MGT CH 2 SB

Which of these statements represent ideas that Peter Drucker introduced in his book The Practice of Management? (select all that apply)

A corporation can be thought of as a human community Employees should be treated as assets Without customers, businesses wouldn't exist

Which management viewpoint asks the question, "What method is the best to use under these particular circumstances?"

Contingency

Renata is using the systems perspective to analyze her company. Which of these should be included in her analysis?

Equipment

____ management encourages managers to make facts and logic the foundation of their approach to decision-making.

Evidence-based

What are two types of outputs according to the systems viewpoint? Check all that apply.

Finished products Employee satisfaction

What three individuals helped pioneer administrative management theory?

Henri Fayol Max Weber Charles Clinton Spaulding

Who is known as the "father of industrial psychology" because of his revolutionary ideas on studying human behavior in workplaces?

Hugo Munsterberg

What are the two branches of quantitative management?

Management science Operations management

Which two management perspectives typically consider an organization to be a closed system? Check all that apply.

Management science perspective Classical management viewpoint

Identify the two theorists who contributed the most to the human relations movement.

McGregor Maslow

_____ management focuses on managing the production and delivery of an organization's products or services more effectively.

Operations

According to the systems viewpoint, what are three types of inputs?

People Money Equipment

The quality-management viewpoint includes which concepts? (select all that apply)

Quality assurance Quality control Total quality management

In which ways did Munsterberg suggest that psychologists could contribute to industry? (select all that apply)

Recognize the psychological conditions necessary for employees to do their best work. Identify ways managers can encourage employees to take desired actions. Identify the people who are best suited for a job.

What four disciplines are included in the behavioral science approach to management? (Choose all that apply.)

Sociology Anthropology Psychology Economics

The management approach of _____ was one of the first to recognize that enriching the lives of organizational and community family was just as important as a company making a profit?

Spaulding

_____ management stresses continuous improvement, employee involvement, learning from customers and employees, and accurate standards for identifying and eliminating problems.

Total quality

True or false: Frederick Taylor is associated with the scientific management approach to management.

True

Which of the following are components of total quality management (TQM)? (select all that apply)

Use customer and employee feedback Involve every employee Emphasize continuous improvement Use accurate standards to identify and eliminate problems

A supervisor who considers employees to be irresponsible and resistant to change would be characterized as a Theory _______ manager.

X

If you believe your employees are capable of taking on responsibility with sufficient self-direction and self-control, you are a Theory ___ manager.

Y

A learning organization: (select all that apply)

actively creates, acquires, and transfers knowledge within itself is able to modify its behavior to reflect new knowledge

Two ways for a company to guarantee quality of a product are quality control and quality ___________.

assurance

Theory X and Theory Y focus on managers'

attitudes

McGregor developed Theory X and Theory Y based on the realization that managers should _____.

be aware of their attitudes toward employees

The _____ viewpoint places emphasis on the importance of understanding the actions of humans and the motivation and encouragement of employees toward achievement?

behavioral

Which approach to management relies upon research in psychology, sociology, anthropology, and economics in order to develop theories about human behavior that can be used to provide practical tools for managers?

behavioral science

According to the Hawthorne effect hypothesized by Mayo and colleagues, employees worked harder if they: (select all that apply)

believed supervisors paid special attention to them received added attention thought managers cared about their welfare

What are two of Taylor's principles of scientific management?

carefully select workers with the right abilities for the task evaluate a task by scientifically studying each part of it

A characteristic of a(n) _____ system is that it receives very little feedback from outside sources.

closed

The _____ perspective on management consists of the systems, contingency, and quality-management viewpoints.

contemporary

According to the ____ viewpoint, a management problem should be handled according to the individual and the environmental situation.

contingency

The original focus of the Hawthorne studies was the ______.

effects of lighting levels on worker productivity

Complete the following sentence with all of the true statements about the classical perspective of management. The classical perspective of management...

emphasized finding ways to manage work more efficiently had two branches - scientific and administrative assumed that people were rational

Cheyenne has a small bakery specializing in gourmet cupcakes. In response to customer demand, she has added gluten-free cupcakes to her menu. This customer demand would be characterized as _____.

feedback

In terms of the systems viewpoint, _______ is information about the reaction of the environment to the outputs that affects the inputs.

feedback

Tyrone is reviewing customer response forms and learns that while some people like the company's new outerwear designs, the majority of customers do not. Which part of a system is Tyrone using to get his information?

feedback

Select the two overarching perspectives about management:

historical contemporary

Two overarching perspectives about management are the ________ perspectives.

historical and contemporary

In order to follow Mary Parker Follett's concept of integration, a company should

hold meetings between managers and workers to solve problems in a mutually beneficial way.

Maslow and McGregor focused on the study of ______ as it relates to increasing worker productivity.

human relations

Theory Y managers view workers as: (select all that apply)

imaginative and creative self-directed accepting of responsibility

Scientific management is the study of work methods to improve the productivity of _____.

individual workers

According to the systems perspective, transformational processes are responsible for turning

inputs into outputs.

James has a small bakery specializing in gourmet brownies. Based on the systems viewpoint, the flour, sugar, yeast, and eggs he uses in baking would be considered _______, whereas the decorated brownies he sells to customers would be considered _______.

inputs; outputs

A system is a set of _____ parts that operate together to achieve a common purpose.

interrelated

Quality control

is the strategy for minimizing errors by managing each stage of production

The scientific approach to management emerged in the early 20th century when companies wished to increase worker productivity to counteract _____.

labor shortages

Theory X managers view workers as

lacking ambition

A _______ organization actively creates, acquires, and transfers knowledge within itself and is able to modify its behavior to reflect new knowledge.

learning

In order to build a _____ organization, managers must build a commitment to learning, work to generate ideas with impact, and work to generalize ideas with impact.

learning

The classical viewpoint of management emphasizes ways to ______.

manage work more efficiently

Peter Drucker is credited with providing the first modern handbook on the subject of ______.

management

When Mary Parker Follett referred to the use of "communities" within an organization, she meant that

managers and subordinates should work together to solve issues.

Operations management focuses on _____.

managing the production and delivery of an organization's products or services more effectively

Management science focuses on the use of _______ to aid in problem-solving and decision-making.

mathematics

One issue with the classical viewpoint is that it tends to view humans as cogs in a machine, thereby rendering it overly _____.

mechanistic

Charles Clinton Spaulding, one of the pioneering theorists of administrative management, proposed eight _____ of management based in part on his childhood experiences working at his father's fields.

necessities

Systems that have continual interaction with their environment are known as _____ systems.

open

Management science is sometimes known as _____.

operations research

Maslow's hierarchy of human needs proposes that people are motivated by which needs? (select all that apply)

physiological safety esteem love self-actualization

According to Henri Fayol, the major functions of management are: (select all that apply)

planning organizing leading controlling

According to Gary Hamel, management should be viewed as a(n) _____ to which ongoing improvements and innovation can be made systematically.

process

The field of industrial ______ (the study of human behavior in the workplace) is based on Hugo Munsterberg's theories.

psychology

Quality control, quality assurance, and total quality management are all part of the _____ management viewpoint.

quality

The ability of a product or service to meet customer needs refers to _____.

quality

The strategy for minimizing errors at each stage of production is called _____.

quality control

The application of quantitative techniques, such as statistics and computer simulations, to management is called _____ management.

quantitative

Evidence-based management focuses on bringing _____ to the decision process.

rationality

A company would rely on ISO 9000 to _____.

reduce manufacturing flaws

Complexity theory: (select all that apply)

seeks to understand how organizations adapt to their environments recognizes that all complex systems are networks of many interdependent parts that interact according to certain simple rules is the study of how order and pattern arise from complicated, chaotic systems is used in strategic management and organizational studies

The Six Sigma approach relies on _____ to help improve manufacturing processes.

statistical analysis

Based on a systems viewpoint, the health science, finance, and journalism departments of a university are examples of ______.

subsystems

The various parts that make up a complete system are commonly known as

subsystems

An open system fosters the idea that two or more forces combined create an effect that is greater than the sum of their individual effects. This is known as _____.

synergy

A set of interrelated parts that operate together to achieve a common purpose is called a(n) _____.

system

Henri Fayol is credited with being the first person to ______ management behavior.

systematize

Complexity theory is an offshoot of the _____ viewpoint because it is the study of how multiple chaotic processes arise into pattern and order.

systems

What are the three viewpoints of the contemporary perspective of management?

systems contingency quality-management

The behavioral management viewpoint emphasized

the importance of understanding human behavior and motivating employees to achieve

Administrative management is concerned with managing ________.

the total organization

According to the systems viewpoint, the part of a system that involves turning raw materials and knowledge into a new and different product or service is called _____.

transformational processes

Issues with the classical viewpoint include that it: (select all that apply)

views humans as cogs in a machine is overly mechanistic fails to account for the importance of human needs

Select all of the true statements regarding Gary Hamel's thoughts on management:

we must look at management as a process, and then make improvements and innovation ongoing and systematic much of management theory is dated and doesn't fit the current realities of organizational life management innovation is essential to future organizational success

Maslow's hierarchy of needs resulted from the study of ______.

what motivates people to perform

Which of the following are the key functions/roles managers must perform in order to create learning organizations?

work to generate ideas with impact work to generalize ideas with impact build a commitment to learning