MKT300-Test1

The choice of what activities to reward and punish sends a strong signal to the employees regarding their ethical decisions. True False

True

The sunk costs error occurs when decision makers forget that current choices cannot correct the past. True False

True

The term "values" refers to basic convictions about what is right and wrong behavior.

True

Effectiveness

"doing the right things" doing those work activities that will result in achieving goals.

A(n) ________ attitude is the view that employees in the host country know the best practices for running their operations. A. polycentric B. geocentric C. ethnocentric D. regiocentric

A

An organization's culture can be perpetuated by ________. A. selecting candidates for employment who share the organizations values B. displaying artifacts that exemplify the culture C. taking advantage of employees' suggestions for improvement D. expecting managers to produce results

A

Calvin's goals for the coming year include specific targets for increasing market share and quantity of units shipped. If he succeeds, he will be handsomely rewarded. If he fails, he is likely to be replaced. Judging from this, it would appear that Calvin's employer subscribes to the ________. A. omnipotent view of management B. symbolic view of management C. omniscient view of management D. impotent view of management

A

Effectiveness is associated with ________. A. doing the right things B. decreasing production time C. doing things right D. reducing inventory

A

Employers in the global marketplace look for which one of the following? A. respect for differences B. critical thinking skills C. a college degree in multicultural awareness D. multi-lingual skills

A

In the ________ approach of going green, organizations respond to the environmental preferences of customers. A. market B. legal C. stakeholder D. activist

A

The ________ Act offers some legal protection to whistle-blowers. It has a provision wherein any manager who retaliates against an employee for reporting violations faces a stiff penalty of a 10-year jail sentence. A. Sarbanes-Oxley B. Landrum-Griffin C. Glass-Steagall D. Taft-Hartley

A

Theodore and James decide to enter into an agreement with a firm in Europe allowing them to use their software, brand name, and business methods in return for a lump sum payment and a percentage of sales. The European firm is a service organization that plans to use the software to serve its customers. Their agreement is a(n) ________. A. franchise agreement B. licensing agreement C. export agreement D. import agreement

A

When making a decision for a routine situation, which step in the decision making process can be skipped? Selected Answer: Correct develop alternatives A. develop alternatives B. identify the problem C. implement the alternative D. evaluate decision effectiveness

A

When problems are ________, managers must rely on ________ in order to develop unique solutions. A. unstructured; non-programmed decision making B. unstructured; programmed decision making C. structured; non-programmed decision making D. structured; pure intuition

A

Which of the following managerial styles is traditionally considered to be masculine? A. leading by example B. agreeable C. collaborative D. inclusive

A

Transnational Corporation

A company that conducts research, operates factories, and sells products in many countries, not just where its headquarters or shareholders are located.

The single European Union currency is called the ________. A. pound B. euro C. deutchmark D. krona

B

Given a choice between Jane, a 50-something internal candidate, and Jenny, a 20-something internal candidate, Joe selected Jane. Joe would probably say it was because ________. A. he thought Jane would be more flexible in meeting the needs of the new position B. he expected the quality of Jane's work would be better than Jenny's C. he expected Jenny would ask for more time off D. he thought Jenny would be uncomfortable with the technology in the new position

B

Granval manages a production facility in Aughmenistan for a multinational company headquartered in Paris. His Paris bosses emphasize the importance of operating his plant efficiently so as to conserve scarce resources. It is likely Granval's employer is A. multi-domestic corporation B. global company C. polycentric company D. transnational company

B

How can managers identify the ethically questionable applicants even before they become part of the workforce? A. by performing background checks B. by including integrity testing in the selection process C. by requiring letters of recommendation D. by favoring candidates who come with a reference from existing employees

B

Joe's team implemented one of the ideas to avoid crane crashes. It is important for the team to evaluate the results because ________. A. the team was not sure their idea would work B. results may vary from expectations C. the team wants to impress the plant manager D. another crane crash could cost the team their jobs

B

Ridership on the city's public transportation buses has fallen for three weeks in a row. This is ________. A. neither a problem nor a symptom B. a condition, but we need more information to determine whether it is a problem or a symptom. C. a problem D. a symptom

B

The last time the Whigs took over Congress, stock prices rose dramatically and unemployment fell to record lows. Once again, the Whigs are in power, so Jason expects his stock portfolio to grow significantly. Jason's thinking may be influenced by the ________. A. selective perception bias B. representation bias C. anchoring effect D. randomness bias

B

The soccer league in England is notorious for the number of team managers fired over the course of a single season, which stands at no fewer than eight managers on average, owing to poor team form and consequently, poor results. It is evident from this information that the league endorses a(n) ________ view of management. A. omniscient B. omnipotent C. symbolic D. impotent

B

Wasting resources is considered to be an example of ________. A. ineffableness B. inefficiency C. ineffectiveness D. inefficacy

B

When Fred tells the employees that he is sure they can fulfill the schedule because they are good and skilled employees, he is performing which of the following management functions? A. negotiating B. leading C. controlling D. delegating

B

When a firm advertises that it only uses recycled paper products, it is ________. A. meeting its social obligation B. being socially responsive C. following ISO 9000 standards D. meeting its social screening requirements

B

Which of the following approaches of going green reflects the highest degree of environmental sensitivity and is also a good illustration of the social responsibility of the organization? A. market approach B. activist approach C. stakeholder approach D. legal approach

B

"We can't stop now. We've already invested $100,000 in the project." This speaker is acting on the ________. A. availability bias B. anchoring effect C. sunk costs error D. representation bias

C

A cartoon showing black smoke from a smokestack and the caption "We're okay as long as the wind keeps blowing" illustrates which factor of issue intensity? A. probability of harm B. greatness of harm C. proximity to victims D. consensus of wrong

C

As chief of new product development for a U.S. consumer goods firm, Carmen should be very aware that ________ is likely to have the greatest influence on consumer preferences for the next few decades. A. increasing inflation B. changes in religion C. the aging of the population D. declining birth rates

C

Blue Fin and ChrisCraft, two boat manufacturers, have merged. Top managers now must decide how the work will be divided and who will do what work. Such an arrangement makes up a(n) ________. A. strategic partnership B. affinity group C. organization D. coalition

C

Edgar hired a graduate from his alma mater, thinking he would be a successful first line supervisor. Unfortunately the new hire hasn't worked out as well as hoped. Edgar decided to invest time and money in training for the new hire but saw little improvement. Next he assigned a successful supervisor to mentor the young employee. The problems persisted. Edgar is displaying ________. A. bounded rationality B. irrational behavior C. escalation of commitment D. poor judgment

C

Granval manages a production facility in Aughmenistan for a multinational company headquartered in Paris. His Paris bosses emphasize the importance of operating his plant efficiently so as to conserve scarce resources. It is likely Granval's employer is A. transnational company B. multidomestic corporation C. global company D. polycentric company

C

Heinrich, a purchaser for an optics company in Germany, must place an order for materials for use in its production process. He is most likely to order from a company ________. A. in Asia because labor is cheaper there B. in Switzerland because the Swiss are known for their fine detail work C. within the European Union because there would be no barriers to trade D. in the United States because we have the same quality as any European company

C

If my workplace goals included getting high scores on a performance evaluation, I would prefer that my supervisor be ________. A. the same gender as me B. of an older generation than me C. of my own race D. female

C

Lucas always seems to "know" exactly what to do in any given situation. At least that's what he'll tell you. But his ideas don't always work and his overall performance as scored by his supervisor isn't nearly as great as he thinks it is. Lucas is exhibiting the ________. A. the anchoring effect B. self-serving bias C. overconfidence bias D. selective perception bias

C

Upper management is pushing hard to increase earnings per share. If Moe yields to this pressure despite misgivings about the use of a non-certified material in the production of climbing equipment, he will be demonstrating ________. A. internal locus of control B. high ego strength C. weak ego strength D. external locus of control

C

What approach deals with an organization changing its interaction with the environment because of the preferences of its customers? A. stakeholder approach B. activist approach C. market approach D. legal approach

C

Which of the following racial groups have been the focus of most race and ethnographic studies of workplace diversity in the United States? A. Hispanics and Whites B. Whites and Native Americans C. African Americans and Whites D. Asians and African Americans

C

________ is a situation in which a decision maker cannot make reasonable probability estimates. A. Risk B. Necessity C. Uncertainty D. Certainty

C

Amanda works as a technical support executive at ColorWare Systems. Which of the following factors, if true, could trigger certain stereotypes about Amanda among her co-workers, though not necessarily reflecting the way they feel or think about her? A. Amanda prefers working late every evening to working over the weekend. B. Amanda tends to dominate discussions among her co-workers. C. Amanda does not believe in engaging in gossip about her coworkers. D. Amanda has a Swedish mother and an African American father.

D

An ethnocentric attitude ________. A. prompts managers to have a global view and look for the best approaches and people regardless of origin B. gives a manager a much broader understanding of what it takes to manage in a global environment C. is the view that employees in the host country know the best work approaches and practices D. is the belief that the home country has the best work approaches and practices

D

In workplace jargon, the term "glass ceiling" refers to ________. A. the cumulative difference between opportunities and rewards offered to male and female employees B. the perceived difference in cognitive abilities between male and female employees C. the theoretical organizational level beyond which no discrimination exists D. the invisible barrier that separates women and minorities from top management positions

D

Jack and Jill are discussing the new hire in their department: her hair color, skin tone, manner of dress, and accent. Jack and Jill are focusing on ________. A. biases B. stereotypes C. deep-level diversity D. surface level diversity

D

Managers who consider the impact of their organization on the natural environment are said to be practicing ________. A. value-based management B. ethics-based management C. socially responsible management D. green management

D

Organizational ________ typically contain narratives about significant events or people in the organization. A. rituals B. language C. material artifacts D. stories

D

The ________ decentralizes its management and other decisions to the local country. A. global company B. transnational organization C. borderless organization D. multidomestic corporation

D

The ________ describes how decision makers fixate on initial information as a starting point and then, once set, fail to adequately adjust for subsequent information. A. framing bias B. confirmation bias C. selective perception effect D. anchoring effect

D

The total world population is forecast to hit 9 billion by 2050, at which point the United Nations predicts the total population will either stabilize or peak after growing for centuries at an ever-accelerating rate. The main reason for this major shift is the ________. A. unprecedented rate at which world population is aging B. high level of mobility of the international workforce across national borders C. alarming rate of depletion of natural resources necessary for sustaining the population D. decline in birthrates as nations advance economically

D

Which of the following is an example of a corporate ritual? A. Company executives use company-specific jargon or slogans intended to inspire other employees to perform better. B. In the reception lobby is an assortment of material artifacts such as trade magazines, industry awards, photos of the employees-of-the-month, and samples of products. C. Joe and Ed swap stories about the company's history and past heroes who have made significant contributions to the company. D. Every customer who buys a new car at Eby Ford and Lincoln rings a gong and is rewarded with applause from the entire sales staff.

D

Which one of the following arguments on social responsibility states that businesses should address social problems before they become serious and costly to correct? A. balance of responsibility and power B. better environment C. possession of resources D. superiority of prevention over cures

D

Which one of the following represents one reward of being a manager? A. performing duties that are more clerical than managerial B. operating with limited resources C. motivating workers in chaotic situations D. receiving recognition in the organization

D

Which one of the following represents the basic difference between multidomestic corporations and global companies? A. Multidomestic corporations reflect an ethnocentric attitude, while global companies reflect a polycentric attitude. B. Multidomestic corporations typically do business with more countries than global companies. C. Multidomestic corporations are run by global companies but must be owned by a local, national company. D. Multidomestic corporations decentralize management to the local country, while global companies centralize management in the home country.

D

A transnational organization reflects an ethnocentric attitude. True False

False

According to projections of the U.S. population, the ethnic groups that will exhibit the most change are the Hispanic and African American populations. True False

False

Age discrimination is prohibited by the Fair Labor Standards Act and the Americans with Disabilities Act. True False

False

Because a company's culture has so much influence on managers' decisions, it is important that each manager have a published code clearly stating the company's cultural guidelines. True False

False

Because of the advances in social media and the extensive use of technology in business communications, social skills have diminished in importance in the workplace. True False

False

Deep-level diversity refers to easily perceived differences that may trigger certain stereotypes, but that do not necessarily reflect the ways people think or feel. True False

False

Directing and motivating are part of the organizing function of management. True False

False

Effectiveness refers to getting the most output from the least amount of input. True False

False

Employees who raise ethical concerns or issues to others inside or outside the organization are called social activists. True False

False

Employers are justified if they do not hire workers with disabilities as they lack job skills and experience necessary to perform as well as their abled counterparts. True False

False

Environmental uncertainty refers to the number of components in an organization's environment and the extent of the knowledge that the organization has about those components. True False

False

In the symbolic view of management, managers are seen as directly responsible for an organization's success or failure. True False

False

Intuitive decision making complements rational decision making but not bounded rational decision making. True False

False

It is important that decision-makers ignore emotions when making business decisions so their decisions will be perceived as rational. True False

False

Men are found to follow a nurturing, inclusive, and collaborative style of leadership, in contrast to women. True False

False

Non-programmed decision making relies on procedures, rules, and policies. True False

False

Once the alternatives to solving a problem have been identified, the next step in the decision-making process is selecting one of these alternatives. True False

False

Research indicates that men tend to prefer jobs that encourage work-life balance more than women do. True False

False

The Global Contract is a document created by the United Nations outlining principles for doing business globally in the areas of human rights, labor, the environment, and anticorruption. True False

False

The United States, Canada, Mexico, and Honduras are parties to the North American Free Trade Association. True False

False

The most outspoken advocate of the classical view of organizational social responsibility is Alan Greenspan. True False

False

The shared aspect of culture implies that all employees in an organization agree with the organization's values and beliefs. True False

False

To encourage employees to report ethical concerns, managers must make sure the reporting employee knows the outcome of any investigation, including the punishment meted out to the perpetrator. True False

False

When an American company earns profits in a foreign country, those profits are taxed according to the tax laws of the United States. True False

False

A global mind-set refers to attributes that allow a leader to be effective in cross-cultural environments. True False

True

A high uncertainty avoidance society is threatened by ambiguity and experiences high levels of anxiety. True False

True

A manager must coordinate and oversee the work of other people so that organizational goals can be accomplished. True False

True

According to the concept of bounded rationality, managers make decisions rationally, but are limited by their ability to process information. True False

True

Efficiency is described as "doing things right." True False

True

Employers generally tend to view older workers as not being flexible or adaptable and being more resistant to new technology. True False

True

In the decision-making process, after allocating weights to the decision criteria, the decision maker lists viable alternatives that could resolve the problem. True False

True

It is important that firms be concerned with both the ends and the means used to achieve them. True False

True

Licensing and franchising are similar approaches involving one organization giving another organization the right to use its brand name, technology, or product specifications in return for a lump sum payment or a fee usually based on sales. True False

True

One argument against businesses championing social responsibility issues is that businesses already have too much power. True False

True

One of the strategic benefits of workplace diversity is that it can be viewed as the "right" thing to do. True False

True

People's beliefs about conditions of economic inequality illustrate how societal attitudes can constrain managers' decisions and actions. True False

True

Possession of resources is an argument in favor of social responsibility. True False

True

Risk is the condition in which a decision maker is able to estimate the likelihood of certain outcomes. True False

True

The United States is an example of a country with low power distance. True False

True

The anchoring effect describes when decision makers fixate on initial information as a starting point and then, once set, fail to adequately adjust for subsequent information. True False

True

When employees are evaluated only on outcomes, they may be pressured to do whatever is necessary to look good on the outcomes, and not be concerned with how they got those results. True False

True

When the original members formed the European Union in 1992, the primary motivation was to reassert the region's economic position against the United States and Japan. True False

True

Women and men now each make up almost half of the workforce in the United States. True False

True

Global Company

an MNC that centralizes management and other decisions in the home country

Multidomestic Corporation

an MNC that decentralizes management and other decisions to the local country

Efficiency

getting the most output from the least amount of inputs or resources

Polycentric Attitude

the view that the managers in the host country know the best work approaches and practices for running their business