MIDTERM Origin of the Filipino Race

Language (intangible heritage)

"In Tagalog, emotion is dalamhati (literally, "inside the liver") and intense feelings of grief, yearning, and happiness are pghati, lunggati, and luwalhati (Resil Mojares, "Heart and Liver).

Cuisine (intangible heritage)

"Philippine foodways clearly reflect Philippine history: the foreign influences being indiginized into a changing culture. An exploration of these patterns will obviously provide a key to the understanding of national identiy. The study of food as culture within the context of colonization leads to an understanding of the fate of the local culture under the hegemony of the dominant cultures of the colonizers" (Doreen Fernandez, Tikim)

Intangible Heritage

culture (traditions, customs, values, trades and skills)

Benefits of Cultural Conservation

"When cultural heritage is appreciated, enhanced and enriched, socio-cultural, religious, political and economic gains are manifested.. The value of cultural heritage is seen in the strengthening of the sense of national, regional, and local identity, as its value is complementary to other goods and services in which the external benefits- as part of the education and acculturation of the young" (Dick Netzer)

Related institutions, entities, and laws

- Historic Preservation Division, under the National Historical Commission of the Philippines - National Commission for Culture and the Arts - Heritage Conservation Society (non- government organization) - Republic Act no. 10066, or the National Cultural Heritage Act of 2009

the World Heritage List includes six Philippines properties:

1. Tubbataha Reef National Marine Park 2. Rice Terraces of the Philippine Cordilleras 3. Historic City of Vigan 4. Puerto- Princesa SUbterranean River National Park 5. Baroque Churches of the Philippines 6. Mount Hamiguitan Range Wildlife Sanctuary

oldest house:

1730 Jesuit House, Cebu

Filipino Cultural Heritage

Cultural Heritage refers to "the totality of cultural property preserved and developed through time and passed on to posterity" (RA10066). "Heritage is our legacy from the past, what we live with today, and what we pass on to future generations" (World Heritage Commission, UNESCO).

Languages

a total of 172 native languages and dialects are spoken, all belonging to the Austronesian linguistic family. Since 1939, in an effort to develop national unity, the government has promoted the use of the official national language, Tagalog. Visayan (also pronounce Bisayan) is widely spoken throughout the middle islands known as the Visayans and in many areas of Mindanao. English is the predominant non-native language. Other foreign languages spoken are Chinese (Hokkien) and Cantonese Chinese, among the Chinise and Chinese-mestizo population; Arabic and Malay among some members of the Muslim population; and Spanish preserved and spoken by some families within the Spanish-mestizo minority Most Filipinos speak at least two languages. Many speak three of more fluently. Most children begin studying Tagalog and English when they start kindergarten, regardless of what their local language is.

Religion

according to the 2000 Cencus, 81.04% of all Filipinos are Roman Catholics, while 5.06% are adherents of Islam in the Philippines, and 2.82% are Born Again Christians. The remaining 11.08% include the Iglesia ni Cristo, Aglipayan, Mormon adherents, as well as that of other minority religions, such as Buddhism and Hinduism. Roman Catholics and Protestants were converted during 425 years of Western domination by Spain and the United States. 377 years of Spanish rule was responsible for converting the majority of the people to Roman Catholicism. Roman Catholicism still subsists as a major religion. Often still, Catholic Filipinos mix Catholic beliefes and traditions with beliefs in ghosts and other spirits. Protestant denominations were introduced to the Philippines primarily during the 37 years of American occupation

Demographics of the Philippines

according to the 2000 cencus, the population of the Philippines was 76,504,077. The Aeta, who are genetically akin to Andamese islanders and are known as the aboriginal inhabitants of the Philippines, constituting a distinct stock, number somewhere between 20,000 and 30,000 people (<0.03 percent). The overwhelming majority of the population (95%), known as ethnic Filipinos, are made up of various ethnolinguistic groups descended from later Austronesian- speaking migrants who arrived in successive waves to the archipelago from Taiwan and admixed with other sporadic migrations from the Asian mainland (what is today southern China).

Article 1, Policies and Principles, Sec. 2 of the National Cultural Heritage Act of 2009

declares that the State shall foster the preservation, enrichment, and dynamic evolution of a Filipino culture based on the principle and unity in diversity in a climate of free artistic and intellectual expression. According to the Heritage Conservation Society, "conservation" entails "all the processes and measures of maintaining the cultural significance of a cultural property, including, but no limited to, preservation, reconstruction, protection, adaptation, or any combination thereof.

Tangible Heritage

environment (natural landscapes and coastal and inland water sources) Flora and Fauna Man-Made structures

Alexander Mccall Smith, The No. 1 Ladies' Detective Agency

every man has a map in his own country and that the heart will never allow you to forget this map (p.18)

Ethnic Groups

the majority of the people in the Philippines are of Austronesian descent who migrated from Taiwan during the Iron Age. They are called ethnic Filipinos. The largest Filipino ethnic groups include the Tagalog, Cebuano, Ilocano, Bicolano, Kapampangan, Maranao, Maguindanao, and Tausug. About 8% of all Filipinos of Austronesia descent are tribal peoples. The aborigines of the Philippines, called as Aeta, who are descended from Negritos of the Andaman Islands, now constitute only 0.003% of the entire population.