Med/Surg III Quiz #7

A. Read the label before using salt substitutes.

A client with hyperaldosteronism is being treated with spironolactone (Aldactone) before surgery.Which precautions does the nurse teach this client? a. Read the label before using salt substitutes. b. Do not add salt to your food when you eat. c. Avoid exposure to sunlight. d. Take Tylenol instead of aspirin for pain.

C. Take vital signs, including temperature.

A nurse assesses a client who is recovering from a transsphenoidalhypophysectomy. The nurse notes nuchal rigidity. Which action should the nurse take first? a.Encourage range-of-motion exercises. b. Document the finding and monitor the client. c. Take vital signs, including temperature. d. Assess pain and administer pain medication.

A, C, E

A nurse assesses a client who potentially has hyperaldosteronism. Which serum laboratory values should the nurse associate with this disorder? (Select all that apply.) a. Sodium: 150 mEq/L b. Sodium: 130 mEq/L c. Potassium: 2.5 mEq/L d. Potassium: 5.0 mEq/L e. pH: 7.28 f. pH: 7.50

A, D, E

A nurse assesses a client with Cushings disease. Which assessment findings should the nurse correlate with this disorder? (Select all that apply.) a. Moon face b. Weight loss c. Hypotension d. Petechiae e. Muscle atrophy

A, C, D, E, F

A nurse assesses a client with anterior pituitary hyperfunction. Which clinicalmanifestations should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply.) a. Protrusion of the lower jaw b. High-pitched voice c. Enlarged hands and feet d. Kyphosis e. Barrel-shaped chest f. Excessive sweating

B. A 42-year-old male who experienced head trauma 3 years ago

A nurse assesses clients for potential endocrine dysfunction. Which client is at greatest risk for a deficiency of gonadotropin and growth hormone? a. A 36-year-old female who has used oral contraceptives for 5 years b. A 42-year-old male who experienced head trauma 3 years ago c. A 55-year-old female with a severe allergy to shellfish and iodine d. A 64-year-old male with adult-onset diabetes mellitus

A, B, D

A nurse assesses clients with potential endocrine disorders. Which clients are at high risk for adrenal insufficiency? (Select all that apply.) a. A 22-year-old female with metastatic cancer b. A 43-year-old male with tuberculosis c. A 51-year-old female with asthma d. A 65-year-old male with gram-negative sepsis e. A 70-year-old female with hypertension

A, C, D, E

A nurse assesses clients with potential endocrine disorders. Which clients are at high risk for hypopituitarism? (Select all that apply.) a. A 20-year-old female with benign pituitary tumors b. A 32-year-old male with diplopia c. A 41-year-old female with anorexia nervosa d. A 55-year-old male with hypertension e. A 60-year-old female who is experiencing shock f. A 68-year-old male who has gained weight recently

D. Normal pituitary response to insulin

A nurse cares for a client after a pituitary gland stimulation test using insulin.The clients post-stimulation laboratory results indicate elevated levels of growth hormone (GH) and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). How should the nurse interpret these results? a. Pituitary hypofunction b. Pituitary hyperfunction c. Pituitary-induced diabetes mellitus d. Normal pituitary response to insulin

A, D, F

A nurse cares for a client who is prescribed vasopressin (DDAVP) for diabetes insipidus. Which assessment findings indicate a therapeutic response to this therapy? (Select all that apply.) a. Urine output is increased. b. Urine output is decreased. c. Specific gravity is increased. d. Specific gravity is decreased. e. Urine osmolality is increased. f. Urine osmolality is decreased.

C. Report clear or light yellow drainage from the nose.

A nurse cares for a client who is recovering from a hypophysectomy. Which action should the nurse take first? a. Keep the head of the bed flat and the client supine. b. Instruct the client to cough, turn, and deep breathe. c. Report clear or light yellow drainage from the nose. d. Apply petroleum jelly to lips to avoid dryness.

B. Restrict the clients fluid intake to 600 mL/day.

A nurse cares for a client who possibly has syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). The clients serum sodium level is 114 mEq/L. Which action should the nurse take first? a. Consult with the dietitian about increased dietary sodium. b. Restrict the clients fluid intake to 600 mL/day. c. Handle the client gently by using turn sheets for re-positioning. d. Instruct unlicensed assistive personnel to measure intake and output.

B. You feel this way because of your hormone levels.

A nurse cares for a client with adrenal hyperfunction. The client screams at her husband, bursts into tears, and throws her water pitcher against the wall. She then tells the nurse, I feel like I am going crazy. How should the nurse respond? a. I will ask your doctor to order a psychiatric consult for you. b. You feel this way because of your hormone levels. c. Can I bring you information about support groups? d. I will close the door to your room and restrict visitors.

A. Wash hands when entering the room.

A nurse cares for a client with chronic hypercortisolism. Which action should the nurse take? a. Wash hands when entering the room. b. Keep the client in airborne isolation. c. Observe the client for signs of infection. d. Assess the clients daily chest x-ray.

B. When your beard thickens and your voice deepens, the dose is decreased, but treatment will continue forever.

A nurse cares for a male client with hypopituitarism who is prescribed testosterone hormone replacement therapy. The client asks, How long will I need to take this medication? How should the nurse respond? a. When your blood levels of testosterone are normal, the therapy is no longer needed. b. When your beard thickens and your voice deepens, the dose is decreased, but treatment will continue forever. c. When your sperm count is high enough to demonstrate fertility, you will no longer need this therapy. d. With age, testosterone levels naturally decrease, so the medication can be stoppedwhen you are 50 yearsold.

B. Once you start corticosteroids, you have to be weaned off them.

A nurse is caring for a client who was prescribed high-dose corticosteroid therapyfor 1 month to treat a severe inflammatory condition. The clients symptoms have now resolved and the client asks, When can I stop taking these medications? How should the nurse respond? a. It is possible for the inflammation to recur if you stop the medication. b. Once you start corticosteroids, you have to be weaned off them. c. You must decrease the dose slowly so your hormones will work again. d. The drug suppresses your immune system, which must be built back up.

C. Use a lift sheet to change the clients position.

A nurse plans care for a client with Cushings disease. Which action should the nurse include in this clients plan of care to prevent injury? a. Pad the siderails of the clients bed. b. Assist the client to change positions slowly. c. Use a lift sheet to change the clients position. d. Keep suctioning equipment at the clients bedside.

C. Use a lift sheet to re-position the client.

A nurse plans care for a client with a growth hormone deficiency. Which action should the nurse include in this clients plan of care? a. Avoid intramuscular medications. b. Place the client in protective isolation. c. Use a lift sheet to re-position the client. d. Assist the client to dangle before rising.

B, D, E

A nurse teaches a client with Cushings disease. Which dietary requirements should the nurse include in this clients teaching? (Select all that apply.) a. Low calcium b. Low carbohydrate c. Low protein d. Low calories e. Low sodium

B. If you work outside in the heat, you may need another drug.

A nurse teaches a client with a cortisol deficiency who is prescribed prednisone (Deltasone). Which statement should the nurse include in this clients instructions? a. You will need to learn how to rotate the injection sites. b. If you work outside in the heat, you may need another drug. c. You need to follow a diet with strict sodium restrictions. d. Take one tablet in the morning and two tablets at night.

C. Intense thirst and passage of excessively large quantities of dilute urine

A patient has been admitted after surgery for removal of a brain tumor. The nurse suspects the patient may be developing diabetes insipidus (DI). Which findings would confirm the nurse's suspicion? a. Hyperglycemia and hyperosmolarity b. Hyperglycemia and peripheral edema c. Intense thirst and passage of excessively large quantities of dilute urine d. Peripheral edema and pulmonary crackles

B. Administering intravenous fluids

A patient has been admitted with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). The nurse knows that the top priority in the initial treatment of DKA is which intervention? a. Lowering the blood sugar as quickly as possible b. Administering intravenous fluids c. Administering sodium bicarbonate d. Determining the precipitating cause

A. Poor skin turgor and flat neck veins

A patient has been admitted with diabetic ketoacidosis, and treatment has been initiated. Which findings would lead the nurse to suspect the patient is dehydrated? a. Poor skin turgor and flat neck veins b. Dyspnea and crackles c. Presence of Chvostek and Trousseau signs d. Extra heart sounds and 3+ edema

A. 0.1 U/kg/h

A patient has been admitted with hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS). The nurse knows that intravenous insulin is usually administered at what dosage? a. 0.1 U/kg/h b. 1.0 U/kg/h c. 2.0 U/kg/h d. 5.0 U/kg/h

B. 10 mEq/day

A patient has been diagnosed with syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). The nurse is administering hypertonic saline. The nurse knows that the serum sodium should not be raised more than how many milliequivalents per day? a. 5 mEq/day b. 10 mEq/day c. 20 mEq/day d. 25 mEq/day

A. Fluid restriction

A patient has been diagnosed with syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). The nurse would expect the first line treatment to include which intervention? a. Fluid restriction b. Hypotonic intravenous fluid administration c. Administration of D5W d. Administration of vasopressin

B. "Take Tylenol rather than aspirin because aspirin increases the amount of free thyroid hormone in circulation."

A patient has thyroid storm. The nurse is providing medication instruction for home. The patient asks, "If I have a fever, should I take Tylenol or aspirin?" Which response would be the most appropriate? a. "Either one is fine because they do not affect the antithyroid medication." b. "Take Tylenol rather than aspirin because aspirin increases the amount of free thyroid hormone in circulation." c. "Take aspirin rather than Tylenol because Tylenol increases the amount of free thyroid hormone in circulation." d. "They both prevent the antithyroid medication from working correctly. I would recommend an NSAID."

C. Infection

A patient in diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is comatose with a temperature of 102.2 F. The nurse suspects the patient may have which secondary disorder? a. Head injury b. Hypothalamus infarction c. Infection d. Heat stroke

A. Tachycardia

A patient is admitted after surgery with a history of hyperthyroidism. The nurse suspects the patient may be developing thyroid storm. Which finding would confirm this suspicion? a. Tachycardia b. Hypotension c. Decreased appetite d. Hypothermia

C. Dipsogenic DI

A patient is admitted with a long history of mental illness. The patient's spouse states the patient has been drinking up to 10 gallons of water each day for the past 2 days and refuses to eat. The patient is severely dehydrated and soaked with urine. The nurse suspects the patient has which problem? a. Central diabetes insipidus (DI) b. Nephrogenic DI c. Dipsogenic DI d. Iatrogenic DI

B. Decreased potassium and sodium levels

A patient is admitted with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and is experiencing polyuria. Which electrolyte disturbances would the nurse expect to see at this phase of DKA? a. Decreased calcium and increased phosphorus levels b. Decreased potassium and sodium levels c. Increased sodium and decreased phosphorus levels d. Decreased calcium and potassium levels

A. Increased serum osmolality and urea

A patient is admitted with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). The nurse knows that the dehydration associated with DKA results from which pathophysiologic mechanism? a. Increased serum osmolality and urea b. Decreased serum osmolality and hyperglycemia c. Ketones and potassium shifts d. Acute renal failure

D. Increased gluconeogenesis

A patient is admitted with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). The nurse knows that the lack of insulin results in which process? a. Decreased glucagon release b. Decreased glycogenolysis c. Decreased ketone production d. Increased gluconeogenesis

A. "We can't give you anything to drink until we get your blood sugar under control."

A patient is admitted with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). The patient presents with dry, cracked lips and is begging for something to drink. What reply would be the nurse's best response? a. "We can't give you anything to drink until we get your blood sugar under control." b. "You can have one cup of coffee without sugar." c. "You can drink anything you want as long as it's sugar free." d. "You can drink as much water has you can handle."

C. Administer insulin and fluids intravenously.

A patient is admitted with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). The patient's arterial blood gas indicates the patient has an uncompensated metabolic acidosis. The patient has rapid, regular respirations. Which medical intervention would the nurse expect to initiate to correct the acidosis? a. Initiate oxygen therapy via a face mask. b. Administer sodium bicarbonate. c. Administer insulin and fluids intravenously. d. Prepare for intubation.

D. "We'll check your serum blood glucose and ketones."

A patient is admitted with extreme fatigue, vomiting, and headache. This patient has type 1 diabetes that has been well controlled with an insulin pump. The patient states, "I know it could not be my diabetes because my pump gives me 24-hour control." Which reply would be the nurse's best response? a. "You know a lot about your pump, and you are correct." b. "You're right. This is probably a virus." c. "We'll get an abdominal CT and see if your pancreas is inflamed." d. "We'll check your serum blood glucose and ketones."

D. Presence of acetone

A patient is admitted with severe hyperglycemia. The patient is very lethargic and has a "fruity" odor to his breath. The nurse knows the odor on the patient's breath is indicative of which situation? a. Alcohol intoxication b. Lack of sodium bicarbonate c. Hypokalemia d. Presence of acetone

B. Excessive water reabsorption

A patient is admitted with syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). The nurse understands that the hyponatremia associated with this disorder is the result of which mechanism? a. Increased cortisol release b. Excessive water reabsorption c. Excessive sodium excretion d. Decreased glucagon release

A. Hyperosmolality and hypernatremia

A patient is presenting with signs of diabetes insipidus (DI). Which findings would confirm this diagnosis? a. Hyperosmolality and hypernatremia b. Hyperosmolality and hyponatremia c. Hypoosmolality and hypernatremia d. Hypoosmolality and hyponatremia

A. Acute pancreatitis

A patient presents with ketoacidosis and a blood glucose level of 125 mg/dL. Diabetic ketoacidosis has been ruled out. The nurse knows that ketoacidosis can occur in which condition? a. Acute pancreatitis b. Drug overdose c. Hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state d. Hyperaldosteronism

D. Obtaining serum electrolytes

A patient was admitted with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) an hour ago and is on an insulin drip. Suddenly, the nurse notices frequent premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) on the electrocardiogram. The nurse notifies the practitioner. The nurse would anticipate an order for which intervention? a. A lidocaine bolus b. Stopping the insulin drip c. Synchronizing cardioversion d. Obtaining serum electrolytes

A, B, E

A patient was admitted with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). Glucose is 349 mg/dL, K+ is 3.7 mEq/L, and pH is 7.10. Which of the following interventions would you expect? (Select all that apply, one, some, or all.) a. NS 1.5 L IV fluid bolus b. Insulin infusion at 5 units/h c. Sodium bicarbonate 50 mmol IV push d. Vasopressin 10 units IM every 3 hours e. Potassium 20 mEq/L of IV fluid

C. Weight loss

A patient weighs 140 kg and is 60 inches tall. The patient's blood sugar is being controlled by glipizide. Which topic would be important for the nurse to include in the patient's discharge education plan? a. Signs of hyperglycemia b. Proper injection technique c. Weight loss d. Increased caloric intake

D. "The stress on your body has temporarily increased your blood sugar levels."

A patient with a history of type 2 diabetes was admitted after aneurysm repair. The patient's serum glucose levels have been elevated for the past 2 days, and the patient is concerned about becoming dependent on insulin. Which statement is the nurse's best response to the patient's concerns? a. "This surgery may have damaged your pancreas. We will have to do more evaluation." b. "Perhaps your diabetes was more serious from the beginning." c. "You will need to discuss this with your physician." d. "The stress on your body has temporarily increased your blood sugar levels."

C. Syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH)

A patient with bronchogenic oat cell carcinoma has a drop in urine output. The laboratory reports a serum sodium level of 120 mEq/L, a serum osmolality level of 220 mOsm/kg, and urine-specific gravity of 1.035. The nurse suspects the patient may be developing what problem? a. Diabetes ketoacidosis (DKA) b. Diabetes insipidus (DI) c. Syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) d. Hyperaldosteronism

B. Irritability and paresthesia

A patient with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) has an insulin drip infusing, and the nurse has just administered subcutaneous insulin. The nurse is alert for signs of hypoglycemia, which would include what findings? a. Kussmaul respirations and flushed skin b. Irritability and paresthesia c. Abdominal cramps and nausea d. Hypotension and itching

A. D5W

A patient with hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state (HHS) has a serum glucose level of 400 mg/dL and a serum sodium level of 138 mEq/L. What is the intravenous fluid of choice? a. D5W b. 0.45% NS c. 0.9% NS d. D5/NS

D. Increased serum osmolality and increased serum glucose

A patient with type 2 diabetes is admitted. He is very lethargic and hypotensive. A diagnosis of hyperglycemic hyperosmolar syndrome (HHS) is given. Which findings support this diagnosis? a. Decreased serum glucose and increased serum ketones b. Increased urine ketones and decreased serum osmolality c. Increased serum osmolality and increased serum potassium d. Increased serum osmolality and increased serum glucose

B. Ill keep food on upper shelves so I do not have to bend over.

After teaching a client who is recovering from an endoscopic trans-nasal hypophysectomy, the nurse assesses the clients understanding. Which statement made by the client indicates a correct understanding of the teaching? a. I will wear dark glasses to prevent sun exposure. b. Ill keep food on upper shelves so I do not have to bend over. c. I must wash the incision with peroxide and redress it daily. d. I shall cough and deep breathe every 2 hours while I am awake.

C. I hope I can go back to wearing size 8 shoes instead of size 12.

After teaching a client with acromegaly who is scheduled for a hypophysectomy, the nurse assesses the clients understanding. Which statement made by the client indicates a need for additional teaching? a. I will no longer need to limit my fluid intake after surgery. b. I am glad no visible incision will result from this surgery. c. I hope I can go back to wearing size 8 shoes instead of size 12. d. I will wear slip-on shoes after surgery to limit bending over.

A. Obtain intravenous access.

An emergency nurse cares for a client who is experiencing an acute adrenal crisis. Which action should the nurse take first? a. Obtain intravenous access. b. Administer hydrocortisone succinate (Solu-Cortef). c. Assess blood glucose. d. Administer insulin and dextrose.

B. Fluid administration

An older patient presents with a serum glucose level of 900 mg/dL, hematocrit of 55%, and no serum ketones. Immediate attention must be given to which intervention? a. Evaluating clotting factors b. Fluid administration c. Insulin administration d. Sodium replacement

A. Potassium

As a patient with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) receives insulin and fluids, the nurse knows careful assessment must be given to which electrolyte? a. Potassium b. Sodium c. Phosphorus d. Calcium

B. Diabetes insipidus

Decreased urine osmolality is a sign of which disorder? a. Hyperglycemia b. Diabetes insipidus c. Thyroid crisis d. Syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone

D. Agitation

In caring for a patient with a thyrotoxicosis, the nurse would expect to observe which neurologic symptom? a. Lethargy b. Depression c. Seizures d. Agitation

B. Agranulocytosis

Patients discharged with antithyroid medications should be alerted to which potential side effect? a. Hyperthermia b. Agranulocytosis c. Tachypnea d. Diaphoresis

C. Diabetes insipidus

Patients who have sustained head trauma or have undergone resection of a pituitary tumor have an increased risk of developing which disorder? a. Type 1 diabetes b. Thyrotoxicosis c. Diabetes insipidus d. Myxedema coma

A, B, C, E

The neuroendocrine stress response produces which findings? (Select all that apply, one, some, or all.) a. Elevated blood pressure b. Decreased gastric motility c. Tachycardia d. Heightened pain awareness e. Increased glucose

B. Severe hyperglycemia with minimal or absent ketosis

The nurse has admitted a patient with hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state (HHS). Which findings would the nurse expect to observe in this patient? a. Hyperglycemia with low serum osmolality b. Severe hyperglycemia with minimal or absent ketosis c. Little or no ketosis in serum with rapidly escalating ketonuria d. Hyperglycemia and ketosis

A. Rapid rehydration with intravenous fluids

The nurse has admitted a patient with hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state (HHS). Which medical intervention would the nurse expect to see ordered for this patient? a. Rapid rehydration with intravenous fluids b. Insertion of a pulmonary artery catheter c. Administration of high-dose intravenous insulin d. Hourly monitoring of urine glucose and ketone levels

C. Physiologic and psychologic stress

The nurse is caring for a critically ill patient with type 1 diabetes. The nurse understands that the patient is at risk for developing diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) secondary to what etiology? a. Excess insulin administration b. Inadequate food intake c. Physiologic and psychologic stress d. Increased release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

A. Vasopressin

The nurse is caring for a patient with a head injury who has developed diabetes insipidus (DI). What medication would the nurse expect to be prescribed for the patient? a. Vasopressin b. Insulin c. Glucagon d. Propylthiouracil

C. Use warming blankets to slowly warm the patient.

The nurse is caring for a patient with myxedema coma. The patient's temperature is 93 F. Which intervention would the nurse include in the plan of care for this patient? a. Give aggressive therapy that includes warm peritoneal lavage. b. Allow the patient to maintain this body temperature to decrease oxygen demands. c. Use warming blankets to slowly warm the patient. d. Wait until the patient shivers to start warming.

D. Increased ADH level and low serum osmolality

The nurse is caring for a patient with the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). Which findings would confirm this diagnosis? a. Decreased ADH level and hyperkalemia b. Decreased ADH level and hypernatremia c. Increased ADH level and serum ketones d. Increased ADH level and low serum osmolality

A. Extensive hydration

The nurse is caring for a patient with type 1 diabetes who was admitted with complaints of increased lethargy. Serum laboratory values validate the diagnosis of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). Which medical intervention would the nurse expect to be ordered for this patient? a. Extensive hydration b. Oral hypoglycemic agents c. Large doses of intravenous (IV) insulin d. Limiting food and fluids

D. Insulin drives the potassium back into the cells.

The nurse is caring for a patient with type 1 diabetes who was admitted with complaints of increased lethargy. Serum laboratory values validate the diagnosis of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). Which statement best describes the rationale for administrating potassium supplements with the patient's insulin therapy? a. Potassium replaces losses incurred with diuresis. b. The patient has been in a long-term malnourished state. c. Intravenous (IV) potassium renders the infused solution isotonic. d. Insulin drives the potassium back into the cells.

B. Excessive thirst

The nurse is caring for a patient with type 1 diabetes who was admitted with complaints of increased lethargy. Serum laboratory values validate the diagnosis of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). Which symptom is most suggestive of DKA? a. Irritability b. Excessive thirst c. Rapid weight gain d. Peripheral edema

A. Measuring intake and output

The nurse is developing a discharge education plan for a patient with syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). Which topic should be included in the plan? a. Measuring intake and output b. Encouraging fluids c. A low-sodium diet d. Hypothermia management

C. Blood glucose drops to 200 mg/dL.

The nurse knows that during the resuscitation of a patient with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), the intravenous (IV) line should be changed to a solution containing glucose when what happens? a. Patient becomes more alert. b. IV insulin has been infusing for 4 hours. c. Blood glucose drops to 200 mg/dL. d. Blood glucose drops to 100 mg/dL.

C. Severe dehydration

The nurse understands that the onset of seizures in the patient with diabetes insipidus (DI) is indicative of which situation? a. Increased potassium levels b. Hyperosmolality c. Severe dehydration d. Toxic ammonia levels

C. Maintaining a quiet, restful environment

The nursing management plan for a patient with thyrotoxicosis would include which intervention? a. Providing diversional stimuli b. Restricting fluids c. Maintaining a quiet, restful environment d. Administering thyroid supplements at the same time each day

B. Potassium and phosphate

When a patient with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) has insulin infusing intravenously, the nurse expects a drop in the serum levels of which electrolytes? a. Sodium and potassium b. Potassium and phosphate c. Bicarbonate and calcium d. Sodium and phosphate

B. Anemia

Which finding is expected in the patient with hypothyroidism? a. Increased T4 b. Anemia c. Decreased thyroid stimulating hormone d. Hyperglycemia

D. Acetaminophen

Which medication can place a patient at risk for developing syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH)? a. Adenosine b. Diltiazem c. Heparin sodium d. Acetaminophen

C. Initiating seizure precautions

Which nursing intervention should be initiated on all patients with the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH)? a. Placing the patient on an air mattress b. Forcing fluids c. Initiating seizure precautions d. Applying soft restraints

B. Imbalance between insulin production and use

Which pathophysiologic mechanism occurs in the patient with type 2 diabetes? a. Lack of insulin production b. Imbalance between insulin production and use c. Overproduction of glucose d. Increased uptake of glucose in the cells

B. Dilutional hyponatremia, reducing sodium concentration to critically low levels

Which pathophysiologic mechanism occurs in the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH)? a. Massive diuresis, leading to hemoconcentration b. Dilutional hyponatremia, reducing sodium concentration to critically low levels c. Hypokalemia from massive diuresis d. Serum osmolality greater than 350 mOsm/kg