Mid Term

Ms. Periwinkle's class is disorderly, despite her one rule, which is "Be a model citizen every day." Students are up and wandering, they talk when they should not, and very little work is getting done because Ms. Periwinkle spends most of her time correcting students' behavior. What advice would you give her?

"Carefully consider your goals for your students and the behaviors you want to see practiced in your classroom. Communicate and then consistently reinforce your rules."

What is an effective classroom manager most likely to do when students are uninterested in the topics under study?

Consider ways to connect the material to students' lives and to use engaging activities as motivators

When Ms. Vane is preparing to move her sixth-graders from one activity to the next, she gives them a five-minute warning, followed by a two-minute warning. What would you say about the effectiveness of this plan?

Ms. Vane's strategy is effective because it eases students into the transition.

Which of the following definitions best describes classroom rules?

Rules are expectations that are enforced at all times, with few exceptions.

Some teachers generally demonstrate high influence behaviors and low affect behavior. What reactions would you expect from their students?

Their students would most likely comply with directives and seek to meet expectations out of a sense of responsibility or fear.

Which of the following behaviors has research most clearly correlated with effective classroom managers?

They are more likely to have students who have desirable academic and social outcomes.

Mr. Franklin's students know that when they arrive in the classroom each period, they should put their backpacks away, turn their homework in, and begin the introductory assignment that is posted on the board. They are not supposed to talk during this time. Which of the following is the most compelling reason Mr. Franklin might have for creating a beginning-of-class transition?

To provide structure, increase efficiency, and prevent unproductive behavior

Miss Vickers recognizes that classrooms are busy, complex places. What is the most compelling reason for her to create a comprehensive classroom management plan?

To simplify the complex classroom environment and let students know what is expected of them

Ms. Trueheart's students believe that she "has eyes in the back of her head." What effective behavior is Ms. Trueheart exhibiting?

Withitness

In keeping with what you know about classroom management, which of the following actions should get Ms. Chestnut's focus on the first teacher work day of a new school year?

Work to arrange the physical space in her classroom in a way that facilitates her instructional goals.

You are in the computer lab with your students as they are researching their favorite authors. All of a sudden, you hear a commotion in one corner of the lab. When you get there, Eva is looking extremely nervous and some students are looking around, embarrassed. Others are laughing. There on Eva's screen is a totally inappropriate picture. You ask her what happened, and she says she clicked on something and that this picture just opened up. You believe that she did not go looking for the picture. What is the best thing to do in this case?

You should introduce a new procedure, teaching students to immediately hit the "back" button and get your attention if they accidentally encounter inappropriate material on the Internet.

Miss Horgan comes to you before the school year starts and says, "I'm worried about my classroom management. One of my art classes contains several students who have learning disabilities and some who have attention disorders." Which of the following pieces of advice would be best to give Miss Horgan?

"Definitely make good use of the experts in your school because they can help you ensure that your instruction meets all students' needs."

Review Figure 3.5 then answer the following question.If you were evaluating this room arrangement according to the principles from this chapter, what feedback for the teacher would be most accurate?

"Hmm. Some kids might have difficulty seeing the board and screen."

All students in Mrs. Leo's class are working quietly on an assignment. After circulating through the room to ensure that each student knows what to do and is working steadily, she goes to sit at her desk. She glances at her "to do" list and sees that tomorrow is the deadline for students to turn in their yearbook order money. She calls for the class's attention and reminds the students that if they haven't turned in their money by tomorrow, they will not have another chance to purchase a yearbook. What would a Kounin likely say if he observed this interaction?"

"If she had waited until the next transition time to announce this, she would have taken less of a chance, management-wise."

Miss Twizzle says to you, "I'm so glad I invested all that effort in building relationships in my class during the first few weeks of school. We really have a good thing going. My students and I like and respect each other and they are generally compliant and hard-working. Now I can get on with the business of teaching my content and stop spending so much time on interpersonal skills and interactions." Which of the following thoughts in response to Ms. Twizzle's statement most reflects the principles of the chapter?

"It sounds like she has made a good start, but she will need to do some work to ensure that the good relationships continue, and that students continue to refine their interpersonal skills."

Mr. Malone drops by your room one day, saying, "My students and I had a great discussion in class today. They were impressive, thinking deeply, making connections, communicating skillfully. The only thing that bothered me was that Javier, Jennifer, and Takia never spoke up at all. They do not like to talk in class, and I know it is not good to let them avoid it ... but I'm not sure how best to involve them." What advice might you give Mr. Malone?

"Maybe you can ease them into it by asking them to comment on what another student has just said."

Which of the following is the best example of group alerting during a lesson?

"Who can tell me how Juliet was feeling at this point in the story?" (teacher pauses for a few seconds, scanning the room) "Yvette, please tell us what you think."

Miss El-Attar has decided to set up a class-wide competition as a way to motivate her students to complete high-quality work. Students earn points for each assignment submitted and for grades that rise above a certain numeric threshold. She comes to you and tells you that it doesn't seem to be working; her students are showing no improvement in assignment submission, nor are they working particularly hard to improve their grades. Given the principles in the chapter, which of the following pieces of advice would make the most sense in this case?

"You should consider whether cultural values that emphasize cooperation over competition might be playing a role."

Mr. Felix is planning a geography unit of study featuring a novel with a young protagonist who time travels to places in the United States and explores aspects of history that have taken place or been commemorated there. For instance, the character visits Independence Hall in Philadelphia, the Gettysburg battlefield in Pennsylvania, and Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.'s crypt in Atlanta. Mr. Felix is thinking of the best way to support Ana and Emliano, two students who immigrated to the United States in the last year and who speak mostly Spanish at home. Which of the following actions that he could take is least in alignment with the principles from this chapter?

Allowing Ana and Emiliano to work on other assignments instead of participating.

One of Ms. Mason's goals is to use more formative assessment in her science class. Which of the following assessments would most help her move toward that goal?

Asking students to identify two takeaways and two questions they have about the day's content

Why might a classroom management expert make the recommendation that teachers consider their room arrangement and organization first as they prepare to begin a school year?

Because room arrangement and organization support all other aspects of classroom management

Beverly is a student who is prone to emotional outbursts when she is corrected or redirected. One morning during science class, Mr. Trurow notices that Beverly is, once again, off task. He walks over near her desk without saying anything to see if his proximity will motivate her to begin working. It doesn't. He catches her eye and gives her a questioning look in hopes of redirecting her. She gives him a blank stare and slumps down in her seat. At that point, Mr. Trurow moves to kneel beside Beverly's desk, puts an arm across the back of her chair, and whispers to her, "I notice you're not working on your assignment."Which of the following outcomes is least likely in this situation?

Beverly will feel that she has been disrespected because Mr. Trurow has addressed her unproductive behavior.

Which of the following statements is the strongest explanation of why teachers can find it challenging to arrange the classroom to best effect?

Classrooms are complex places and even a practical task like room arrangement requires many, many decisions to be made.

Repeated absenteeism can have significant negative effects on students, including putting them at risk academically. Although it is impossible to tell for sure, which of the following cases would be most likely to put a student at significant risk of school failure?

Davis is repeating fifth grade because he was frequently absent when he and his family became homeless and started living in their car.

The classroom environment is complex, and teachers must make many quick decisions throughout the school day. Which of the following options would most effectively reduce complexity and make classes flow more smoothly?

Developing a management plan to provide structure, increase efficiency, and prevent unproductive behavior

Ms. Schmidt reports that almost none of her students are turning in homework assignments. She explains the homework and writes the work to be done on the board each day, so she is frustrated that students aren't submitting much work. When she asks them why they're not getting the work done, they tend to say, "I forgot about it." Which of the following questions is more pertinent in this situation?

Do students write their homework down in a planner or notebook?

Which teacher behavior described below is most obviously undertaken as a means of developing positive and supportive classroom relationships?

During the first week of school, Ms. Kairoff asks students to make posters reflecting their hobbies, then displays the posters on the classroom bulletin board.

Which of the following instructional models are you most likely to see in a typical elementary school setting?

ESL, reading, and special education teachers pulling small groups of students out of the classroom to receive specialized instruction

Common causes of misbehavior during transitions include all but which of the following?

Failure to utilize a high-participation lesson format

Which of the following should receive the most emphasis in a classroom management plan?

Fostering a sense of community and cooperation

Students in Mr. Cometti's class are generally well-behaved, but you notice that when they transition to independent work, they talk more than is desirable and they take a long time to begin their work. Which of the following strategies is least likely to be effective in addressing the problem?

Giving the students more work to do in the allocated time so they'll feel more pressure to begin working immediately

Mr. Jolly exhibits high-influence teaching behaviors. Which of the following actions would you expect to see from him?

Goal setting, explaining, and leading

Ms. Barkley has her students keep a notebook of assignments; they submit the notebook periodically for Ms. Barkley to review. She notes the grade on each assignment in the binder but also has students keep a log of their grades in the back of the notebook. Periodically she makes notes on the grading log to encourage students or to recognize particularly good work. What is the most likely reason for Ms. Barkley to have students keep the grading log?

Having students monitor their own scores is one way to motivate them by helping them recognize their progress on class activities and assignments.

Your students are working independently. As you circulate through the room, checking on their progress, you notice that Laird, whose desk is in the center of the room, is struggling with the material. You realize that he was absent when the foundational material was presented and that you haven't yet gotten a chance to help him get caught up. You vow then that you'll develop a workable procedure for dealing with students returning from absences. Which of the following actions would least help you reach that goal?

Having the affected student continue working on the assignment until near the end of the class period, then giving them a mini-lesson on the missed content.

Luis moved to the United States 18 months ago. When you see him in the hallways or at school events, Luis seems very comfortable speaking English with his peers. He even chats with them before or after class. But during science lessons, he is virtually silent and rarely contributes to class activities unless you question him directly. Which of the following statements describes the most likely reason for this juxtaposition of interaction patterns?

He has mastered casual conversation but struggles with academic vocabulary.

Which statement best illustrates our knowledge about the nature of classroom relationships?

Healthy and supportive classroom relationships directly impact student learning and behavior.

Madelyn is returning to school after a three-week health-related absence. Which of the following teacher actions would be most effective in helping the student transition back into the classroom?

Helping Madelyn prioritize and complete missing work and asking responsible peers to help her

Ms. Jonas is teaching a mathematics lesson. After teaching the content and guiding students through some practice problems, she gives each student a set of problems so they can practice applying their new learning. As soon as she is finished going over the instructions, she moves to her desk at the back of the classroom and begins preparing for the next lesson. How would you assess Ms. Jonas's practice?

Her practice is ineffective because Ms. Jonas should be circulating the room and monitoring students' progress.

Which of the following statements is true regarding parent-teacher relationships?

In the same way teachers are intentional about building positive relationships with their students, they should consider how to best facilitate their relationships with their students' parents or guardians.

Having students work in small collaborative groups would be least effective in which of the following situations?

Introducing new content

Mr. Flitter wants to develop effective rules for his students. Which of the following would be the most logical place for him to start?

Investigating the school rules

Imagine that you have a heterogenous class that includes several English Language Learners, including Romilda, a student who speaks Moldovan and who just recently arrived in the U.S. As you think of ways to support her language development and academic progress, which of the following students would you pair Romilda with in your language arts class?

Irina, who has been in the U.S. for a year and whose native language is Russian

What is the most compelling benefit of providing students with timely and effective feedback?

It decreases the time students spend making errors.

Mrs. Patrick has her upper-grade students practice their graphing skills by plotting their grades on a paper they keep in their notebooks. How do you evaluate her practice?

It is effective because students are often motivated when they carefully consider their own progress.

Ms. Elderberry keeps her seasonal materials in large labeled tubs stacked two tubs high in the closet of her room. Which of the following comments about this storage plan is most accurate?

It is relatively effective because the items are used infrequently and yet are easy to find and access when they are needed.

How is managing a classroom like driving?

It relies on automatic skills that free up mental space to allow for focus on more complex tasks.

How is a classroom management plan like the base of a pyramid?

It sets the foundation upon which all other aspects of the teaching-learning situation rest.

Lena, a student in Ms. Minor's fifth-grade class, is an above-average student; she is a quick learner and has high grades in academic subjects. However, Lena struggles to develop positive classroom relationships and often exhibits attention-seeking behaviors that annoy some of her peers. Given what you know about student development, which of the following reasons is most likely to explain the disparity in Lena's academic and social behaviors?

Lena's academic and social development are progressing unevenly.

Which teacher behavior is least likely to be a positive influence on student outcomes?

Maintaining a professional distance from students as a means of establishing and maintaining authority

If a teacher is not effective at overlapping, which of the following tasks will he handle least effectively?

Managing group activities

Miss Bresnahan has a strict late assignment policy: she accepts late work but takes 5 points off for each day late. Ornella, one of Miss Bresnahan's favorite students, turns in her project three days late; she says she has been really busy and just couldn't get the work done on time. Miss B decides to only penalize Ornella's project, which is extremely well done, by 5 points instead of 15, something she almost never does. Which of the following statements most accurately describes this decision?

Miss Bresnahan's flexibility has violated a boundary.

Miss Jadis is a first-year kindergarten teacher whose students rotate through four learning centers during language arts instruction each day. She leads the first center and her assistant leads the second one; the third and fourth centers are ones that students complete independently. Four students are in each center at any given time. Which of the following strategies is most likely to help students successfully navigate the learning centers?

Miss Jadis should assign each group of students a color then post the order of the groups at each center using color-coding.

In the first week of the school year, Miss May finds herself correcting her third-grade students' behavior fairly often at the start of each period, particularly when it comes to being in their desks ready to work when the bell rings. They often don't have all their materials or have left something in their cubbyholes. Miss May decides to stop correcting them and instead calls the parents of each student who doesn't comply with her expectations. Which of the following statements is most accurate in this situation?

Miss May's choice is ineffective because she has opted for a significant consequence while students are still learning to comply with her expectations.

Pre-service teachers are sometimes surprised at the work that goes into effectively managing a classroom. Which of the following reasons is most likely to account for this fact?

Most pre-service teachers have experience being students but were unaware of the actions their teachers took to manage the classroom.

Lucas, a third-grader, enters his classroom for the first time and says, "Wow! All the desks are in rows!" If you were Lucas, what conclusion might you draw about the nature of instruction in this class?

Most work will be done individually/independently.

Hazel is a student recently diagnosed with an autoimmune disease. Most of the time she feels fine, but she is at risk of catching illnesses from other people. Her doctor has said she should not physically attend school. She is going to be served by her school's homebound services teacher but is also going to participate in Mr. Calhela's class by using video conferencing software. What of the following statements most accurately reflects Mr. Calhela's responsibilities in this situation?

Mr. Calhela should work with the homebound teacher, Hazel's parents, and Hazel herself to make sure she feels included in the class and masters the material.

Mr. Clooney is teaching a lesson about animal adaptations. He asks if any of the students have ever gone hunting and worn camouflage gear. He says, "That reminds me of a funny story!" and proceeds to tell students about a time he fell asleep while hunting and almost fell out of his deer stand. Which of the following statements most accurately reflects Kounin's recommendation?

Mr. Clooney should avoid getting himself sidetracked from the purpose of the lesson.

Mr. Delvin has his students work in groups regularly. At the start of the year, he puts students in groups of four; by the middle of September, it has become obvious that, despite several attempts at intervention, two of the groups are not working well together. In one group, Braxton and Emil have a personality conflict; in the other group, the students constantly argue over whose ideas and decisions are best. Mr. Delvin decides to make changes to the groups, even though typically he leaves students in the same group for an entire grading period. Which of the following statements is true?

Mr. Delvin is making a good decision because the issues in the groups have not been resolved by other interventions.

Mr. Garcia keeps a digital gradebook with students' names in alphabetical order. When his students are finished with their work, they put their papers in a designated tray, alphabetizing them as they do so. How would you evaluate Mr. Garcia's practice?

Mr. Garcia is making an effective choice because as he grades, he can quickly enter grades in his digital gradebook.

When Mr. Griffin is teaching, if one of his students mentions something of interest to him, like music or dogs, Mr. Griffin is likely to interrupt the lesson to tell students a story about some experience he has had, like the time he was hiking and he and his dog saw a bear. Other students typically chime in with their own stories. Which of the following statements is most accurate in this situation?

Mr. Griffin would likely benefit from establishing some firmer boundaries in his relationships with his students.

Mr. Ling, who is of Chinese heritage, has recently taken a job at a public school with a large new-in-country Latinx population. Most of his prior experience (15 years) was teaching white and Asian students at an expensive private school. Which of the following statements is most accurate in this situation?

Mr. Ling should plan to do some investigation about Latinx cultures if he is going to fully meet the needs of his students.

Allison is always quiet in class; she is clearly paying attention but she rarely offers insight or asks questions in whole-class discussions or in group work. Mr. Munro, her teacher, wants her to participate at a higher level.Which of the following statements is likely to be true in this situation?

Mr. Munro should move Allison toward more participation by starting small, perhaps having her talk with a partner about a low-stakes topic.

Mrs. Gudger has a reputation as a teacher who runs a tight ship. She is very clear with her classroom expectations, monitors carefully, and corrects or redirects when necessary. She is not mean or unsympathetic, but she does insist on student's compliance with the classroom agreements and expectations.Which of the following statements is most likely to be true in this case?

Mrs. Gudger is demonstrating behaviors that are associated with effective classroom management.

Mrs. Kaufman's classroom is an organizational nightmare. The desks are crammed together in odd-numbered clusters, there are class and student materials scattered about, old resources are piled in stacks on the group work tables and cabinet tops, and there is far too much "stuff" for the available space.Given what you know about classroom management as it relates to the arrangement of the physical space, which of the following statements is most likely to be true?

Mrs. Kaufman's lack of attention to physical space is likely to, at some points, negatively impact student learning and behavior.

Ms. Avery is a bit concerned about Alicia, one of her third-graders. Alicia did not turn in two assignments last week, and Ms. Avery spoke with her about the missing work each time. Alicia promised that she would be more diligent about doing her work, but today she once again did not turn in her assignment. Ms. Avery decides to call Alicia's parents to talk to them about Alicia's missing work. Which of the following statements is true?

Ms. Avery is making an effective choice because teachers should not wait for a pattern of work avoidance to develop before contacting parents.

Every day after school, Ms. Brookshire spends up to an hour sorting her students' papers from the day's lessons. Students turn all papers into a large tray near the door; Ms. Brookshire takes the stack and then puts them in groups by class and assignment. She then puts them in alphabetical order so she can grade them and easily record the scores in the gradebook. Based on the principles in the text, which of the following statements is most accurate?

Ms. Brookshire should consider developing and teaching a procedure by which students turn in work by class and assignment, placing their papers in alphabetical order as they do so.

When Ms. Martinson is leading her students in a recitation, Beverly gives an incorrect answer to a question. Ms. Martinson responds by asking Beverly question after question to make sure that she understands the concept. Which of the following descriptions is most accurate?

Ms. Martin's strategy is ineffective because it may not only cause Beverly to be embarrassed, it may also slow the pace of the activity.

When Ms. Padgett teaches mathematics, her instructional time typically follows this format: Go over homework with students; have students open their books to the new concept; read the new information in the book aloud to students; assign the students problems from the book to complete for the rest of class time (and finish for homework). Which of the following statements is most accurate?

Ms. Padgett's technique is ineffective because she fails to work problems with the class and to check for understanding before making an assignment.

Ms. Swanson is alone in her classroom one day when Torie comes in. When Ms. Swanson asks her what's up, Torie says that her stepfather has been making inappropriate and unwelcome remarks about Torie's body. As she tells this story, Torie is clearly uncomfortable and Ms. Swanson senses there's more to the story. Which of the following actions reflects the appropriate observance of boundaries in this situation?

Ms. Swanson should connect Torie with the guidance counselor and consult school policies about what teachers are supposed to do when they suspect abuse.

In the teacher's lounge one day, you overhear Ms. Hirsch, an experienced teacher, commenting about one of her colleagues who has just begun teaching. She says, "Ms. Wertheim is really warm and fuzzy with her students. She high fives them and praises their accomplishments. She's setting herself up for a struggle, because students won't recognize her as the unquestioned leader in the classroom." Given what you know about influence and affect, which of the following statements is most accurate?

Ms. Wertheim can have high affect and still be a strong instructional leader as long as she also exhibits appropriate influence.

In general, is phrasing rules with the word "don't" in them good practice?

No, it is ineffective, because it does not help students think of the actions they should be demonstrating.

Ms. Juko wants her students to learn a procedure for moving their desks from rows into clusters when it's time for group work. Which of the following best describes how she should make this happen?

Presenting the procedure step by step, using student volunteers to demonstrate

Ms. Myers expects all papers to be headed with name and date. Which of the following labels describes this expectation?

Procedure

Which of the following is the most compelling reason to avoid public power struggles with students?

Public criticism can cause a student to lose face, which introduces another complication into an already problematic situation.

Ms. Blake says, "I can't seem to get students caught up when they return to school after being absent. They forget to ask me about assignments, and I'm so busy teaching new material that I forget to go over their make-up work with them." What advice would you give Ms. Blake?

Put all missed assignments in a designated place for the student to pick up when they return to school and make time to review them together.

Which of the following statements about pullout instruction in elementary schools is most accurate?

Regular teachers and ESL/special education teachers typically work together to coordinate a schedule of pullout instruction.

Which of the following statements best characterizes the reason schools provide instruction to students who can't attend school?

Schools are responsible for educating all students in their districts.

Miss Markle's class runs smoothly and with a minimal amount of wasted time. Which of the following descriptions is the likeliest explanation of how she achieved this effective flow?

She has carefully planned, taught, and reinforced a clear set of expectations.

When students return from the winter break, Ms. Brummitt notices that she is having to give more behavioral reminders and apply more consequences for students who aren't following class procedures. Which of the following pieces of advice would be most helpful to her in this situation?

She should reteach and rehearse the procedure, providing feedback to students as they practice.

You're observing Miss Robert's class, and you notice that Ethan is not engaged in the lesson. As you think about what factors might be contributing to his lack of engagement, you realize that he is seated far from the whiteboard. Earlier, you noted he was constantly moving around in his workspace, seemingly trying to focus on Miss Roberts.Which statement is most likely to be true in this instance?

Some element of the room arrangement is impacting Ethan's ability to see the instructional presentation and is, thus, contributing to his off-task behavior.

In her fourth-grade class, Ms. Jarvis starts off the school year by drawing parallels between the U.S. Constitution and the need for rules in class. She then asks students to identify broad areas that might be covered by class rules. After students have done so, Ms. Jarvis leads a discussion in which all members of the classroom community work together to identify a set of agreements they will all abide by. What is the most significant benefit of this approach to rule formation?

Students are likely to be more invested in complying with the agreements since they had a voice in creating them.

Which of the following statements most accurately reflects a caution about boundary concerns in relationship development?

Teachers must be mindful of the nature and scope of the relationships they develop with students.

Mr. Peifer asks students to use pencils during math. He looks up one day in the first week of school and sees that Indira is doing her work in pen. Which of the following actions makes the most sense here?

Telling Indira that she should switch to pencil and that next time, he won't accept a math paper done in pen

Use Figure 3.6 in the book to answer the question. With regard to accessibility, which of the statements below is most applicable?

The arrangement is relatively free of accessibility issues.

When Ms. Ayres returns graded papers to students, she asks them to correct the errors they have made. How do you evaluate her practice?

The practice is effective because it allows students to use the feedback they receive and extend their learning.

As students finish up an assignment in Ms. Lee's class, she quickly looks over it and grades it on the spot. How would you evaluate her practice?

The practice is effective because it is fast, personal, and efficient.

Mrs. Wilkinson is known in your school as a tough grader. She has a policy that if work is not submitted when and where it's supposed to be, the student will get a zero in the gradebook. How would you evaluate her practice?

The practice is ineffective because it is liable to result in several students receiving poor grades even though they may know the content.

As she creates her online course, a teacher creates an interactive video lecture. Students watch for a few minutes, then the video stops and a multiple choice question about the content pops up. When students answer the question, their responses are sent to the electronic gradebook. What is the most likely purpose of the periodic questions in this activity?

The questions are designed to keep the students engaged and to let the teacher know whether or not the students are understanding the video's content.

During Ms. Shaunak's fourth-grade social studies lesson, three students have their phones out, one is asleep with his head on the desk, and one gets up and goes to the restroom. Yesterday in the same class, Gabe and Deshi wandered around the classroom during the class discussion. What is the most likely explanation for these student behaviors?

The teacher is not doing anything to address the problems.

Which of the following statements about transitions is most accurate?

Transitions occur any time classes or activities start or stop.

Miguel, a student who is usually present in class, has been absent for three days and Ms. Crump is wondering whether he is okay. Which of the following teacher actions would be the most important in this situation?

Trying to contact Miguel's parents

Your friend Idoia has just been offered a job teaching sixth grade at Rachel Brown Elementary School. As she's deciding whether or not to accept it, she says the principal mentioned that she would be part of a team of teachers serving about 115 students. The student population is diverse; 12 students receive special education services; a number of students have arrived in the country in the last 18 months and need to build proficiency in English; about half of the students come from families for whom food, money, and resources are in short supply. There are several questions Idoia should ask as she considers the position. Which of the following questions is least likely to help Idoia make her decision?

What resources does the school have to support English Language Learners and families who need material support?

It is the beginning of the school day on a cool October morning. Students in your fifth-grade class arrive at the classroom, and, without being reminded, they unpack, put their book bags away, turn in their homework folders, sharpen their pencils, sit down, and begin doing the morning work that you have written on the board. Which of the following statements is most accurate in this instance?

Your hard work in teaching morning procedures has paid off.

Arnell is a special education student whose physical condition has gradually deteriorated until he can no longer attend school. He works with the homebound services teacher and with Ms. Nichols, the special education teacher at the school. Ms. Nichols encourages Arnell to join the class via Zoom® videoconferencing; she also makes a point to have Arnell and his friends Zola and Reggie have a social Zoom® call every other day during lunchtime. Ms. Nichols' motivation for facilitating this casual, unstructured interaction is most likely to be that it is

a way of helping Arnell stay connected at school and meeting his social/emotional needs.