MGMT Exam 3

38) Which of the following is true of Lewin's concept of refreezing as the third phase of the change process? A) The new state should not allow reversal. B) The new state should be static. C) The new state should not be monitored. D) The new state should not be adjusted.

A) The new state should not allow reversal.

17) Proponents of the balanced scorecard approach to control assert that it ________. A) links measures of organizational success more closely to strategic objectives B) simplifies the design and implementation of control measures C) takes a retroactive approach to designing organizational controls D) focuses on financial ratios and budgetary controls in order to improve profits

A) links measures of organizational success more closely to strategic objectives

Firms can create a competitive advantage when human resources are ________ A. rare imitable unorganized submissive.

A. rare

Retail managers can use ________ to determine which inventory items require the most attention. EOQ modeling CPS scheduling Breakeven analysis ABC analysis

ABC analysis

Which of the following is true about exporting goods? Exporting is not a popular entry strategy because of its high risks and capital requirements. Exporting requires establishing operations in the country and a large capital investment. An export strategy most likely provides big returns because of shared costs with local firms. An exporting firm must establish a means of marketing and distributing its goods within the country.

An exporting firm must establish a means of marketing and distributing its goods within the country.

Broman Group Inc. designs, manufactures, and sells consumer product dispensing systems. Jim Cole is a plant supervisor at one of the manufacturing plants of the company. He observes a dip in the performance of a worker in his team. Jim informs the employee that he will release his annual increment only if his performance improves significantly in the coming months. Which of the following is most similar to the situation mentioned here? Aston, the supervisor of a small organizational team, assigns inconvenient shifts to those employees who do not agree with his policies. Arthur, the CEO of a leading book retailer in the southeastern United States, decides to reduce the salaries of its employees due to a financial slowdown. Anderson, an operations manager, uses his formal authority to persuade the employees to put in additional hours of work every day. Andrea, the CEO of a design software and service company, asks for a formal explanation from the managers for the company's poor financial performance.

Aston, the supervisor of a small organizational team, assigns inconvenient shifts to those employees who do not agree with his policies.

36) The current sales price of a product is $25 per unit and the variable cost is $17 per unit. Fixed costs for manufacturing the product are $40,000. The break-even point is __________ units. A) 8,000 B) 5,000 C) 2,000 D) 1,000

B) 5,000

5) ________ involves manufacturing products in a firm's home country and shipping them to a foreign market. A) Importing B) Exporting C) Outsourcing D) Strategic marketing

B) Exporting

20) Traditionally, manufacturers waited until they received reports from quality control personnel to check the rate of defective products and then decide whether those rates were too high in order to take action for future operations. This system is a part of ________ control. A) feedforward B) Feedback C) Concurrent D) yes-no

B) Feedback

6) ________ are cooperative arrangements between two firms in which they agree to share resources to accomplish mutually desirable goals for a predetermined period of time, say, 5 years. A) Strategic alliances B) Licensing arrangements C) joint venture D) Wholly-owned subsidiaries

B) Licensing arrangements WRONG RIGHT A) Strategic alliances

12) Which of the following is a reason for involving in decision making the people who are going to be affected by its results? A) The decision-making process will not be partial or biased toward anyone. B) They will be more committed to meeting standards that they themselves have created. C) The degree of difficulty will neither be too difficult nor too ambitious. D) They will be more accepting of losses and failures if they are involved from the start.

B) They will be more committed to meeting standards that they themselves have created.

35) As a reason for resistance to change, the term inertia means ________. A) lacking adequate information about the need for change B) being comfortable with the present way of doing things C) mistrusting those who are communicating the need for change D) refusing to believe that change is necessary or helpful

B) being comfortable with the present way of doing things

39) According to the force field analysis, equilibrium occurs when ________ of change are balanced with ________ of change resulting in a relatively steady state. A) external forces; internal forces B) driving forces; restraining forces C) maintenance forces; corrective forces D) demographic forces; societal forces

B) driving forces; restraining forces

13) In which of the following cases is the need for change the least? A) when the difference between performance and standard is negative B) when the difference between performance and standard is positive C) No difference exists between performance and standard. D) There is no well-defined standard to measure performance by.

B) when the difference between performance and standard is positive WRONG RIGHT C) No difference exists between performance and standard.

19) Which of the following statements is true of break-even point? A) It cannot be used for control purposes in business organizations. B) It can be reached by selling very few units if the fixed costs are high. C) It is calculated as the ratio of the total fixed costs to the contribution margin of a unit. D) It helps managers exercise control after the product has been created and is ready for marketing.

C) It is calculated as the ratio of the total fixed costs to the contribution margin of a unit.

7) Which of the following is true for a globally focused organization? A) Managers can tailor strategies to local market conditions and demands. B) It allows a subsidiary to react quickly to changes in the marketplace. C) They attempt to market a relatively standardized product across geographic markets. D) It strives to be simultaneously centralized and decentralized.

C) They attempt to market a relatively standardized product across geographic markets.

4) People who live in countries that score high on individual orientations tend to ________. A) value collective decisions B) emphasize group membership C) emphasize and reward individual achievement D) exhibit emotional dependence on organizations

C) emphasize and reward individual achievement

33) Generally, when a company institutes a change to counter that of a rival company, it is making a change in its ________. A) structure B) staffing C) strategy D) systems

C) strategy

8) Which of the following is true for organizations that are transnational in nature? A) These organizations attempt to market a standardized product across geographic markets. B) Subsidiaries of transnational organizations cannot respond to changes in customers' needs in the local market. C) This approach can be expensive for the company because it cannot achieve economies of scale. D) Its goal is to achieve global efficiency while maintaining local market responsiveness.

D) Its goal is to achieve global efficiency while maintaining local market responsiveness.

16) Department A shows an annual after-tax profit of $400,000 from invested assets of $12 million. Department B shows an annual after-tax profit of $400,000 from invested assets of $8 million. Which unit had the best financial performance? A) Department A performed the best. B) Department B performed the best. C) Both departments had the same financial performance. D) Performance cannot be determined from these statistics.

D) Performance cannot be determined from these statistics. WRONG RIGHT B) Department B performed the best.

14) High-performing employees in an organization can be retained by ________. A) close monitoring B) increased workload C) increased feedback D) increased recognition

D) increased recognition

34) Within the context of organizational change, which of the following practices focus on shared values and culture? A) replacing batching with continuous-flow manufacturing B) encouraging cooperation through a cross-training program C) changing from a niche market to a general market approach D) instituting participatory decision making throughout the organization

D) instituting participatory decision making throughout the organization

15) What determines whether a control is considered operational, tactical, or strategic? A) its breadth of scope B) its industry C) its effect on profitability D) its implementation schedule

D) its implementation schedule WRONG RIGHT A) its breadth of scope

18) The ratio of return on investment (ROI) measures the profitability of a business unit by comparing ________ to ________. A) activity; sales B) liquidity; liability C) inventory cost; inventory turnover D) net profit before taxes; total assets invested

D) net profit before taxes; total assets invested

9) In high-context cultures, the situation has a ________ influence on what is considered appropriate behavior. A) minimal B) marginal C) negligible D) significant

D) significant

37) A sales manager announces that all weekly sales reports must be submitted via e-mail, rather than hardcopy. However, some of the veteran staff members are still putting their reports in the manager's office mailbox. Which of the following would be the least effective way of winning over those who are resistant to this change? A) providing all required hardware, software, and training B) explaining how electronic submissions save time, paperwork, and money C) praising staff when they successfully submit their reports electronically D) stressing that younger staff members have no problem e-mailing their reports

D) stressing that younger staff members have no problem e-mailing their reports

________ refers to the flow of goods and services, capital, knowledge and cultures across country borders. Globality Globalization Repatriation Internationalization

Globalization

Within the context of organizational change, which of the following practices focus on shared values and culture? Replacing batching with continuous-flow manufacturing. Encouraging cooperation through a cross-training program. Changing from a niche market to a general market approach. Instituting participatory decision making throughout the organization

Instituting participatory decision making throughout the organization

Which one of the following people is LEAST LIKELY to experience the problem of the 'Glass Ceiling.' Elizabeth Blackburn, a white female graduate student at UMass in the STEM field. Kuldhir Bhati, a young male immigrant from a predominantly Muslim country. LaToya Duvallier, a recent African America college graduate with high aspirations in Accounting. Paul Jenkins, white male MBA student with aspirations to becoming the CEO of a Fortune 500 firm.

Paul Jenkins, white male MBA student with aspirations to becoming the CEO of a Fortune 500 firm.

Which of the following is true for the dimensions of national culture? Power distance is a measure of the extent to which a group has power and status differences. Citizens in nations high in uncertainty avoidance prefer to have fewer rules. Countries emphasizing masculine traits value activities that lead to success, money, and possessions. Individualism is the extent to which a person's identity is a function of the group(s) to which the person belongs.

Power distance is a measure of the extent to which a group has power and status differences. WRONG RIGHT Citizens in nations high in uncertainty avoidance prefer to have fewer rules. WRONG RIGHTTT Countries emphasizing masculine traits value activities that lead to success, money, and possessions.

________ is the first managerial task in the control process. Comparing performance to standards Setting standards Evaluating and taking corrective action Measuring performance

Setting standards

Which of the following is true for 360-degree feedback? This technique completely eliminates the potential for bias in evaluations. It is quick and easy to collect and quantify the data relevant to this feedback. It attempts to measure a person's performance from multiple perspectives. The results are easily quantifiable and comparable across the company.

The results are easily quantifiable and comparable across the company. WRONG RIGHT It attempts to measure a person's performance from multiple perspectives.

Russell Williams tells his boss, Shiang-Shiang Chen, a slightly misleading version of a problem he faces with a current project. He does so to ensure that it does not worry her. In this case, Russell's act can be best described as _______. filtering speculating decoding introspecting

filtering

A(n) ________ is a small group of 4-5 people involved in intense discussions of the positive and negative features of a company's products or services and how to improve the product or service. monitoring group interest group T- group focus group

focus group

The essence of the organizational development (OD) approach to organizational change is ________. having information technology play a central role in the change effort its emphasis on planned efforts focusing on people and their interrelationships in organizations redesigning a firm's processes to achieve dramatic improvements its skill at creating, acquiring, and transferring knowledge, and modifying its behavior to accommodate changes

its emphasis on planned efforts focusing on people and their interrelationships in organizations

A mechanism used for promoting open job positions internally is known as a _____ system. job rotation benchmarking job-posting vertical integration

job-posting

According to Hofstede, ________ is the extent to which people accept power and authority differences among people gender focus individualism power distance uncertainty avoidance

power distance

in the movie 'Office Space,' Milton was shocked to find out that for several months Initech had failed to meet its monthly sales targets. He immediately called for a meeting to announce that everyone will work Saturdays and Sundays until the monthly targets were met. This announcement is an example of a _____ change. retroactive proactive negative reactive

reactive

In a newspaper, the part of a job advertisement stating that the individual chosen will be required to supervise the restaurant's wait staff and ensure the satisfaction of customers is an example of a job ________. objective application specification description

specification WRONG RIGHT description

Jenson Foods is a giant global conglomerate headquartered in Patterson, New Jersey and has subsidiaries in many countries across the world. Each subsidiary has its own manufacturing facility, which produces products that are tailored for its domestic consumers. Jenson Foods is following a ________ strategy. global international transnational multi-domestic

transnational WRONG RIGHT multi-domestic