MGT 331

Evaluating employee performance is an example of the managerial function of

Controlling

T/F Base pay includes such compensation as gain-sharing and profit-sharing programs

False

The tendency to underestimate the influence of situational factors and to overestimate the influence of personal factors in evaluating someone else's behavior.

Fundamental attribution error

Performance is a function of motivation, ability, and

Goals

_____________ management is based on the belief that productivity is maximized when organizations are rationalized with precise sets of instructions based on time-and-motion studies

Scientific

_________________ is the process of screening out information that contradicts one's beliefs

Selective Perception

A company is open for business from 9-5, five days a week, and it wants to hire two people to fill one forty-hour-per-week position at the company. Which of the following best describes an alternative work schedule that could suit this organization's circumstances?

Job Sharing

Which of the following is NOT a relaxation technique for coping with work stress?

Making a "to-do" list

_____________ are short-term emotional states that are not directed toward anything in particular.

Moods

Removal of current or future unpleasant consequences to increase the likelihood that someone will repeat a behavior is called

Negative reinforcement

Which of the following terms refers to behaviors of individuals that make a positive overall contribution to the organization?

Organizational Citizenship

George is highly commited and has an attachment to the organization where he works. He feels he is a true member of the company. George is demonstrating

Organizational Committment

According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, __________ needs are people's most basic requirements.

Physiological

Sara tries to always be on time for work because she once saw her supervisor give someone an award for good attendance. Sara is exhibiting learning through

Positive reinforcement

Providing a written warning to low performing employees is an example of

Punishment

Stress is defined as

A physical or psychological stimulus that an individual responds to.

The feelings that an individual has about another person or situation is referred to as the ___________

Affect

According to David McClelland's acquired needs framework, the desire for human companionship is called a need for

Affiliation

How people explain the causes of their own as well as other people's behaviors and achievements is called

Attribution

Which of the following is the primary problem associated with job specialization?

Boredom

After working in a fast food restaurant for three years to pay for college tuition, Amanda vowed to never work in a restaurant again. But after graduation the only job offer she received was as a manager at a local restaurant. If Amanda accepts the job, it may result in ________________ dissonance.

Cognitive Dissonance

Goal _________ is defined as the extent to which a person is interested in reaching a goal

Commitment

In its simplest form , reinforcement theory suggests the behavior is a function of

Consequences

Deciding to no longer laugh at a coworker's inappropriate jokes, to encourage him to stop telling those types of jokes, is an example of

Extinction

Behavioral consequences of organizational stress include all of the following EXCEPT

Headaches or backaches

According to the equity theory, which of the following ratios do people consider when deciding whether they are being treated equitably?

Inputs : Outcomes

T/F Bonus systems and piecework programs are considered incentive-based compensation systems.

TRUE

T/F Herzberg's two-factor theory viewed satisfaction and dissatisfaction as two different factors that exist along different dimensions.

TRUE

T/F Social learning suggests that individual behavior is influenced when people observe the behavior of others, understand the consequences of the behavior, and adjust their own behavior as a result

TRUE

Which of the following terms refers to drawing a general impression about something or someone based on a single, and typically good, characteristic?

The halo effect

T/F Skill based pay systems require team members to acquire important skills that affect compensation

True

People who are impatient and ambitious are said to have what personality type?

Type A

In the expectancy model of motivation, which term refers to the perceived value of a given reward or outcome?

Valence

Intrinsic work values are defined as

Values related to the work itself

All of the following are direct organizational consequences of stress EXCEPT a. higher organizational commitment b. poor work quality c. lower productivity d. absenteeism e. turnover

a. higher organizational commitment

Conceptual Skills

are more important for higher level managers than for lower level managers

A relatively permanent change in behavior that occurs because of experience is called a. Training b. Learning c. Growth

b. Learning

Which of the following is NOT one of the dimensions of emotional intelligence? a. Self-management b. Self-preservation c. Empathy d. Self-awareness e. Social skills

b. Self-preservation

Psychological consequences of stress include all of the following EXCEPT a. sleeping too much b. heart disease c. depression d. family problems e. not sleeping enough

b. heart disease

Turnover occurs when employees a. feign (or fake) illness b. resign from their jobs c. are called to jury duty d. are promoted

b. resign from their jobs

In the ERG theory, the "relatedness" needs parallel ___________ needs in Maslow's hierarchy of needs

belongingness and esteem

Which of the following is NOT one of the suggested steps for time management? a. Make a list every morning b. identify critical activities c. Exercise regularly

c. Exercise regularly

According to Herzberg's two-factor theory, ___________ factors are intrinsic to the job and increase satisfaction a. hygiene b. work condition c. motivation

c. Motivation

Which of the following is NOT a dysfunctional behavior? a. Sabotage b. Absenteeism c. Rudeness d. Asking for a raise

d. Asking for a raise

Allowing an employee to spend part of their time working off-site, usually at home, is called a. compressed workweek b. flextime c. job sharing d. off-shoring e. None of these

e. None of these.

A ___________ reinforcement schedule is one in which the desired behavior is reinforced after a certain amount of time has passed.

fixed-interval

A moderate degree of workload-related stress will likely

stimulate energy and motivation

Job enlargement involves the process of horizontal job loading, meaning that

the employee is assigned more tasks to perform

The law of _______________ reinforcement suggests that you should only deliver a reward if the desired behavior is exhibited.

Contingent Reinforcement

Which of the following refers to employees' perceptions of organizational events, policies, and practices as being fair or not fair?

Organizational fairness