Medical terminology

tenosynovitis

In tenosynovitis, the tendon and its synovial sheath are inflammed

a urethral opening located on the underside of the penis is

hypospadias

surgical removal of the uterus is called ____

hysterectomy

ileum ends at the _____

ileocecal valve

condition that can occur as a side effect of taking NSAIDs is

pyelonephritis

caused by viruses

-SARS -influenza -measles

the goal of physiatry

-a comprehensive treatment plan -multidiciplanry approach to get patients back to their premorbid functional level -treatment plan that addresses a patient's medical, social, emotional, and vocatonal needs

antigen and antibodies sin the blood

-all are true except antigens are not present in the blood plasma ->instead, found on surface of red blood cells

Rh compatibility

-all except that anti-Rh cannot cross the placenta during pregancy -> antibodies can cross the placenta during pregnancy

functions of the liver

-bile synthesis and secretion -storage of glucose as glycogen -synthesis of plasma proteins -detoxification of alcohol and drugs

functions of HCl in the stomach

-breaks down cellulose in plant cells -converts pepsinogen to pepsin -breaks down connective tissue in meat -kills most ingested pathogens

composition of blood

-containsd a higher percentage of plasma than cells -the majority of cells are RBCs -plasma is mostly water

causes of uterine prolapse include

-difficult childbirth -aging -obesity

chyme

-enzymes secreted or activated in the stomach -partially digested foods -hydrochloric acid secreted by parietal cells

protein elements found in plasma

-globulin -albumin -fibrianogen

liver disorders

-hepatitis b and c are both bloodborne illness that can be transmitted by contaminated needles -liver cancer can be a primary cancer or metasis -hepatitis e is similar to hepatitis a -hepatitus C is the most common form of the virus in the USA -hep a is a virsu transmitted by contaminated food -hep b is a virus transmitted by exposure to infected body fluids -hep e is similar to a, more common in underdeveloped countrie

rhabdomyolysis

-it can cause kidney failure -involves the release of large amounts of myoglobin from damaged muscle cells -can be caused by trauma,m extreme exercise, alcoholism, or illicit drug use

ganglion

-it has more than one meaning -plural form of ganglia -cannot be deconstructed -no prefix or suffix

trichomoniasis

-known as a "ping-pong" infection -yellow/green discharge -itching of the vulva

symptoms of lymphoma

-night sweats -fatigue -fever -weight loss

risk factors for cholelithiasis

-obesity -rapid weight loss -multiple pregnancies -high cholesterol diet

root word for breathe

-pnea

lymphatic system

-remove foreign cells, chemicals, and debris -absorb excess interstitial fluid and return it to the blood -absorb dietary lipid from small intestine

intrinsic factors

-secreted by parietal cells in the stomach -without it, pernicious anemia can result -it is required in order for the intestines to absorb vitamin B12

leg, ankle, and foot

-the posterior leg muscles plantarflex the foot and flex the toes -the Achilles tendon attaches the gastroc to the calcaneus -the muscles in the front of the leg extend the toes and bend the foot up (dorsiflex) at the ankle

coagulopathies

-thrombocytopenia puts one at risk for excess bleeding -coagulopathies involve both the failure of blood clot and a tendency toard excessive clotting -embolus can lodge in a vessel to the brain and cause a stroke -purpura and petechiae are different types of hematomas or bruises

most likely to cause RBCs to agglutinate

-transfusion mismatch -sickle cell disease

ABO Blood Types

-type AB bloos plasma has no antibodies agains A or B anitgens in the plasma -Type AB is the universal recipient -a person with type AB bloos an receive of type A, B, AB, or O -Type O is the universal donor

cardiac cycle of the heartbeat

1 atria contract 2 ventricles relax 3 atria relax 4 ventricles contract 5 atria and ventricles relax

the abbreviation that describes the failure of a vessel that connects the aorta to the pulmonary artery to close is

PDA

respiratory disorder sue to a lack of surfactant

RDS

aneurysm

circusmscribed dilation of an artery or cardiac chamber

congenital defect of the upper lip

cleft lip

clotting diseases are also called

coagulopathies

narcotics

codeine heroin opium

dental plaque dental caries pyorrhea gingivitis periodontitis

collection of microorganisms of the teeth tooth decay and cavity formation infection of gums plus pus-like discharge infection of the gums gums pull away from the teeth, forming pockets that become infected

examination of structrues of the large intestine and below

colonoscopy proctoscopy sigmoidoscopy

the structure formed by the union of the hepatic duct and cystic duct is the ____ duct

common bile

nephrolithiasis

condition or presence of kidney stones

insufficiency

condition where the heart valves cannot close fully, which allows blood to leak or flow back through the valve to the chamber in which it came from

CHF stands for

congestive heart failure

retina lens iris pupil

contains photoreceptors and cells that generate nerve signals the inner transparent structure that changes shape when focusing the pigmented structure that controls the amount of light entering the eye the round opening in the center of the iris that admits light

vestibule otoliths semicircular canals ampulla crista ampullaris

contains the macula crystals of calcium carbonate detect the transmit rotational movement dilated end of a semicircular canal that contains crista ampularis inverted cup-shaped structure in which equilibrium receptors are embedded

PTs often perform range of motion exercises on patients to prevent joint ___

contracture

order in which light travels through the eye

cornea pupil lens virteous body retina

_____ are often prescribed to decrease inflammation. they are produced in and secreted by the ________

corticosteroids; adrenal cortex

whooping cough

coughing with stridor is a sign of its infection it is also known as pertussis

used to view the inside of the urinary bladder

cystoscope

secondary conditions of endometriosis include

cysts scar tissue

the removal of burned, dead tissue is called:

debridement

microcephaly

decreased head size associated with small verbral hemispheres and moderate to severe motor and mental retardation

anemia

deficiency of erythrocytes or hemoglobin in the blood

thrombocytopenia

defiency of platelts

Roots: -tense- -vens- -fusion -ment- -penia

definitions: pressure veins to pour mind deficiency

parkinson's disease creutzfeld-jakob disease

degeneration of neurons in the basal ganglia that produce dopamine produces rapid deterioration of mental function in muscle movement

gray matter in the brain

dentrites synaoses neuron cell bodies

leading causes of amputations

detonation of explosive devices peripheral vaduclar disease arteriosclerosis diabetes

diagnoses vs prognoses

diagnoses: determination of the cause of the disease prognoses: prediction of disease outcome Both share the same root '-gnosis'

cholanglography

diagnostic imaging technique that utilizes an x-ray with IV contrast dye to image the billary system

hemorrhoids

dilated, distended veins of the anal canal

difficulting breathing and thick, gray coating on the throat and tonsils

diptheria

t cells

directly attack and kill the foreign antigen-bearing cell

shoulder speration

dislocation of the acromioclavicular joint

indigestion or "upset stomach"

dyspepsia

painful urination

dysuria

what is a symptom of polyneuropathy

numbness, weakness, and tingling sensations

too little fluid in the sac surrounding the fetus

oligohydraminos

a condition of having low sperm in the semen is

oligospermia

less urine is produced

oliguria

retinal detatchment is visualized using an this examination is called:

opthalmoscope fundoscopy

contraception based on their failure rate

oral contraceptive mifespristone rhythm method spermicidal foam

inflammation of the testes

orchitis

rotator cuff

originate on the scapula inert into the humerus

diagnose and treatment in the skeletal system

orthopedic surgeon osteopathic physicians orthopedists

a bacterial or fungal infection of the auditory canal

otitis externa

inserted into the external auditory canal; to examine the tympanic membrane is

otoscope

instrument used to examine the ear

otoscope

when stapes vibrate, they push inward against the

oval window

the ____ forms the floor of the nose

palate

treatment that is not curative

paliative

causes a reduced number of ll blood cells (erythros, leukocytes, and thrombocytes)

pancytopenia

sinuses that open into the nasal

paranasal frontal maxillary

a condition in which a retracted prepuce cannot be pulled forward to cover the prepuce forsekin is unable to be retracted over the glans infection of the f=glans and foreskin with bacteria or yeast

paraphimosis phimosis balanitis

bacterial infection of the nails

paronychia

method used to clean the blood by implanting a catheter into the abdominal cavity

peritoneal dialysis

-al or -ive or -ous -ic -pathy -logy -ia -ation -emia -emic -scopy -ion -itis

pertaining to disease the study of condition of process of condition of the blood pertaing to a condition of blood bronchoscopy action -inflammation

otitis externa is a bacterial or fungal infection

pf the auditory canal

plural for phalanx

phalanges

tube from the back of the nose to the larynx

pharynx

a barium swallow is performed to create an image of the _____ and ______ on an X-ray

pharynx and esophagus

root that means body root that means nature

physic- phys-

OB LPN GYN

physician who cares for pregnant female type of nurse physician that specializes in the care of the female

glands of the endocrine system

pituitary thyroid parathyroid

a low-lying placenta is defined as

placenta previa

inflammation of the lung parenchyma (tissue)

pneumonitis

inherited kidney disease

polycystic kidney disease

benign tumors of the larynx

polyps papillomas

symptoms of hyperglycemia

polyuria polydipsia polyphagia

the secretion of smegma is a function of the

prepuce

stages of syphilis

primary: a chancre appears 10 to 90 days after the infection secondary: a rash on the palms of the hands and the soles of the feet

functions of progesterone

produce menses in absence of pregnancy prepare the uterus for pregnancy prevent lactation during pregnancy

functions of the skeletal system

protection support blood formation

bones of the hip

pubis ilium ischium

symptoms of hypothyroidism

puffy face weight gain hair loss

inflammation of the renal pelvis is

pyelitis

functions of the gallbladder

store, concentrate, and secrete bile

male secondary sex organs

urethra penis scrotum

white crystals in the urine due to excessive amounts of ______

uric acid

evacuating urine is the definition of

urination micturition voiding

transfusion vs infusion

transfusion is the process of transferring blood from donor to patient they are both intraveneous procedures

the parasite that causes trichomoniasis

trichomonas vaginalis

if a fetus is in face-first position during labor

try to turn the fetus into vertex position perform a C-section

sweat glands

two types some open directly onto the skin the highest concentration are in the soles, palms, and forehead

OCD, which behavior is most likely

unwanted thoughts and repetitive behaviors

3 steps of hemostasis

1 vascular spasm 2 platelet plug formation 3 blood coagulation -platelets adhere to each other and the surrounding tissue in platelt plug formation -blood coagulation i the 3rd step -during coagulation, prothrombin is converted to thrombin which then converts fbrinogen to fibrin

order in which food moves from cecum to the anus

1. ascending colon 2. transverse colon 3. desecnding colon 4. sigmoid colon 5. rectum 6. anal canal

procedures when dealing with skin lesions

1. dermatologist uses a dermascope to examine the lesion 2. biopsy is performed 3. specimen is sent to the laboratory to be examined by a patholigist 4. results of the biopsy are sent to the dermatologist

order of small intestine

1. duodenum 2. jejunum 3. ileum

metastic malignant

1.adjective that means pertaining to the character of cells that can metastisive 2.describes a tumor that invades tissues and metastisizes

three types of cancer in order of likelyhood to metastasize

1.malignant melanoma 2.squamous cell carcinoma 3. basal cell carcinoma

number of lobes in the right lung

3

each hip bone is fused with

3 other bones

what total percent of the body does the anterior and posterior surface of both legs represent?

36%

Prefixes

A prefix always appears at the beginning of a term. A prefix precedes a root to change its meaning. Prefixes can have more than one meaning. Prefixes never require a combining vowel. An occasional medical term can have two prefixes. Not every term has a prefix.

Roots

A root is the constant foundation and core of a medical term. Roots are usually of Greek or Latin origin. All medical terms have one or more roots. A root can appear anywhere in the term. More than one root can have the same meaning. A root plus a combining vowel creates a combining form.

suffixes

A suffix is a group of letters attached to the end of a root or combining form. A suffix changes the meaning of the word. If the suffix begins with a consonant, it must follow a combining vowel. If the suffix begins with a vowel, no combining vowel is needed. A few medical terms can have two suffixes. A suffix always appears at the end of a term. Suffixes that are different can have the same meaning.

ESR vs MSA blood testing

ESR: nonspecific blood test to detect the presence of inflammation in the body MSA: detects the presence of myositis-specific antibodies

GERD

G E Reflux D

axilla axillae axillary

Noun, armpits Armpits, plural for axilla adjective of the armptis

leukopenia vs leukemia

WBC count below 5,000 occurs in sme viral infenctions overproduction of nonfunctional WBC precursors

a malignant childhood tumor

Wilms tumor nephroblastoma

respiratory distress syndrome is due to

a lack of surfactant

PSA TURP

a marker found in blood that may indicate the presence of prostate cancer a surgical procedure to remove part of the prostate

priapism

a persistent, painful erection

the blood of an RH-negaitve female can produce anti-Rh antibodie if

a pregant Rh-negaitve female carries a Rh-postive fetus

gravida primigravida primipara multipara

a pregnant woman a woman who is pregnant for the 1st time a woman giving birth for the 1st time a woman who has given birth more than once

embolus

a traveling blood clot

jaundice

a yellowing of the skin and sclera

endometriosis

abnormal location of endometrial tissue outside the uterus -adds cysts and scar tissue -cause is unknown

subaceous glands

acne seborrheic dermatitis

a ___ medical ____ consists of a living will and a medical (durable) power of attorney

advance directive

postpartum puerperium

after childbirth 6-week period after childbirth

lentigo

age spot

presbyopia astigmatism

age-related inability to focus on near age objects uneven curvature of the cornea that produces blurred images

being born with only a right kidney

agenesis

when a female that does not have a menstrual flow

amenorrhea

fistula

an abnormal passageway that forms, often due to infection with abscess formation

lekocytosis

an increase in total WBC count above the normal range

myoglobin

an oxygen-storing protein in muscle cells

pernicious anemia

anemia caused by defiency of intrinsic factor, leading to inadequate viatmin b12 absorption

born without brainhemispheres

anencephaly

x-ray visualization of blood vessels after injection of contrast material is

angiography

decrease contraction of the urinary bladder

anitcholinergic

greek for carbuncle

anthrax

if a mother has gonorrhea, her newborn baby will receive

antibiotic eyedrops

therapeutic skin agents

antibiotics and antifungals treat infections but ant-inflammatories do not

medication that blocks the actions of the parasympathetic

anticholinergic

anticonvulsants

antiepileptic

an agent that replaces or inhibits a specific part of a cell-s metabloism is a

antimetabolite

ambulatory procedures

anything that doe snot require staying overnight

at birth, the neonate is assessed via the ___ sclae

apgar

mediastinum

area between the lungs, heart, oarta, vena cavae, esophagus, amd trachea

infarct

area of cell damage caused by a block in blood flow

an ischemic stroke can be cause by

arteheroscerosis embolism

rheumatoid

arthritis that causes destruction of joint surfaces, jojnt capsules, and liaments

registered respiratory therapists respiratory therapy technicians

assist physicians in evaluating, treating, and caring for patients who have respiratory disorders assist physicians and RRTs in evaluating, monitoring, and treating patients

cardiovascular technologists cardiac sonographers

assistant physicians in the diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular disorder technologist who use ultrasound to observe the heart chambers, valaves, and blood vessels

fatty deposit in the thin lining of the artery

atheroma

the congenital absence of a normal opening is termed

atresia

asperger syndrome is a type of ___

autism

destruction of cells by enzymes within the cells defines

autolysis

MCV refers to

average size of RBCs ib the blood

condition of having no sperm in the semen

azoospermia

dorsum of the hand

back of the hand

oropharynx

back of the mouth, below the soft pallet and above the epiglottis

hypo- hyper- Isch- pilmon- intra- in- peri- post- Pre- de- pneumon-

below normal above normal to block to breathe means within means inside around after before without lung or air

failure of the vertebral column close over the spinal cord is called spina ___

bifida

melanin

black pigment

organs that make up a KUB

bladder, kidneys, and ureters

the first 2 weeks of the developing embryo

blastocyst

optic disc is also known as

blind spot

histamine-2 recpetor antagonist proton pump inhibitors ant-H, pylori therapy

block the production of stomach acid block the enzyme system in the stomach that produces gastric acid a combination of two antibiotics and a proton pump is used

spermatic cord consists of

blood vessels nerves ductus (vans) deferens

comminuted transverse impacted spiral oblique

bone breaks into several pieces fracture is at a right angle along the axis one bone fragement driven into another runs sprially aorunf the bone runs diagnolly across the bone

vertebra

bone of the spinal cord is a plural form: vertebrae

strongest flexor in forearm

brachialis

inflammation of lubricating sacs in muscle tissue

bursitis

breech vs vertex

buttocks present first. head first.

bone that forms the heel

calcaneus

aplastic anemia

can be caused by exposure to radiation bone marrow cannot produce sufficient numbers of RBCs, WBCs, and platelets can be a life-threatening condition

dysphagia

can occur after a stroke, but also a symptom of esophageal cancer

fetal alcohol syndrom

can occur when a pregnant women drinks alcohol

urethra urology ureter

canal that leads from the urinary bladder to outside the body medical specialty studying disorders in urinary system tube that transport urine from the kidneys to the bladder

septum

cannot be deconstructed plural form: Septa Latin for Partition

lacerasions

caused by blunt trauma they are jagged and irregular tears

hemolysis

caused by trauma to RBCs, being bitten by a posionous snake or spider, or drug overdoses

release of histamine from immune cells

causes an allergic reaction such as mucus hypersecretion, congestion, and wwatery eyes

tinea pedis

causes itching, redness, and peeling of the foot skin

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

causes pins and needles in the hand, weakness of the thumb side of the hand, and thenar muscle atrophy

the space between the two layers of the pleura is called the pleural ________

cavity

tissues are composed of: cells are composed of:

cells organelles

when a femal patient is infwcted with HPV it can leade to which cancer most commonly?

cervical

used to treat metastic skin cancer and widespread psoriasis

chemotherapy

a yellow waxy tumor arising in the middle ear is an

cholesteatoma

the fetal membrane that forms the placenta is the___

chorion

vascular layer behind the retina

choroid

when acute otitis media subsides but the eustahian is blocked by fluid, this is ____ otitis media with _____

chronic; effusion

organs of the skin

each hair follicle has a nerve fiber and blood capillaries connected to it each hair grows in its own seperate follicle nails contain keratin, the sane tough protein thats found in the wpidermis

excessive ____ can be removed by ear irrigation or with a _____

earwax; curette

high blood pressure, proteinuria, and edema od the extremities and face along with seizures

eclampsia

psychedelic drugs

ecstasy marijuana LSD

the embryo implanted in the uterine tube and therefore was an _____ pregnancy

ectopic

greek term for swelling

edema

the thinning of the cervix is termed _____

effacement

the _____ duct empties semen into the urethra

ejaculatory

abnormal thinness

emaciation

the ___ is shed during menstruation

endometrium

splenomegaly tonsillitis hypersplenism lymphedema

enlarged spleen inflammed tonsils and adenoids storage of excess number of blood cells and platelets in the spleen localized brawny non-pitting fluid retention due to lymphatic system compromise

a ten year old who accidentally wets the bed at night

enuresis

term that means inflammation of the ducts at the top of the testis where sperm are stored

epididymitis

colles fracture

eponym

esophagus did not connect to the stomach

esophageal atresia

esophageal disorders

esophageal varices can be asymptomatic until they rupture GERD, hatial hernia, and esophagitis can all cause heartburn

most common type of hypertension

essential primary

menorrhagia metorrhagia polymenorrhea

excessive menstrual bleeding irregular uterine bleeding between menses more than normal frequency of menses

cryptorchism orchiopexy

failure of a testicle to descend surgical fixation of a testicle in the scrotum

a stump that is swollen or misshapen will prevent

fitting for a prosthesis

maxillary palatine zygomatic lacrimal nasal mandible

forms the upper jaw located behind the maxilla the prominence of the ckeeks from the medial wall of each of each orbit form the sides and bridge if the nose lower jaw bone

the small pit in the center of the macula lutea

fovea centralis

thrush stomatitis

fungal infection with candida albicans general term for any infection of the mouth

computed tomography

generates images of slices of brain to detect tumors, tissue damage, and birth defects

signs of vulvovaginal candidiasis

genital itching "cottage cheese" vaginal discharge genital burning

human papilloma infection

genital warts cervical cancer

upper opening into the larynx from the oropharnyx

glottis

glucose in the urine

glycosuria

nodes that form as small bony spurs due to osteoarthritis

heberden

weakness of one side of the body

hemiparesis

if an RH-negaitve mother becomes pregnant with a second Rh-positive fetus, the fetus could develop _____ disease of the _____

hemolytic; newborn

complications of respiratory distress syndrome include

hemorrhage cerebral ischemia death

the control of bleeding

hemostasis

basophils release

heparin -anticoagulant histamine -vasodilater

cystocele

hernia of the urinary bladder into the anterior vaginal wall

shingles impetigo athlete's foot scabies warts

herpes-zoster virus staphyl... bacteria tinea pedis fungus parasitic mites papillomavirus

transverse sagital frontal

horizontal plane vertical plane that seperates the body into left and right portions vertical plane that divides the body into front and back

gastrin pepsin

hormone that stimulates gastric motility and secretion active enzyme that starts protein digestion -pepsinogen is secreted by chief cells

inflammation herpetic keratoconjunctivitis

hydrocortisone ointment and drops acyclovir ointment or drops

with a back-up or=f urine dilating the calyces and pelvis, a ptient would be diagnosed with a ___ kidney

hydronephrotic

seeing distant objects better than close ones

hyperopia

a mother with gestational diabetes mellitus can have a neonate at risk for

hypoglycemia birth trauma perinatal mortality

loop diuretics and thiazides have side effects of

hypokalemia

brach-i vs brach-o

i: Combining form that means of the arm o: combining form that means arm

ilium vs ileum vs ilia

ilium: Bone of the pelvis ilia: Plural form of ilium ileum: Last segment of small intestine

idopathic thrombocyte prupura

immune system destruction of platelets

term that means to insert material into tissue

implant

surgical procedures used to initiate pregnancy include

in vitro fertilization intrauterine insemination

conditions that may prevent a neonate from growing fully in utero include

inadequate nutrition premature labor

periodic laboratory evaluation

includes BUN and serum creatinine, lipid profile, ECG, and annual ophthalmologic evaluation

presence of parasites

infestation

bronchitis

inflammation of the bronchi or bronchus

pneumonitis

inflammation of the lung tissue

intravenous pyelogram (IVP) retrograde pyelogram

injection of contrast media into the blood so that the urinary tract can be visualized injection of contrast media into the ureters and kidneys to determine if kidney stones are present

introduction of semen into the vagina is termed

insemination

sticky fluid build up that occurs in OME can be drained by

inserting tympanostomy tubes

endocrine secretions of the pancreas

insulin, glucagon, hormones

treatment for meconium aspiration

intubation and suction

cerebral angiography

involves injection of radiopaque dye into the blood vessels of the nec an brain to detect blockages and aneurysms

metorrhagiaecla

irregular bleeding between menses

gonorrhea

it can be treated with a single dose of antibiotics it can be passed from an infected mother to her newborn baby

to test near vision, _____ cards are used

jaeger

skin cancer that is common in AIDs patients

kaposi sarcoma

tested for in a routine urinalysis

ketones protein odor

topical therapies for skin disorders that are over the counter

lamisil hydrocortisone cream lotrimin

PKD CKD ARF

large fluid-filled cysts press on the kidney, affecting its function gradula loss of kidney function kidneys stop functioning properly

inflammation of the larynx " " pharynx

laryngitis pharyngitis

causes of uterine retroversion include

lax pelvic muscles pelvic inflammatory disease pelvic adhesions

when identifying an unfamiliar term start by

learning the meaning of the suffix

malfunctions of the heart occur most common on what side?

left

OS OD OU

left eye right eye both

which eye structures are avasuclar

lens and cornea

the lymphatic system absorbs dietary _____ from the small intestine

lipids

laryngopharynx

located below the tip of the epiglottis

dermis

location of sweat and sebaceous glans, hair follicles, and nail roots

the most potent diuretic available is a ___ diuretic

loop

osteoporosis osteopenia osteomyelitis osteomalacia achondroplasia osteogensis imperfecta

loss of bone desnity low bone density inflammation of the bone/bone marrow softening of the bone long bones stop growing rare genetic disorder producing brittle bones

stress urge functional

loss of urine during laughing or coughing sudden intense desire to urinate followed by a loss of urine inability to control urine due to physical or mental impairment

common sites of metastis of oral cancer

lymph nodes lungs bones

cellelur immunity

macrophages t cells b cells

disorder of the retina that results in vision loss in the center of the visual field

macular degeneration

photocoagulation, the destruction of abnormal capillaries, is used to treat but not cure ___

macular degeneration

hemoglobin

main component of erythrocytes responsible for the color of erythrocytes carries Oxygen and CO

melanoma

malignant skin cancer black pigment produced my melanocytes can spread to other organs is deadly if it does

bone prominence of the ankle

malleolus

gestational diabetes

maternal hyperglycemia during pregnancy

specific structure where each hair cell originates within the follicle is the

matrix

the first bowel movement of the newborn is termed

meconium

geriatrician gerontologist

medical specialist that deals with the problems of aging nonmedical specialist in the study of the process of aging

conditions that can cause dementia

medications certain types of infections depression in the eledery

black, tarry stools called ____ usually indicate upper GI bleeding

melena

membranous integumentary mitochondria excision infectious toxicity eczematous seborrheic xenograft sebaceous granulation stabilize sacroiliac comminuted temporal amputation podiatry periosteal metatarsus prosthetic osteopenia aspiration sarcoma achondroplasia pathologic fracture multidisciplinary orthotic myositis gastrocnemius phlebotomist hypovolemic insufficiency mediastinum hematoma epistaxis (nosebleed) cyanosis bradypnea diaphragmatic olfaction oropharyngeal bronchiole inspiration pneumonectomy cauterization stomatitis hepatitis psychologist neurologic kleptomania adrenal hypoglycemic norepinephrine anticholinergic azoospermia oligospermia menorrhagia kernicterus anteversion

membran-ous integument-ary mit-o-chondr-ia excis-ion infect-ious tox-ic-ity eczem-a-tous seb-o-rrhe-ic xeno-graft sebac-e-ous granul-ation stabil-ize sacr-o-ili-ac comminut-ed tempor-al amput-ation podi-atry peri-oste-al meta-tars-us prosthet-ic oste-o-penia aspirat-ion sarc-oma a-chondr-o-plasia path-o-log-ic fract-ure multi-disciplin-ary orthot-ic my-o-sitis gastrocnem-ius phleb-o-tom-ist hypo-vol-emic in-suffic-i-ency media-stin-um hemat-oma epi-stax-is cyan-osis brady-pnea diaphragm-a-tic olfact-ion or-o-pharyng-eal bronch-i-ole in-spirat-ion pneumon-ectomy cauter-iz-ation stomat-itis hepat-itis psych-o-logist neur-o-log-ic klept-o-mania ad-ren-al hypo-glyc-emic nor-epi-nephr-ine anti-cholin-erg-ic a-zoo-sperm-ia oligo-sperm-ia men-o-rrhagia kern-icterus ante-vers-ion

excision of all part of a meniscus

meniscectomy

greek term for crescent

meniscus

five bones located in the palms next to fingers

metacarpals

agents that cause pupillary constriction are ____ dilates

miotic mydriatic

cerebral palsy

motor impairment resulting from congenital brain damage in an infant pr young child -antaxia -spastic limbs athetoid movements

mons pubis labia majora vestibule labia minora

mound of skin and adipose overlying the symphysis pubis pair of the thick folds of skin, connective tissue and adipose contains the urinary and vaginal openings pair of thin folds of skin

latin for low voice

murmur

contracture

muscle shortening due to spasm or fibrosis. I can occur after prolonged immobilization of a joint

muscles of the hand

muscles of the hypothenar eminence move only the fifth finger muscles in the thenar eminence atrophy in advanced carpal tunnel sy. muscles od the thenar eminence move only the thumb

myocardial vs myocardium

myocardial = adjective myocardium = noun

a ___ is a surgical resection of a muscular tumor

myomectomy

waxy edema of the skin in hyporthyroidism

myxedem

free edge nail body nail matrix nail plate cuticle nail fold

nail that is past the tip of the finger between the root and the free edge region where cell division occurs nail root, body, and free edge skin at the base that protects the matrix skin around the sides and bottom of nail

stenosis

narrowing of a passage

the region located at the back of the nose and above the soft palate is the ______

nasopharynx

toxic strains of staph and strep can lead to:

necrotizing fascilitis

a ___ is an infant under 4 weeks old

neonate

hypodermis contains:

nerves and blood vessels

signs of brain death

no cerebral activity EEG is persistently flat no brain stem activity

an enlarged prostate would cause a man to suffer from what conditions?

nocturia polyuria

senile dementia

not a normal part of aging and not a specific disease; it is a term used for a sollection of symotoms that can be caused by anything affecting the brain

the _____ is the most distal region of the stomach. chyme in this region moves through the ____ sphincter into the duodenum

pylorus; pyloric

duodenum

receives chyme from the stomach, pancreatic juice, and bile from the gallbladder

electrocardiogram

record of the electrical signals of the heart

a ___ is a condition in which the rectum herniates into the posterior vaginal wall

rectocele

cervical

refers to BOTH uterine cervix and vertabrae in the neck

a ____ ____ is used to assess blood flow to the kidneys

renal angiogram

an endoscope used for the transurethral removal of lesions is called a

resectoscope

cavernosa

resembling a cave

a more intense, short-term types of rehab

restorative rehabilitation

the appearance of a dark shadow in ones' peripheral vision is often cause by

retinal detatchment

HIV is the _____ that causes AIDS

retrovirus

term for inflammation of nasal mucosa, which is usually viral

rhinitis coryza

two hearing tests that use a turning fork

rhinne test weber test

match the valves of the hearts to the correct side

right: -tricuspid -pulmonary left: -mitral -aortic

tinnitus acute labyrinthitis

ringing in the ears viral infection of the inner ear producing vertigo

cyst lith

root that means bladder root that means stone

efferent vs afferent

root that means to move away from (efferent = exit) root that means to move towards the center

collagen disease

rosacea presents with a facial rash that is similar to systemic lupus erythrematosus, but is no vital organ involvement scleroderma has no effective treatment systemic lupus erythematosus often presents with a butterfly-shaped rash on the cheeks

linear greenstick pathologic compression stress

runs along the axis of the bone partial fracture: one side bends other breaks break occurs in areas of bone weakened by diseas occurs in vertebrae from trauma or pathology fatigue fracture cause by repititveness

common areas of psoriasis

scalp elbows knees

the testes are located in the ____ sac

scrotal

structures found in the dermis

sebaceous glands blood vessels collagen fibers sweat glands nerves

the oil produced by the sebaceous glands found in the dermis is called:

sebum

functions of the large intestine

secretion of mucus elimination of solid waste by defecation absorption of water and electrolytes

the order of glands to secrete the fluid to create semen as sperm pass by

seminal vesicles prostate gland bulbourethral gland

medical term for growing old

senescent

mental disorders occurring in old age

senility

latin for partition

septa

a thin wall dividing two cavaties

septum

an infection of the paranasal sinuses that is often following a viral upper respiratory tract infection is called ______

sinusitis

antibiotics antifungal agents antipuritics pruritics pruritis

sledom indicated; erythromysin include lomotrin and other OTC agents Anti-itch agents itchy itching

uvula

small structure that hangs down from the soft palate and keeps food in the oral cavity until it is ready to be swallowed

inflammation of the mouth

somatitis

the ___ ____ suspends each testis in the scrotum

spermatic cord

a cyst of the spididymis that contains sperm is a

spermatocele

disseminated intravascular coagulation

spontaneous clotting throughout the circulatory system caused by bacteria

injury or tear if a ligament

sprain

toxicity

state of being poisonous

thrombosis

stationary clot that forms in a diseased vessel or in the heart

layers of the epidermis most superficial to deepest

stratum corneum stratum lucidum stratum granulosum stratum spinosum stratum basale

etiology

study of the cause of a disease

the protein and fat substance that helps to keep the alveoli open is

surfactant

vestibulectomy

surgical excision of the vulva

cholecystectomy cholelithotomy

surgical removal of the gallbladder surgicl removal of gallstones

methods to close a patent ductus arterious include

surgically tying medication inserting a plug

symptoms of hyperthyroidism

sweating, tachycardia, hypertension, weight loss

the two hip bones that meet antieriorily to jojn with the ____ pubis

symphysis

medication that causes fetal deformities is termed

teratogen

myopathy vs myositis

term for muscle disease " " inflammation

excoriation

term for scratch of the skin

the term that means male organs that produce androgens

testicles and testes

which organs are considered as gonads?

testis and ovary

severe muscle twitches, cramps and spasms

tetany

opthalmic anethetics

tetracaine lidocaine hydrochloride

incus

the auditory ossicle that articulates with the malleus and stapes

PCOS is an abbreviation for

the condition of many cysts on the ovaries

ganglia

the correct plural form of collected cells outside the brain

fibromyaglia

the disorder that causes widespread muscle pain, chronic fatigue, and depression

popliteal fossa

the hollow area behind the knee, formed between the tendons of the hamsting muscles is the:

small intestines

the jejunum is where most chemical digestion and absorption occur the ileum is the longest segment

peritoneum

the membrane that lines the abdominal cavity

urinary meatus

the opening of the urethra through which urine is discharged

pneumothorax

the presence of air that surrounds the lungs

ejaculation ejaculate

the process of expelling sperm the act of expelling sperm

vascular dementia

the second most common form of dementia; it can come on gradually when arteries supplying the brain become arterioscerotic and deprice the brain of O2

photorecpetors of the eye

they are found in the retina cones are only active in bright colors cones are responsible for color vision rods do not function in bright light conditions

congenital lesions

they often resolve within the first few years after birth Mongolian sports are blue-grey, benign, flat, and found on the lower back of blacks, Native Americans, and Latin Americans

candida albicans

thrush and yeast infection

surgucal removal of the thymas gland is ____. it is sometimes performed to treat _____

thymectomy : myasthenia gravis

ringworm

tinea capitis tinea corporis

the term secrete means

to produce and release a substance from a cell

long bones of the skeletal system (most common bone)

toes palms fingers limbs

ADLs

toileting, transferring, eating, bathing and dressing

test for glaucoma

tonometry tonometer measures pressure

periosteum medulla

tough connective tissue sheath hollow cylinder inside the diaphysis

toxic vs toxicity

toxic: pertaining to a toxin toxicity: the state of being poisonous

tube that descends from the larynx

trachea

surgically created opening in the tympanic membrane to allow fluid to drain from the middle ear

tympanostomy the actual insicion is called myringotomy

electrocardiography coronary anglogram

ultrasound waves to study cardiac function uses a contrast dye injected during cardiac catheterization to identify coronary artery blockages

a common cold is also known as a viral ______ respiratory infection

upper

accumulation of nitrogenous waste in the blood

uremia

glycosylated hemoglobin

used to monitor plasma glucose control during the preeding 1 to 3 months

thiazide diuretics

used to treat moderate hypertension can cause hypokalemia (loss of kidney function) diuril is an example

color doppler ultrasonography

uses high-frequency sound waves to evaluate blood flow throw arteries of the neck and base of the brain

bacterial infection that causes the vagina to swell

vaginitis

anxiolytic or anti-anxiety drugs include which of the following

vallum, librium, xanax

virus that causes chickenpox

varicella-zoster

the plural form of varix is _____ these are dilated, tortuous ____ in the esophagus that can hemmorhage

varices; veins

superficial veins that have lost their elasticity and appear swollen or tortuous

varlicose

ASD ODD

varying degrees of impairment in social and communication skills persistent pattern if defiance, and hostility to parents/teachers

tube that carries sperm away from the epididymis is the

vas deferens ductus deferens

latin for small belly

ventricle

match the infection to the organism that causes it: viral fungal parasitic bacterial

verucas candda albicans pediculosis staphyloccus aureus

the test for peripheral vision is the _____ _____ test

visual fields

maintain an open passage for the movement of air to and from the trachea

voice box larynx

pain around the vaginal orifice

vulvodynia

fungal infection of the external genitalia and vagina

vulvovaginal candidiasis

inflammation of the external genitalia and vagina is termed

vulvovaginitis

saliva is mostly

water

hiatal hernia

when a portion of the stomach protrudes through the diaphragm

stress incontinence

when someone cannot control the flow of urine with increased pressure

thymus

where t cells learn to distinguish self from foreign bodies undergoes involution or shrinkage after puberty

root of the word latissimus means:

wide

connective epithelial muscle nervous

widely distributed throughout the body (blood, cartilage) lines inetrnal organs attatched to bones ie heart brain, spinal cord

types of fungi

yeast molds

ony..

yellow

the order of development of a fertilized egg

zygote, blastocyst, and embryo