MGMT CHAPTER 1, 2, 3, 4 Quizzes
What are the 2 main systems?
-closed -open
The Hawthorne studies demonstrated that?
-workers feelings and attitudes affect their work that -financial incentives aren't necessarily the most important motivator for workers -that group norms and behavior play a critical role in behavior at work.
Who was the father of scientific management?
Frederick W. Taylor
Graphically indicates when a series of tasks must be completed in order to complete a job or project
Gantt Chart
Henry Gantt is best known for the?
Gantt Chart
Unverferth, a farm equipment manufactorer, is able to produce parts for its new 12-row subsoiler, even without examining parts that were previously made. This is possible thanks to the work of ___________ .
Gaspard Monge
(Chapter 1-Chapter Review) Describe what management is.
Good management is working through others to accomplish tasks that help fulfill organizational objectives as efficiently as possible
Why does good management matter?
Good management leads to satisfied employees who, in turn, provide better service to customers. -since employees tend to treat customers the same way that their managers treat them , good management can improve customer satisfaction
Elton Mayo is best known for his role in the __________ at the Western Electric Company.
Hawthorne studies
Who has more than 20 years of experience as a CEO
Henri Fayol
Who is known for the 14 principles of management?
Henri Fayol
Studies show that performing the management function well leads to?
better managerial performance
can function without interacting with their environments
closed systems
Ethical Intensity is high when?
decisions have large, certain, immediate consequences.
Conforms to a society's accepted principles of right and wrong
ethical behavior
According to the shareholder model, a company's only social responsibility is to?
maximize shareholder wealth by maximizing company profits.
identifying and addressing customer needs, trends, and issues before they occur
proactive customer monitoring
Managers scan the environment to reduce?
uncertainty
Mr. Hundert tells Sedgwick that he will one day regret cheating because he will be confronted by a life lived without virtue or principle. Which stage of moral development does his statement reflect?
universal principle
___________are equally important at all levels of management.
Human skills
responsible for setting objective consistent with top management's goals and for planning and implementing subunit strategies for achieving these objectives (ex-General manager, Regional Manager, Divisional Manager)
Middle Managers
According to leaders at Camp Bow Wow, Heidi Ganahl's life story helps to ________ individuals throughout the organization.
Motivate
Max Weber thought that bureaucracy would?
accomplish organizational goals much more efficiently than monarchies and patriarchies/
(Chapter 4) Based on clip shown from The Emeror's club, if Mr. Hundert was to set up an ethical climate at his school, what is the first thing that he should do?
act ethically himself
Concerned citizens who band together to try to influence the business practices of specific industries, businesses, and professions
advocacy groups
Taylor believed these principles could be used to?
align managers and employees by determining a fair day's work and a fair days pay
Searching the environment for important events or issues that might affect an organization
environmental scanning
The degree of concern people have about an ethical issue
ethical intensity
________ managers train and supervise non managerial employees and are responsible for production of the company's product or service
First-line
___________are responsible for managing the performance of non managerial employees, teaching entry-level employees how to do their jobs, and making detailed schedules and operating plans based on middle management's intermediate-range plans.
First-line managers
The degree of concern people have about an ethical issue is known as __________.
ethical intensity
Management need to be active in and committed to the?
ethics program.
what management should pay workers for that effort
fair day's pay
what an average worker can produce at a reasonable pace
fair day's work
When managers identify environmental events as opportunities, they?
formulate alternatives for taking advantage of them to improve company performance.
A _______ provides a favorable environment for business growth.
growing economy
A company facing a simple environment would:
have few external factors in the environment that affect it
Who is known for developing the 5 management functions?
Henri Fayol
Who created the 4 functions of Management?
Henry Fayol
Who developed ideas regarding worker training, specifically, that all workers should be trained and their managers should be rewarded for training them?
Henry Gantt
the only social responsibility that businesses have is to maximize profits
shareholder model
Sumerian businessmen used_______to calculate qualities of grain and livestock
small clay tokens
a business's obligation to pursue policies, make decisions, and take actions that benefit society
social responsibility
It usually does pay to be________.
socially responsible
There is no tradeoff between being_______ and _________.
socially responsible; economic performance
slow rate of change
stable
management's most important responsibility is not just maximizing profits, but the firm's long term-survival.
stakeholder model
smaller systems within a larger system
subsystems
companies that provide material, human, financial, and informational resources to other companies
suppliers
occurs when two or more subsystems working together can produce more than they can working apart
synergy
A _______ is a set of interrelated elements or parts (subsystems) that function as a whole.
system
a set of interrelated elements or parts that function as a whole
system
When managers identify environmental events threats, they?
take steps to protect their companies from harm
__________are responsible for facilitating team performance, fostering good relationships among team members, and managing external relationships
team leaders
An accountant with_______skill can create a budget, compare/contrast the budget to the income statement, and reveal unnecessary expenses
technical
An umbrella term for the knowledge, tools, and techniques used to transform inputs into outputs
technology
(Chapter 1) For discussion board posts, the expectation is__________.
that students login multiple times each week, provide a quality and in-depth response to the initial discussion question, and engage in dialogue with other students on the discussion board related to the topic of interest
All of the following are examples of a stakeholder group that an organization must satisfy to assure long-term survival, except __________.
the media
Traditional college students who think about their parents' and grandparents' reactions to their decisions before putting the decision into action are more than likely operating according to which principle of ethical decision making?
the principle of personal virtue
Barnard argued that people will be indifferent to managerial directives or orders if they?
(1) are understood (2) are consistent with the purpose of the organization (3) are compatible with the people's person interests (4)can actually be carried out by those people
Environmental Complexity
(Simple) (complex) few environmental factors that affect organizations many environmental factors that affect organizations
What are influences on Ethical Decision Making?
-Ethical Intensity -Moral Development -Ethical Principles
What are all the managerial roles?
-Figurehead role -Leader role -liaison role -monitor -disseminator -spokesperson -entrepreneur -disturbance handler -resource allocator -negotiator
Henry Fayol's Key Principles of Management?
-Scalar chain -Unity of Command -Unity of direction
To whom are organizations socially responsible?
-Shareholder model -stakeholder model
What does Kohlberg's stages of moral development include for conventional level?
-Stage 3 (good boy, nice girl) -Stage 4 (law and order)
What does Kohlberg's stages of moral development include for postconventional level?
-Stage 5 (social contract) -Stage 6 (universal principle)
the number and intensity of factors in the external environment
environmental complexity
Ways to change organizational culture?
-behavioral addition -behavioral substitution -change visible artifacts -hiring people with values and beliefs consistent with desired cultures
What are the 5 components of the specific environment?
-customers -competitors -suppliers -industry regulations -advocacy groups
Describe the Sociocultural component
-demographic characteristics -general behavior, attitudes, and beliefs of people in a particular society
What are the objectives of ethics training?
-develop employees' awareness of ethics -achieve credibility with employees -teach employees a practical mode of ethical decision making
Of the 3 ways of dealing with conflict- ______, _______, and ______ - she argued that the latter was the best because it focuses on developing creative methods for meeting conflicting parties needs.
-domination -compromise -integration
For what are organizations socially responsible?
-economic -legal -ethical -discretionary
What are the basic components of external environment?
-environmental change -environmental complexity -resource scarcity
The need for management started from?
-families to factories -skilled laborers to specialized -small, self-organized group to large factories employing thousands -unique, small batches of production to standardized mass production
companies that practice good management consistently have?
-greater sales revenues -greater profits -greater stock market performance
What are some of the most important technologies that have revolutionized information management?
-invention of pulp for paper and the printing press (14th and 15th century) -the manual typewriter (1850) -the telephone (1880s) -the personal computer (1980s) -the internet (1990s)
(Explain what companies look for in managers) Managers need to have....
-knowledge and ability to get job done (technical skills) -able to work effectively in groups -good listeners & communicators (human skills) -able to assess the relationships between the different parts of their companies and the external environment and position their companies for success (conceptual skills) -Want to assume positions of leadership and power (motivation to manage)
Managers can use a number of different principles when making ethical decisions. What are they?
-long-term self interest -personal virtue -religious injunctions -government requirements -utilitarian benefits -individual rights -distributive justice
Ethical intensity includes?
-magnitude of consequences -social consensus -probability of effect -temporal immediacy -proximity of effect -concentration of effect
What are some of the most important historical events in operations management?
-manufacture of standardized, interchangeable parts -the graphical and computerized design of parts -the accidental discovery of just-in-time inventory systems
Organizational culture is sustained by?
-organizational stories -organizational heroes
Examples of advocacy groups
-public communication -media advocacy -product boycott
Social Responsiveness Strategies
-reactive -defensive -accommodative -proactive
Organizational cultures are often created by company founders and then sustained through?
-repetition of organizational stories -recognition of organizational heroes
What does Kohlberg's stages of moral development include for pre conventional level?
-stage 1 (punishment and obedience) -stage 2 (instrumental exchange)
What are the 3 factors of Systems management?
-system -subsystems -synergy
Explain what companies look for in managers (short)
-technical skills -human skills -conceptual skills -motivation to manage
What are the 3 factors that influence ethical decisions
-the ethical intensity of the decision -the moral development of the manager -the ethical principles used to solve the problem
Why do managers scan their environments?
-to keep up to date on factors influencing their industries -to reduce uncertainty -to detect potential problems
What are the 5 management functions?
1- Planning 2-Organizing 3-coordinating 4-commanding 5-controlling
What are the four scientific management principles
1- Study each element of work to determine the one best way to do it. 2-Scientifically select, train, teach, and develop workers to reach their full potential 3-Cooperate with employees to ensure that the scientific principles are implemented 4-Divide the work and the responsibility equally between management and workers.
What are the 7 elements of Bureaucracy?
1- qualification-based hiring 2-merit-based promotion 3-chain of command 4-division of labor 5-impartial application of rules and procedures 6-recording rules, procedures, and decisions in writing 7- Separating managers from owners
Compliance Program Steps from the U.S Sentencing Commission Guidelines for Organizations
1-Establish 2-Assign 3-Delegate 4-Encourage 5-Train 6-Enforce 7-Improve
What are the 3 levels of Organizational culture?
1-Surface level 2-just below the surface 3-deep below the surface
What are the 14 principles of management?
1-division of work 2-authority and responsibility 3-discipline 4-unity of command 5-unity of direction 6-subordination of individual interests to the general interest 7-remuneration 8-centralization 9-scalar chain 10-order 11-equity 12-stability of tenure of personnel 13-initiative 14-esprite de corps
What is the 3-step process managers use to make sense of external environments?
1-environmental scanning 2-interpreting information 3-acting on threats or opportunities
A basic model of ethical decision making
1-identify the problem 2-identidfy the constituents 3-diagnose the situation 4-analyze your options 5-make your choice 6-act
What are the 4 functions of Management?
1.) Planning 2.) Organizing 3.) Leading 4.) Controlling
What are the 4 different kinds of Managers?
1.) Top Managers 2.) Middle Managers 3.) First-Line Managers 4.) Team Leaders
(Chapter 2 Review) Management as a field of study is just_______years old.
125
Management ideas and practices have been used since?
5000 BCE.
The earliest recorded instance of information management dates to?
Ancient Sumer (modern Iraq)
__________ are often inefficient and can be highly resistance to change.
Bureaucracies
Running organizations on the basis of knowledge, fairness, and logical rules and procedures
Bureaucracy
The exercise of control on the basis of knowledge, expertise, or experience
Bureaucracy
Around the time management theorists developed the scientific management principles in the United States, Max Weber was busy in Europe developing:
Bureaucratic management
_________ can help companies provide better products or produce their products more efficiently.
Changes in technology
(Chapter 2) Based on the video of Barcelona Restaurant Group, the leaders of this organization believe success depends on having employees who are self-starters, have high confidence, are willing, and are empowered. This idea is most associated to which of the following:
Constructive Conflict and Coordination
monitoring progress toward goal achievement and taking corrective action when needed
Controlling
the informational role managers play when they share info with others in the departments or companies
Disseminator Role
One of the leaders of Barcelona, Scott Lawton, suggests that job satisfaction comes from each of the following sources, except:
Earning financial rewards
the decisional role managers play when they adapt themselves, their subordinates, and their units to change
Entrepreneur Role
The rate at which a company's general and specific environments change what are the 2?
Environmental change -stable -dynamic
________ means not violating accepted principles of right and wrong when doing business.
Ethical responsibility
train and supervise the performance of non managerial employees who are directly responsible for producing the company's products or services (ex-Office Manager, Department Manager)
First-Line Managers
inspiring and motivating workers to work hard to achieve organizational goals
Leading
the interpersonal role mangers play when they deal with people outside their units
Liaison Role
Unlike most people who view conflict as bad, __________ believed that is should be embraced rather than avoided.
Mary Parker Follett
Which of the following management theorists helped develop human relations management?
Mary Parket Follett
Who is most associated with Bureaucratic management?
Max Weber
__________ uses a quantitative or mathematical approach to find ways to increase productivity, improve quality, and manage or reduce costly inventories.
Operations Management
Based on the Camp Bow Wow video, Heidi Ganahl's personal example of triumph over tragedy should be expected to have a strong impact on the company's _________.
Organizational Culture
__________ affect environmental scanning
Organizational strategies
deciding where decisions will be made, who will do what jobs and tasks, and who will work for whom
Organizing
determining organizational goals and a means for achieving them
Planning
The legislation, regulations, and court decisions that govern and regulate business behavior
Political/legal component
At the _______ level, decisions are made for selfish reasons.
Pre-conventional
What are the 3 levels of moral development?
Pre-conventional level Conventional level Post-conventional level
Of the following, which would be considered to be a component of Volkswagen's specific environment and have a direct influence on how the company conducts its business?
Renault, a french car maker
Based on the video, the owner of Barcelona Restaurant Group, Andy Pforzheimer, suggests many restaurant companies have highly regulated work rules that control almost every aspect of employee behavior in order to find the most efficient way to do a job. This management approach is characteristic of:
Scientific Management
_________ involves studying and testing different work methods to identify the best, most efficient way to complete a job.
Scientific Management
____________ is a business's obligation to benefit society.
Social responsibility
A company's strategy for responding to stakeholders' expectations concerning economic, legal, ethical, or discretionary responsibility
Social responsiveness
managers responsible for facilitating team activities toward goal accomplishment
Team Leaders
__________are most important for team leaders and lower-level managers
Technical skills
At Camp Bow Wow, all employees, franchisees, and recruits learn the inspirational story of how Heidi Ganahl founded the doggie day care company. This is important because:
The story helps convey Camp Bow Wow's shared values, attitudes, beliefs, and mission
________are responsible for creating a context for change, developing attitudes of commitment and ownership, creating a positive organizational culture through words and actions, and monitoring their companies' business environment.
Top Managers
executives responsible for the overall direction of the organization (ex-CEO, Vice President, CFO)
Top Managers
The ______ stipulated that organizations can be prosecuted and punished for the illegal or unethical behaviors of its employees, even if managers were not aware of the unethical actions.
U.S Sentencing Commission Guidelines
The extent to which managers can understand or predict the external changes and trends affecting their business
Uncertainty
The video discusses various things that help shape people's perceptions of Camp Bow Wow, such as web sites, logos, and shirts. These are known as ___________.
Visible Artifacts
the rate of variation in a company's general and specific environments
environmental change
Using _______ can help managers visually summarize the relationships between environmental factors and the actions they might take to deal with them.
cognitive maps
Primary source of organizational culture is the?
company founder
a process of monitoring the competition that involves identifying competition, anticipating their moves, and determining their strengths and weaknesses
competitive analysis
companies in the same industry that sell similar products or services
competitors
As managers rise through the manaerial ranks, which of the following skills increase in importance?
conceptual skills and the motivation to manage
__________ and __________increase in importance as managers rise through the managerial ranks
conceptual skills; motivation to manage
The most effective management theory or idea depends on the kinds of problems or situations that managers or organizations are facing at a particular time.
contingency approach
The________ to management clearly states that there is no universal management theories.
contingency approach
Leaders of the Barcelona Restaurant believe employees can the organization's goals using a variety of approaches, tasks, and decisions, based on the current situation at hand. This perspective is consistent with:
contingency perspective on management
When a manager is monitoring progress toward achieving a goal and taking corrective action when needed, they are engaged in which function of management?
controlling
At the______ level, decisions conform to societal expectations.
conventional
Based on Kohlberg's moral development model, people make decisions that conform to societal expectations at the ________ level.
conventional
In fulfilling_________, managers act a entrepreneurs by adapting their units to change, as disturbance handlers by responding to larger problems that demand immediate action, as resource allocators by deciding resource recipients and amounts, and as negotiators by bargaining with others about schedules, projects, goals, outcomes, and resources.
decisional roles
In some situations, a manager achieves great success early in their career, and then falters by the time they reach the middle or upper management levels. These type of manager is referred to as a(n)______.
derailer
________ are social responsibilities beyond basic economic, legal, and ethical responsibilities.
discretionary responsibilities
fast rate of change
dynamic
Companies can best benefit their stakeholders by fulfilling their_____, ______, ______, and ________ responsibilities.
economic legal ethical discretionary
Being profitable, or meeting its _________, is a business's most basic social responsibility.
economic responsibility
Based on Chapter 1, a manager who is able to get more work done with a minimum effort is increasing organizational________.
efficiency
One of the key factors having an influence on the relationship between companies and their suppliers is __________.
how dependent they are on each other
Frank Gilbreth used motion picture films and micro chronometers to conduct motion studies to?
improve efficiency by eliminating unnecessary or repetitive motions
Taylor believed that_______were one of the best ways to align management and employees
incentives
In performing__________, managers act as monitors by scanning their environment for information, as disseminators by sharing information with others in their companies, and as spokespeople by sharing information with people outside their departments or companies.
informational roles
A company must communicates its code of ethics where?
inside and outside the company
By contrast, Sedgwick says that he will always believe he made the right choice in cheating because people do what they need to do to get what they want. Which stage of moral development does his statement reflect?
instrumental exchange
In fulfilling_________, managers act as figureheads by performing ceremonial duties, as leaders by motivating and encouraging workers, and as liaisons by dealing with people outside their units.
interpersonal roles
Managers perform_______, __________, and ______ roles in their jobs.
interpersonal; informational; decisional
Based on information in your book, the Gantt chart:
is a chart that shows when and where tasks need to be completed so that a job can be completed in a timely fashion
Technology is the __________ used to transform inputs (raw materials, information, etc.) into outputs (goods or services).
knowledge, tools, and techniques
______ consists of following a society's laws and regulations.
legal responsibility
As the rate of environmental change increases, as the environment becomes more complex, and as resources become more scarce, managers become?
less confident that they can understand, predict, and effectively react to the trends affecting their business.
_________are responsible for planning and allocating resources, coordinating and linking groups and departments, monitoring and managing the performance of subunits and managers, and implementing the changes or strategies generated by top managers.
middle managers
Behavioral addition and substitution can be used by managers to _____________.
modify corporate culture
Frank and Lillian Gilbreth are best known for their use of _______ to simplify work.
motion studies
Companies do not want_________. They want mangers with a__________.
one-dimensional managers; balance of skills
Nearly all organizations should be viewed as ______ that interact with their environments and depend on them for survival.
open systems
interact with their environments and depend on them for survival
open systems
When on party benefits at the expense of another
opportunistic behavior
managers consider strategic alternatives for taking advantage of those events to improve performance__________.
opportunity
The __________ is the set of key values, beliefs, and attitudes shared by organizational members.
organizational culture
_________ is key to fostering ethical decision making.
organizational culture
_________ is the set of key values, beliefs, and attitudes shared by members of an organization
organizational culture
Environmental scanning contributes to?
organizational performance
At the ________ level, internalized principles are used to make ethical decisions
post-conventional
Many managers are unaware of the_________ associated with traditional managerial decisions like recruiting, hiring, and firing employees.
potential legal risks
Management must develop __________ and ________ specific to the company's line of business.
practical ethical standards; procedures
There is no guarantee that socially responsible companies will be?
profitable
Identifying and addressing customer trends and problems after they occur
reactive customer monitoring
focuses on establishing a mutually beneficial, long term relationship between buyers and sellers
relationship behavior
Encourage managers and employees to?
report ethical violations (whistleblowing)
The abundance or shortage of critical resources in an organization's external environment
resource scarcity
the abundance or shortage of critical resources in the external environment
resource scarcity
Workplace deviance can be categorized by how deviant the behavior is and:
the target of the deviant behavior
Managers typically take steps to protect the company from further harm
threat
Taylor used ______ to determine a fair day's work based on how long it took a "first-class man" to complete each part of his job.
time study
The intended goal of scientific management was:
to find the one best way to perform each task
After six months as a manager, new managers typically believe their job is______.
to solve problems for subordinates
Although we can find the seeds of many of todays management ideas throughout history, not until the last_________did systematic changes in the nature of work and organizations create a compelling need for managers
two centuries
deep below the surface
where unconsciously held assumptions and beliefs exist
just below the surface level
where values and beliefs are expressed
surface level
where visible artifacts and behaviors can be observed
Chester Barnard emphasized the critical importance of?
willing cooperation in organizations
Well managed companies are competitive because their?
work forces are -smarter -better trained -more motivated -more committed
unethical behavior that violates organizational norms about right and wrong
workplace deviance
