Mental Health

Which concept states that if a certain behavior is rewarded with praise, the behavior will probably be repeated?

Operant conditioning

Which action reflects group development in the initial stage?

Seeking similarities

The nurse is caring for a client postoperatively who has recently experienced a family member's death. The nurse is demonstrating empathetic linkage with the client with which action?

Telling the client that it is normal to feel sad when someone has died.

Individual psychotherapy consists of three phases. Which statement by the group therapist would reflect that the group is in the working phase of therapy?

"James, when Shane speaks, it seems you become angry and tend to withdraw."

A nurse regularly volunteers to work double shifts in order to impress the nursing supervisor. This is an example of which defense mechanism?

Compensation

A group of nursing students is reviewing information about Freud's personality structure. The students demonstrate understanding of this information when they identify the ability to form mutually satisfying relationships as a function of:

Ego

An 81-year-old resident of a long-term care facility has confided in the nurse that the client is profoundly fearful of death. Within Erikson's psychosocial theory, this statement may suggest a failure to resolve which developmental conflict?

Ego integrity vs. despair

Which theorist's contribution led nurses to recognize that personality development begins at birth?

Erik Erikson

When the psychiatric nurse is aware of the cultural beliefs of a client diagnosed with bipolar disorder, the therapeutic process is most enhanced by what?

Facilitating the nurse's understanding of how these beliefs affect the client's perception of the disorder

Several members of a self-help group are making T-shirts for the group to wear in a parade. This is an example of which element of group therapy?

Group cohesiveness

Which group characteristic is lacking in the following statement: "Our group never talks about really emotional issues. I mean, no one ever cries."

Group cohesiveness

Which term is used to describe the degree to which members work together cooperatively to accomplish a common purpose?

Group cohesiveness

Within a group, facilitating verbal and nonverbal communication to meet treatment goals individually and with the entire group refers to the ...

Group leader

Which nursing theorist was opposed to the idea that the client passively receives treatment?

Hildegard Peplau

A nurse is planning an educational program for families with a mentally ill relative. Which goal is consistent with the current objectives of family education?

Improved family quality of life

While participating in a group therapy session, one group member consistently asks for clarification of the topic the group is discussing. The nurse leading the group interprets this behavior as reflecting which group role?

Information seeker

When describing the influence of Harry Stack Sullivan on psychiatric-mental health nursing, which would an instructor address as a major concept?

Interpersonal relations

Interpersonal theorists, such as Harry Stack Sullivan, emphasize which tenet?

Interpersonal socialization of humans throughout their developmental stages

Which is an example of group cohesiveness?

Members wearing T-shirts that they made to a group session

A 55-year-old client is being treated for narcissistic personality disorder. The therapist shows caring and appropriate regard for the client. The therapist's behavior is an example of which concept of behavior theory?

Modeling

The nurse is explaining the hospital routines and expectations to a newly admitted client. The nurse also asks if the client has any questions surrounding the admission. Which stage is this according to Peplau's concept of the nurse-patient therapeutic relationship?

Orientation

What is the most basic need, according to Maslow's hierarchy of needs?

Physiological

A client has recently joined a group and presented a scenario in which the client ran out of funds to pay the rent this month. The therapist states, "Has anyone else in the group had this experience? Can you share any ideas about how you resolved this situation when it happened to you?" The therapist's intervention utilizes which theory to intervene?

Problem-solving group

A psychiatric mental health nurse is applying Erikson's theory of psychosocial development in the care of a young adult client. What outcome should the nurse identify to best address the developmental conflict that this client is experiencing at this age?

The client demonstrates new interpersonal skills to promote the development of intimate relationships

The client has a longstanding history of depression. A psychoanalytic theorist might say what about the client?

The client may be unconsciously repressing feelings of anger that arise due to early childhood abuse experiences, and these feelings emerge as depression.

A basic function of psychiatric nurses is to implement a group that focuses on helping individuals coping with their illness. This refers to ...

a supportive therapy group.

A nurse is assessing a young adult and determines that the individual has achieved successful resolution of the previous stage of growth and development as evidenced by demonstrating:

devotion and fidelity.

A nurse is performing discharge planning for a client who will be returning home to live with family members. Which concept will be most important for the nurse in considering client needs?

family dynamics

The nurse is beginning a group counseling session with an open group system. The nurse should explain to the group members that one advantage of an open group system is that ...

new members can join the group at any time.

Against her wishes, a 14-year-old daughter has accompanied her parents to a family therapy session. Ongoing marital problems had prompted the parents to seek weekly counseling, though this is the first time that their daughter has attended. Which of the nurse-therapist's statements provides the best rationale for the daughter's attendance at this therapy session?

"Even though your parents started coming for help because of their relationship with each other, a problem in one part of the family affects everyone in the family."

Which statement would indicate that the group is in the working phase of development?

"I don't understand why Mary doesn't see my point of view, and frankly it really irritates me when she does that!"

Aaron T. Beck is associated with ...

Cognitive therapy

A client with a history of trauma has told the nurse that he is pursuing psychoanalysis with an independent therapist. What statement by the client would be most consistent with a Freudian approach to psychoanalysis?

"We're spending quite a bit of time exploring the themes in my dreams."

Cognitive techniques focus on the client's patterns of which type of thinking?

Automatic

The nurse explains to the client that extra television time will be awarded based on appropriate behavior during group therapy. Which theorist's concepts is the nurse utilizing?

B. F. Skinner's operant conditioning

A nurse demonstrates a sound understanding of the use of ego defense mechanisms by providing which explanation?

Can be either a therapeutic or a pathological way to manage stress

A nurse working in a psychiatric facility identifies the goal of cognitive therapy (CT) to be what?

Restructure how a person perceives events.

A nurse is leading a group. During the session, the nurse observes the members testing each other to see if they can trust each other. The nurse leader also notes that the members are testing the nurse, too. The nurse interprets this behavior as characteristic of which phase?

Beginning

The client's parents have begun a program of therapy that includes giving the client a token each time the client follows directions. Which theoretical framework provides the background for such a program?

Behavioral theory

The nurse has been asked to sit in and observe a support group for individuals who were once addicted to drugs. The nurse notices that one group member disagrees with statements made by all other group members. What role is this individual playing in the group?

Blocker

Ivan P. Pavlov is associated with the term ...

Classical conditioning

Client 1 has been talking to Client 2 about Client 2's frequent denial in the group for two weeks. On the third week, Client 2 comes late to the group. When they begin to discuss Client 2's lateness, Client 2 gets up and leaves. The content of this exchange is the discussion. The process that is occurring may be that ...

Client 2 is angry with Client 1 for the confrontation.

Which statement is inconsistent with the concept of milieu therapy, originally developed by Henry Stack Sullivan?

Clients work independently to solve day-to-day problems.

A nurse working on a psychiatric unit is helping clients to understand how individual perceptions determine a person's response or behavior in stressful situations. Which therapeutic approach is the nurse employing?

Cognitive therapy

The working stage of group therapy is marked by which characteristic?

Conflict and cooperation among group members.

A psychiatric nurse who was sexually assaulted by a tall, blonde man finds herself becoming severely anxious whenever a man with those characteristics is admitted to the unit. Which symptom is the nurse is exhibiting?

Countertransference

For Freud, the therapist's emotional reactions to the client based on personal unconscious needs and conflicts is termed ...

Countertransference

The nurse has a client who reminds the nurse of the nurse's sister, with whom the nurse has a close and positive relationship. This phenomenon is best characterized by which term?

Countertransference

Two staff nurses in a psychiatric emergency department are being considered for a promotion that will be announced via memo on a unit bulletin board. They work in a collaborative team environment, have been colleagues for 15 years, and socialize outside work. Nurse A hears from a third colleague that Nurse B was promoted. Nurse A goes into the staff coffee room and slams several cupboard doors. A custodian enters and remarks, "You seem pretty upset." Nurse A replies, "I am not at all upset." In this instance, Nurse A is probably using:

Denial

Which is one common mistake that people working in the helping professions do when applying theory to the therapeutic process?

Develop an overzealous commitment to one form of therapy, ignoring the benefits that other types of therapies may have for a given individual.

A client in a psychiatric clinic has a history of two distinct personality states. The client is also unable to remember important personal information. What is the client likely to be suffering from?

Dissociative identity disorder

Of the following, which is not typically applied to individual therapy?

Promoting cohesion

The psychiatrist states that repressed memories in the client's unconscious are causing depression. This reasoning implies that the psychiatrist uses which theory?

Psychoanalytic theory

The concept that irrational beliefs lead to negative emotions underlies which psychotherapeutic approach?

Rational emotive behavior therapy

The nurse is providing hygiene care for a 70-year-old client in a nursing home who states that the client does not like the physician. Later, when the physician enters the room, the nurse notes that the client is very friendly with the physician, complimenting the physician's care. Which defense mechanism is this client displaying?

Reaction-formation

A nurse has been working with a client who has a personality disorder and the nurse has recognized the potential for countertransference. How can the nurse best prevent this phenomenon?

Reflecting on the nurse's own thinking to identify times where the nurse may project individual feelings on to the client

Based on the theory of transference, if a client's childhood experiences teach the client to mistrust authority figures, the client will do what as an adult?

Resist advice given by the mental health care professionals

Which theorist developed the psychoanalytic theory?

Sigmund Freud

A parent is discussing a pediatric client with the nurse and states "My child doesn't seem to know right from wrong." The nurse explains to the parent that the pediatric client has not developed which personality part according to Sigmund Freud's theory?

Superego

The mental health nurse is helping a client learn more about the client's psychotropic medication. The nurse, in this instance, is functioning with which type of approach to nursing practice?

Teacher

The significance of the use of praise in the therapeutic relationship between the psychiatric nurse and the school-aged client is particularly important for which reason?

The client takes pleasure in individual accomplishments and develops confidence

A client is using cognitive therapy as an adjunct treatment for bipolar disorder. Which would be an overall goal for this client related to the use of cognitive therapy for this condition?

The client will engage in self-care independent of professional assistance.

A couple is going to marital counseling. During a session, the husband states that, after working long hours at the office, he just wants to come home and relax. He reports that his wife often "bombards" him with problems as soon as he settles down, which results in a prolonged argument. The wife admits that she does this, but states that she feels neglected and that her husband does not take the family problems seriously. She doesn't want her marriage to turn out like her parents' marriage. How would a behaviorist explain the wife's actions?

The long argument in which she and her husband participate positively reinforces her behavior.

A client asks the nurse to help the client understand what a psychologist meant when the psychologist said that the client displaced anger. Which is the best definition for displacement the nurse can provide?

Transferring feelings—such as frustration, hostility, or anxiety—from an idea, person, or object to one that is less threatening

The nursing theorist Peplau identified which as the essence of psychiatric-mental health nursing?

The nurse-client relationship

A client is undergoing individual psychotherapy. The client is yelling at the therapist because of a fight with the client's spouse about their children several years ago. In this instance, the client is exhibiting which response?

Transference

When a therapist is interviewing a client diagnosed with depression, the client's feelings toward the client's parents as a child are being directed at the therapist. This is an example of:

Transference

A group is trying to handle issues related to dominance, control, and power within the group. In what stage of group development is this group?

Working

The nurse is demonstrating countertransference with a client with which behavior?

relating to the client because the client resembles a favorite cousin

The nurse is caring for a group of clients and recognizes which client is acting from the id portion of personality according to Sigmund Freud?

the client who is sexually promiscuous