Module 3 Quiz
How many pairs of cranial nerves do humans have?
12
Evoked potentials in the brain are most likely to be detected by a(n) ____.
EEG
What do the corpus callosum and anterior commissure have in common?
They both connect the two hemispheres.
The precentral gyrus is essential for the ____.
control of fine movements
Neurons in the prefrontal cortex ____ than neurons in other cortical areas.
have more dendritic spines
One function of the thalamus is to ____.
relay sensory information to the cerebral cortex
How does the method of transcranial magnetic stimulation of brain areas differ from magnetic inactivation?
Brain activation results from mild, brief magnetic stimulation.
If you could selectively damage the individual laminae of the cortex, damage to which layer would most likely affect visual sensation?
Layer IV of the occipital cortex
Which method is dependent upon injecting a radioactive chemical into the blood to measure blood flow?
PET
Which statement is TRUE about laminae in the cerebral cortex?
The laminae vary in thickness in different areas.
Which statement is TRUE of the cortical areas that are sometimes known as "association areas"?
They are best described as additional sensory areas.
Damage to the basal ganglia would most likely result in ____.
a movement disorder
Thus far, it appears that the brain feature most strongly correlated with IQ in humans is the ____.
amount of gray matter
Which structure is likely to be damaged in Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, and other conditions that impair movement?
basal ganglia
The central nervous system is composed of the ____.
brain and spinal cord
Each hemisphere of the cerebral cortex receives most of its input from the ____ side of the body and controls the muscles on the ____ side.
contralateral; contralateral
After damage to the ventral roots of the spinal cord, an individual will suffer what kind of loss?
control of the peripheral muscles in the affected body area
Olfactory information is processed by the ____.
cortex via the olfactory bulbs
Vision is to ____ as hearing is to ____.
cranial nerve II; cranial nerve VIII
A cross section of the spinal cord indicates that gray matter is ____.
densely packed with cell bodies and dendrites
What type of pathway in the substantia nigra deteriorates in Parkinson's disease?
dopamine
Which technique is dependent upon the release of oxygen from hemoglobin molecules?
fMRI
The ventricles, central canal, and subarachnoid space are all ____.
filled with cerebrospinal fluid
The choroid plexus ____.
forms the cerebrospinal fluid
The term rhombencephalon refers to the ____.
hindbrain
An individual has difficulty remembering certain things after brain damage, but all memories stored before the damage are intact. The brain area most likely damaged is the ____.
hippocampus
Which plane shows brain structures as they would be seen from above?
horizontal
An impairment of eating, drinking, temperature regulation, or sexual behavior suggests possible damage to which brain structure?
hypothalamus
The pituitary gland synthesizes and releases hormones ____.
into the bloodstream
The large-scale integration problem is the difficulty of ____.
knowing how the areas of your brain work together to create a combined perception
A group of forebrain structures is important for motivated and emotional behavior. What term refers to this group of structures?
limbic system
People with damage of the parietal cortex tend to have trouble ____
locating objects in space
The parasympathetic nervous system has ____.
long preganglionic and short postganglionic axons
Meningitis is an inflammation of the ____.
membranes surrounding the brain
Membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord are called ____.
meninges
In which area of the brain would one find the tectum, tegmentum, superior and inferior colliculi, and substantia nigra?
midbrain
Where would you find the dorsal root ganglia?
outside, but near, the spinal cord
The ____ monitors all the information about eye, head, and body positions and passes it on to brain areas that control movement.
parietal lobe
Which part of the cerebral cortex is most important for the sense of touch?
parietal lobe
Someone who suddenly loses the ability to identify objects by feeling them has probably suffered damage to what area of the cerebral cortex?
parietal lobe
The "binding problem" is the issue of how we ____.
perceive visual, auditory and other aspects of a stimulus as a single object
Together, the somatic nervous system and the autonomic nervous system make up the ____ nervous system.
peripheral
Secretions from which gland will also affect the secretion of hormones from the thyroid gland, adrenal gland, and ovaries or testes?
pituitary gland
By both neural and hormonal pathways, the hypothalamus regulates activity of the ____.
pituitary gland
A stereotaxic instrument would most likely be used for ____.
placing an electrode in the brain
The nuclei for most of the cranial nerves are located in the ____.
pons and medulla
The only area of the cerebral cortex known to receive input from ALL sensory modalities is the ____.
prefrontal cortex
In addition to problems with balance and coordination, a person with damage to the cerebellum will likely have problems with ____.
shifting attention between auditory and visual stimuli
What is the primary area of the cerebral cortex for auditory sensations?
temporal
Which lobe seems to be especially involved in the comprehension of spoken language in humans?
temporal
Which lobe contributes most to the perception of movement and recognition of faces?
temporal lobe
Women on the average have a greater density of neurons in part of the ____.
temporal lobe
An electroencephalograph measures ____.
the average activity of the cells in a given region of the brain
Superior colliculus is to ____ as inferior colliculus is to ____.
vision; hearing
The prefrontal cortex is important for ____.
working memory
Computerized axial tomography creates an image from ____.
x-rays
Sympathetic is to ____ as parasympathetic is to ____.
arousal; relaxation
Which plane shows brain structures as they would be seen from the front?
coronal
If the prefrontal cortex is damaged, an individual may ____.
have difficulty remembering where s/he just placed the keys
Which lobe of the cerebral cortex is most important for visual information?
occipital
The sweat glands, adrenal glands, and muscles that constrict blood vessels have input from only the ____ nervous system.
sympathetic
Which structure provides the main source of input to the cerebral cortex?
thalamus