Module 5, U.S. History

Identify the statements that describe the experiences of free blacks in the nineteenth century.

-Blacks faced widespread discrimination and were unable to find work as craftsmen or store clerks. -Blacks constructed their schools and churches.

Identify the statements that describe the relationship between property and voting rights in America.

-By 1860, all but one state had ended property requirements for voting. -As early as 1829, landless men argued that property owners were not the only ones with the knowledge necessary for democratic participation. -Plantation-owning politicians in Virginia resisted demands to end the property-ownership qualification until the 1850s.

Identify the statements that describe westward expansion.

-By supporting the West, politicians gained power. -Westward expansion had been happening since the first settlers arrived and moved inland. -The West emerged as its own distinct region, with its own culture, different from the South and New England.

Which of the following statements correctly describe the changes from this time period that supported the growth of business?

-Corporations, or firms that protect their investors from debts, became popular and profitable. -Courts affirmed employers' authority over the workplace; workers who sought to strike for higher wages were punished. -Legal decisions handed down by the courts protected new companies from liabilities.

Historians estimate that around 1 million slaves were shifted from older slave states into the expanded Lower South between 1800 and 1860. Which of the following are trends that historians associate with this time period?

-Cotton became by far the most profitable and important export of the entire United States. -Enslaved persons were forced to march across the country in coffles—large groups chained to one another. -State-to-state trading of enslaved persons developed within the United States.

The map below shows canals either built or under construction by 1840. What did the construction of those canals accomplish?

-It made New York the leading U.S. seaport. -It linked the Great Lakes to seaports on the Atlantic and Gulf coasts.

What does this image reveal about the important issues John Quincy Adams supported during his campaign?

-It shows the promotion of domestic goods over foreign imports in order to strengthen the young country's economy. -It shows that Adams promoted an economy that balanced industry, commerce, and agriculture.

Identify the statements that describe the internal borderland along the Ohio River.

-It was the boundary between free and slavery societies. -Cultural connections, trade connections, and family connections transcended the border. -There was more trade between people across the Ohio River than in the most northern parts of their own states.

identify the statements that describe how textile mills transformed employment dynamics in the nineteenth century.

-It was the first time in history that a large number of unmarried women left their homes to participate in the public world. -Entire families worked at some mills, with women and children contributing to the production of textiles.

Analyze the image below, a cartoon titled "The Downfall of Mother Bank."Based on your understanding of the Bank War, what does this political cartoon reveal about the conflict?

-Jackson and his Democratic allies viewed bankers as evil. -Jackson hated bankers for being "non-producers" and for using their resources to influence political outcomes.

Identify the statements that describe the Latin American wars of independence.

-Latin American constitutions were more democratic than the United States Constitution. -The Spanish empire in America eventually dissolved into seventeen different nations. -Many of the South American revolutions started because of unfair political and economic treatment by European imperial powers.

Identify the statements that describe life before the nationalization of the American market during the market revolution.

-Many Americans were tasked with sustaining their own lives since consumer goods and services were not readily available to them. -Cash was not widely distributed throughout the country and was utilized mainly in coastal cities. -Many Americans bartered for what they needed. -Most Americans lived isolated lives not much different from the lives of their colonial forebears.

James Monroe's two terms as president are sometimes called the "Era of Good Feelings." Identify the statements below that correctly describe this period.

-Monroe was elected almost unanimously and presided over a one-party government .-Monroe's presidency is associated with his definition of American foreign policy, called the Monroe Doctrine. -The eight years of Monroe's tenure had plenty of strife, only instead of two-party politics, controversies were sectional in nature.

According to the textbook, and the video with Dr. Foner, which of the following statements regarding the growth of the Cotton Kingdom are true?

-Native Americans were forced to cede land in order to provide space for settlement of white planters. -Slavery expanded westward. -The growth of cotton production in the South was tied to commerce in the North, as cotton export involved northern merchants, financiers, and craftspeople.

Identify the statements that illustrate the complex relationship between race and voting.

-North Carolina did not disenfranchise its free black community until 1835. -New York removed property qualifications for white voters but raised the requirement for blacks to $250.

The development of factories changed the production of goods and the use of human labor. Identify the statements that describe how the market revolution changed society and the ways people worked.

-Pay was based on an hourly or daily rate. -People started arranging their day by the clock, and there was a clear delineation between work time and free time. -Instead of a focus on individual craftsmanship, people worked together to assemble a finished product.

Identify the statements that describe the Second Great Awakening and its impact.

-Preachers stressed that individuals were "free agents" able to make their own choices, and stressed industry, sobriety, and self-discipline. -Alarmed by low church attendance, religious leaders organized religious revivals where they preached, warning of hell and promising salvation to converts. -It was massively popular and thus it democratized American Christianity.

Identify the statements that describe the early labor movement.

-The "family wage" was the idea that, as the head of the household, a man should command a wage that would support his whole family. -The conviction of twenty New York tailors of "conspiracy for combining to seek higher wages" illustrates that the established order did not accept early bids for workers' rights.

Identify each of the statements that are true about Native Americans during the presidency of Andrew Jackson.

-The Creek and Cherokee nations followed legal protocols in order to try to retain their land. -The Indian Removal Act of 1830 rejected the Jeffersonian idea that "civilized" Indians could be assimilated into the American population.

In McCulloch v. Maryland, Marshall declared the Second Bank of the United States a legitimate exercise of congressional authority. What was his argument to legitimize the bank?

-The bank was legitimate due to the Constitution's clause that allowed Congress to pass "necessary and proper" laws. -The bank was legitimate because the legislation in this case promoted "the general welfare."

Identify the statements that correctly describe the tariff of 1816 and its context.

-The law admitted imported goods that could not be produced in the United States tax-free. -The law protected American-made goods by taxing similar goods from abroad.

What facts about the presidential election of 1824 are reflected in the map below?

-The results reflected continued tensions between different geographic regions. -The outcome laid the groundwork for a new system of political parties.

Which of the following statements accurately describe the 1828 presidential election and its outcome?

-The results represented a sea change in American political life. -The campaign of 1828 was consumed with personal attacks and accusations made by supporters of both candidates.

From the maps below, what can be observed or inferred about the production of cotton in the South during the market revolution?

-There were states where cotton production decreased between 1820 and 1840. -The most dramatic increases in cotton production occurred along the Mississippi River. -Much of the additional cotton production was concentrated along rivers.

Identify the statements that describe the American system of manufactures.

-introduced the mass production of parts that could be rapidly built into standardized products -led to the wide dispersion of mechanical skills throughout northern society

As more Americans moved westward in the early nineteenth century, a rush to claim land emerged. Identify the methods in which one staked a claim on land in the West by dragging the correct descriptions to the image below.

-some Americans purchased titles from land speculators. -Some western migrants simply "squatted" on unoccupied land without seeking a clear legal title. -Some Americans headed for the frontier purchased land from the federal government

Identify the demands of the early labor movement.

-the end of imprisonment because of debts owed -the opportunity for free public education -the limit of working hours to ten hours a day

The Dorr War was a political fight in Rhode Island over the property qualifications required to vote. Place the following descriptions of this event in chronological order.

1. upset with Rhode Island's voting requirements, a group of wage-earning men met at a "people's convention" 2. The people's convention wrote and ratified a new constitution for the state of Rhode Island 3. President John Tyler sent troops to the state 4. The Rhode Island legislature eliminated the property qualification for native born man

Cotton Gin

A machine for cleaning the seeds from cotton fibers, invented by Eli Whitney in 1793

Native Americans from several of the so-called Civilized Tribes spent the 1820s and 1830s in court fighting for their rights to their land through legal means. Match each of the Supreme Court cases below to the correct result.

According to the Court, native peoples could not be given the rights of citizens because they were simply "wards" of the government. -Cherokee Nation v. Georgia (1831) The ruling in this case proclaimed that Indians were not owners of their land; they merely had a "right of occupancy." -Johnson v. M'Intosh (1823) The Supreme Court ruled that as a distinct people, Native American tribes should be dealt with by the federal government, not state governments. -Worcester v. Georgia (1832)

What role did freedom play in the concept of "manifest destiny"?

America was entitled to the whole continent because of its divine mission to spread freedom beyond its current borders.

progressive narrative

Belief that Americans will bring freedom and civilization to the west and correct the market.

After 1793, cotton production soared due to the invention of Eli Whitney's cotton gin. Identify how the cotton gin further changed the United States.

It allowed slavery to expand to the West and increased it in the South as profits were realized. ... They both invented equipment that increased farm production.

Identify the statements that describe the life and career of Andrew Jackson.

Jackson was suspicious of banks and paper money and feared that the market revolution was a source of moral decay.

Hartford Convention

Meeting of Federalists near the end of the War of 1812 in which the party listed its complaints against the ruling Republican Party. These actions were largely viewed as traitorous to the country and lost the Federalist much influence

Era of Good Feelings, 1815-24

Period of strong nationalism, economic growth, territorial expansion under the presidency of James Monroe. Only one major political party at the time (Republican)

Henry Clay's American System

Plan for economic growth: establish a protective tariff, establish a national bank, and improve the country's transportation system

Drag the statements that describe the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints to the image of the temple below.

The church was democratic and allowed anyone—including African-Americans—to become members-Members' practices of posthumous baptism and polygamy proved controversial, and as a result demonstrated the limits of religious-The religion was founded by Joseph Smith, and the followers are often referred to

National Road

The first highway built by the federal government. Constructed during 1825-1850, it stretched from Pennsylvania to Illinois. It was a major overland shipping route and an important connection between the North and the West.

John Astor

The riches man in America in 1848, this man came from destitute origins as the son of a German official, yet quickly made a fortune on the western furs trade from which he gained the capitol to enter the New York real-estate and banking business, from which he collected his huge fortune

Market liberty

The right to compete for economic advancement.

equality of opportunity

The west gave this to all people.

Henry Clay

United States politician responsible for the Missouri Compromise between free and slave states

The Missouri Compromise

an agreement in 1820 between pro-slavery and anti-slavery factions in the United States concerning the extension of slavery into new territories

The market revolution and political democracy produced a large expansion of the public sphere and an explosion in printing called the "information revolution." Identify the outcomes of the following developments and innovations.

enabled many newspapers to expand their circulation far beyond their places of publication-low postal rates introduced a new style of journalism that appealed to mass audience by emphasizing sensationalism, crime stories, and exposés of official misconduct -New York Sun and New York Herald allowed for greater output and the rise of the mass-circulation "penny-press"-steam power

Identify the following key terms.

passed by Congress to enforce the federal tariff of 1832 -force act represented a conflict between the federal government and South Carolina -nullification crisis justified South Carolina's arguments for nullification by drawing on the Virginia and Kentucky resolutions of 1798 -Exposition and Protest raised taxes on imported manufactured goods made of wool, as well as raw materials such as iron -tariff of abominations

Market Revolution

shift from a subsistence economy to a commercialized, mass produced economy.

Manifest Destiny

the 19th-century doctrine or belief that the expansion of the US throughout the American continents was both justified and inevitable.

Monroe's two terms marked an era of one-party government. Identify the term used to describe his tenure.

the Era of Good Feelings

A lithograph titled The Industrious Man shows a man returning from work and being greeted by his wife and children. A caption reads, "It is Saturday night. The industrious man returns from his labour in peace. He is welcome to an humble home. Pleasant smiles and happy voices greet him. Let him fear and serve God and God will bless him and his household forever."

the man:-Men moved freely between the public and private spheres. the women carrying the baby: -Women were associated with virtue, domesticity, and the private realm of the family. the fireplace: -The home was increasingly stripped of its economic functions and associated with the pleasures of docile domesticity.