MIS Test 2

Peter had to correct an E-R model because an entity instance of the supertype was not a member of some subtype in the relationship. The E-R model broke the ________ rule. A) Total specialization B) Partial specialization C) Overlap D) Disjoint

Total specialization

A(n) ________ is an assertion or rule that governs the validity of data manipulationoperations such as insert, update, and delete. A) Domain B) Event C) Referential integrity D) Triggering operation

Triggering operation

The business rule that protects the validity of attribute values. A) Entity integrity B) Referential integrity constraints C) Domains D) Triggering operations

Triggering operations

All of the following are business rules except ________. A) Entity integrity B) Unary relationship C) Domains D) Triggering operations

Unary relationship

In an entity relationship diagram if one person may only be married to one other person, therelationship is a ________. A) Unary relationship B) Binary relationship C) Ternary relationship D) Bilateral relationship

Unary relationship

A data flow to a data store means ________. A) Join B) Update C) Process D) Fork

Update

Which relationship is the most common type of relationship encountered in data modeling? A) Ternary B) Dual C) Binary D) Unary

Binary

________ rules are specifications that preserve the integrity of the logical data model. A) Business B) Disjoint C) Overlap D) Total specialization

Business

The ________ defines the number of instances of entity B that can (or must) be associatedwith each instance of entity A. A) Cardinality B) Relationship C) Identifier D) Association

Cardinality

The ________ of a relationship is the number of entity types that participate in that relationship. A) Angle B) Degree C) Number of steps between entities D) Attributes

Degree

To convert a relation to second normal form, you decompose the relation into new relationsusing the attributes, called ________, that determine other attributes. A) Pointers B) Determinants C) Relations D) Transitives

Determinants

All of the following are advantages to incorporating business rules in the repository except________. A) Reduces maintenanceB) Faster application development C) Faster response to business changes D) Does not promote ease of use of a database

Does not promote ease of use of a database

The business rule that enforces constraints on valid values for attributes. A) Entity integrity B) Referential integrity constraints C) Domains D) Triggering operations

Domains

Which of the following is an example of a primary key? A) Number of children B) Physical address C) Last name D) Driver's license number

Driver's license number

A(n) ________ must satisfy referential integrity, which specifies that the value of anattribute in one relation depends on the value of the same attribute in another relation. A) Foreign key B) Primary key C) Unique key D) Index

Foreign key

In some situations, a single attribute name, called a(n) ________, may have more than onemeaning or describe more than one characteristic. A) Homonym B) Antonym C) Synonym D) Duplicate

Homonym

In logical database modeling and design, we combine normalized data requirements from alluser interfaces into one consolidated logical database model; this step is called view ________ .A) Summation B) Integration C) Addition D) Combination

Integration

Normalized relations are, of course, the result of ________ database design .A) Physical B) Logical C) Conceptual D) Conventional

Logical

________ are used in file organizations when it is not possible to store related data next toeach other. A) Pointers B) Physical tables C) Relations D) Physical files

Pointer

_______ are used in file organizations when it is not possible to store related data next toeach other. A) Pointers B) Physical tables C) Relations D) Physical files

Pointers

Data cannot move directly from one data store to another data store. Data must be moved by a ________. A) Process B) Fork C) Source/sink D) Gateway

Process

Data flow repository entries typically will NOT include ________. A) The label or name for the data flow as entered on the DFDs B) A list of other repository objects grouped into categories by type of object C) The composition or list of data elements contained in the data flow D) A long description defining the data flow

A long description or list of data elements contained in the data flow

Which relation is created with a composite primary key using the primary keys of therelated entities and additional primary key attributes associated with the relationship orassociative entity, plus any non-key attributes of the relationship or associative entity? A) Binary 1:N relationship B) Associative entity C) Associative entity with its own key D) Associative entity with additional key

Associative entity with additional key

Which relation is created with the primary key associated with the relationship orassociative entity, plus any nonkey attributes of the relationship or associative entity and theprimary keys of the related entities (as foreign key attributes)? A) Associative entity B) Associative entity with its own key C) Associative entity with additional key D) Binary 1:N relationship

Associative entity with its own key

A functional dependency is a particular relationship between two ________. A) Attributes B) Rows C) Databases D) Tables

Attributes

Which option below matches the following benefit of a packaged data model. Projects withpurchased models take less time and cost less because the initial discovery steps are no longernecessary, leaving only iterative tailoring and refinement to the local situation. A) Validated B) Cost reduction C) Facilitates system analysis D) Consistent and complete

Cost reduction

A ________ can be best understood as data in motion, moving from one place in a system to another. A) Process B) Data flow C) Data store D) Data source

Data flow

A ________ value is the value a field will assume unless an explicit value is entered for thefield. A) Range control B) Default C) Referential integrity D) Null

Default

Which of the following is an advantage of the use of domains? A) They are easier to understand than entities. B) Domains are easier to define in an E-R model than entities. C) Domains ensure data manipulation operations are logical. D) Domains are non-null.

Domains ensure data manipulation operations are logical

During logical database design, you must account for every data element on a systeminput or output form or report and on the ________. A) E-R diagram B) Conceptual design C) Physical design D) Logical design

E-R diagram

The business rule that each instance of an entity type must have a unique identifier that is not null. A) Entity integrity B) Referential integrity constraints C) Domains D) Triggering operations

Entity integrity

A(n) ________ is the smallest unit of application data recognized by system software, suchas a programming language or database management system. A) Table B) Field C) Row D) Index

Field

A ________ is an attribute that appears as a non-primary key attribute in one relation and asa primary key attribute (or part of a primary key) in another relation. A) Referential integrity B) Primary key C) Foreign key D) Unique key

Foreign key

During logical database design, the ________ attribute is indicated by a dashed underline. A) Pointer B) Primary key C) Relation D) Foreign key

Foreign key

No process can have only ________ and if an object has only that, then it must be a sink. A) Inputs B) Procedure C) Outputs D) Arrow

Inputs

A ________ is a DFD that represents a system's major processes, data flows, and datastores at a high level of detail. A) Level-1 diagram B) Level-0 diagram C) Level-2 diagram D) Level-3 diagram

Level-0 diagram

A ________ diagram is a DFD that is generated from n nested decompositions from a level-0diagram. A) Level-n B) Level-0 C) Level-1 D) Level-2

Level-n

________ database design is driven not only from the previously developed E-R data modelfor the application or enterprise but also from form and report layouts. A) Logical B) Physical C) Normalized D) De-normalized

Logical

Balancing is the conservation of inputs and outputs to a DFD process when that process is decomposed to a ________ level. A) Balanced B) Similar C) Lower D) Higher

Lower

At the ________ level of DFDs, new data flows may be added to represent data that are transmitted under exceptional conditions. These data flows typically represent error messages or confirmation notices. A) Highest B) Lowest C) Basic D) Medium

Lowest

A ________ value is a special field value, distinct from zero, blank, or any other value, thatindicates that the value for the field is missing or otherwise unknown. A) Key B) True C) Null D) Default

Null

A data flow has ________ direction(s) of flow between symbols. It may flow in both directions between a process and a data store to show a read before an update. A) No B) Three C) One D) Multi

One

No process can have only ________. It would be making data from nothing (a miracle). If an object has only outputs, then it must be a source .A) Sources B) Sinks C) Inputs D) Outputs

Outputs

he capability to split a table into separate sections, often called ________, is possible withmost relational database products. A) Partitioning B) Splitting C) Combining D) Normalizing

Partitioning

Logical and ________ database design is typically performed in parallel with othersystems design steps. A) Normal B) Physical C) Conceptual D) Normalized

Physical

A ________ is a named set of table rows stored in a contiguous section of secondarymemory. A) Range control B) Physical table C) Relation D) Physical file

Physical file

A ________ is a named set of rows and columns that specifies the fields in each row of thetable. A) Range control B) Physical table C) Relation D) Null value

Physical table

A(n) ________ is an attribute (or combination of attributes) whose value is unique acrossall occurrences of a relation. A) Composite key B) Primary key C) Identifier D) Index

Primary key

During logical database design, the ________ attribute is indicated by an underline. A) Pointer B) Primary key C) Relation D) Foreign key

Primary key

The lowest level of a DFD is called a ________ data flow diagram. A) Low-level B) Primitive C) Level-0 D) Basic

Primitive

A ________ is the work or actions performed on data so that they are transformed, stored, or distributed. A) Process B) Data store C) Flowchart D) Data flow

Process

A black hole is a ________ that has only inputs. A) Data flow B) Data store C) Source/sink D) Process

Process

Data cannot move directly from one data store to another data store. Data must be moved by a ________ .A) Flow chart B) Procedure C) Process D) Data source

Process

In a data flow diagram, a ________ is modeled using an oval. A) Process B) Data store C) Source/sink D) Data flow

Process

One purpose of database design is to structure the data in stable structures, called normalized tables, that are not likely to change over time and that have minimal ________. A) Data B) Space C) Redundancy D) Columns

Redundancy

In a relation, the sequence of columns can be interchanged without changing the meaning or use of the ________. A) Relation B) Attribute C) Row D) Primary key

Relation

Each ________ of a relation corresponds to a record that contains data values for an entity. A) Column B) Entity C) Attribute D) Row

Row

In a hashed file organization, the location of each ________ is determined using an algorithm. A) Constraint B) Key C) Column D) Row

Row

In ________ normal form, each nonprimary key attribute is identified by the whole key(what we call full functional dependency). A) First B) Fourth C) Third D) Second

Second

A ________ is the origin and/or destination of the data, and these are sometimes referred toas external entities because they are outside the system. A) Data graph B) Data flow C) Process D) Source

Source

In a data flow diagram, a ________ is modeled using a rectangle. A) Process B) Data store C) Source/sink D) Data flow

Source/sink

All of the following are guidelines for choosing indexes for relational databases except________. A) Specify a unique index for the primary key of each file B) Specify an index for foreign keys C) Specify an index for nonkey fields D) Specify multiple keys for each table

Specify multiple keys for each table

A ________ is used in both conventions for sources/sinks and has a name that states what the external agent is, such as Customer, Teller, EPA Office, or Inventory Control System. A) Circle B) Triangle C) Rectangle D) Square

Square

Which of the following is an advanced rule governing data flow diagramming?A) Data flows cannot be split. B) The inputs to a process must be sufficient to produce the outputs. C) At the highest level, new data flows may be added .D) It is good to have data flow lines cross each other

The inputs to a process must be suXicient to produce the outputs

In ________ normal form, nonprimary key attributes do not depend on each other (what wecall no transitive dependencies). A) First B) Fourth C) Third D) Second

Third

A concise statement of the business rule to be enforced by the triggering operation. A) User rule B) Event C) Condition D) Action

User rule

If a purchased model is proven through extensive experience it is said to be ________. A) Consistent B) Complete C) Aggregate D) Validated

Validated

Which option below matches the following benefit of a packaged data model. Purchasedmodels are proven through extensive experience. A) Validated B) Cost reduction C) Facilitates system analysis D) Consistent and complete

Validated

In a data flow diagram, a ________ is modeled using an arrow. A) Process B) Data store C) Source/sink D) Data flow

Data flow

In a data flow diagram, a ________ is modeled using two horizontal lines. A) Process B) Data store C) Source/sink D) Data flow

Data store

A ________ is a picture of the movement of data between external entities and the processesand data stores within a system. A) Process flow diagram B) Data flow diagram C) Data diagram D) Procedure flow diagram

Data flow diagram

_______ are NOT a component of data flow diagram symbols .A) Processes B) Data stores C) Data flows D) Data programs

Data programs

According to the DFD conventions, the data flow is always depicted by a(n) ________. A) Rectangle B) Circle C) Arrow D) Triangle

Arrow

When two ________ have the same data flow name, you must be careful that these flows areexactly the same. A) Rectangles B) DFDs C) Arrows D) Processes

Arrows

A(n) ________ is an entity type that associates the instances of one or more entity types andcontains attributes that are peculiar to the relationship between those entity instances. A) Relationship B) Associative entity C) Identifier D) Cardinality

Associative Entity

Which relation is created with a composite primary key using the primary keys of therelated entities, plus any nonkey attributes associative entity of the relationship or associativeentity? A) Associative entity B) Associative entity with its own key C) Associative entity with additional key D) Weak entity

Associative entity

A domain is the set of all data types and ranges of values that ________ may assume. A) Entities B) Instances C) Attributes D) Events

Attributes

Each ________ in a relation corresponds to an attribute of that relation. A) Entity B) Data C) Column D) Row

Column

The concept of DFD ________ refers to whether you have included in your DFDs all of the components necessary for the system you are modeling. A) Completeness B) Accuracy C) Balancing D) Processing

Completeness

In logical database modeling and design, we translate the ________ E-R data model for theapplication or enterprise, developed without explicit consideration of specific user interfaces,into normalized data requirements .A) Normal B) Physical C) Logical D) Conceptual

Conceptual

The concept of DFD ________ refers to whether or not the depiction of the system shown atone level of a nested set of DFDs is compatible with the depictions of the system shown at other levels. A) Consistency B) Completeness C) Balancing D) Accuracy

Consistency

Which option below matches the following benefit of a packaged data model. Purchased datamodels are very general, covering almost all options employed by the associated functional areaor industry .A) Validated B) Cost reduction C) Facilitates system analysis D) Consistent and complete

Consistent and complete

A ________ shows the scope of the system, indicating which elements are inside and whichare outside of the system. A) Process flow diagram B) Context diagram C) Data diagram

Context diagram

A fork in a ________ means that exactly the same data goes from a common location to twoor more different destinations in the model. A) Process B) Data store C) Source/sink D) Data flow

Data flow

Data cannot move directly from a source to a sink. It must be moved by a process if the dataare of any concern to our system. Otherwise, the data flow is not shown on the ________. A) Sink B) Procedure C) Flow chart D) DFD

DFD

The data manipulation operation (insert, delete, or update) that initiates the triggering operation. A) User rule B) Event C) Condition D) Action

Event

What is the result of normalization? A) Every nonprimary key attribute depends on the whole primary key and nothing but the primary key .B) All tables have a primary key. C) Hierarchical databases are converted to relational databases .D) Each table can only be used by one user

Every nonprimary key attribute depends on the whole primary key and nothing but the primary key

Which option below matches the following benefit of a packaged data model. The purchasedmodel provides a first data model, which you can use to generate specific analysis questions .A) Validated B) Cost reduction C) Facilitates system analysis D) Consistent and complete

Facilities system analysis

A(n) ________ is a file organization in which rows are stored either sequentially or non-sequentially, and an index is created that allows software to locate individual rows. A) Indexed file organization B) Sequential file organization C) Hashed file organization D) Physical file

Indexed file organization

All of these are types of database models except ________. A) Hierarchical model B) Network model C) Matrix model D) Relational model

Matrix model

The key should be ________; that is, no attribute in the key can be deleted withoutdestroying its unique identification. A) De-normalized B) Normalized C) Redundant D) Nonredundant

Nonredundant

In logical database design, we use a process called ________, which is a way to build a datamodel that has the properties of simplicity, non-redundancy, and minimal maintenance. A) Data modeling B) Database designing C) De-normalization D) Normalization

Normalization

________ is a process for converting complex data structures into simple, stable datastructures. A) De-normalization B) Normalization C) Database modeling D) Relation

Normalization

A ________ value is a special field value, distinct from a zero, blank, or any other value,that indicates that the value for the field is missing or otherwise unknown. A) Range control B) Default C) Referential integrity D) Null

Null

A ________ value may have a limited set of permissible values. A) Range control B) Default C) Referential integrity D) Null

Range control

Cindy tried to delete a customer but the customer still had open invoices so the systemwould not allow her to delete the customer. More than likely ________ was enforced. A) De-normalization B) NormalizationC) Referential integrity D) Relational management

Referential integrity

The business rule concerning the relationships between entity types. A) Entity integrity B) Referential integrity constraints C) Domains D) Triggering operations

Referential integrity constraints

In some situations, two or more attributes may have different names but the same meaning,as when they describe the same characteristic of an entity. Such attributes are called ________. A) Homonyms B) Antonyms C) Synonyms D) Duplicates

Synonyms

A well-structured relation is a relation that contains a minimum amount of redundancy and that allows users to insert, modify, and delete the rows without error or inconsistencies and is also known as a ________. A) Column B) Row C) Table D) Key

Table

A ________ is a simultaneous relationship among instances of three entity types. A) Ternary B) Dual C) Binary D) Unary

Ternary