Microbiology: Cryptosporidium parvum, Cyclospora cayetanensis, and Isospora belli
Entameba histolytica treatment:
Abscess: Metronidazole
Cryptosporidium parvum, Lab tests:
Acid fast stain of stool sample shows acid fast oocysts(3-5um in size)
Cryptosporidium parvum
Antibody tests and Polymerase chain reaction for detection of oocysts in stool samples and environment
Cryptosporidium parvum, also text with
Antibody tests for detection of oocysts in stool samples and environment
Cyclospora cayetanensis
Associated with contaminated basil
Cyclospora cayetanensis
Associated with contaminated lettuce
Cyclospora cayetanensis
Associated with contaminated raspberries
Cyclospora cayetanensis
Associated with contaminated raspberries, basil and lettuce
Cyclospora cayetanensis symptom:
Dehydration
Cyclospora cayetanensis lab diagnosis:
Demonstration of acid fast oocyts (7-10um in size) in stool samples.
Isospora belli
Diagnosis by demonstration of acid fast elliptical oocysts.
Cyclospora cayetanensis
Direct transmission from person-to-person UNLIKELY
Entameba histolytica Symptoms:
Dysentery with blood and necrotic tissue.Chronic: abscesses
Cyclospora cayetanensis
Fecal-oral route
Cyclospora cayetanensis
Fecal-oral route Direct transmission from person-to-person UNLIKELY Food or waterborne USUALLY Associated with contaminated raspberries, basil and lettuce Symptoms of Cyclosporiasis: diarrhea - protracted ~ 6 weeks; esp. in HIV positive patients. Cramps Dehydration
Trichomonas vaginalis diagnosis:
Flagellate in vaginal (or urethral) smear
Giardia lamblia symptoms:
Foul-smelling, bulky diarrhea; blood or necrotic tissue rare
Entameba histolytica treatment:
GI: Iodoquinol or Metronidazole
Entameba histolytica treatment:
GI: Iodoquinol or Metronidazole Abscess: Metronidazole
Isospora belli
Heavier infections can be treated with TMP-SMZ.
Isospora belli
Increasing incidence in AIDS patients.
Isospora belli
Increasing incidence in AIDS patients. The infection occurs via the oro-fecal route. The infective stage of the organism is an elliptical oocyst. Cause severe watery diarrhea. Diagnosis by demonstration of acid fast elliptical oocysts. Mild infections resolve themselves with rest and mild diet. Heavier infections can be treated with TMP-SMZ.
Balantidium coli treatment:
Iodoquinol or Metronidazole
Coccidian protozoal parasites of GIT:
Isospora belli
Cryptosporidium parvum
Known to cause epidemics of diarrhea in humans via contaminated food and water.
Cyclospora cayetanensis
Lab Diagnosis Demonstration of acid fast oocyts (7-10um in size) in stool samples.
CryptLab tests: Acid fast stain of stool sample shows acid fast oocysts(3-5um in size) osporidium parvum
Lab tests: Acid fast stain of stool sample shows acid fast oocysts(3-5um in size)
Giardia lamblia treatment:
Metronidazole
Trichomonas vaginalis treatment:
Metronidazole
Isospora belli
Mild infections resolve themselves with rest and mild diet.
Cryptosporidium parvum
Mode of infection: ingestion of C. parvum oocysts containing many sporozoites.
Cryptosporidium parvum, treatment:
Nitrazoxanide, puromycin/ azithromycin/ paramomycin.
Cryptosporidium parvum treatment:
Nitrazoxanide/Paromomycin
Cryptosporidium parvum, also text with
Polymerase chain reaction for detection of oocysts in stool samples and environment
Cryptosporidium parvum
Severity of diarrhea depends on load of organisms and immune status of the host.
Balantidium coli diagnosis:
Stool: ciliated trophs and/cysts
Entameba histolytica diagnosis:
Stool: cysts with 1-4 nuclei and/or trophs.Trophs in aspirate.
Giardia lamblia diagnosis:
Stool: typical old man giardia troph and/or cyst
Cyclospora cayetanensis
Symptoms of Cyclosporiasis: diarrhea - protracted ~ 6 weeks; esp. in HIV positive patients. Cramps Dehydration
Cryptosporidium parvum
Symptoms: copious watery diarrhea, cramping abdominal pain, flatulence and weight loss
Isospora belli treatment:
TMP-SMZ
Isospora belli
The infection occurs via the oro-fecal route.
Isospora belli
The infective stage of the organism is an elliptical oocyst.
Cyclospora cayetanensis
Treatment Trimethoprim-sulfamethozaxole (Bactrim)
Cryptosporidium parvum
Treatment: Nitrazoxanide, puromycin/ azithromycin/ paramomycin.
Cyclospora cayetanensis treatment:
Trimethoprim-sulfamethozaxole (Bactrim)
Trichomonas vaginalis symptoms:
Vaginitis; occasional urethritis/prostatitis
Balantidium coli symptoms:
Zoonotic dysentery with blood and necrotic tissue but no abscesses
Cryptosporidium parvum, Symptoms:
copious watery diarrhea
Cryptosporidium parvum, Symptoms:
copious watery diarrhea, cramping abdominal pain, flatulence and weight loss
Cryptosporidium parvum, Symptoms:
cramping abdominal pain
Trichomonas vaginalis
diagnosis: Flagellate in vaginal (or urethral) smear
Balantidium coli
diagnosis: Stool: ciliated trophs and/cysts
Entameba histolytica
diagnosis: Stool: cysts with 1-4 nuclei and/or trophs.Trophs in aspirate.
Giardia lamblia
diagnosis: Stool: typical old man giardia troph and/or cyst
Cryptosporidium parvum
diagnosis: oocysts in stool
Cryptosporidium parvum symptoms:
diarrhea
Isospora belli symptoms:
diarrhea
Cyclospora cayetanensis symptom:
diarrhea - protracted ~ 6 weeks; esp. in HIV positive patients
Cyclospora cayetanensis symptoms:
diarrhea - protracted ~ 6 weeks; esp. in HIV positive patients. Cramps Dehydration
Cryptosporidium parvum, Symptoms:
flatulence
Cryptosporidium parvum, Mode of infection:
ingestion of C. parvum oocysts containing many sporozoites.
Cryptosporidium parvum, Severity of diarrhea depends on
load of organisms and immune status of the host.
Cryptosporidium parvum diagnosis:
oocysts in stool
Isospora belli diagnosis:
oocysts in stool
Balantidium coli transmission:
oro-fecal
Entameba histolytica transmission:
oro-fecal
Giardia lamblia transmission
oro-fecal
Isospora belli transmission:
oro-fecal
Trichomonas vaginalis transmission:
sexual
Entameba histolytica
symptoms: Dysentery with blood and necrotic tissue.Chronic: abscesses
Giardia lamblia
symptoms: Foul-smelling, bulky diarrhea; blood or necrotic tissue rare
Trichomonas vaginalis
symptoms: Vaginitis; occasional urethritis/prostatitis
Balantidium coli
symptoms: Zoonotic dysentery with blood and necrotic tissue but no abscesses
Cryptosporidium parvum
symptoms: diarrhea
Giardia lamblia
transmission: oro fecal
Balantidium coli
transmission: oro-fecal
Cryptosporidium parvum
transmission: oro-fecal
Cryptosporidium parvum transmission:
transmission: oro-fecal
Isospora belli
transmission: oro-fecal
Cryptosporidium parvum
transmission: oro-fecal symptoms: diarrhea diagnosis: oocysts in stool treatment: Nitrazoxanide/Paromomycin
Isospora belli
transmission: oro-fecal symptoms: diarrhea diagnosis: oocysts in stool treatment: TMP-SMZ
Entameba histolytica
transmission: orofecal
Trichomonas vaginalis
transmission: sexual
Entameba histolytica
treatment: Abscess: Metronidazole
Entameba histolytica
treatment: GI: Iodoquinol or Metronidazole
Entameba histolytica
treatment: GI: Iodoquinol or Metronidazole Abscess: Metronidazole
Balantidium coli
treatment: Iodoquinol or Metronidazole
Giardia lamblia
treatment: Metronidazole
Trichomonas vaginalis
treatment: Metronidazole
Cryptosporidium parvum
treatment: Nitrazoxanide/Paromomycin
Isospora belli
treatment: TMP-SMZ
Cryptosporidium parvum, Symptoms:
weight loss
Coccidian protozoal parasites of GIT:
Cryptosporidium parvum Cyclospora cayetanensis Isospora belli
Coccidian protozoal parasites of GIT:
Cyclospora cayetanensis
Isospora belli
Cause severe watery diarrhea.
Cyclospora cayetanensis
Coccidian parasite causing diarrhea, esp. in HIV positive patients.
Cryptosporidium parvum
Common cause of chronic diarrhea in HIV infected patients.
Cyclospora cayetanensis symptom:
Cramps
Coccidian protozoal parasites of GIT:
Cryptosporidium parvum
