mental health ch 2 theories and therapies

How does Harry Stack Sullivan's Interpersonal Theory view anxiety?

A painful emotion arising from social insecurity. the purpose of all behavior is to get needs met through interpersonal interactions and decrease or avoid anxiety. He viewed anxiety as a key concept and defined it as any painful feeling or emotion arising from social insecurity or blocks to getting biological needs satisfied

systematic desensitization

A type of exposure therapy that associates a pleasant relaxed state with gradually increasing anxiety-triggering stimuli. Commonly used to treat phobias.

Using Maslow's model of needs, the nurse providing care for an anxious client identifies which intervention as being a priority?

Assessing the client for strengths upon which a nurse-client relationship can be based

Countertransference

Circumstances in which a psychoanalyst develops personal feelings about a client because of perceived similarity of the client to significant people in the therapist's life.

The nurse is working with a client experiencing depression stemming from low self-esteem. The client is distrustful of unit staff and "just wants to go home." Initially what is the nurse's priority?

Making the client feel physically and emotionally safe

FREUD, ERIKSON

PSYCHOANALALYTIC

Transference

Patient projects attributes onto doctor because they remind them of someone

Which nursing intervention demonstrates the theory behind operant conditioning?

Rewarding the client with a token for avoiding an argument with another client

A client states, "I will always be alone because nobody could ever love me." The nurse recognizes that the client is expressing what cognitive-behavioral concept?

Schema. Schemas are unique assumptions about ourselves, according to Beck's theory. Emotional consequence is the end result of negative thinking process, as described by Ellis

Which theorist is associated with behavioral therapy?

Skinner

Freud

revolutionary approach to MH with theory personality, structure & development, levels of awareness, anxiety, defense mechanisms nursing: consider root causes of suffering, attentive listening, value of talk sessions, transference, countertransference

aversion

strong dislike

SULLIVAN, PEPLAU

INTERPERSONAL

A cognitive distortion

allows you to restore balance mentally, without altering your behavior in any way

Ellis and Beck

cognitive

Consider both Sullivan's term security operations and Freud's term defense mechanisms. Which statement suggests that the client's specialized treatment goal has been successfully met?

"I'm experiencing much less anxiety about school now."

A cognitive therapist would help a client restructure the thought "I am stupid!" to which statement?

"What I did was stupid."

Role-playing is associated with which type of psychotherapy?

(Modeling ) the therapist provides a role model for specific identified behaviors, and the client learns through imitation

According to Freud, a client experiencing dysfunction of the conscious as part of the mind will have problems with which aspect of memory?

All memories. Freud described the conscious part of the mind as containing all of the material that the person is aware of at any one time and so as dysfunction of the conscious mind involves all memories

What is the premise underlying behavioral therapy?

Behavior is learned and can be modified. the premise underlying behavior therapy is that behavior is learned and can be modified. Behaviorists agree that behavior can be changed without insight into the underlying cause

Pavlov, Watson, Skinner

BEHAVIORAL

Which client problem would be most suited to the use of interpersonal therapy?

Dysfunctional grieving. Interpersonal therapy is considered to be effective in resolving problems of grief, role disputes, role transition, and interpersonal defici

Freud believed that individuals cope with anxiety by implementing which mechanism?

Defense mechanisms. The ego develops defenses or defense mechanisms to ward off anxiety by preventing conscious awareness of threatening feelings

The nurse is planning care for a 14-year-old. The nurse demonstrates an understanding of the developmental task appropriate for this client by providing which experience?

Encouraging them to talk about their school plans to help achieve identity. According to Erikson, the task of adolescence is to achieve identity rather than to be left in role confusion. A sense of identity is essential to making the transition into adulthood

The nurse providing anticipatory operant conditioning guidance to the mother of a toddler should advise that childhood temper tantrums are best handled by which intervention?

Ignoring the tantrum and giving attention when the child acts appropriately.

A nurse expresses an exclusive belief in the biological model for mental illness when stating "it's the only one I really believe." What conclusion should be drawn from this statement?

In believing only in the biological model, other influences on mental health including cultural, environmental, social, and spiritual influences are not taken into account.

A nurse is providing care to a 28-year-old patient diagnosed with bipolar disorder who was admitted in a manic state. According to Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs theory, the nurse should identify which patient symptom as having priority?

Lack of sleep . Based on Maslow's theory, physiological needs such as food, water, air, sleep, etc., are the priority and must be taken care of first.

The nurse is caring for an adult client who experienced severe physical abuse from the age of 2 through 12. What information should the nurse provide the client concerning the function of the "id" and the ability to function as an adult?

It is the source of one's survival instincts. At birth we are all id. The id is the source of all drives, instincts, reflexes, needs, genetic inheritance, and capacity to respond as well as all the wishes that motivate us. The id provides an individual with the instincts to survive the emotional trauma associated with physical abuse.

Biofeedback

a system for electronically recording, amplifying, and feeding back information regarding a subtle physiological state, such as blood pressure or muscle tension

operant conditioning

a type of learning in which behavior is strengthened if followed by a reinforcer or diminished if followed by a punisher

question to ask about Sullivan's interpersonal theory identifies as the most painful human condition

do you think of yourself as being lonely?