Module 7: Injuries and Environmental Emergencies

Heat stroke signs and symptoms (11)

- Moist, pale or flushed skin - Absence of sweating - Some degree of sweating - Unresponsive - Confusion - Seizure - Headache - Nausea - Dizziness - Weakness - Exhaustion

Poison signs and symptoms (5)

- abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea - abnormal skin color, sweating - trouble breathing - fast or slow heart rate - changes in responsiveness, seizures, headache, dizziness, weakness

Care (4)

- according to condition/your training - keep them in their position unless scene is unsafe or need to perform CPR - prevent over heating or cooling/reassure that EMS has been called (if needed) - watch for changes in their condition

Burns signs and symptoms (3)

- areas are brown, red, black or white - swelling, blisters or both - range in severity from minor to life threatening

Common life-threatening injuries include (2)

- burns - head, neck, and spinal injuries

Call

- call 911 get equipment or tell someone to do so if someone is unresponsive not breathing, bleeding. . .

General approach to these emergencies (3)

- check - call - care

Call: if you suspect poison exposure (2)

- contact poison control center - by calling 911 they can help

Care for burns (3)

- cool burn under clean, cool, running water - cool asap for at least 10 minutes, ideally 20 - leave uncovered unless EMS is delayed, in remote location, then cover with a sterile dressing

concussion signs and symptoms (11)

- dizziness - loss of consciousness - headache - confusion - blurred or double vision - nausea - vomiting - seizures - memory loss - crying - inability to do activities that the person could previously do

Hypothermia causes (2)

- exposure to cold air, temperatures, cold water, or both - experiences prolonged exposure to a wet or windy environment, wet clothes or sweating

Burns requiring immediate medical attention include (7)

- extends through deeper layers of skin, fat, muscle, or bone underneath - cover more than one body part or larger percentage of the persons total body surface - impair persons function or their ability to breathe - inhalation burns - caused by chemicals, radiation. . . - people with medical conditions or other injuries - in a young child, infant or an older adult

If you encounter ________, ________, _______ _______ _______ or other hazards, do not enter the scene and immediately call 911 or tell someone to do so

- fire - chemicals - exposed electrical wires

Common life-threatening environmental injuries include (3)

- heat stroke - hypothermia - poison exposure

Never use ______, _______ ____, or a ________ compress to cool a burn

- ice - ice water - freezing

Poison care (2)

- if responsive and alert without signs of a life-threatening problem, call poison help hotline - unresponsive, not alert, signs of life-threatening condition, you are unsure or multiple people involved, call 911

Care for heat stroke (3)

- immerse up to their neck in cold water - if you can not, apply cold, wet clothes or towels to the skin, then apply ice packs and fan the person - watch for changes in the persons condition

Check (6)

- is the scene safe? - form an initial impression/gain consent - if they have a life-threatening emergency, call 9/11 - get equipment - provide general care - then continue your check as appropriate to determine if additional care is needed

Head, Neck and Spinal Injuries care (3)

- leave them in the position they were found - maintain their body temperature - give care for other injuries that may be present

Head, Neck and Spinal Injuries signs and symptoms (7)

- mechanism of injury - change in behavior or mental status - head, neck, or back pain or a visible injury - loss of sensation of movement - seizures - crying - inability to do activities that the person could previously do

Hypothermia care (3)

- move to a warmer place - remove wet clothes, wrap in blanket, cover head - reassure until help arrives

Check: observe the individuals. . . (4)

- responsiveness - breathing - bleeding? - ask questions using SAM

Care for concussion (3)

- rest without moving - maintain their body temperature - give care for other injuries that may be present

Hypothermia signs and symptoms (4)

- shivering - pale - cold to the touch - disoriented

SAM (3)

- signs and symptoms - allergies - medications and medical conditions

If you suspect someone has a concussion

advise them to stop their activity