Mechanism & Prevention Final

In order for an athlete to return to play, they need to be in excellent physical shape, (able to participate in a large number of different sports).

False

It would be appropriate for a parent to recognize their high school child's group PPE for football as the equivalent of an annual check-up with a family physician.

False

One of the benefits of the NFL five step process for return to play following a concussion is a clearly defined timeline for progression.

False

An athlete is not sweating any longer, reddish skin, and has hot, dry skin. What condition might the athlete be experiencing?

Heat stroke

Clinicians commonly use one of three scales to efficiently communicate the impact or strength of individual pieces of evidence and overall clinical recommendation. Those scales include all except

PICO

Which wrist motion is depicted by the arrow?

Radial deviation

This exam is used if there is significant MOI that would indicate potential for a head neck or spinal injury

Rapid Physical Exam

________________ is the first step of patient assessment.

Scene size-up

A wrist (forearm) fracture in which the radius and ulna are forced in a volar direction is called a________

Smith fracture

Flexion of the neck, produces a straightened cervical spine that acts like a segmental column, predisposing the spine to permanent neurologic injury with further axial loading

Spear Tackler's spine

A bilateral fracture of pars interarticularis accompanied by anterior slippage of involved vertebra

Spondylolisthesis

If a fracture is suspected, the clinician should immobilize the joints above and below the fracture site.

True

If prevention of hyperflexion of the great toe is desired, support tape strips are applied on the dorsum of the foot.

True

Low back pain in runners is associated with tightness in hip flexors and hamstrings.

True

Restricted circulation and reduced function of the body part can result from tape that is applied too tightly.

True

Skin temperature should by assessed by touching the forehead with the back of your hand.

True

Standards of professional practice are ethical responsibilities that guide one's actions and promote a high standard of conduct and integrity to ensure high-quality health care.

True

Individuals who have a positive diagnosis according to the diagnostic test but really do not have the injury according to the reference standard are

false positives

A slow, bounding pulse could be indicative of

high blood pressure

Subjective information is gained through the _____ of the HOPS process.

history

Primary deficits associated with prolonged immobilization include:

muscle weaknes

During the primary survey if the patient is not breathing, the pulse should first be checked at the _____________.

neck (Carotid)

In the U.S., it is estimated that 300,000 sports related concussions occur annually, this figure is probably________ due to reporting methods

not very accurate

When taping for wrist hyperflexion injury, support strips are placed

on the dorsum of the hand

In most taping techniques, each subsequent strip of tape should overlap the previous strip by

one-half to one-third the width of the tape.

Movement of an injured body part through the range of motion with NO assistance from the injured individual is termed

passive movement

Which of the following is NOT a rotator cuff muscle?

pectoralis major

Exercising moderately during repeated heat exposures can result in physiological adaptation to a hot environment, which can improve performance and heat tolerance.

true

Sciatica issues with soft signs may involve removing an athlete from sport participation for___________ weeks.

6-12 weeks

Plantar fasciitis signs and symptoms include:

All of these: -pain with first steps in the morning -increased pain w/ weight bearing activity -point tenderness at medial calcaneal

What type of injury is likely to result from a low-velocity, high-mass force?

Diffuse

A written guarantee that a product is safe for use is called a(n)

Expressed warranty

Benefits to TBI (traumatic brain injury) assessment include many subjective measures.

False

Clinical practice guidelines, CATs, Cochrane reviews, and meta-analysis are all examples of

Filtered information

Sagittal plane movements of the humerus at the shoulder include

Flexion and extension

This exam is used if there is NO significant MOI that would indicate potential for a head neck or spinal injury.

Focused physical Exam

Knee braces designed to provide proprioceptive feedback and protect unstable anterior cruciate ligament injuries are

Functional

Which of the following is an open chain kinetic exercise?

Leg extension

______________________ refers to the method by which damage (trauma) to skin, muscles, organs, and bones happens.

Mechanism of injury (MOI)

Which of the following joints forms the "knuckles" of the hand?

Metacarpophalangeal (MCP)

The functional unit of the spine is called the

Motion segment

The focus of correcting any biomechanical inefficiencies in motion is addressed during which phase of the therapeutic exercise program?

Phase 4

The acronym used to obtain a patient history is:

SAMPLE

A great danger with a ruptured spleen is its ability to splint itself and then produce delayed hemorrhage.

True

A preferred therapeutic massage for areas around joints and other areas where the tissue is thin would be friction.

True

All children should receive a complete series of hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccinations during the first 18 months of life.

True

The medical term for shin splints is Medial Tibial Stress Syndrome

True

The type of cleats used have an impact on ACL injury rates.

True

Visceral pain results from an injury to an organ in the thoracic cavity.

True

When asking about the characteristics of symptoms, it is important to determine location, onset, severity, frequency, and duration.

True

Which of the following structures is injured with gamekeeper's thumb?

Ulnar collateral ligament

The assurance that measurements represent what we think they represent is

Validity

Which of the following activities can be used to measure power?

Vertical Jump

Who has a greater chance for lateral patellar dislocation due to the Q-angle?

Women, Q-angle is greater

Signs and symptoms of viral meningitis include all of the following except

abdominal rigidity

After receiving a blow to the anterior lower leg, an athlete has a diminished dorsalis pedis pulse and paresthesia between the great and second toe. What condition might the athlete be experiencing?

acute compartment syndrome

When assessing level of responsiveness, the acronym AVPU stands for

alert, voice, pain, unresponsive

What is the term used to described unequal pupils?

anisocoria

The EAP should be practiced

annually

Which of the following best describes the sequence of sensations experienced during the application of cold therapy?

cold, burning, aching, analgesia

Physiological information such as blood pressure would be ______-oriented evidence.

disease

The primary survey determines

level of responsiveness and assesses airway, breathing, and circulation.

In assessing an eye injury, floaters and flashers suggest a(n)

retinal injury

Following head trauma, inability to recall events that took place earlier in the day is an example of

retrograde amnesia

HIV is transmitted through all of the following except

saliva

A loss of cerebrospinal fluid around the spinal cord because of deformation of the spinal cord or a narrowing of the neural canal is called

spinal stenosis

the ________ joint is considered the true ankle joint?

talocrural

The screwing-home mechanism occurs when the

tibia rotates laterally on the femur during the last degrees of knee extension

When air temperature is greater than skin temperature, body relies primarily on sweating for heat loss, through evaporation.

true

With a POSTERIOR glenohumeral dislocation the head of the humerus is forced out of articular capsule in a forward direction past glenoid labrum.

true

When applying a wrap for a quadriceps strain, the wrap is directed in a(n)

upward and lateral manner.

if lightning is observed, outdoor play cannot resume until ________ after the last lighting or thunder?

30 minutes

The ideal completion time for the PPE is

6 weeks prior to the start of practice sessions

Which of the following professional organizations is responsible for awarding the ATC credential?

Board of Certification

An athlete approaches you with his head turned to the right side and supporting his right arm with his left arm. What type of injury should be suspected?

Clavicular fracture

The air bladder in a football helmet should be inspected

Daily

Which of the following structures would present the symptom of tinnitus?

Ears

Following a hit in the face, an individual's cheek appears flat and depressed with swelling about the eye. A mandibular fracture should be suspected

False

If an athlete provides their own protective equipment, the athletic trainer is not responsible for ensuring that it fits correctly and is maintained properly.

False

The OPQRST acronym is used when determining level of consciousness of an injured player.

False

The completion of a dental examination as part of the PPE is considered optional.

False

The purpose of an assumption of risk form is to warn athletes and their parents of the dangers inherent in participating in a sport. By having this form completed, the coach is no longer liable for any injuries that may occur.

False

Which of the following is NOT a function of a neoprene sleeve?

Provides protection from external forces

Fractures of the lumbar vertebrae below L2 do not pose a serious threat to paralysis.

True

Ice is the preferred treatment modality for acute injuries.

True

If MOI suggests potential head, neck, or spinal injury: 911 should be activated, FIRST, after that the injured player should have their C-spine immobilized properly.

True

Knee dislocations may occur in any direction

True

The common mechanism of injury for Achilles tendon rupture is push-off of the forefoot with the knee extended.

True

The inability of the pupils to accommodate to light is a possible indication of head trauma

True

In designing an individualized therapeutic exercise program, the first step is to

assess the present level of function and dysfunction

The emergency action plan should

be comprehensive and flexible.

After impact, the brain continues to accelerate and rotate, causing tearing of the veins away from the actual injury site, which can lead to a _____ injury.

contrecoup

what is the first phase of a therapeutic exercise program?

controlling inflammation

In severe brain injuries, posturing characterized by extension of all four extremities is

decerebrate rigidity

In the absence of an athletic trainer, which of the following is NOT a responsibility of the coach?

design a rehabilitation program

Collectively, the primary movers for back extension are called the______________.

erector spinae

The rate of ACL injuries is higher in men, particularly for those in jumping and pivoting sports. The reason for this, is that men typically run faster and have more mass.

false

Dizziness, headache, rapid and shallow respirations, and a rapid, weak pulse are signs of

heat exhaustion

Critical information that should be obtained during the on-site history includes

mechanism of injury

The flexors of the wrist and hand are innervated by the _____ nerve.

median

Control of inflammation with minimal edema, swelling, muscle spasm, and pain, is one of the things we need to accomplish before progression to which phase:

phase 2

Air trapped in pleural space, causing portion of lung to collapse; lung can't fully expand

pneumothorax

Which of the following is not an airborne disease?

polio

A baseball bat grip is a typical example of which grip?

power grip

Transmission of the tetanus bacillus is through

puncture type wound

The months with the highest pediatric concussion diagnoses are

sept. and Oct.

Which of the following best illustrates a diagnostic sign?

swelling

The advantages of having an individual's primary care physician administer a PPE include all of the following except

the cost of the exam.