Medsurg II Exam #1 (ch.6 gerontological alterations)

Which sign or symptom can be a normal assessment finding for an older patient? A. Asymptomatic dysrhythmias B. Decreased urine output C. Increased respiratory effort D. Difficulty problem-solving

A. Asymptomatic dysrhythmias

Which factors contribute to diminished wound healing in the older adult? (Select all that apply.) A. Decreased cytokine production B. Increased production of growth factor C. Decreased inflammatory response D. Decreased glucocorticoid secretion E. Decreased cell proliferation

A. Decreased cytokine production C. Decreased inflammatory response E. Decreased cell proliferation

An older patient is admitted to the hospital with a hip fracture. Which nursing intervention would be a priority? A. Encourage frequent deep breathing. B. Administer stool softeners. C. Perform neurologic checks. D. Frequently offer liquids to drink.

A. Encourage frequent deep breathing.

Which sign or symptom would be an abnormal assessment finding for an older patient? A. Inability to remember what was eaten yesterday B. An increase in resting heart rate C. Hypoactive bowel sounds D. Brisk papillary response to light

A. Inability to remember what was eaten yesterday

Which age-related changes contribute to a higher risk for myocardial ischemia in an older patient? (Select all that apply.) A. Increased diastolic filling pressures B. Decreased intracellular free calcium C. Thinning of the left ventricular wall D. Increased myocardial collagen content E. Increased myocardial oxygen consumption

A. Increased diastolic filling pressures D. Increased myocardial collagen content E. Increased myocardial oxygen consumption

When caring for older adults, it is important for the nurse to understand the effects of aging on laboratory values. Which laboratory values are not affected by age? A. Liver function tests B. Calcium levels C. Uric acid levels D. Blood glucose levels

A. Liver function tests

When caring for older adults, it is important for the nurse to understand the effects of aging on laboratory values. Which laboratory values are affected by age? A. Platelet counts B. Albumin levels C. White blood cell counts D. Coagulation studies

B. Albumin levels

An older adult patient has been admitted after an inferior myocardial infarction. Age-related changes in myocardial pumping ability may be evidenced by which finding? A. Increased contractility B. Decreased contractility C. Decreased left ventricle afterload D. Increased cardiac output

B. Decreased contractility

An older patient is starting a new medication that is metabolized in the liver and excreted by the kidneys. Which is the best assessment to monitor the patient's ability to tolerate the medication? A. Liver function tests B. Drug side effects experienced by the patient C. Kidney function tests D. Therapeutic drug levels

B. Drug side effects experienced by the patient

An older adult patient has been admitted after an inferior myocardial infarction (MI). The nurse knows that age-related changes in the cardiovascular system coupled with the MI place the patient at risk for what problem? A. Hypertension B. Heart failure C. Ventricular fibrillation D. Bradycardia

B. Heart failure

An older patient is admitted to the hospital with an acute onset of mental changes and recent falls. What is the one of the most common causes of mental changes in older patients? A. Dementia B. Infection C. Stroke D. Depression

B. Infection

What is the chemical change in a drug that renders it active or inactive called? A. Absorption B. Metabolism C. Excretion D. Distribution

B. Metabolism

An older adult patient was admitted for pneumonia. The nurse knows that there a number of age-related pulmonary changes that may affect this patient. What change would the nurse expect to find? A. Increased tidal volumes B. Weakening of intercostal muscles and the diaphragm C. Improved cough reflex D. Decreased sensation of the glottis

B. Weakening of intercostal muscles and the diaphragm

What age-related change can affect the absorption of medications? A. Decreased renal blood flow B. Decreased red blood cells C. Decreased splanchnic blood flow D. Decreased gastric acid pH

C. Decreased splanchnic blood flow

An older adult is placed on a continuous infusion of high-dose loop diuretic for diuresis. What finding would alert the nurse to the presence of a possible adverse effect? A. Tremors B. Bradycardia C. Electrolyte imbalance D. Hypoglycemia

C. Electrolyte imbalance

An older adult patient was admitted after an inferior myocardial infarction. Why would the nurse need to provide increased attention to the patient's skin integrity? A. There is thickening of the epidermal skin layer. B. There is a loss of sebaceous glands. C. The skin's upper layers become thin and blood flow is decreased. D. There is decreased melanocyte production.

C. The skin's upper layers become thin and blood flow is decreased.

A nurse is teaching an older patient about the signs and symptoms of a myocardial infarction. Which statement by the patient would indicate that the teaching was effective? A. "The pain in my chest may last a long time." B. "I will feel like I have an elephant sitting on the center of my chest." C. "The chest pain will be sharp and over the center of my chest." D. "The pain may not be severe and may not be in my chest."

D. "The pain may not be severe and may not be in my chest."

Older adult patients receiving diphenhydramine should be observed for which side effects of the medication? A. Seizures B. Gastrointestinal bleeding C. Polyuria D. Confusion

D. Confusion

Which pharmacologic implication should be considered when administering oral medications to an older adult? A. Increased splanchnic blood flow results in increased absorption of the medication. B. Decreased renal blood results in decreased distribution of the medication. C. Increased breakdown by liver hepatocytes results in increased dosage requirements. D. Decreased drug metabolism and detoxification results in an increased risk of drug toxicity.

D. Decreased drug metabolism and detoxification results in an increased risk of drug toxicity.

Which nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) has the side effect of renal failure, HTN, heart failure, and GI bleed in the elderly population? A. Indomethacin B. Ketorolac C. Aspirin greater than 325 mg D. Naproxen

D. Naproxen