MGT 333 Leadership

pressure tactics

A judge who gives a convicted prisoner a suspended sentence but tells him to consider the suspension a "sword hanging over your head" if he breaks the law again is using_______

Passive

According to Robert Kelley and the PowerPoint chart a(n) _____________ follower would probably have a passive attitude and be an uncritical and dependent thinker.

transactional, transformational

According to Rosener, men described their leader ship style as ________________, viewing leadership as an exchange with subordinates for services rendered and influencing through organizational power.. Women tend to see them selves as more ________________ viewing leadership as helping subordinates to reach beyond their self-interest and influencing through personal characteristics.

are elected by their followers

According to the text leaders should have more credibility and loyalty from their followers if they _____ .

individual versus community

Dr. Jonathon realizes that his patient is suffering from a highly contagious disease that is likely to pose a threat to the entire city. However, he is uncertain about sharing this information with city officials to protect his patient's privacy. In this scenario, which of the following ethical dilemmas does the doctor most likely face?

forward-looking

Followers and leaders are thought to share many common attributes, or characteristics. Which of the following is a characteristic usually attributed to one but not to both leaders and followers.

action, observation and reflection

Leadership development is enhanced when experience involves the three processes of

Theory X; but, Theory Y reflects a view that most people are intrinsically motivated by their work.

Managers with a ____________ orientation rely heavily on coercive, and external-control methods to motivate workers such as punishments and threats; _______________.

perceptual set

People do not see everything that happens in a particular leadership situation, nor do they hear everything; instead they are selective in what they attend to and what they, in turn, understand. A phenomenon that demonstrates this selectivity is called

actor/observer difference.

People who are observing an action are much more likely than the actor to make the fundamental attribution error. This is called

experience

The key to developing one's leadership ability is making the most of

They reflect a view that most people are intrinsically motivated by their work.

Which of the following statements is true of managers with the Theory Y orientation?

Women had significantly lower well-being scores than men.

Which of the following statements is true of women in leadership positions?

Perception

affect(s) all three phases of the action-observation-reflection model and thus plays a very important role in what anyone will extract from a leadership course.

Socialized power

is exercised in the service of higher goals to others or organizations and often involves self-sacrifice toward those ends.

intelligence

A person's all-around effectiveness in activities directed by thought is called

rational persuasion

A politician's advisor explains how demographic changes in the politician's district make it important for the politician to spend relatively more time in the district seeing constituents than she has needed to in the recent past. This is an example of

self-fulfilling prophecy.

A situation in which one's expectations or predictions play a causal role in bringing about the events they predict.

is domain specific.

A successful leader of a pharmaceutical research team may not be confident when asked to lead a major fund-raising effort for a charitable institution. This example illustrates that practical intelligence

Ends-based thinking

According to Kidder's Principles for Resolving Ethical Dilemmas "Doing what's best for the greatest number of people" is an example of ____________.

authenticity, reverence, flaneur

According to Patricia O'Connell's webs of belief, authenticity is the foundation for leaders to function in complex, uncertain, and changing environments where leadership solutions to challenges depend on mutual trust and respect among parties; is associated with respecting and caring for all creation, and honoring the needs and identities of everyone in every culture. undergirds how one balances active participation in the events of one's life with alternating periods of observation, reflection, detachment, and rest.

authenticity

According to Patricia O'Connell's webs of belief, which of the following web is the foundation for leaders to function in complex, uncertain, and changing environments where leadership solutions to challenges depend on mutual trust and respect among parties?

They are rarely committed to their group's work goals.

According to Robert Kelley's basic styles of followership, which of the following statements is true about pragmatist followers?

Instrumental; terminal

According to Rokeach, ____________ values refer to modes of behavior that move an individual toward __________values that are desired end states or goals.

the ability to build cohesive, goal-oriented teams. getting results through others.

According to one definition of leadership: The "means" of leadership involve the ability to build cohesive, goal-oriented teams ; but the "ends" of leadership are concerned with getting results through others .

analytical; practical

According to the Triarchic Theory of Intelligence, _____________ intelligence features accurate assumptions, deductions, and inferences with new information; whereas, ______________ intelligence relies on knowledge and experience and is It is domain specific.

Leadership and management have some unique functions with an area of overlap.

According to the text, (and me) which of the following statements is true about leadership and management?

the process of influencing an organized group toward accomplishing its goals

According to the text, a comprehensive and helpful definition of leadership is

Most leaders (59%) are: either Introverted or Extroverted, either Sensing or Intuitive, and thinking rather than Feeling and Judging rather than Perceiving.

Although no one personality type is necessarily better than the others in terms of leadership effectiveness, the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator shows that ________________ .

referent

As the new foreman picked from among the rank-and-file, Sue Brooks is very popular and well-liked by her new charges. What type of power does Sue have?

FALSE. Leaders learn through a combination of personal and other's experiences (study)

Being a leader is either in one's genes or not. This statement is

Legitimate - This comes from the belief that a person has the formal right to make demands, and to expect others to be compliant and obedient. Reward - This results from one person's ability to compensate another for compliance. Expert - This is based on a person's high levels of skill and knowledge. Referent - This is the result of a person's perceived attractiveness, worthiness and right to others' respect. Coercive - This comes from the belief that a person can punish others for noncompliance.

Briefly outline French and Raven's five bases of social power.

are used when leaders seek the aid of others to influence the target.

Coalition tactics

The main difference between leaders and managers is that leaders have people follow them while managers have people who work for them. A successful business owner needs to be both a strong leader and manager to get their team on board to follow them towards their vision of success. Leadership is about getting people to understand and believe in your vision and to work with you to achieve your goals while managing is more about administering and making sure the day-to-day things are happening as they should. While management includes focus on planning, organizing, staffing, directing and controlling; leadership is mainly a part of directing function of management. Leaders focus on listening, building relationships, teamwork, inspiring, motivating and persuading the followers

Compare and contrast leadership and management

values

Constructs representing generalized behaviors or states of affairs that are considered by the individual to be important are

passive follower

Craig rarely takes initiative or suggests new ideas during project meetings. He does his work halfheartedly and needs to be guided by his manager on a regular basis. According to Robert Kelley's basic styles of followership, Craig most likely is a(n)

fundamental attribution error. self-serving bias.

Crediting your own successes to your drive and ambition and other people's successes to circumstances or the environment is an example of fundamental attribution errorwhereas, the tendency to make external attributions for one's own failures, yet make internal attributions for one's successes is called self-serving bias .

Single Loop Learning is about making adjustments to correct a mistake or a problem. It is focused on doing the things right. Causality might be observed but typically is not addressed. Double Loop Learning is identifying and understanding causality and then taking action to fix the problem.

Differentiate between single-loop learning and double-loop learning.

Leadership an art. Art involves human skill Natural, inborn skill, rather than acquired. Leadership involves skills, qualities that one cannot gain/have through learning. Leadership as a science Leadership talent requires education to sharpen its ability, potential. Knowledge on best ways, methods, styles, approaches in leadership. Knowledge on features, needs, demands of leadership necessary for individual to know how to apply skills for effectiveness Knowledge based on experience in organizational leadership.

Discuss how leadership is both an art and a science.

A mentor is someone who shares their knowledge, skills and/or experience, to help another to develop and grow. A coach is someone who provides guidance to a client on their goals and helps them reach their full potential.

Explain how mentoring differs from coaching.

learning. let go of the fear of failure. Self-serving bias is a theory of perception relating to judging the self and it is defined as the tendency to take glory for one's success and take little or no responsibility regarding failure.

Explain the phrase "to go against the grain of one's personal historical success."

coercive

Followers are more likely to use _____ power to change their leader's behavior if they have a relatively high amount of referent power with their fellow co-workers.

Vision: who pull people together on the basis of shared beliefs and common sense of organizational purpose and belonging. Empathy: who show they understand the world as we see and experience it. Consistent: This means that changes are understood as a process of evolution in the light of relevant new evidence. Not necessarily having no changes. Integrity: is strong; who demonstrate their commitment to higher principles through their actions.

Four qualities of leadership that engender trust according to Bennis and Goldsmith

align the values of their followers with those of the organization

Good leaders tend to

were highly likely to be in their lower-achieving group.

Hall and Donnell reported findings of five separate studies involving over 12,000 managers that explored the relationship between managerial achievement and attitudes toward subordinates. Overall, they found that managers who strongly subscribed to Theory X beliefs

coercive

If effective leaders do not work to increase their various power bases, they usually become more willing to use their _____ Power.

moral efficacy.

In the context of moral potency, the belief or confidence in one's capability to mobilize various personal, interpersonal, and other external resources to persist despite moral adversity is referred to as

have realistic self-perceptions.

Leaders following the authentic leadership approach

technical proficiency.

Leaders in any field tend to first stand out by virtue of their

more experience

Leaders with _____________ will perform best under stressful conditions?

referent; expert

Research findings by French and Raven generally indicates that leaders who relied primarily on _____ and _____ power had subordinates who were more motivated and satisfied, were absent less and performed better.

self-regulation; adaptability.

Self-control, trustworthiness, conscientiousness, adaptability and innovation correspond to _______: where as reality testing, flexibility and problem-solving relate to ____________.

Single loop learning. Double loop learning.

Single loop learning is relationship between the individual and the environment in which learners seek relatively little feedback that may significantly confront their fundamental ideas or actions; but, Double loop learning involves confronting one's beliefs and inviting others to challenge them.

euphemistic labeling

Terrorists may call themselves "freedom fighters," and firing someone may be referred to as "letting him or her go." These are both examples of

Leaders were not qualitatively different than their followers.

The Great Man Theory attempted to prove that leaders and followers are fundamentally different. Research, however, indicates that

the narrow band of acceptable behavior.

The area in which traditional Female behavior overlaps with traditional male behavior or the area in which your behavior overlaps with the organization's stereotypical view of an effective leader is know as ____________ .

power; Influence

The capacity to produce effects on others is the definition of__________ while the degree of change in another person's attitudes, beliefs, values, or behaviors is the definition of _________

unfamiliar, or ambiguous

The effect of traits on a person's behavior is more often observed in_____________ situations.

followers, leaders and situations.

The interactional framework of leadership includes

Leader, Follower, Situation

The interactional leadership model implies that a study of leadership must include more than a study of the leader. Leadership is the interaction of three forces.

justice vs. mercy

The members of a team are often overworked because one team member has temporary family issues that cause him to miss work. The supervisor must weigh the welfare of the team against the welfare of the individual. According to Rushworth Kidder what type of dilemma faces the supervisor?

success of technical managers.

The need for power has been found to be positively related to all the following leadership effectiveness criteria, except

Mentoring. Coaching.

The process by which an older and more experienced person helps to socialize and encourage a younger organizational colleague is called? Equipping people with tools, knowledge and opportunities they need to develop and become successful is

Action learning

The use of actual work issues and challenges as developmental activities to improve employee performance is called

efficiency; change.

To many, the word "management" suggests_______________; however," leadership" is more often associated with________________.

learned through the socialization process.

Values are most likely

vision, empathy, consistency, and integrity

What are the four qualities of leadership that engender trust according to Bennis and Goldsmith?..

Servant leadership is a leadership philosophy in which the goal of the leader is to serve. Criticism: Lack of Authority. Servant leadership minimises the authority of the manager and the overall management function in the business. When employees see their manager catering to their needs in an extreme manner, they are less likely to view them as an authoritative figure.

What is servant leadership? What is the main criticism concerning its use in organizations?

making an inspirational appeal

When a minister speaks to his congregation on Sunday he uses the phrase, "God loves a cheerful giver." He is most likely

Leaders tend to make the welfare of subordinates an end in itself not just a means of goal accomplishment.

Which is an identified problem with Servant Leadership as professed by Robert Greenleaf.

Analytical, Creative, Practical

Which of the following are one of the types of intelligence identified in the Triarchic Theory of Intelligence?

principles of right conduct

Which of the following best describes ethics?

justifying immoral behavior by claiming it was caused by someone else's actions

Which of the following best describes the term "attribution of blame"?

The Warrior-Knight archetype

Which of the following fundamental archetypes of leadership is most likely to take risks and action in a crisis?

Some research suggests that if the differences in analytic intelligence between leader and followers are too great, a leader's intelligence can become an impediment.

Which of the following statements is true concerning analytic intelligence?