الأسبوع be turned into يتحول إلى

go shopping يذهب للتسوق switch on يُشغل

What's the weather like this morning?

ground أرض (خارج المنزل)

earn money / his livingيكسب المال / عيشه (من العمل الجاد)

habit عادة (شخصية ) custom عرف سائد فى المجتمع

compete with يتنافس مع succeed in ينجح فى

happy with سعيد بـ adjust to يتكيف / يتأقلم على

un not غير

happy سعيد unhappy غير سعيد

hard: (adv.) باجتهاد (تأتى بعد الفعل الأساسى)

hardly: (adv.) very little ; almost no بصعوبة / بشقّ النفس / بالكاد / قليلاً ما

I thought I was being watched. I thought someone was watching me.

has / have + been + pp has / have + pp Present perfect

power station محطة طاقة recommend يوصى بـ / يرشح

have the right to لديه الحق فى distance مسافة

damage يدمر treat يعالج

headache صداع spy جاسوس

dizziness دوار / دوخة education التعليم

headache صداع step خطوة

Confusable Words

hear يسمع (بدون قصد) listen to ينصت الى / يستمع الى (بقصد)

5 centimetres deep وفي حالة عدم وجود حرف جر نستخدم الصفة

help + مفعول + to + مصدر يساعد فى

help + مفعول + to + مصدر مصدر / بساعد . فى

help + مفعول + with + اسم يساعد . فى

help + مفعول + مصدر يساعد فى

help + مفعول + with + اسم يساعد فى

It's my policy to do business with people I like.

hero بطل (قصة / رواية / شخص قام بعمل عظيم) champion بطل (رياضى)

turn turbines يدير التوربينات at the age of فى سن

hold back يمتنع عن/يتراجع عن be changed into يتحول إلى

widen يوسع emphatic مشارك للآخرين

horizons مدارك / آفاق opportunity فرصة

weightless sports رياضة انعدام الوزن sources مصادر

horrible فظيع / مريع / رهيب minerals معادن

forest غابة member عضو

identical متماثل / متطابق morally أخلاقيا

invade يغزو invasion غزو

identify يتحقق من identity الهوية

politics السياسة attacker مهاجم / معتدى

immediately فى الحال ceremony احتفال

environmental بيئى experts خبراء

impact تأثير science fiction خيال علمى

simple بسيط complicated معقد

important هام unimportant غير هام

device جهاز currently حاليا

include يشتمل على sat-nav الملاحة الفضائية

float يَعوم / يطفو / يسبح instant عاجل / لحظة

initial أولى / مبدئى a waste of time مضيعة للوقت

Word الكلمة Antonym العكس

innocent برئ guilty مذنب

average متوسط diplomacy الدبلوماسية

insist يصر على diplomatic دبلوماسى

Some writers are greater than others.

instead of + v. + ing بدلا من instead بدلا من ذلك (تأتى أخر الجملة)

cardboard very stiff thick paper, used especially for making boxes

instrument something such as a piano or violin used for producing musical sounds

produce ينتج production انتاج productive انتاجى

introduce يقدم introduction مقدمة introductory تمهيدى

hide / hid / hidden يختبئ habits عادات

invasion غزو preferences تفضيلات

explore يستكشف (مكان / احتمالات)

invent يخترع (شئ لم يكن له وجود من قبل)

engineering الهندسة illuminate ينير / يضئ

investment استثمار monument اثر

invest بستثمر be positioned يوضع فى مكان معين

investor مستثمر raise يرفع / يربى

What's the weather like this morning?

journey رحلة (برية)

take in يمتص / يفهم / يخدع protect ... from يحمى . من

keep away from يبتعد عن in addition to بالاضافة الى

My twin sister and I have got the same nose.

kidnap يختطف (شخصا) hijack يختطف (سفينة أو طائرة)

well-trained مدرب جيدا badly trained ذات تدريب سئ

land يهبط take off تقلع ( الطائرة)

depend on يعتمد على dangerous to خطير على

last for يستمر لمدة go through يمر من

launch a ship يطلق سفينة send ... into space يرسل الى الفضاء

launch a rocket يطلق صاروخ pass the exam يجتاز الامتحان

Verb فعل Noun اسم Adjective صفة

launch ينطلق / يطلق launch انطلاق / اطلاق

hero بطل athletics ألعاب القوى

lawyer محامى favourite sport رياضة مفضلة

notice يلاحظ case قضية

leaderless بدون قائد patient صبور

launch يطلق / اطلاق gymnastics ألعاب الجمباز

leak رشح / تسرب side effects آثار جانبية

get better at يتحسن فى make sure يتأكد

leave out يستبعد make ... out of يصنع من

kingdom مملكة leader قائد

legally قانونيا / شرعيا ambitious طموح

sharpen يبرى القلم sharpness حدة sharp حاد

lengthen يطول length طول long طويل

Did I spell your name right?

lie / lied / lied يكذب lie / lay /lain يرقد / ينام / يقع ( للمكان )

Key Vocabulary

liquid سائل coal الفحم

hole ثقب / خرم / فتحة perform يؤدى / ينجز

liquid سائل thin نحيف / رفيع

now الآن - at the moment فى هذه اللحظة - look انتبه

listen أنصت - at present فى الوقت الحاضر

prisoner سجين popular محبوب / شعبى

literature الأدب the public الجمهور

borrow يستلف / يستعير lend يسلف / يقرض

loan يسلف / يثرض owe يدين

kidnap يخطف (شخصا) fictional country دولة خيالية

lock يغلق / قفل power سلطة / طاقة / قوة

do a repair يرمم on a radio programme فى برنامج اذاعى

look for يبحث عن take off تُقلع (الطائرة)

Language Notes

look forward to + v. + ing / اسم يتطلع الى

Ex: Mr Yacoub lost weight by taking more exercise

look forward to يتطلع الى (يليها اسم أو فعل ينتهى بـ (ing

made from مصنوع من (المادة المصنع منها الشئ تتغير و لا نراها)

made in مصنوع فى (سنة / مكان)

Some plants grow in a muddy soil.

made of مصنوع من (المادة المصنع منها الشئ لا تتغبر و نراها)

She laid the table for four people.

made of مصنوع من (مادة أو مواد لا يتغير شكلها بعد التصنيع)

last for يستمر لمدة cause of سبب كذا

make suggestions يقوم بعمل اقتراحات agree on يتفق على

covered in / with / by مغطى بـ together with بالاضافة الى

make up يكون in a short time فى فترة صغيرة

I would like to play tennis tonight.

manage to + مصدر يتمكن من Succeed in + v. + ing / اسم ينجح فى

Athletics ألعاب القوى / politics السياسة / gymnastics ألعاب الجمباز / news الأخبار

mathematics الرياضيات/ maths الرياضيات / economics علم الاقتصاد/ physics الفيزياء

Bread is made from flour.

melt يصهر / ينصهر (بالحرارة) molten منصهر (فى درجة حرارة عالية مثل الصخور و المعادن)

memorial نصب تذكارى

memory ذاكرة / ذكرى

wealthy غنى / ثرى poor فقير

minor ثانوى major رئيسى

excavation التنقيب عن الآثار innocent برئ

mousetrap مصيدة فئران invasion غزو

write writing leave leaving

move moving

All flights to New York today are delayed because of bad weather.

murder جريمة قتل assassination اغتيال (شخص مشهور أو مهم)

murder يقتل murder جريمة قتل

murderer قاتل

ice cream ايس كريم robber gloves قفاز من المطاط

musical instrument الة موسيقية

إذا كان الفاعل و المفعول واحد مع الفعل let نستخدم ضمير منعكس ثم be ثم p.p. و الضمائر المنعكسة هى:

myself / himself / herself / itself / ourselves / themselves / yourself / yourselves

Word الكلمة Antonym العكس

narrow ضيق wide واسع / عريض

organisation منظمة literature الأدب

national قومى / وطنى culture الثقافة

old-fashioned موضة قديمة fashionable على الموضة

national وطنى international عالمى

crowd جمهور crew (طاقم (طائرة/سفينة couple زوجان committee لجنة

navy البحرية group جماعة gang عصابة family عائلة

Language Notes

need + مفعول + to + مصدر يحتاج لكى

• يستخدم المستقبل البسيط مع كلمات مثل:

next year / in the future / soon / in a year / tomorrow / this time next week

ever:

no one / no body / nothing تأتى فى الأسئلة و بعد صفات التفضيل و الجمل التى تبدأ بـ

renewable متجدد waste نفايات / فضلات

non-renewable غير متجدد wind turbines محرك يعمل بقوة الرياح

writer كاتب architecture فن العمارة

novelist روائى home team الفريق المضيف

nuclear power طاقة نووية pump يضخ / مضخة

nuclear power station محطة طاقة نووية incredible لا يصدق

molten منصهر atom الذرة

nuclear نووى atomic ذرى

adventure story قصة مغامرات wedding حفل زفاف

officially رسميا rescue ينقذ

Key Vocabulary

oil products منتجات البترول form يشكل / يكون / شكل

reduce يقلل setting مكان

old age كبر السن theme موضوع

competition مسابقة / منافسة develop يطور / ينمى

old-fashioned موضة قديمة district حى سكنى / مقاطعة / منطقة

drive on the road يقود على الطريق all over the world فى كل أنحاء العالم

on the internet على الانترنت speed up يسرع / يب\عجل

walk through يسير عبر not in the least كلا ، على الاطلاق

on the night before فى الليلة التى تسبق an expert in خبير فى

consist of يتكون من leave out يترك

on the sides of على جانبى do a survey يجرى استطلاع

هناك كلمات أخرى يمكن أن تكون countable أو uncountable مع اختلاف المعني مثل:

orange / paper / coffee / hair / chicken / glass / time / cold / light / iron

giant عملاق very small صغير جدا

ordinary عادى extraordinary غير عادى

space tourism سياحة الفضاء blood cells خلايا الدم

organisation منظمة weakness ضعف / وهن

another + few / عدد + اسم جمع آخر

other+ اسم جمع يعد / one آخر

be based on يقوم على أساس escape from يهرب من

over a hundred أكثر من مائة pass on information ينقل معلومات

fortunately لحسن الحظ unfortunately لسوء الحظ

paid مدفوع unpaid غير مدفوع

couple زوجان / اثنان من نوع واحد

pair زوج من (شئ واحد يتكون من جزئين )

control system نظام التحكم predict يتنبأ بـ

particularly بصفة خاصة / خصوصا prediction تنبؤ

air conditioning تكييف الهواء wheel عجلة (دراجة / عربة)

password كلمة سر unexpected غير متوقع

interested in مهتم بـ fall off his horse يسقط من على حصانه

pay for يدفع ثمن make regular visits يقوم بزيارات منتظمة

spend money on ينفق المال على reply on the mobile يرد على الموبايل

pay for يدفع ثمن solve a problem يحل مشكلة

leaves أوراق realize يدرك / يحقق

percent فى المائة confusing محير / مربك

take in يمتص suffer from يعانى من

pick up يلتقط search for يبحث عن

object شئ trunk الجذع

pipe أنبوبة label

Language Notes

plan + to + مصدر يخطط لـ

solar panels ألواح شمسية traditional تقليدى / قديم

plant نبات / مصنع create يخلق / يسبب

different from مختلف عن in danger فى خطر

point downwards يشير لأسفل work with يعمل مع

fall of the leaves يسقط من عى الأوراق take part in يشارك فى

point to يشاور على at the end of فى نهاية

murder جريمة قتل secret agent عميل سرى

poison سم spy جاسوس

have the right to لديه الحق فى work as يعمل كـ

popular with محبوب من / شائع لدى protect from يحمى من

sweet حلو bitter مر

popular شعبى / محبوب unpopular غير شعبى / غير محبوب

valuable قيم / ذو قيمة cruel قاسى

possessions ممتلكات steal يسرق

wrong خطأ right صح

possible ممكن impossible مستحيل

pipe أنبوبة / ينقل بالأنابيب fossil fuels وقود الحفريات

power station محطة طاقة generate يولد

impress يؤثر فى impression انطباع impressed متأثر

predict يتنبأ بـ prediction تنبؤ predictable يمكن التنبؤ به

container وعاء / اناء vegetables الخضراوات

press يضغط على / يكبس beans الفول

Ex: special occasion مناسبة / train / clothes / care رعاية / friend

private car / school / letter / life / hospital / visit

reduce يقلل conclusion استنتاج / خاتمة

produce ينتج drill يحفر

island جزيرة minor صفير / ثانوى

produce ينتج plot يخطط

traditional تقليدى politician رجل سياسة

produce ينتج political سياسة

Verb فعل Noun اسم Adjective صفة

produce ينتج production انتاج productive انتاجى

prove يبرهن / يثبت scandal فضيحة

proof برهان / اثبات trial محاكمة

leaves أوراق freeze يتجمد

protect يحمى flood يفيض / فيضان

Prepositions, Idioms & Expressions

provide ...... with يزود / يمد بـ connected with مرتبط بـ

available for ملائم لـ / مناسب لـ It gave me a headache سبب لى صداعا

provide a model for يقدم نموذج أو قدوة لـ It's a pleasure يسعدنى ذلك

fictional story قصة خيالية the right to الحق فى

publication مطبوعة / نشر occasion مناسبة

publish ينشر publication مطبوعة / نشر

publisher ناشر published منشور

Prepositions, Idioms & Expressions

put down roots يستوطن / يستقر get on the train يركب القطار

evidence دليل witness شاهد / يشهد / شهادة

qualities صفات court محكمة

king ملك finally فى النهاية

queen ملكة replace يحل محل

Smoking has a bad effect on health.

queue line طابور (يقف فيه الناس واحدا تلو الآخر)

always دائماً - usually عادةً - often غالباً - sometimes أحياناً - not often

rarely / seldom نادراً - never أبداً - ever - frequently - occasionally

I won't reach the office till noon today.

reason (n) for سبب / مبرِّر( يليها اسم أو فعل ينتهى بـ ing

make predictions يقوم بعمل تنبؤات keep fit يحافظ على اللياقة البدنية

refer to يشير الى land on the moon يهبط على القمر

biography سيرة شخص blind أعمى

reference مرجع deaf أصم

repair يقوم باصلاح شئ حدث به تلف أو ضرر

reform يقوم بعمل تعديل أو تحسين على نظام معين

Vocabulary

regularly بانتظام lift يرفع

fruit ثمرة / ثمار palm tree نخلة

regulations نظم dig يحفر

an outlet مخرج / منفذ message رسالة

release يطلق control يتحكم فى

suspense تشويق occasionally أحيانا

remain يبقى / يظل beliefs معتقدات

Verb فعل Noun اسم Adjective صفة

renew يجدد renewal تجديد renewable متجدد

Word الكلمة Antonym العكس

renewable متجدد non-renewable غير متجدد

nuclear نووى non-nuclear غير نووى

renewable متجدد non-renewable غير متجدد

benefit يُفيد / يستفيد / فائدة lake بحيرة

repair (n.& v.) يُصلِح / يرمِّم إصلاح / ترميم lift يرفع

explode ينفجر obey يطيع

report تقرير period فترة

objects أشياء muscle atrophy ضمور العضلات

representative مندوب / ممثل deterioration انهيار / تدهور

sources مصادر pollution التلوث

resources موارد pollute يلوث

However, Ray Meddis, a scientist at university, has a fascinating new theory. He suggests that we don't really need to sleep at all. We sleep only because our brain is programmed to make us do so. According to Dr Meddis, the tiredness we feel at the end of the day is produced by a chemical mechanism in the brain which makes us sleep. We are programmed to feel sleepy at midnight, even if we have spent the whole day relaxing or doing nothing. He believes that the unpleasant symptoms we suffer when we don't sleep enough are not because we have not

rested but because we have disobeyed our brain's programming. But he believes that if scientists could turn off the sleep mechanism in our brain, we could live completely normal lives without sleeping.

harden to become firm or stiff.

ring an object in the shape of a circle

harden يجعله صلبا rubber مطاط

ring حلقة sap عصارة

buoy عوامة (لرسو السفن) destination جهة الوصول

riverbed قاع النهر location مكان / موقع

route طريق (من مكان الى اخر) / وسيلة (لتحقيق هدف)

road طريق (سطح صلب طويل ممهد تسير عليع سائل النقل)

thermostat ترموستات recycle reuse يعيد استخدام

roar يزأر / زئير reycling اعادة الاستخدام

solid صلب sugar cane قصب السكر

rocks صخور vehicles مركبات

ancient قديم local محلى

romantic رومانسى poet شاعر

palm oil زيت النخيل stick عصا

rot يتعفن recharge يعيد شحن

Confusable Words

routine روتين (عمل نفس الأشياء فى نفس المواعيد كل يوم)

products things that are made or grown to be sold

rubber A substance used for making tyres, boots, etc.

run out ينفذ (لا يتبعه مفعول به) run out of يستهلك (يتبعه مفعول به)

run on يعمل بــ / يدور بــ run after يطارد

go wrong يحدث به عطل warn ... of يحذر . من

run out of يستهلك do exercise يمارس تمارين رياضية

safe امن air conditioning تكيف الهواء

save يوفر expectations توقعات / أمال

thriller رواية مثيرة equipment معدات / أجهزة

science fiction قصة خيال علمى feed / fed / fed يطعم

trunk جذع partner شريك

season فصل results نتائج

mission مهمة / بعثة / مأمورية spin (v) يدور بسرعة (حول نفسه)

secret سر / سرى spoke (n) سلك العجلة

Word الكلمة Antonym العكس

secret سرى known معروف

roots جذور sandstorm عاصفة رملية

seeds بذور irrigate يروى

noise pollution تلوث ضوضائى public phone تليفون عمومى

seeds بذور kick يركل / يرفس

natural world العالم الطبيعى violin كمان

sequoia شجر طويل ينمو فى كاليفورنيا musical sounds أصوات موسيقية

brave patriotic محب لوطنه

shame الخزى / العار charity جمعية خيرية

fence سور remove يزيل

shed سقيفة shelter مأوى / ملجأ

By car / by taxi / by plane / by train / boat /

ship / bus نستخدم by قبل وسائل المواصلات اذا لم يسبقها شئ

strengthen يقوى strength قوة strong قوى

shorten يقصر shortness قصر short قصير

war حرب peace سلام

shy خجول bold جرئ

leader قائد espionage الجاسوسية

shy خجول suspect شخص مشتبه فيه / يشتبه فى

Computers enable us to work faster.

shy خجول بطبيعته ashamed يشعر بالخجل و الذنب من خطأ قام به

criminal مجرم criminal اجرامى

shyness الخجل shy خجول

launch يطلق / اطلاق renewable متجدد

side effects آثار جانبية source منبع النهر

publish ينشر reduce يقلل

sign علامة / لافتة global warming الاحتباس الحرارى

be attached to متصل بـ / ملحق بـ connect to the internet يتصل بالانترنت

similar in shape to مشابه فى الشكل لـ turn on يُشغل

alike متشابه like مثل / يحب

similar مشابه / متشابه the same نفس الشئ

fast forward سريعا للأمام car makers صانعى السيارات

smart car سيارة ذكية fine يغرم / غرامة

self-confident واثق بنفسه chase يطارد

smart أنيق / ذكى suspect مشتبه فى أمره

block of flats عمارة سكنية author مؤلف

society مجتمع travel agent وكيل سياحى

cells خلايا chemicals مواد كيميائية

soft ناعم / أملس plastic بلاستيك

nausea غثيان climate change تغير المناخ

vomiting قئ / استفراغ global warming الاحتباس الحرارى

surface سطح characters شخصيات

soil تربة film-maker صانع أفلام

look after يعتنى بـ There's a problem with هناك مشكلة فى

walk around يتجول ماشيا حول at a height of على ارتفاع

يضاف للفعل حرف s مع الفاعل المفرد الغائب (he / she /it)

want - wants hate - hates

adventure novels روايات المغامرات coin عملة معدنية

sort type kind نوع quantity كمية

deliver يوصل tour guide مرشد سياحى

sound يبدو journalist صحفى

location موقع weightlessness انعدام الوزن

space shuttle مكوك فضاء orbit يدور حول (شئ)

equipment معدات / أجهزة timetable جدول أعمال

space station محطة فضاء arrange يرتب

serious جاد / خطير physical exercises تمارين بدنية

spacecraft سفينة فضاء movement حركة

Confusable Words

special خاص (يتميز عن غيره) private خاص (يمتلكه شخص أو مجموعة)

split / split / split ينقسم/ ينفصل / ينشطر / يشطر spill / spilt / spilt يسكب / ينسكب

spell / spelt /spelt يتهجى

spend + مدة زمنية + v. + ing يقضى . فى

spend money on + ing اسم أو فعل ينتهى بـ ينفق المال على

giant عملاق immune system جهاز المناعة

spinning لف / دوران improve يحسن / يتحسن

extremely للغاية / جدا palm trees أشجار النخيل

split ينشطر corn الحبوب

murder جريمة قتل detective مخبر سرى

spy جاسوس innocent برئ

He doesn't allow smoking in his office.

steal (يأتى بعده الشئ المسروق) rob يسرق من مكان أو شخص

firm صلب / حازم / شركة farms مزارع

stiff جامد / صلب heating التدفئة

Ex: I am not planning to stay here much longer.

stop + مفعول + from + v. + ing يمنع من

production انتاج cooperation التعاون

store يخزن cooperate يتعاون

deliberately عمدا capture يأسر / يستولى على

substance مادة design يصمم / تصميم

own يمتلك altogether معا / تماما

summary ملخص choice اختيار

come from يأتى من afford to + مصدر لديه ما يكفى من المال لـ

supply ... with يزود بـ import ... from يستورد . من

regard consider يعتبر handle يتعامل مع

support يؤيد / يدعم skills مهارات

suspect مشتبه فيه criminal مجرم

support يدعم / يسند absorb يمتص

My car is being repaired. The mechanic is repairing my car.

was / were + pp التصريف الثانى للفعل Past simple

go - goes miss - misses wish - wishes

watch - watches mix - mixes

Vocabulary

waves أمواج motorway طريق سريع

way of + v. + ing

way to + مصدر وسيلة لـ (يليها (of + v. + ing

real حقيقى fictional خيالى

wealthy ثرى poor فقير

seabed قاع البحر cyclists راكبى الدراجات

weather الطقس walkers المشاه

weigh يزن weight وزن weighty ثقيل

weightless منعدم الوزن

rainforests غابات مطيرة enemies أعداء

wet مبتل empty فارغ

يستخدم الماضى المستمر مع الكلمات الآتية:

while بينما - as بينما- just as فى اللحظة التى- when عندما

harden يجعل صلبا hardness صلابة hard صلب

widen يوسع width اتساع / عرض wide واسع / عريض

extract to remove something

width the distance from one side of something to the other

I knew why I had been picked for the team. I knew why they had picked me for the team.

will / shall + be + pp will / shall + مصدر Future simple

Really? I didn't know that.

أحقا كذلك؟ لا أعرف ذلك How interesting!

Simple modals

أفعال ناقصة بسيطة

Gymnastics

ألعاب الجمباز A sport in which physical exercises and movements are performed

I'd go along with that.

أوافق على ذلك That's just not true.

- I won't leave the office until I finish (have finished) my work.

استخدامات shall:

طلب الرأى Giving opinion

اعطاء الرأى

Passive Verbs: Past & Present

الأفعال فى صيغة المبنى للمجهول: الماضى و المضارع

التعبير عن الدهشة Expressing interest

التعبير عن الاهتمام

The Zero Conditional

الحالة الصفرية

إذا كان الفعل يتكون من مقطع واحد و ينتهى بحرف ساكن مسبوق بحرف متحرك يضاعف

الحرف الأخير عند إضافة الــ ing .

Escapism

الهروب من الواقع entertainment or activity that helps you to forget about your work or worries and think of something more enjoyable

Classics دراسة الادب

اليونانى و الرومانى القديم the study of the language and history of the ancient Greeks and Romans.

Smoking is said to be bad for health.

خطوات تحويل الجملة من مبنى للمجهول إلى مبنى للمعلوم:

#NAME?

خطوات تحويل الجملة من مبنى للمعلوم إلى مبنى للمجهول:

الأفعال فى صيغة المبنى للمجهول: الماضى و المضارع

خطوات تحويل الجملة من مبنى للمعلوم إلى مبنى للمجهول:

Present simple Tense: Active

زمن المضارع البسيط : المبنى للمعلوم

Present Continuous Tense: Passive

زمن المضارع المستمر: المبنى للمجهول

Present Continuous Tense: Active

زمن المضارع المستمر: المبنى للمعلوم

Asking for instructions

طلب تعليمات Giving instructions

Asking for information

طلب معلومات Giving information

He was shocked to see the homeless poor people.

ظرف مكان + where + اسم / ضمير عاقل + who + اسم / ضمير + فعل

الموافقة على رأى ما Disagreeing with an opinion

عدم الموافقة على رأى ما

Well-educated

على قدر جيد من التعليم having had a good education

the same: not different نفس الشئ (لا يوجد أى اختلاف)

عند المقارنة نستخدم as بعد the same

similar: alike متشابه (لكن ليست مطابقة تماما)

عند المقارنة نستخدم كلمة to بعد كلمة similar

مضارع تام:has / have + been ماضى تام:had + been

فعل ناقص + مصدر : فعل ناقص + be

The + صيغة مقارنة , the + صيغة مقارنة

كلما كلما تستخدم هذه الصيغة عندما نريد أن نقول أن هناك شيئا يعتمد على شيء آخر

a ten-minute break راحة / فسحة لمدة عشر دقائق

لاحظ عدم جمع الكلمات الدالة على الزمن أو الوقت اذا جاء قبلها عدد و بعدها اسم

Have the right to

لديه الحق فى legally or morally allowed to do something

had + been + pp had + pp Past perfect

ماضى تام

was / were + being + pp was / were + v. + ing Past continuous

ماضى مستمر

Wind turbine

محرك يعمل بقوة الرياح A building with parts that turn with the wind, which is used to make power

Competition منافسة

مسابقة a situation in which people or organisations compete with each other

am / is / are + being + pp am / is / are + v. + ing Present continuous

مضارع مستمر

مضارع بسيط: am / is / are ماضى بسيط:was / were

مضارع مستمر:am / is / are + being ماضى مستمر:was / were + being

عند تحويل جملة فى زمن المضارع المستمر من مبنى للمعلوم active إلى صيغة المبنى للمجهول passive نستخدم:

مفعول + am / is / are + being + p.p. + by + فاعل

Smoking is said to be bad for health.

ملاحظات:

Yes, you're quite right.

نعم. أنت على حق تماما I'm not so sure. لست متأكدا جدا

classics دراسة الادب اليونانى

و الرومانى القديم classical له علاقة بأدب

experience خبرة (اسم لا يعد و لا يسبقها أداة نكرة)

و يقصد بها المعرفة و المهارات التى يكتسبها الانسان فى العمل)

- I didn't use to play computer games, but now I do.

وفي حالة السؤال نستخدم: مصدر to + + فاعل did + :

- He used to smoke, but now he doesn't.

وفي حالة النفى نستخدم: مصدر didn't use + :

Turpentine زيت

يستخلص من شجر الصنوبر a strong-smelling liquid used for removing paint

#NAME?

• لاحظ استخدام will مع كل الضمائر واستخدام shall مع I / we فقط:

#NAME?

• لاحظ استخدام المستقبل البسيط غالبا مع:

#NAME?

• ويستخدم المستقبل البسيط مع If في الحالة الأولي :