midterm flashcards cisp 300

Main memory is also known as RAM

True

A bit that is turned off is represented by the value -1.

false

A condition-controlled loop always repeats a specific number of times.

false

A flowchart shows the hierarchical relationships between modules in a program.

false

A module can have two variables of the same name because they are within the same scope.

false

A named constant can be assigned a value using a Set statement.

false

A pass by reference argument establishes a two-way communication with the module, but the value of the argument cannot be modified via the reference variable.

false

A posttest loop does not perform any iteration if the Boolean expression is false to begin with.

false

A program can be made of only one type of control structure. You cannot combine structures.

false

A programmer is different than a software developer, as a programmer only programs the computer, but does not design or test the programs.

false

A single alternative decision structure tests a condition and then takes one path if the condition is true, or another path if the condition is false.

false

A statement in one module can access a local variable in another module.

false

An If statement will produce unpredictable results if the programmer does not use proper indentations in pseudocode.

false

An uninitialized variable is a variable that has been declared and automatically initialized to zero.

false

Assembly language is considered a high-level language.

false

Calling a module and defining a module mean the same thing.

false

Computers are designed to do just one job.

false

In a For loop, the programmer should know the exact number of iterations the loop must perform before writing the code.

false

In a case-sensitive comparison, the strings "yoda" and "YODA" are equivalent.

false

In a nested loop, the outer loop goes through all of its iterations for every single iteration of the inner loop.

false

In the For statement, you can only use positive integers as step values.

false

Internal documentation refers to books and manuals that document a program, and are intended for use within a company's programming department.

false

It is not necessary to initialize accumulator variables.

false

It is not possible to increment a counter variable by any value other than 1.

false

It is possible to write a complete program using only a decision structure.

false

Modules make it impossible for programmers to work in teams.

false

Most languages do not allow you to write modules that accept multiple arguments.

false

Ovals are used as terminal symbols marking the starting and end of the pseudocode.

false

Programmers must be careful not to make syntax errors when writing pseudocode programs.

false

Programming languages have not yet started to support localization.

false

Programs are commonly referred to as hardware.

false

Programs that use an interpreter generally execute faster than compiled programs because they are already entirely translated into machine language when executed.

false

Pseudocode could be logically incorrect if not properly indented.

false

The Do-While loop is a pretest loop.

false

The If-Then-Else statement should be used to write a single alternative decision structure.

false

The While loop gets its name from the way it works: While a condition is false, do some task.

false

The While loop will never execute if its condition is true to start with.

false

The code for a library function must appear in a program in order for the program to call the library function.

false

The expressions (a + b) / c and a + b / c will always yield identical results.

false

The library functions in every programming language have the same function names and accept the same arguments, but their behaviors might differ slightly.

false

The number of arguments that can be passed to a function are limited in most programming languages.

false

The scope of the parameter variables is the entire program and it is visible to any statement in the program.

false

The short-circuit evaluation is performed with expressions containing any logical operators.

false

The term software refers to all the physical devices or components that a computer is made of.

false

The toInteger function accepts a real number as its argument and preserves any fractional part in the returned number.

false

Today, CPUs are huge devices made of electrical and mechanical components such as vacuum tubes and switches.

false

Windows Vista, Linux, UNIX®, and Mac OS X are all examples of application software.

false

You cannot display the contents of the counter variable in the body of a loop.

false

A hierarchy chart does not show the steps that are taken inside a module.

true

A nested decision structure can achieve the same logic as a case structure.

true

A nested decision structure can be used to test more than one condition.

true

A sequence of characters that is used as data is called a string in programming.

true

A variable is a storage location in memory that is represented by a name and can hold different values during the execution of the program.

true

An attempt to pass a non-variable argument into a reference variable parameter will cause an error.

true

An interpreter is a program that both translates and executes the instructions in a high-level language program.

true

Any piece of data that is stored in a computer's memory must be stored as a binary number.

true

Complex mathematical expressions can sometimes be simplified by breaking out part of the expression and putting it in a function.

true

Decision structures are also known as selection structures.

true

Each instruction written in a high-level programming language is called a statement.

true

In a case-insensitive comparison, the strings "yoda" and "YODA" are equivalent.

true

In a math expression, multiplication and division take place before addition and subtraction.

true

In a nested loop, the inner loop goes through all of its iterations for every single iteration of the outer loop.

true

In an expression with an OR operator, it does not matter which sub expression is true for the compound expression to be true.

true

In most programming languages, you cannot have two variables with the same name in the same scope.

true

In some languages you must use a library function to raise a number to a power.

true

It has been proven by a group of mathematicians that all programs can be written using only three structures.

true

Module names should be as short as possible.

true

Modules can be called from statements in the body of any loop.

true

Modules can be written for commonly needed tasks, and those modules can be incorporated into each program that needs them.

true

Most programming languages do not automatically print spaces between multiple items that are displayed on the screen.

true

Most programming languages let you assign an integer value to a real variable without causing an error.

true

Programmers start writing code as the first step when they begin a new project.

true

Programmers use pseudocode to create "mock-ups" of programs because they do not have to worry about syntax rules.

true

Programming languages typically require that arguments be of the same data type as the parameters that they are passed to.

true

RAM is a volatile memory used for temporary storage while a program is running.

true

Random numbers are useful in simulation programs where the computer must randomly decide how an object will behave.

true

The "If-Then-Else If" statement can be used to simplify a complex nested decision structure.

true

The While loop is known as a pretest loop, which means it tests its condition before performing an iteration.

true

The arguments in a module call and the parameters listed in the module header must be of compatible data types.

true

The conditions that control a loop repetition are Boolean expressions.

true

The function body follows the function header in a function definition.

true

The hierarchy chart does not reveal any details of the steps taken inside the module.

true

The instruction set for a microprocessor is unique and is typically understood only by the microprocessors of the same brand.

true

The main reason for using secondary storage is to hold data for long periods of time even when the power to the computer is turned off.

true

The parameter list that accepts arguments is optional in a function definition.

true

The scope of a variable is the segment of the program in which the variable can be accessed

true

The top-down design process is sometimes called stepwise refinement.

true

The value of a named constant cannot be changed during the program's execution.

true

The value that is returned from a function can be used just like any other value.

true

Uninitialized variables are a common cause of errors

true

When a function finishes, it returns a value back to the part of the program that called it.

true

When an argument is passed by value, the communication channel works only in one direction.

true

You should not write code that modifies the contents of the counter variable in the body of a For loop.

true