Math Chapter 1 Quiz
Inequality
A mathematical sentence that compares the value of two expressions. <, Less that >, More than =, Equal to Less than or equal to, More than or equal to, Not equal to
Counterexample
Any example that proves a statement false.
Add the Opposite
Any subtraction problem can be written as an addition. Add the opposite of the number being subtracted. Eg. 6-2=4 6+(-2)=4
Zero Power
Anything to the Zero power is 1. Eg. x^0=1 1,000,000^0=1
Algebraic Expression
Cannot solve an expression. We can evaluate and simplify them though. Eg. x+2, 3x-6 4+2x+7, 2x+11
Multiplicative Identity
Eg. 1/2x1=1/2, zx1=z
Distributive Property
Eg. 3(x+2) 3x+(3x2) 3x+6 Be careful: Eg.-(4z+z) -4z+-1z -5z
Absolute value(ABS)
Eg. l31l= 31, l-23l=23 The distance of a number from zero. Distance is never negative; therefore, ABS is never negative.
Opposites
Eq. 2 is is the opposite of -2
Algebraic Equation
Has an equal sign. (=) We can solve it. Eq. x+5=3, x=(-2)
Like Terms
Have exactly the same variable factors and exponents.
Term
Is a number, variable, or the product of a umber and one or more variables.
Coefficient
Is a numerical factor of a term. Eg. 6+1x (Coefficient is the 1 before the x)
Constant
Is a term with no variables.
Variable
Letter that represents one or more numbers Eg. x+3=5 (x represents 2) x^2=9 (x represents 3 or -3)
Word Phrases for Subtraction
Minus, less than (x less than 5, 5-x), the difference, taken away
Rational Numbers
Natural Numbers(1,2,3,...) Whole Numbers(0,1,2,3...) Integers(...-2,-1,0,1,2,3...) Rational Numbers(Any number that can be written as a fraction. Eg. 2/3, 4/1, 1/3. As long as it is a non-terminating/repeating decimal.)
Irrational Numbers
Nonterminating Eg. Pie
Multiplication Inverse
Of a number is the reciprocal
Additive Inverse
Opposite the number Eg. x+(-x)=0 2+(-2)=0 (Always equals the additive identity.)
Order of Operations
P.E.M.D.A.S. Parentheses, Exponents, Multiplication, Division, Addition, Subtractio
Word Phrases for Addition
Plus, increased by, sum, added to, more than
Word Phrases for Division
Quotient of, divided by
Different Sign Multiplication
Results in a negative. Eg. 2x(-2)=(-4)
Same Sign Multiplication
Results in a positive. Eg. 2x2=4 -2x(-2)=4
Word Phrases for Multiplication
Times, multiplied by, product of, doubled (x2), twice as
Additive Identity
Zero is called the additive identity. Eg. x+0=x 2+0=2
