MIS Chapter 5

A(n)________ is used to communicate between a user and an organization's back-end systems.

D) application server

A client computer networked to a server computer, with processing split between the two types of machines, is called a(n):

D) two-tiered client/server architecture.

Which model can be used to analyze the direct and indirect costs to help firms determine the actual cost of specific technology implementations?

E) Total cost of ownership

________ are created by combining and customizing components from different online software applications.

E) Web mashups

Which of the following factors does not help explain why computing resources today are even more available than in previous decades?

E) Widespread rejection of technology standards

________ provides a standard format for data exchange, enabling web services to pass data from one process to another.

E) XML

Interpretations of Moore's law assert that:

E) computing power doubles every 18 months.

The development of TCP/IP occurred during the ________ era.

E) enterprise computing

SaaS refers to:

E) hosting and managing access to software applications delivered over the Internet to clients on a subscription basis.

The ability to be in multiple states at once, dramatically increasing processing power, is a hallmark of:

E) quantum computing.

All of the following are cloud computing services except:

E) virtualization as a service.

Hardware and software acquisition costs account for about ________ percent of TCO.

A) 20

________ states that the value or power of a network grows exponentially as a function of the number of network members.

A) Metcalfe's Law

Which of the following types of computing involves purchasing computing power from a remote provider and paying only for the computing power used?

A) On-demand

Which of the following is not an IT infrastructure service component?

A) Operating system software

Which of the following is an example of a legacy system?

A) Transaction processing system running on a mainframe

Which of the following is a multitasking, multi-user, operating system developed by Bell Laboratories that operates on a wide variety of computing platforms?

A) Unix

Which of the following became the standard PC in the Personal Computer Era?

A) Wintel PC

Which of the following is the foundation technology for web services?

A) XML

Running a Java program on a computer requires:

A) a Java Virtual Machine to be installed on that computer.

The introduction of the minicomputer:

A) allowed computers to be customized to the specific needs of departments or business units.

The marketplace for computer hardware:

A) has become increasingly concentrated in top firms.

A(n) ________ is an integrated circuit to which two or more processors have been attached for enhanced performance and reduced power consumption.

A) multicore processor

Software that manages the resources of the computer is called:

A) operating system software.

The practice of contracting custom software development to an outside firm is commonly referred to as:

A) outsourcing.

Prewritten, commercially available sets of software programs that eliminate the need for a firm to write its own software programs for certain functions, are referred to as:

A) software packages.

Sets of loosely coupled software components that exchange information with each other using standard web communication standards and languages are referred to as:

A) web services.

Place the following eras of IT infrastructure evolution in order, from earliest to most recent: 1. Cloud Computing Era; 2. Client/Server; 3. Enterprise Era; 4. Personal Computer; and 5. Mainframe and Minicomputer.

B) 5, 4, 2, 3, 1

Which of the following is the most popular mobile operating system?

B) Android

________ uses individual atoms and molecules to create computer chips and other devices.

B) Nanotechnology

A formal contract between customers and their service providers that outlines the specific responsibilities of the service provider and to the customer is called a(n):

B) SLA.

Which of the following refers to the ability of a computer, product, or system to expand to serve a larger number of users without breaking down?

B) Scalability

Which of the following is a recent addition to the mobile digital platform?

B) Wearable computing devices

A SAN is a ________ network.

B) storage area

In a multi-tiered network:

B) the work of the entire network is balanced over several levels of servers.

Which of the following is the network standard for connecting desktop computers into local area networks that enabled the widespread adoption of client/server computing and local area networks and further stimulated the adoption of personal computers?

C) Ethernet

Which of the following involves practices and technologies to minimize the environmental effects of manufacturing and managing computing devices?

C) Green computing

How would you determine the market demand for your firm's IT services?

C) Hold focus groups to assess your services

Which of the following statements about Linux is not true?

C) It has garnered 20 percent of the server operating system market.

________ interfaces allow users to employ one or more fingers to manipulate objects on a screen without a mouse or keyboard.

C) Multitouch

Which of the following refers to a set of self-contained services that communicate with each other to create a working software application?

C) SOA

Which of the following is not an example of a wearable computing device?

C) Smartphones

Which of the following enables a single physical resource (such as a server or a storage device) to appear to the user as multiple logical resources?

C) Virtualization

Today's nanotechnology-produced computer transistors are roughly equivalent in size to:

C) a virus.

Linux is:

C) an example of open-source software.

A software program with a graphical user interface for displaying web pages and for accessing the web and other Internet resources is called a web:

C) browser.

Specifications that establish the compatibility of products and the ability to communicate in a network are called:

C) technology standards.

Firms that allow employees to use their own devices are embracing which of the following?

D) BYOD

Which of the following is not an example of the mobile digital platform?

D) CRM

Which type of software is created and updated by a worldwide community of programmers and available for free?

D) Open source

Which type of infrastructure service provides data, voice and video connectivity to employees, customers, and suppliers?

D) Telecommunications

All of the following are current hardware platform trends except:

D) Unix.

Which of the following is not one of the main six factors to consider when evaluating how much your firm should spend on IT infrastructure?

D) Your firm's organizational culture

ZipRealty, which combines Google Maps with real estate data, is an example of:

D) a mashup.

At what percent of capacity do most servers operate?

E) 15-20%

Which of the following is not an example of the consumerization of IT?

E) Amazon Web Services

________ are computers consisting of a circuit board with processors, memory, and network connections that are stored in racks.

E) Blade servers

Which of the following is a leading networking hardware provider?

E) Cisco

Which of the following is not one of the current software platform trends?

E) Multicore processors

Which of the following is not one of the NIST defined characteristics of cloud computing?

E) Reduced elasticity