MGT335 Test 2

Extinction

"Not allowing trainees to take an extra break because they were disruptive" is an example of _____, in the context of reinforcement theory. a. punishment b. negative reinforcement c. positive reinforcement d. extinction

Negative reinforcement

"Not micromanaging trainees working in groups after the group demonstrates it can remain on task" is an example of _____, in the context of reinforcement theory. a. extinction b. positive reinforcement c. negative reinforcement d. punishment

False

In general, it is best to promote a performance orientation among trainees. True or False

True

It is best to include a combination of examples and practice, rather than all practice. True or False

True

Making a hamburger at a fast-food restaurant is an example of a closed skill. True or False

False

Open skills need to be identically reproduced on the job. True or False

True

When using an outside vendor to provide training services, it is important to consider the extent to which the training program will be customized based on a company's needs. True False

Allowing trainees to experiment with new knowledge and skills

Which of the following creates a learning orientation in trainees? a. allowing trainees to experiment with new knowledge and skills b. ensuring trainees completely avoid errors and mistakes c. emphasizing trained task performance d. emphasizing competition among trainees

Creating a new product

Which of the following instances call for training with an emphasis on far transfer? a. securing offices and buildings b. handling routine client questions c. creating a new product d. logging into computers and using software

Allowing adequate breaks during the day

Which of the following is an example of meeting employee's "physiological" needs according to Maslow's theory? a. Rewarding them when they do well b. Giving them challenging projects c. Creating a workplace safety program d. Giving feedback often e. Allowing adequate breaks during the day

Creating communities of practice and using "after-action reviews" at the end of each project facilitates knowledge management.

Which of the following statements is true of knowledge management? a. It should be a central focus of training design. b. Creating communities of practice and using "after-action reviews" at the end of each project facilitates knowledge management. c. It involves acquiring knowledge, studying problems, attending training, and using technology only within work. d. Social media hinders knowledge management.

Include broader learning objectives

Curricula differ from courses in that curricula _____. a. take less time to complete b. address a more limited number of competencies c. consist of narrower learning objectives d. include broader learning objectives

Curriculum

A _____ refers to an organized program of study designed to meet a complex learning objective. a. course b. training map c. lesson plan d. curriculum

Potential vendors and consultants for training services

A request for proposal (RFP) is a document mainly used to identify _____. a. trainee prerequisites b. potential vendors and consultants for training services c. employees who do not require training d. disruptive trainees

Concept map

A(n) _____ gets learners into the appropriate mental state for learning and allows them to understand the personal and work-related meaningfulness of course content. a. application assignment b. request for proposal c. action plan d. concept map

Feeling Learners

According to the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI), which of the following types of learners require instructors to emphasize personal needs, beliefs, values, and experiences? a. thinking learners b. reactive learners c. proactive learners d. feeling learners

Theory of identical elements

According to the _____, transfer will be maximized when the tasks, materials, equipment, and other characteristics of the learning environment are similar to those encountered in the work environment. a. cognitive theory of transfer b. theory of closed skills c. stimulus generalization approach d. theory of identical elements

True

Spaced practice is typically considered superior to massed practice. True or False

True

To promote a learning orientation, trainers should deemphasize competition among trainees, create a community of learning, and allow trainees to make errors. True or False

Trainees should be encouraged to focus on important differences between training tasks and work tasks.

Which of the following statements is true of near transfer? a. If the tasks emphasized in training involve variable interactions with people, then instruction should emphasize near transfer. b. Programs that emphasize near transfer must include general principles that apply to a greater set of contexts than those presented in training. c. Trainees should be encouraged to focus on important differences between training tasks and work tasks. d. Teaching learners to create a new product requires training with an emphasis on near transfer.

For training to be effective, both learning and transfer are needed.

Which of the following statements is true? a. In general, mistakes should be avoided in a training context. b. Most of what is learned during training is successfully transferred to the workplace. c. For training to be effective, both learning and transfer are needed. d. Transfer of training is to be considered only after the completion of training.

Using standardized procedures, processes, and checklists

Which of the following strategies is least appropriate for far transfer? a. Teaching general concepts, broad principles, or key behaviors b. Using standardized procedures, processes, and checklists c. Providing a list of prompts or questions to help trigger thoughts and questions from trainees d. Focusing on principles that might apply to a greater set of contexts beyond those presented in the training session

Providing detailed checklists for trainees to follow

Which of the following strategies is least appropriate for supporting the transfer of open skills? a. providing rewards for experimentation b. teaching general principles c. allowing trainees to make mistakes without fear of punishment d. providing detailed checklists for trainees to follow

Encouraging on-the-job experimentation

Which of the following strategies is not appropriate for supporting the transfer of closed skills? a. providing high-fidelity practice b. shaping favorable attitudes toward compliance c. encouraging on-the-job experimentation d. rewarding compliance

Self-efficacy

_____ is a person's judgment about whether he or she can successfully learn new knowledge and skills. a. Self-efficacy b. Self-esteem c. Self-concept d. Self-actualization

Microlearning

_____ is a way of delivering content to learners in small, very specific bursts. With such learning, individuals are in control of what and when they're learning. a. Macrolearning b. Microlearning c. Micromanagement d. Microtraining

Massed practice

_____ refers to practicing a task continuously without breaks. a. Whole practice b. Overlearning c. Continuous learning d. Massed practice

Cognitive strategy

_____ relates to the learner's decision regarding what information to attend to, how to remember, and how to solve problems. a. Motor skill b. Verbal information c. Attitude d. Cognitive strategy