Module 39

_____ is a statistical procedure that can be used to identify clusters of behaviors that tap basic components of a trait.

Factor analysis

Al is applying for a job with a large company. As part of the application process, Al will need to take a personality test. The test has 10 scales including a scale that assesses depressive tendencies. Al is most likely taking the:

Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory

Yesterday, Harold thought Grant was mad at him, and so he ignored Grant's phone calls and other attempts at conversation, angering Grant. In truth, Harold created the situation to which he was reacting. This is an example of:

Reciprocal Determinism

Card players who attribute their wins to their own skill and their losses to bad luck BEST illustrate:

a self-serving bias

Khloe loves horseback riding. Learning how to canter is a(n) _____ factor associated with horseback riding for Khloe

behavioral

Shih-Han is from China. She defines herself in relation to her identification with her family and her family's values, and she discusses her family rather than her own goals. Shih-Han is demonstrating:

collectivism

Geneva has an extremely clean dorm room. She keeps no clutter on her desk, she awakens very early to keep up with her schoolwork, and her car is spotless. Which of the following Big Five personality traits does she exhibit the MOST?

conscientiousness

Because of their strong sense of group identification, collectivist cultures give a great deal of respect and care to their _____ family members.

elderly

Sharon loves horseback riding. Having friends who also ride horses is a(n) _____ factor associated with horseback riding for Sharon.

environmental

When Samuel was hired as an advertising executive, he was told that he got the job because of the charisma he displayed to clients. According to "Thinking Critically About the Stigma of Introversion," _____ is the trait thought to be a basic requirement to be successful in this field.

extraversion

n collectivist cultures, _____ provides a sense of belonging, a set of values, and an assurance of security. In return, collectivists have deeper, more stable attachments to their groups, such as their family, clan, or company.

group identification

In applying to graduate school, Rebecca must submit not only the completed application form but also letters of recommendation, GRE scores, transcripts, and a personal statement. Which of these is the BEST indicator of her potential for success in graduate school?

her academic transcripts

Which of the following is NOT a social-cultural influence in the biopsychosocial approach to the study of personality?

learned responses

As a psychologist, Calvin asks a client to complete the MMPI. After he scores the client's test, he notices that her answers made her seem healthier than she seems to be. These false answers may be detected on the:

lie scale

People's specific goals for the future are a reflection of their:

possible selves

Joshua's history of romantic relationships influences his attitudes toward romantic relationships, which affects how he responds to his current girlfriend. This is an example of:

reciprocal determinism

Katrina is a worrier. She worries about her family, her friends, and herself. She is particularly aware of potential hazards in the environment, and she sees the world as a dangerous place. Her personality is shaped by how she interprets and reacts to events. Albert Bandura called this process:

reciprocal determinism

Tiffany has high self-esteem. Which of these qualities does she NOT have?

she is shy

Reciprocal determinism involves environmental, behavioral, and internal cognitive factors, as proposed by the _____ perspective.

social-cognitive

A(n) _____ describes a characteristic pattern of behavior or a disposition to feel and act, as assessed by self-report inventories and peer reports.

trait