MCAT Chemical Names and Structure List

How do we name anhydrides?

Replace acid with anhydride in the name of the corresponding carboxylic acid if the anhydride is formed from only one type of carboxylic acid. If anhydride is not symmetrical, both carboxylic acids are named before anhydride is added to the name.

What are the common aldehydes?

W

C2H3O2-

acetate

How do we name amides?

alkyl group attached to amide + parent group with "amide"

how do we name esters?

alkyl group attached to ester + parent group with "oate" methyl butanoate

NH4+

ammonium

CO32-

carbonate

ClO3-

chlorate

ClO2-

chlorite

CrO42-

chromate

CN-

cyanide

Cr2O72-

dichromate

H2PO4-

dihydrogen phosphate

HCO3-

hydrogen carbonate

HPO42-

hydrogen phosphate

HSO4-

hydrogen sulfate

OH-

hydroxide

ClO-

hypochlorite

NO3-

nitrate

NO2-

nitrite

ClO4-

perchlorate

MnO4-

permanganate

O22-

peroxide

PO43-

phosphate

SO42-

sulfate

SO32-

sulfite