Med term chapter 14 final set
ectopic pregnancy(-ies)
A condition in which a fertilized egg is implanted and begins to develop outside of the uterus; also known as an extrauterine pregnancy.
endometriosis
A condition in which patches of endometrial tissue escape the uterus and become attached to other structures in the pelvic cavity.
chorionic villus sampling
A diagnostic test to search for genetic abnormalities in the developing fetus; It is the examination of cells retrieved from the vascular projections on the chorion of the placenta to identify genetic abnormalities in the developing fetus.
abruptio placentae
A disorder in which the placenta separates from the uterine wall before the birth of the fetus; breaking off of the placenta
hydrocele(s)
A fluid-filled sac in the scrotum that is located along the spermatic cord leading from the testicles.
gonorrhea(-ae)
A highly contagious sexually transmitted disease caused by the bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoeae.
eclampsia
A more serious form of preeclampsia that is characterized by convulsions and sometimes coma.
leukorrhea(-ae)
A profuse whitish mucus discharge from the uterus and vagina.
hysterosalpingography(-ies) (HSG)
A radiographic examination of the uterus and fallopian tubes following the instillation of radiopaque material; process of recording (radiographic examination of) uterus and fallopian tubes (using a radiopaque contrast medium).
fibroadenoma(-ata)
A round, firm, rubbery mass that arises from excess growth of glandular and connective tissue in the breast.
Apgar score(s)
A scale of 1-10 to evaluate a newborn infant's physical status at 1 and 5 minutes after birth. Measures skin color, response to stimulation, respiratory effort, muscle tone, heart rate
chlamydia(-ae)
A sexually transmitted disease caused by the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis; most commonly reported STD in the US caused by the bacterium C. trachomatis, which is highly contagious requiring treatment with antibiotics and may result in infertility in women and urethritis in men
episiotomy(-ies)
A surgical incision of the perineum to facilitate delivery and prevent laceration of the tissues.
amniocentesis
A surgical puncture with a needle to obtain a specimen of amniotic fluid; a surgical puncture into the amniotic sac to obtain a specimen of amniotic fluid to test for congenital disorders in the developing fetus.
hypomenorrhea
An unusually small amount of menstrual flow during a shortened regular menstrual period.
colposcopy(-ies)
Direct visual examination of the tissues of the cervix and vagina.
gynecologist(s)
Doctor who specializes in the health of the female reproductive organs; A physician who specializes in treating diseases of the female reproductive organs and providing well-woman health care that focuses primarily on the reproductive organs.
cervicitis
Inflammation of the cervix.
epididymitis
Inflammation of the epididymis (the coiled tube at the upper part of the testicle)
endocervicitis
Inflammation of the mucous membrane lining of the cervix.
dysmenorrhea
Pain caused by uterine cramps during a menstrual period.
mastalgia
Pain in the breast; also known as mastodynia.
androgen therapy medication(s)
Replacement of male hormones for insufficient natural hormones; therapy for prostate cancer that severely reduces the body's production of androgens and especially testosterone through the administration of drugs or through surgical removal of the testicles; androgen is- A male sex hormone that promotes the development and maintenance of the male sex characteristics
colporrhaphy(-ies)
Surgical suturing of a tear in the vagina (muscular tube that extends from the cervix to the outside of the body).
estimated date of confinement (EDC)
That point in time when labor might be reasonable expected; The due date or estimated calendar date when a baby will be born.
amenorrhea
The abnormal absence of menstrual periods for 90 days or more; without the flow of monthly.
azoospermia
The absence of sperm in the semen.
andropause
The decrease of the male hormone testosterone.
hysteroscopy(-ies) (HYS)
The direct visual examination of the interior of the uterus and fallopian tubes.
hematospermia
The presence of blood in the seminal fluid; abnormal condition of blood in sperm.
cervical dysplasia
The presence of precancerous changes in the cells that make up the inner lining of the cervix; condition of abnormal growth or formation pertaining to (the uterine) cervix.
fibrocystic breast disease
The presence of single or multiple benign cysts located in the breasts.
galactorrhea
The production of breast milk in women who are not breastfeeding.
colostrum
The specialized form of milk that delivers essential nutrients and antibodies in a form that the newborn can digest.
colpopexy(-ies)
The surgical fixation of a prolapsed vagina to a surrounding structure; surgical fixation (due to prolapse) of vagina (the muscular tube that extends from the cervix to the outside of the body).
hysterectomy(-ies)
The surgical removal of the uterus.
diaphragm(s)
a barrier contraceptive that prevents the sperm from reaching and fertilizing the egg; The muscle that separates the chest (thoracic) cavity from the abdomen. The diaphragm is the main muscle of respiration. Contraction of the diaphragm muscle expands the lungs during inspiration when one is breathing air in; the musculomembranous partition separating the thoracic and abdominal cavities.
breech presentation
a birth complication in which the buttocks or feet of the fetus are positioned to enter the birth canal first instead of the head; birth position in which the buttocks, feet, or knees emerge first
endometrial cancer
a cancerous growth that begins in the lining of the uterus; malignant tumor of the endometrium
breast cancer
a carcinoma that develops from the cells of the breast and can spread to adjacent lymph nodes and other body sites; malignant tumor of the breast
dysfunctional uterine bleeding (DUB)
a condition characterized by abnormal bleeding often due to an imbalance in hormone level changes
bacterial vaginosis (BV)
a condition in women in which there is an abnormal overgrowth of certain bacteria in the vagina
endovaginal ultrasound
a diagnostic test utilizing ultrasound to image the uterus and fallopian tubes to determine the cause of abnormal vaginal bleeding; performed to determine the cause of abnormal vaginal bleeding
intrauterine device(s) (IUD)
a molded plastic contraceptive inserted through the cervix into the uterus to prevent pregnancy
HELLP syndrome
a pregnancy complication characterized by hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelet count; hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, low platelets
in vitro fertilization (IVF)
a procedure in which mature ova are removed from the mother to be fertilized; egg and sperm cells are combined outside the body in a laboratory dish (in vitro) to facilitate fertilization
genital herpes
a sexually transmitted disease caused by the herpes simplex virus type 1 or 2; a sexually transmitted infection caused by the herpes simplex virus
artificial insemination (AI)/intrauterine insemination (IUI)
a technique in which sperm from a woman's partner or donor are introduced into the vagina or uterus during the ovulatory phase of her menstrual cycle; a fertility treatment method used to deliver sperm directly to the cervix or uterus in the hopes of getting pregnant
human papilloma virus (HPV)
a virus that causes genital warts and cervical cancer; virus transmitted by direct sexual contact that causes an infection that can occur on the skin or mucous membranes of the genitals
mast/o, mamm/o
breast
abrupt/o
broken away from
cervic/o
cervix (neck of uterus)
-partum, parturit/o
childbirth, labor
varic/o
dilated or swollen vein, varicose veins
ov/o
egg, ovum
salping/o
fallopian (uterine) tube, auditory (eustachian) tube
pen/i, phall/i, priap/o
fertility, penis
primi-
first
eclamps/o, eclampt/o
flashing of shining forth
-rrhea
flow, discharge
Braxton Hicks contraction(s)
intermittent painless uterine contractions that are not true labor pains; intermittent painless uterine contractions that occur with increasing frequency as the pregnancy progresses
men/o
menstruation, menses
galact/o
milk
nulli-
none
oophor/o, ovari/o
ovary
dyspareunia
painful intercourse
first trimester screening
performed between 11 and 13 weeks of pregnancy and involves an ultrasound and a finger stick blood test
placent/o
placenta, round flat cake
-gravida
pregnant
hydr/o, hydr/a
relating to water
endometrial biopsy
removal of a sample of uterine endometrium for microscopic study; a diagnostic test in which a small amount of the tissue lining the uterus is removed for microscopic examination.
lactation
secretion of milk; the production and secretion of milk by the mammary glands; The process of milk production. Human milk is secreted by the mammary glands, which are located within the fatty tissue of the breast. The hormone oxytocin is produced in response to the birth of a new baby, and it both stimulates uterine contractions and begins the lactation process.
coitus
sexual intercourse; sexual union by vagina between male and female; usually applied to the mating process in human beings.
herpes simplex virus, type 2 (HSV-2)
sexually transmitted, ulcer-like lesions of the genital and anorectal skin and mucosa; after initial infection, the virus lies dormant in the nerve cell root and may recur at times of stress; A herpes virus that causes genital herpes, which is characterized by sores in the genital area.; A type of virus that causes herpes infections and has DNA as its genetic material. Infections with type 2 viruses cause sores on the genitals (external and internal sex organs and glands).
-pause
stopping
-pexy
surgical fixation
dilatation and currettage (D&C)
surgical procedure in which the cervix is dilated and the endometrium of the uterus is scraped away
circumcision
surgical removal of the foreskin of the penis
episiorrhaphy
suture of the vulva; surgical suturing to repair an episiotomy
erectile dysfunction medication(s)
temporarily produces an erection
orch/o, orchid/o, test/i, test/o
testicles, testes, testis
anovulation
the absence of ovulation when it would normally be expected; absence of ovulation
last menstrual period (LMP)
the date indicating the first day of a patient's last menstrual period; refers to the first day (onset of bleeding) of your last menstrual period before falling pregnant. This information is often used to calculate the expected date of delivery for your baby; The date of the first day of menstruation before a presenting illness or the advent of pregnancy-related amenorrhea. The date is used in estimating the expected date of delivery.
cesarean section(s) (C-section/CS)
the delivery of the child through an incision in the maternal abdominal and uterine walls
erectile dysfunction (ED)
the inability of the male to achieve or maintain a penile erection; repeated inability to initiate or maintain an erection sufficient for sexual intercourse
abortion
the interruption or termination of pregnancy before the fetus is viable; termination of pregnancy
hormone replacement therapy(-ies) (HRT)
the use of the female hormones estrogen and progestin to replace those the body no longer produces during and after perimenopause
-para
to give birth
hyster/o, metr/o, metri/o, uter/o
uterus
vagin/o, colp/o
vagina
lochia
vaginal discharge after childbirth; The fluid that is discharged from the vagina for a week or so after childbirth. At first the lochia is primarily blood, followed by a more mucousy fluid that contains dried blood, and finally a clear-to-yellow discharge.
vas/o
vessel, vas deferens, blood vessel
colposcopy
visual examination of the vagina; Direct visual examination of the tissues of the cervix and vagina.
gynec/o
woman, female
labor and delivery (L&D)
also known as childbirth or parturition, occurs in three stages (dilation, delivery of the baby, expulsion of the afterbirth); the process of delivering a baby and the placenta, membranes, and umbilical cord from the uterus to the vagina to the outside world. During the first stage of labor (which is called dilation), the cervix dilates fully to a diameter of about 10 cm (2 inches). In the second stage (which is called expulsion), the baby moves out through the cervix and vagina to be born. The third stage of labor begins with the delivery of the baby and ends when the placenta and membranes are expelled. Also known as parturition and childbirth.
zo/o
animal life
peri-
around, surrounding
antepartum
before birth; occurring before childbirth or labor, with reference to the mother
ante-, pre-
before, in front of, forward
-arche
beginning, ancient, primitive
