Module 7

Failing to see visible objects when our attention is directed elsewhere is thought of as ____________ ____________

Inattentional blindness Ex. basketball game, umbrella girl

Which of the following is NOT a physiologically induced altered state of consciousness? sexual orgasm oxygen starvation sensory deprivation hallucinations

sensory deprivation

What are some types of conciseness that are psychologically induced?

sensory deprivation, hypnosis, meditation

___________ blindness and change blindness are forms of selective attention.

Inattentional

Failure to see visible objects because our attention is occupied elsewhere is called _______________ _______________

Inattentional Blindness

What is failing to see visible objects when our attention is directed elsewhere?

Inattentional Blindness

Attention is powerfully selective. Your conscious mind is in one place at a time.

True

We register and react to stimuli outside of our awareness by means of ___________ processing. When we devote deliberate attention to stimuli, we use __________ processing.

1. Unconscious 2. Conscious

Jarod was in a motorcycle accident that left him unable to recognize and discriminate objects visually. When his therapist tosses a crumpled piece of paper toward his head he can move out of the way but he cannot identify the tossed object. Jarod is demonstrating the phenomenon known as: blindsight. selective attention. change blindness. inattentional blindness.

Blindsight

What is a condition in which a person can respond to a visual stimulus without consciously experiencing it?

Blindsight

_____ is a condition in which a person can respond to a visual stimulus without consciously experiencing it. Blindsight Selective attention Change blindness Inattentional blindness

Blindsight

Which of the following is NOT a psychologically induced altered state of consciousness? hypnosis sensory deprivation daydreaming meditation

Daydreaming

Failing to notice changes in the environment is considered _____________ ______________

Change Blindness

What is failing to notice changes in the environment?

Change Blindness

The interdisciplinary study of the brain activity linked with cognition is referred to as _________ __________

Cognitive Neuroscience

Awareness for ourselves and our enviroment is referred to as __________

Consciousness

What is our awareness of ourselves and our environment?

Consciousness

What is the principle that information is often simultaneously processed on separate conscious and unconscious tracks?

Dual Processing

The simultaneous processing of information on separate conscious and unconscious tracks is called: dual processing neural activation. mental processing. meditation.

Dual processing

Which of the following is an example of an altered state of consciousness that is psychologically induced? sexual orgasm dreaming meditation daydreaming

Meditation

Cognitive neuroscience is best described as the interdisciplinary study of brain activity linked with: -mental processes. -altered states of consciousness. -selective attention. -the mind.

Mental processes

What is the processing of many aspects of a problem simultaneously; the brain's natural mode of information processing for many functions?

Parallel Processing

__________ is the processing of many aspects of a problem simultaneously, the brain's natural mode of information processing for many functions. Inattentional blindness Parallel processing Change blindness Selective attention

Parallel processing

What is the dual processing being revealed by today's cognitive neuroscience?

Scientists studying the brain mechanisms underlying consciousness and cognition have discovered that the mind processes information on two separate tracks. One operates at an explicit, conscious level (conscious sequential processing that requires focused attention) and the other at an implicit, unconscious level (unconscious parallel processing of routine business). Together, this dual processing—conscious and unconscious—affects our perception, memory, attitudes, and other cognitions.

The focusing of conscious awareness on a particular stimulus is referred to as _________ ___________

Selective Attention

What is the focusing of conscious awareness on a particular stimulus?

Selective Attention

_____ is the capacity to selectively focus awareness on particular stimuli or aspects of the environment. Waking awareness Consciousness Awareness Selective attention

Selective Attention

_____ is the focusing of conscious awareness on a particular stimulus. Parallel processing Change blindness Selective attention Dual processing

Selective Attention

Explain three attentional principles that magicians may use to fool us.

Selective Attention Inattentional Blindness Change Blindness

Cognitive neuroscientists believe that consciousness generally arises from: -imagining performing certain actions. -strong synchronized activity throughout the brain. -visual cortex activity. --strong activity in one specific area of the brain.

Strong synchronized activity through the brain

An example of selective attention- your ability to attend to only one voice among many. Let another voice speak your name and cognitive radar, operating on your minds other track, will instantly bring that voice into consciousness is referred to as __________ _________ ________

The cocktail effect

A weaker stimulus, perhaps a word flashed too briefly to consciously perceive may trigger localized visual cortex activity that quickly fades

True

Tamika learned how to ride a bike when she was 6 years old, but when asked to explain how she balances the bike she is unable to do so. All of the following explains why Tamika cannot explain this skill EXCEPT: Her practicing of the skill has moved that skill from a conscious to an unconscious knowledge. The skill of riding the bike is only accessed through conscious processing. The skill of riding the bike is now an automatic ability. The skill of riding the bike is an unconscious skill.

The skill of riding the bike is only accessed through conscious processing.

Cognitive neuroscientists believe that the visual system is a dual-processing system in which a _____enables us "to think about the world"—to recognize things and to plan future actions. visual action track visual perception track

The visual perception track

What is something that enables us to think about the world- recognize things and plan for future actions?

The visual perception track

Our five senses take in 11,000,000 bits of information per second, of which we consciously process about 40

True (Wilson, 2002) Yet our mind's unconscious track intuitively makes great use of the other 10,999,960 bits.

What is something that guides our moment-to-moment movements?

Visual action track

How does selective attention direct our perceptions?

We selectively attend to, and process, a very limited portion of incoming information, blocking out much and often shifting the spotlight of our attention from one thing to another. Focused intently on one task, we often display inattentional blindness to other events and change blindness to changes around us.

Antonio failed to notice when his girlfriend Rosa got her hair cut because he wasn't paying attention to her hair, but rather what she was talking about. Not noticing that Rosa had cut her hair is an example of: mindfulness. the pop-out phenomenon. the cocktail party effect. change blindness.

change blindness.

Carmen, who is participating in a dichotic listening study, is asked to ignore any information that is presented to her right ear. She finds that she has no problem doing this except for when she thinks she hears her name in her right ear. Carmen is experiencing the ________ effect

cocktail

Those working in the interdisciplinary field called _________ ____________ study the brain activity associated with the mental processes of perception, thinking, memory, and language.

cognitive neuroscience

Marcial is aware that he is sitting in the library reading a book. He is also aware that he is both tired and hungry. Psychologists call Marcial's awareness of the world and himself: daydreaming. awareness. alertness. consciousness

consciousness

If a stimulus activates enough brain-wide coordinated neural activity as strong signals in one brain area trigger activity elsewhere it crosses a threshold and is considered for _____________

consciousness.

What are some types of conciseness that occur spontaneously?

daydreaming, drowsiness, dreaming

What are some types of conciseness that are physiologically induced?

hallucinations, orgasm, food/oxygen starvation

As Marie was driving home from school, she stopped at an intersection. She looked to her left and right for oncoming cars and then made a left turn, pulling out right in front of a motorcycle. Even though she had looked in that direction, she failed to see the motorcycle, likely because she was looking only for cars. Her inability to see the motorcycle is a phenomenon known as: blindsight inattentional blindness. change blindness. the cocktail party effect.

inattentional blindness.

Without fail, when you are talking to your best friend about something important, she continues to check her phone and watch for people she knows. Nevertheless, she seems able to listen attentively and respond appropriately to what you are saying. This type of behavior is evidence of: blindsight. daydreaming. selective inattention. parallel processing.

parallel processing.

According to cognitive neuroscientists, perception, memory, thinking, language, and attitudes all operate on two levels—a conscious, deliberate "high road" and an unconscious, automatic "low road." The high road is considered to be: conscious. reflective. intuitive. unconscious.

reflective.