Module 67

Which of the following is true of depression?

Compared with men, nearly twice as many women have been diagnosed with depression.

Which of the following is true of suicide?

In the United States, suicide is more common among whites than blacks

bipolar disorder

a mood disorder in which a person alternates between the hopelessness and lethargy of depression and the over-excited state of mania. (Formerly called manic-depressive disorder.)

major depressive disorder

a mood disorder in which a person experiences, in the absence of drugs or another medical condition, two or more weeks with fi ve or more symptoms, at least one of which must be either (1) depressed mood or (2) loss of interest or pleasure.

mania

a mood disorder marked by a hyperactive, wildly optimistic state.

Which of the following is NOT a symptom of major depressive disorder?

auditory hallucinations

rumination

compulsive fretting; overthinking about our problems and their causes.

mood disorders

psychological disorders characterized by emotional extremes. See major depressive disorder, mania, and bipolar disorder.

Based on brain scans, which of the following is true of brain function and mood?

the brain is more active during manic episodes and less active during depressive episodes

Xavier, who has a negative explanatory style, is most likely to get depressed after failing a math test if he believes that he failed because

the testing room was very hot and stuffy