mktg exam 1

What is the ethical concern regarding the limited ability of children to comprehend advertising messages?

1. do children understand the selling intend of commercials 2. can children understand specific aspects of commercial

t/f CARU guidelines allow for the use of price minimizations such as "only $19.99."

F

t/f Cultures are static and rarely change.

F

t/f While culture heavily influences marketing strategy, culture is not influenced by marketing strategy.

F

Which of the following is NOT an outcome of studying consumer behavior?

HR

Which of the following is the American advertising industry's primary self-regulatory body?

National Advertising Division of the Council of Better Business Bureaus media

Which of the following statements is false regarding marketing practices?

Regulating marketing activities requires a higher level of understanding of consumer behavior than does managing marketing programs.

t/f Marketing practices are sometimes controversial.

T

The type of socialization where a person learns a culture other than their native culture:

acculturation

______ is best defined as a physiological dependency on the consumption of a product.

addictive consumption

Which of the following is considered a symbol that has varying meaning across cultures?

all: colors animals numbers music

Stages of the household life cycle are based on

all: age of the adult members. marital status of the adult members. presence of children. age of children.

Which of the following is a factor determining a reference group's influence on a consumer?

all: whether or not the product is a necessity whether the use of the product or brand is visible to the group the degree of commitment the individual feels to a group the individual's confidence in the purchase situation

__________ is the study of individuals, groups, or organizations and the processes they use to select, secure, use, and dispose of products, services, experiences, or ideas to satisfy needs and the impacts that these processes have on the consumer and society.

consumer behavior

A distinctive subgroup of society that self-selects on the basis of a shared commitment to a particular product class, brand, or consumption activity is known as a

consumption subculture

Adoption of which type of innovation requires relatively minor changes in behavior or changes in behaviors that are unimportant to the consumer?

continuous innovation

Advertising run by a firm to cause consumers to unlearn inaccurate information they acquired as a result of the firm's earlier advertising is called

corrective adv

Which of the following statements is true regarding culture?

culture is acquired

Which of the following is a cultural factor that affects consumer behavior and marketing strategy?

demographics values language nonverbal communications

How can an organization provide superior customer value to customers?

doing a better job of anticipating and reacting to customer needs than the competition does by conducting market research

The type of socialization where a person learns his or her native culture is referred to as:

enculturation

__________ is the process by which decisions that directly or indirectly involve two or more family members are made.

fam decision making

A __________ has at least two members related by birth, marriage, or adoption, one of whom is the householder (i.e., the one who owns or rents the residence).

fam household

Which of the following is the primary source of consumer socialization?

family

Two or more individuals who share a set of norms, values, or beliefs and have certain implicitly or explicitly defined relationships to one another such that their behaviors are interdependent is known as a(n)

group

Charles was examining his perception of himself as whom he would like to be. Charles is examining his

ideal SC

Which type of self-concept emphasizes the individual, self-reliance, and is more often associated with Western cultures?

independent self concept

Which type of influence occurs when an individual uses the behaviors and opinions of reference group members as potentially useful bits of information?

informational

Which type of training occurs when a parent or sibling specifically and directly attempts to bring about certain responses through reasoning or reinforcement?

insturmental training

A family purchase decision differs from an organizational decision in

level of emotion

A part of the larger market whose unique needs & characteristics differ from other parts of the market is referred to as a (n) _____.

market segment

To be successful, a product must

meet the needs of the target market better than the competition does.

Some individuals have information about many different kinds of products, places to shop, and other aspects of markets. They can be considered a special type of opinion leader and are known as

mkt mavens

__________ occurs when a child learns appropriate, or inappropriate, consumption behaviors by observing others

modeling

Which type of reference group influence occurs when an individual fulfills group expectations to gain a direct reward or to avoid a sanction?

normative

__________ are rules that specify or prohibit certain behaviors in specific situations.

norms

__________ values reflect a culture's view of the appropriate relationships between individuals and groups within that society.

other-oriented values

Which is not an external influence on consumer behavior?

perception

One basis for the concern over marketing to children is based on

piagets stages of cognitive developement (around age 12)

Which of the following act as limits on marketers' activities?

political constraints legal and regulatory constraints competitive constraints

The extended self consists of the self plus ________.

posessions

What are the two dimensions of the VALS typology of consumers?

primary motivation and resources

Which of the following refers to how children learn with respect to consumption?

process: consumer socialization

Which of the following is NOT an adopter category?

procrastinators

Which of the following is not an adopter category?

procrastinators

A(n) __________ is anything a consumer acquires or might acquire to meet a perceived need.

product

Attempts to develop quantitative measures of lifestyle were initially referred to as _____, which is a term that is frequently used interchangeably with lifestyle by consumer researchers.

psychographics

The allowable practice of making exaggerated claims about products is called.

puffery

Which type of reference group involves relatively weak ties and less frequent interaction among its members?

secondary

______ suggests that when consumers perceive a match between their self-concept and a brand/product image, positive outcomes (e.g., positive evaluations, greater satisfaction) are more likely.

self-congruity theory

Richard is reassessing his life and asking himself, "How am I seen by others?" He is also asking himself, "How would I like to be seen by others?" Richard is seeking his

social SC

Using one marketing strategy across various cultures is referred to as

standardization

All of the following are elements of a marketing ethnography except.

statistical generalizations

The segment(s) within the larger market on which an organization will focus its marketing effort is referred to as the

target mkt

t/f It is critical that a firm consider value from the customer's perspective.

true

In studying reference groups, identification influence is also called __________ influence.

value-expressive

Which of the following is typically included in a psychographic or lifestyle study?

values demographics activities and interests attitudes