MG CH 13

Which of the following are part of the bed load? A. Sand B. Clay C. Ions D. Gravel

A. Sand D. Gravel

What is suspended load? A. The ions that travel along stream bed B. The fine-grained particles that travel in the water column above the stream bed C. The ions that travel in the water column above the stream bed D. The fine-grained particles that travel along the stream bed

B. The fin-grained particles that travel in the water column above the stream bed

What are the three types of loads carried by streams? A. Bed load, sliding load, rolling load B. Bed load, bouncing load, dissolved load C. Bed load, bouncing load, suspended load D. Sliding load, rolling load, bouncing load E. Bed load, suspended load, dissolved load

E. Bed load, suspended load, dissolved load

Which of the following statements about the global water supply is true? A. The loss of glaciers and ice sheets due to climate change will not have a large impact of global freshwater supply. B. Most of the global freshwater supply is easily accessible. C. Rivers are the most likely source of water for humans. D. A majority of the world's water is drinkable by humans. E. Decreased precipitation could impact water supply available for humans.

E. Decreased precipitation could impact water supply available for humans.

When the local gradient of a stream changes as it goes from a mountainous area to a large flat-lying area, which of the following features could form? A. An alluvial fan B. A delta C. A floodplain D. A point bar E. A meander scar

A. An alluvial fan

How can pieces of rock in contact with a stream bed move? A. Rolling, sliding, bouncing B. Rolling, sliding, dissolution C. Rolling, sliding, suspension D. Bouncing, suspension, twisting E. Bouncing, sliding, dissolution

A. Rolling, sliding, bouncing

Which processes result in the widening of the floodplain of a meandering stream? A. Undercutting and lateral erosion B. Lateral erosion and oxbow lake formation C. Downcutting and lateral erosion D. Undercutting and downcutting E. Oxbow lake formation and undercutting

A. Undercutting and lateral erosion

While working in the field, you come upon a stream that flows in a very deep V-shaped valley. Regarding the history of this stream, which of the following statements is most likely true? A. The valley has undergone extensive lateral erosion. B. Numerous oxbow lakes occur in the vicinity. C. The stream is relatively young. D. Sea level has gone up recently. E. The stream is very old.

C. The stream is relatively young.

Which of the following is the primary step that allows water to enter the groundwater system? A. Evaporation B. Precipitation C. Runoff D. Infiltration

D. Infiltration

Complete this analogy: Sliding is to gravel as dissolution is to ___. A. Clay B. Gravel C. Sand D. Ions

D. Ions

Which of the following features would you expect to find on the outside bank of a stream meander loop? A. An oxbow lake B. A very gentle slope C. A cut bank D. A point bar E. A yazoo tributary

C. A cut bank

What is an oxbow lake? A. A lake formed after flooding caused a meander to break away from an original stream channel B. A lake formed after flooding caused water to overflow an original stream channel C. A meander that has been cut off from the original stream channel D. A meander that is being reintegrated into the original stream channel

C. A meander that has been cut off from the original stream channel

What is a natural levee? A. A ridge of flood deposits far from a river channel B. A ridge of flood deposits next to a river channel C. A ridge of flood deposits at the mouth of a river channel D. A plain of flood deposits next to a river channel

B. A ridge of flood deposits next to a river channel

Where do deposition and erosion of material occur along a meander? A. Erosion occurs on the inside of the meander, whereas deposition occurs on the outside. B. Deposition occurs on the inside of the meander, whereas erosion occurs on the outside. C. Deposition occurs on the inside of the meander, whereas erosion occurs in the middle. D. Erosion occurs in the middle of the meander, whereas deposition occurs on the outside.

B. Deposition occurs on the inside of the meander, whereas erosion occurs on the outside.

What is the dominant fluvial process in a clear, sediment-poor stream moving down a steep slope? A. Downslope flow B. Downcutting C. Oxbow lake formation D. Channel migration

B. Downcutting

Stream terraces form as teh result of which of the following processes? A. Extreme meandering as the land subsides leads to the development of stream terraces. B. Downcutting following the rise of the landscape produces stream terraces. C. Downcutting associated with a rise in sea level produces stream terraces. D. Extremely rapid downcutting associated with a drop in sea level produces stream terraces. E. The formation of meander scars leads to the development of stream terraces.

B. Downcutting following the rise of the landscape produces stream terraces.

Which of the following statements about drainage basins is FALSE? A. A trunk stream for one drainage basin can be a tributary for a larger drainage basin. B. Drainage basins only contain one river. C. Water falling on opposite sides of a divide will flow in different directions. D. All water leaves a drainage basin through one river.

B. Drainage basins only contain one river.

In a delta, sedimentary layers deposited under circumstances that appear to violate the Principle of Original Horizontality are found in which of the following circumstances? a. Topset beds B. Foreset beds C. Bottomset beds D. Backswamps E. Oxbow lakes

B. Foreset beds

Water falling in Illinois would ultimately end up where? A. Pacific Ocean B. Gulf of Mexico C. Lake Michigan D. Atlantic Ocean

B. Gulf of Mexico

Which of the following statements accurately describe the erosional processes of meanders that are incising and meanders that are in equilibrium? Choose all that apply. A. Meanders in equilibrium erode primarily by downcutting. B. Meanders in equilibrium erode primarily in a side-to-side manner. C. Incising meanders erode primarily in a side-to-side manner. D. Incising meanders erode primarily by downcutting.

B. Meanders in equilibrium erode primarily in a side-to-side manner. D. Incising meanders erode primarily by downcutting.

How does the formation of a natural levee impact flooding? A. Natural levees lower the height of the stream channel, increasing the amount of flooding that will occur on the floodplain. B. Natural levees raise the height of the stream channel, reducing the amount of flooding that will occur on the floodplain. C. Natural levees raise the height of the stream channel, increasing the amount of flooding tha will occur on the floodplain. D. Natural levees lower the height of the stream channel, reducing the amount of flooding that will occur on the floodplain.

B. Natural levees raise the height of the stream channel, reducing the amount of flooding that will occur on the floodplain.

Which of the following is likely to occur to an incised meander after it reaches equilibrium with its new base level? A. The incised meander will fill its canyon with sediment. B. The incised meander will cause only minor erosion of the canyon walls. C. The incised meander will erode the canyon walls to form a flat plane at the new base level. D. The incised meander will continue to downcut.

B. The incised meander will cause only minor erosion of the canyon walls.

What type of stream is associated with the formation of an oxbow lake? A. Curvy stream B. Straight stream C. Meandering stream D. Braided stream

C. Meandering stream

How are oxbow lakes formed? A. Oxbow lakes form when one meander deposits into another, cutting off water to part of the stream channel B. Oxbow lakes form when one meander floods into another, cutting off water to part of the stream channel C. Oxbow lakes form when one meander erodes into another, cutting off water to part of the stream channel D. Oxbow lakes form when one meander is faulted into another, cutting off water to part of the stream channel.

C. Oxbow lakes form when one meander erodes into another, cutting off water to part of the stream channel

What causes meandering streams to downcut and become incised meanders? A. The stream flows over soft sediment B. Stream velocity increases C. Uplift of the land the stream is flowing on D. Sea level rise

C. Uplift of the land the stream is flowing on

What is a floodplain? A. A flat surface above a river channel B. A wavy surface above a river channel C. A flat surface below a river channel D. A flat surface next to a river channel E. A wavy surface next to a river channel

D. A flat surface next to a river channel

What is a meander scar? A. A landscape feature of a meandering stream channel formed after an oxbow lake dries up B. A landscape feature formed when an oxbow lake is formed C. A landscape feature of a meandering stream channel formed when an oxbow lake is formed D. A landscape feature formed after an oxbow lake dries up.

D. A landscape feature formed after an oxbow lake dries up.

Complete this analogy: Bouncing is to sand as suspension is to ___. A. Ions B. Gravel C. Sand D. Clay

D. Clay