Microbiology ch 22 Skin Infections

All of the following must be cultivated in cell cultures instead of cell-free media except

Candida albicans

Diaper rash may be caused by

Candida albicans.

Which of the following statements about MRSA (the major cause of hair follicle infections) is FALSE?

Currently, MRSA strains are resistant to all β-lactam antibiotics.

Please select all of the statements that are TRUE of impetigo. check all that apply

The disease can be transmitted by both direct contact and indirect contact. No bacterial virulence factors have been found to be associated with the disease. Impetigo is seen only in older adults. Personal hygiene has no impact on disease prevention.

Identify all the unfavorable effects that the normal microbiota of our skin can have.

They can produce a foul odor (body odor). They can "clog" sweat glands. All of the answer choices are unfavorable effects.

How do dermatophytes cause disease in humans?

They infect keratinized regions of the body.

A student complained of patches of scaly, lightened skin on his back. A skin scraping revealed the presence of both yeast and filamentous fungi. Based on this information, you can conclude that the student likely has ______ caused by ______.

Tinea versicolor; Malassezia furfur

Roseola can be a frightening disease because

children with the disease may have a high fever that leads to convulsions.

Which of the following can affect a developing fetus?

Dermal papillomviruses

Choose all the statements that describe superficial cutaneous mycoses. check all that apply

Disease names often begin with "tinea." There are effective vaccines for protecting against superficial cutaneous mycoses.

Which of the following do you think means "blood clots within vessels throughout the body"?

Disseminated intravascular coagulopathy

Check all of the TRUE statements from this case study.

Doxycycline is often used to treat tick-borne infections. RMSF is caused by a number of different viruses.

T/F: A person who has never received the MMRV vaccine, and who is exposed to an individual with shingles, is at risk of contracting shingles as well.

FALSE

T/F: All of the wrestlers who contracted HSV-1 or impetigo in this case did so at the January 24-25 competition.

FALSE

T/F: All strains of Staphylococcus aureus can cause staphylococcus scalded skin syndrome.

FALSE

T/F: It would be impossible to eliminate measles because the measles vaccine is only partly protective.

FALSE

T/F: Mycoses that cause superficial skin infections usually require oral antifungal medications that must be taken for months.

FALSE

T/F: Patients A, B, and C had no record of tick bites. However, they all had family members who had evidence of RMSF. It is logical to conclude that these patients contracted RMSF from their family member.

FALSE

T/F: RMSF was diagnosed in Patient A by detecting the causative bacteria and anti-Rickettsia antibodies in the patient while she was in the ICU.

FALSE

Please select the TRUE statements regarding this case. select all that apply

Herpes gladiatorum is a viral skin infection. Wrestlers are at risk of skin infections because of the nature of the sport.

A man complains of headache, muscle and joint pain, and fever. He develops a rash characterized by faint, pink spots that starts on the palms of his hands, wrists, and the soles of his feet, and then spreads to his body. He recalls a recent tick bite but there does not appear to be any inflammation at that site. He is given doxycycline and recovers fully. Based on this information, you can conclude that he likely has ______.

Rocky Mountain spotted fever

Which of the following is/are transmitted by ticks?

Rocky Mountain spotted fever

Which of the following pairs is mismatched?

Rubella - Koplik spots

Which of the following are transmitted via the respiratory route?

Rubella virus Varicella-zoster virus . Papillomaviruses

Disease caused by which of the following leads to blistering and peeling of the epidermis?

Staphylococcus aureus

______ is a common resident on the skin surface but is relatively harmless. ______ is found mostly in the nostrils and may lead to serious hair follicle infections.

Staphylococcus epidermidis; Staphylococcus aureus

T/F: Certain people must rely on herd immunity for protection against diseases such as measles and rubella.

TRUE

T/F: RMSF should be suspected in family members exhibiting signs/symptoms similar to an individual diagnosed with the disease.

TRUE

The MMRV vaccine is used to protect against

The MMRV vaccine is used to protect against

Please select all of the statements that apply to rash diseases such as measles, rubella, fifth disease, and roseola.

The causative agents of all the diseases listed above are viruses. The causative agents of all the diseases listed above are bacteria. Droplet contact or direct contact is the most common mode of transmission for these diseases. Antibiotics are used to treat these diseases.

Why were patients A and B not given antibiotics immediately?

Patients A and B were initially diagnosed with viral infections.

Staphylococcus aureus can be responsible for all of the following conditions except

athlete's foot.

All of the following are true of Rocky Mountain spotted fever except

the disease is most prevalent in the western United States.

Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome is so called because

the outer epidermal layer blisters and peels, resembling a burn caused by hot water.

All of the following might contribute to development of ringworm or other superficial cutaneous mycoses except

using skin powder.

Vaccination to protect against rubella is essential because

viral infection can lead to development of significant fetal defects/abnormalities.

All of the following diseases are characterized by the development of a rash. Which are NOT caused by herpesviruses?

warts fifths disease rubeola rubella scarlet fever

What proportion of the students with physician-confirmed skin infections had either fungal infections or MRSA?

10.8%

What percentage of the students who participated in the January tournament reported physician-confirmed skin infections after the competition?

22.0%

Which of the following is NOT caused by Staphylococcus aureus?

Acne

Which of the following contributes to the virulence of Streptococcus pyogenes?

All of the above

Which of the following conditions is important in the ecology of the skin?

All of the above.

Please select all the TRUE statements about staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome.

All strains of S. aureus can cause SSSS.

Which patient had a white blood cell count within the normal range?

Patient B

A teenager develops large blisters filled with pus on his chest. These burst and after a few days, crust over. He has no fever although lymph nodes in the area enlarge and become tender. A culture reveals clusters of Gram-positive bacteria that are β-hemolytic on blood agar. Based on this information, you can conclude that he likely has

Impetigo

Which of the following is a pyoderma?

Impetigo

Please choose the statement that best describes staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (SSSS).

It is an exotoxin-mediated disease characterized by large fluid-filled blisters and peeling skin.

Identify the unusual characteristic of the RMSF rash.

It occurs on the palms and soles.

Which of the following statements is more likely to be true of measles (rubeola) than German measles (rubella)?

Koplik spots are present.

Please select all of the statements that illustrate examples of the first-line defenses present in the skin.

Low pH of sebum, which makes skin inhospitable to most microbes. Active cell division, which prevents microbial entry. Activated complement proteins that cause bacterial lysis. Strong epidermal cell walls, preventing microbial entry.

Which of the following virulence factors is/are associated with strains of Streptococcus pyogenes but not Staphylococcus aureus?

M protein streptokinase

Which of the following statements is true of streptococcal impetigo?

None of the above.

In which patient(s) was the liver affected?

Not enough data to answer this question.

Which of the following best describes how papillomavirus infection leads to the development of warts?

Papillomaviruses replicate within the nucleus of infected cells, some of which grow abnormally, producing a "wart."

Select which of the following were Maricopa County Department of Public Health recommendations for schools with wrestling teams. check all that apply

Wrestlers should be provided with hand sanitizer at practice and competition Wrestlers should not be allowed to touch each other for more than 20 seconds at a time. Wrestlers should wash their gear after every practice or competition. Wrestlers should shower before each match. Wrestlers should wear long sleeves during competition. Wrestling mats should be cleaned with approved antimicrobial disinfectants.

Why are wresters particularly at risk of skin diseases?

Wrestling is a sport that involves a lot of skin-to-skin contact.

Potential complications associated with measles and the measles vaccine include

bacterial pneumonia encephalitis subacute sclerosing panencephalitis

The main effect of staphylococcal protein A is to

interfere with phagocytosis.

Treating hair follicle infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus can be challenging because

many strains of the organism are resistant to multiple antibiotics.

if a woman begins to develop shingles, which of the following can you conclude?

she had the chickenpox in the past