Module 2 Dual Psychology Practice Quiz

The__________uses oxygen and nutrients to generate the energy needed to carry out the work of a neuron cell.

nucleus

Monozygotic twins share _____ of their genes.

100 percent

_____ refers to an unlearned response in which an organism attends to a stimulus.

An orienting reflex

Which of the following best describes association areas?

Areas of the cerebral cortex that are not primarily involved in sensation or motor activity

Which of the following diseases stems from food poisoning and prevents the release of acetylcholine?

Botulism

__________are different from clinical psychologists in that their clients typically have adjustment problems, such as trouble making academic or vocational decisions or making friends in college, but not serious psychological disorders.

Counseling psychologists

Identify a true statement about functionalism.

Functionalists focus on behavior as well as the mind or consciousness.

Which of the following is an important factor emphasized by the sociocultural perspective in understanding behavior and mental processes?

Gender

_____ refers to the culturally defined concepts of masculinity and femininity.

Gender

In the context of behavioral genetics, identify the correct statement.

Heredity is apparently involved in psychological disorders ranging from anxiety and depression to personality disorders.

In the context of behavior therapy methods, which of the following statements is true of flooding?

It involves continuous exposure to fear-evoking stimuli.

Which of the following statements is true of social facilitation?

It is the process by which a person's performance is increased when other members of a group engage in similar behavior.

Which of the following is a view of cognitive psychologists?

People choose whether or not to imitate aggressive behaviors they observe.

In the context of aggression, which of the following is a perspective of cognitive psychologists?

People decide whether they will lash out or not on the basis of their interpretation of the other person's motives.

Which of the following is a factor that contributes to attraction?

Reciprocity

__________believe that we are not likely to act aggressively unless we believe that aggression is appropriate under the circumstances and likely to be reinforced.

Social-cognitive theorists

Which of the following is a defining feature of psychoanalysis?

The emphasis on unconscious ideas and impulses that originate in childhood conflicts

In the context of the eye, changes in thickness of the lens permit:

a clear image of an object to be projected onto the retina.

Behavior inconsistent with an attitude that may have the effect of modifying an attitude is known as__________.

attitude-discrepant behavior

Psychologists with a__________perspective are most likely to focus on the evolution of behavior.

biological

Psychologists with a(n) _____ perspective primarily venture into the realm of mental processes such as sensation and perception, memory, intelligence, language, thought, and problem solving to understand human nature.

cognitive

Psychologists with a__________perspective are most likely to investigate the ways we perceive and mentally represent the world, how we learn, remember the past, plan for the future, solve problems, form judgments, make decisions, and use language.

cognitive

Nearsightedness can result when the eyeball is elongated such that the images of:

distant objects are focused in front of the retina.

Alicia was recently in a car accident. Since then, she cannot retain memories of events that occurred after the accident. However, she can recall events that took place before the accident. She recognizes her family and friends and important dates, such as her birthday and her marriage anniversary, but has to be constantly reintroduced to the new people in her life. Alicia has most likely sustained damage to her _____.

hippocampus

Among lower animals, stimulation of various areas of the__________can trigger instinctual behaviors such as fighting, mating, or nest building.

hypothalamus

A(n)__________is a mental representation of a visual stimulus that is held briefly in sensory memory.

icon

According to Robert Sternberg's triangular model of love, _____ involves closeness and caring-championing the interests of the loved one, even if it entails sacrificing one's own.

intimacy

According to the study conducted by Sprecher and Felmlee in 2008, U.S. women are more willing than U.S. men to marry someone who:

is not good-looking.

Messages from the brain or spinal cord are transmitted to muscles or glands through _____.

motor neurons

A(n)__________is a way of mentally representing the world, such as a belief or an expectation, which can influence perception of persons, objects, and situations.

schema

The process of becoming more sensitive to stimulation is known as _____.

sensitization

Which of the following sleep disorders is similar to experiencing nightmares?

sleep terrors

According to Durlez and Stangor & Crandall,__________is a source of prejudice.

social conflict

The group effect called__________is likely to lead the group to make more risky shifts in decision making.

social facilitation

The term _____ refers to the deliberate placing of certain ideas, impulses, or images out of awareness.

suppression

A number of people with severe cases of epilepsy have split-brain operations in which much of__________is severed.

the corpus callosum

In the context of behaviorism, observable behaviors are considered public behaviors because:

they can be measured easily and different observers would agree about their existence and features.