Milady Nail Technician Chapter 15 Electric Filing

maintenance

The term used for a nail enhancement that needs to be serviced after 2 or more 3 weeks from the initial application of the nail enhancement products. The _____ service allows the professional to apply the enhancement product to the new growth of the nail, commonly referred to as a fill or backfill, and to structurally correct the nail to ensure its strength, shape, and durability; this is commonly referred to as a rebalance

tolerance

The tightness of the inside of the shank where the bits fit into the handpiece

traditional, one-way, cross-cut, and pointed flutes that cut in both directions

There are four types of carbide bits

carbide, diamond, gold, silver, natural nail, and sanding bands

There are many different styles of bits available in ______, these bit styles are available in a variety of grits and shapes

sanding and arbor bands

These are one use only paper bits that slip onto a mandrel. They are generally used for shortening and shaping the top surface of the nails, removing a gel sealant, and filing calluses on feet.

small and large barrel bits

These bits are used to shorten the length and shape the surface of the nail, the flat top of the bit can be used to cut a new smile line as well

sanding and arbor bands

These bits should not be used at the cuticle area as they can easily cause rings of fire damage to the nails

fulcrum

This occurs when you balance the tip of one pinky finger to the tip of the pinky finger on the other hand as you work. By doing this, you will tgake the negative pressure off the bit and displace it with the _____ finger

needle bits

This pointed bit is usually as slim as the actual shank of a bit. It can be used at the cuticle, underneath the nail, in small, tight spaces, and for specialty design work

tapered barrel bits

This shorter, cone shaped bit is designed with a flat top and can be used to shape the top surface of the nail and to cut maintenance on small nails at a flat angle and at the cuticle and sidewalls as well as to prep the cuticle area product for a fill

cuticle safety bit

This shorter, tapered shape and round top of this bit allow the nail tech to get into the cuticle area and sidewalls to bevel the nail enhancement flush with the natural nail without causing damage or discomfort to the client, this bit is perfect for beveling the enhancement at the cuticle during the fill process

cone-shaped bits

This slim, long, tapered, and pointed bit can be used at the cuticle, underneath the nail, on top of the nail, and to prep the cuticle area for a fill

microshattering

Tiny cracks in nail enhancements as they age with wear and become brittle; can also be caused by aggressive filing with or without an electric file

fill or backfill

To apply enhancement product onto new growth of nail is referred to as

flat-tipped barrel, backfill bit, or bullet bit

To fix a crack use _______ and place it sideways into the crack. Slowly bevel a trench with the body of the bit, exposing the crack so that new product can fill in the groove and reinforce that area

medium-grit

To prepare nail enhancements for a maintenance service, use a ______ bit to smooth old product in growth area of the nail. Keep bit parallel to the nail and reduce the product down to the natural nail without touching the nail itself. Use a round -tipped safety edge for this procedure.

rebalance

To structurally correct the nail to ensure its strength, shape, and durability is commonly referred to as

downward, flat, slightly angled up

Use a _____ angle for the bottom of the nail, ______ to the nail for the center and _____ for the top of the nail, not the cuticle area. Use a safety bit for the cuticle area

round-tipped bit

Use a _____ at the cuticle area, holding the bit flat to the nail. This will safely allow the angle of the bit to do the contouring of the cuticle product, change the angle (east, north, west) of how you hold the bit (keeping it flat to the nail) to get in the sidewalls of the cuticle area

medium coarse or barrel bit

Using a ______ or _______, hold the bit to the tip of the nail at a 90 degree angle, making sure you have a firm grip. Use a faster RPM and quickly move back and forth on the outer surface to shorten the nail

high-shine bits

What bits are one use only

the bit will become bent and wobble

What can happen if you drop a bit while it is in the handpiece

1/8" (3.2 mm)

What size shank can not be used in a professional electric file

diamond or sanding bands, natural nail, and buffing bits

What type of bits have grits

micromotor machines

What types of electric files are most often used by nail professionals

barrel bit, sanders, or a tapered barrel

What variety of bits can you use to shape the top surface of the nail

cross-cut

With _____ carbides, the grooves are cut at the same angle and shave evenly when filing back and forth.

toenails

You also may find some pedicure bits with rounded edges on the top, these can be used along side of _____ on callused skin.

metal bit or sanding band

You should never use a ______ or _______ on the natural nail plate unless you have experience carrying out this procedure safely.

bog down, stop

Your handpiece should not _____ or _____ rotating when you apply pressure; if it does then there is not enough torque, again more expensive handpieces have better torque

4 to 6 ounces

Your handpiece should weigh approximately _________, should be comfortable in your hand, and have virtually no vibration

cross-cut carbides, pointed flutes

_____ and _____ can be used to file in both directions and in back and forth filing motion

jewelry and specialty bits

_____ are long, slender carbide bit configured to drill a hole into the free edge of a nail enhancement to attach nail jewelry. Only use these bits on the extended free edge of the nail and never on the nail bed.

diamond bits

_____ are made from either natural or synthetic diamond particles attached to the surface of metal bits, come in various grits, file the surface of the product, and can be used in a back and forth motion when the machine is in either the forward or reverse position

prepper bits

_____ are similar to a tapered barrel shape but slightly smaller. They come in various grits.

pedicure bits

_____ are usually cone-shaped and made of diamond or sapphire material. They work best for smoothing and contouring dry, callused skin. Most come with longer shanks, some have hallow centers to ensure that they do not heat up quickly.

buffing oils

_____ can enhance your finish work by reducing heat and holding dust on the surface of the bit. Use them sparingly, as they can seep up the neck of the bit into the handpiece and cause damage

one-way

_____ carbides can be used only in one direction and are usually made for right handed nail technicians

traditional

_____ carbides must be used from right to left with the machine in forward rotation

rubber synthetic natural nail bits

_____ come in three different color grits (yellow, black, green) and three different shapes ( long barrel shape with a flat top and two different sizes with rounded tips). Use these bits to buff the surface of the natural nailor to smooth the cuticle area

hand-held

_____ micromotors have their power source and handpiece combined, the result is a much larger unit that may be more difficult to manage than a two-piece unit

carbide bits

_____ require less pressure to shave the product because it is sharper

fine

_____ sanding bands are good for smoothing the surface of toenails in preparation for nail enhancements

diamond and sanding bits

______ and ______ require greater pressure when filing and do heat up faster

carbide bits

______ are made of carbide metal with flute-like cuts that shave the enhancement product instead of scratching it the way the file, sanding bands, and diamond bits do

mandrels

______ are the metal or rubber bits that are inserted into the handpiece. The sanding bands or arbor bands are slipped over it

barrel-shaped or tapered bits

______ or ______, in any size, are best to use under the free edge to refine C-curves, choose the size of bit depending on the size of the underside of the C-curve you are refining

higher

______ quality diamond bits have more consistency in construction because each particle on every bit is cut the same size and shape and then adhered to a stainless steel blank bit

high-shine bits

______, sometimes called buffer bits, are usually made of chamois, cotton, or soft leather material. They are used on the nail with buffing cream to create a high shine. They are one use bits only.

buffing cream

After filing to a smooth finish, nail enhancements can be shined with a buffing bit and ______. Lift the bit frequently and do not apply to much pressure; these bits can heat up quickly and burn your client

pinky

Balance your hands by using the _____ finger as the fulcrum finger ( for balance point).

concentric bits

Balanced bits that do not wobble or vibrate

diamond or sanding bands, natural nail, buffing bits

Bits that come with grits are

carbide bits

Bits that shave the surface of the product and create heavier dust particles that are directed downward towards the table and onto your hands are

maintenance bits

Bits used to perform the maintenance procedure are commonly marked and referred to as backfill bits. The backfill bit was originally designed to trench (carve) out the growth of a smile line and to replace white tip powder

scratch the nail enhancement

Check to see whether the particles on the bit are larger in some areas, missing, or unevenly distributed, bits with these kinds of surfaces will _____ as you file, instead of refining it

variable speed

Complete range of speed from lowest to highest

lower

Diamond bits vary significantly in quality and price, but all are capable of accomplishing the same procedures; _____ quality bits cost less but leave scratches on the surface of the product

dry

Electric filing on foot calluses needs to be done when the foot is _____.

coarser to finer

Graduating grits is the key to finishing nails without leaving scratches. Graduate from _____ to _____, as with hand-held abrasives, and remove the dust each time, in between changing bits as you graduate.

rings of fire

Grooves carved into the nail caused b y filing with bits at the incorrect angle

pressing down to hard and leaving the bit on the nail too long when filing

Heat is caused by _____ and ______, lift the bit off of the nail frequently while working and adjust the speed slightly higher so you can use less pressure as you continue to file

pencil

Hold your handpiece like a ______ for comfort and control

by the number of flutes in each bit

How are carbide bits measured

by the number of abrasive particles per square inch

How do you measure grit

using

How much you plan on _____ the electric file will dictate how much you should spend

concentricity

If the _____ is not perfect, the bit may actually be hitting the nail as it spins, causing damage and microshattering

dull the edges with a hand file with bit spinning on low speed

If the edges of a bit are sharp, what should you do

throw off the concentricity and render the bit unusable

If you drop your bit while its in the handpiece, it may become bent; this will

bits

Improper filing techniques , not the ______, cause heat when using an electric file.

higher, finner

In _____ number grits the particles are smaller and therefore _____, more of them are needed to cover the square inch

fine

It is recommended that you use a _____ grit on a natural nail to prep it at the cuticle area for nail enhancements work

rust

Leaving a file bit in disinfectant solution for more than 10 minutes at a time can cause it to _____

0 and35,000

Machines vary in RPM capacity, between

changing bits

Most machines have a twist lock or puch chucks for ease in

micromotor

Most professional electric filing machines are called ______ machines, where the motor is actually located inside the handpiece

pair of nippers

Never trim or remove loose nail product with a ______. It causes the remaining product, which may be loose, to pull away from the healthy nail, causing damage to the nail plate.

grit

Number of abrasive particles per square inch

friction, friction

Pressure causes _____, ______ causes heat.

hand file

Rubber bits wear down quickly and can be reshaped in between use with a clean _____ at a low speed

diamond bits

Slightly heavier dust particles that do not fly as high into the air and are no as likely to enter your breathing zone are created by

rings of fire damage

Small and large barrel bits should not be used at the cuticle area as they can produce _____ to the nails

torque

Smaller micromotor machines are battery operated and, you will have approximately 2 to 6 or moire hours before having to recharge it, these models are small, compact, and powerful but some may have much less ______

slots, openings

Some handpieces have _____ or _____ that allow dust and debris to get inside the file; this can damage the motor

under-the-nail cleaner (UNC)

The _____ bit is a small, pointed bit that can be used for tight spaces such as underneath the nail, sidewalls, and for making designer holes in nails. The point size varies from manufacturer to manufacturer

coarser, lower

The _____ the grit; the _____ the grit number will be and and the larger each individual piece of grit will be to cover the square inch

football-shaped

The ______ bit also can be used for underneath the nails and the cuticle area. It does have a point on the top that can damage the hyponychium, so use it with care. This bit is perfect for finishing the underside surface of long curved nails

natural nail discs

The ______ has a diamond surface that is used flat on the tip of the natural nail to shorten and shape. The outer edge is made of metal or plastic and acts as a safety edge when you file.

bullet bits

The ______ is a small, slender bit that is available in a flat-topped or round-tipped version and is similar to the UNC bit. Many nail technicians use this bit in a fine diamond style to prep the natural nail at the cuticle area for enhancements

3/32" (2.38 mm)

The industry standard shank size for electric files is

it allows the tech to apply enhancement product onto the new growth of nail (commonly referred to as fill or backfill), and to structurally correct the nail to ensure its strength, shape and durability (this is commonly referred to as a rebalance)

The maintenance service actually accomplishes two goals:

revolutions per minute (RPM)

The number of times a bit turns in a complete circle in one minute

torque

The power of the machine or its ability to keep turning when pressure is applied during filing

sanders or sleeves

The smallest dust particles are caused by _____ or _____. the dust is finer and flies higher into the air and can enter you breathing zone.

slow

The suggested speed of cuticle work is

medium

The suggested speed of maintenance work is

fast

The suggested speed of surface work is

french fill bits

A ______ was designed to use sideways to carve out a "V" into the smile line area during a maintenance procedure. Made in diamond style only, these bits come in several sizes

bits

A filing tool that inserts into a handpiece that actually does the filing

flute

A long, slender cut or groove found on carbide bits