Meningococcal Vaccine
A, B, C, Y, W
Most invasive disease caused by serogroups ____________.
3 doses at 0, 1-2 months, and 6 months
Trumenba dosing: ___________
thimerosal
10-dose vial contains ________ as a preservative. (MPSV)
MPSV
Approved for 2 and older but not currently recommended for routine vaccination to younger patients.
13
At least ________ serogroups based on characteristics of polysaccharide capsule
2 doses given 1 month apart
Bexsero dosing: ________________
MENACWY and MPSV4
Both ________________ recommended for control outbreaks caused by vaccine-preventable serogroups (Men B only for outbreaks of serogroup B).
- Fever - Headache - Stiff neck
Clinical features of meningococcal meningitis: _____________
- Abrupt onset of fever - Meningeal symptoms (stiff neck, headache, photophobia) - Hypotension - Rash
Clinical symptoms include: ___________
- Quadrivalent meningococcal conjugate vaccine - Meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine - Serogroup B vaccine
Different types of vaccines include: _______________
rapidly, morbidity and mortality
Disease develops _______ and has high _____________.
MenB vaccine
Examples include: - Bexsero - Trumenba
10-15%
Fatality rate __________
Meningococcal serogroup B
Incidence is stable and low in adolescents and young adults; ~50-60 cases and 5-10 deaths reported annually.
- Infants and children 5 and younger - Young adults 16-21 - Adults 65 and older
Incidence of neisseria meningitides peaks in 3 age groups: ____________
3-4 days (range 2-10 days)
Incubation period _______.
Quadrivalent meningococcal conjugate vaccine
MENACWY
11-12 years (booster dose at 16), 13-15 (booster dose at 16-18)
MENACWY recommendations: administer at _________________. Catch up dose at _________ if not previously vaccinated.
administer 1 dose with no booster
MENACWY recommendations: if patients is > 16 years, _________________ (catch up)
2 dose series 8 weeks apart
MENACWY recommended for PCCD* or asplenic patients: ______________.
21
MENACWY routine vaccination NOT recommended after __________ for healthy persons not at increased risk of exposure.
Meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine
MPSV
3rd generation cephalosporin or vancomycin
Medical management includes initial emperic antibiotic therapy with ______________________ after appropriate cultures are obtained.
Sub-Saharan africa
Meningitis an epidemic disease in _____________
< 2%
Meningococcal outbreaks account for ______ of reported cases.
blood stream infection
Meningococcemia is a _____________.
Meningococcal meningitis
Most common pathological presentation; results of hematogenous dissemination.
meningitis, sepsis, focal infections (pneumonia and arthritis)
Neisseria Meningitidis causes ______________
- 3 or more confirmed or probable primary cases - Period <3 months - Primary attack rate > 10 cases per 100,000 population
Outbreak definition: ________________
Meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine
Quadrivalent polysaccharide vaccine administered by SubQ injection.
geographic location and other factors (age)
Relative importance of serogroups depends on ___________.
Neisseria Meningitidis
Severe acute gram - bacterial infection
MPSV
Should only be used for persons at increased risk of N. Meningitidis infection who are 56 and older or if MCV4 is not available.
penicillin alone
Treatment with _______________ after confirmation of N. Mengitidis.
11-19%
_______ of survivors have long term sequelae including deafness, limb or digit loss, and neurologic disability.
MPSV
_________ is no longer commonly used.
Chemoprophylaxis
________________ for close contacts of infected persons during 7 days before symptom onset.