Module Quiz 1

Presidential election of 1896

* William Jennings Bryan (Populist and Dem) v. William McKinley (Rep.) Populists, the angry farmers, formed a 3rd political party * Key Issues: Economic crisis, Gold and silver, railroad regulation, tariffs, fair elections, income tax * McKinley defeated Bryan * Many of the populist ideas for better government were adopted years later * Republicans will took control of government William Bryan was about the cross of gold speech. McKinley(silver)

American Federation of Labor

1886; founded by Samuel Gompers; sought better wages, hrs, working conditions; skilled laborers, arose out of dissatisfaction with the Knights of Labor, rejected socialist and communist ideas, non-violent.

Spanish-American War

1898 war that began when the United States demanded Cuba's independence from Spain

Meat Inspection Act

1906 - Laid down binding rules for sanitary meat packing and government inspection of meat products crossing state lines.

Knights of Labor

1st effort to create National union. Open to everyone but lawyers and bankers. Vague program, no clear goals, weak leadership and organization. Failed

Lusitania

A British passenger ship that was sunk by a German U-Boat on May 7, 1915. 128 Americans died. The sinking greatly turned American opinion against the Germans, helping the move towards entering the war.

Progressives

A group of reformers who worked to solve problems caused by the rapid industrial urban growth of the late 1800s.

Ida Tarbell

A leading muckraker and magazine editor, she exposed the corruption of the oil industry with her 1904 work A History of Standard Oil.

Conservation Movement

A political and social movement that seeks to protect natural resources including plant and animal species as well as their habitat for the future. The early conservation movement included fisheries and wildlife management, water, soil conservation and sustainable forestry.

Monroe Doctrine

A statement of foreign policy which proclaimed that Europe should not interfere in affairs within the United States or in the development of other countries in the Western Hemisphere.

Which of the were reasons that the imperialists may have used to promote American expansionism in the 1890's EXCEPT: A."Acquiring colonies would help us bring more people from around the world into the United states to become citizens and enrich our culture." B."By acquiring colonies, we can extend our vast network of trade to all parts of the world, enriching our citizens and bringing much-needed goods to poor countries." C. "Acquiring colonies would help us fulfill our destiny as a force for spreading freedom and civilization around the world. D. "By acquiring overseas colonies, we can finally take our place among the great nations of the world.

A.

Quasi Utopian

Believed Americans could create the perfect world and live in peace and Harmony.

Settlement House Movement

Creation of places that offered social services to urban poor - often food, shelter, and basic higher education - Hull House was most famous

Lincoln Steffens

Early muckraker who exposed the political corruption in many American cities

Classical Liberalism

Emphasizes freedom, democracy, and the importance of the individual.

17th Amendment

Established the direct election of senators (instead of being chosen by state legislatures)

During WW1, the U.S. government made a concerned attempt to earn the loyalty of German-Americans by refusing to speak critically of the German people and celebrating German culture.

False

After fighting the Spanish-American war and the Philippine-American war, Progressive presidents were more hesitant to get involved in the affairs of Latin American countries and pulled back American involvement there,

False.

Farmers get organized

Farmers were fed up by the system. There was over production which led to falling pricing. The gov. ordered them to make more and more cotton. Due to the falling prices farmers couldn't repay their debts, and forced to take out mortgages on them.

Gender Factor

Felt they weren't manly enough so they had to go to war to prove it. Felt men were becoming to domesticated.

Teddy Roosevelt

First progressive president

19th Amendment (1920)

Gave women the right to vote

Tom Watson

Georgia's Best-Known Populist. He was the first native southern politician concerned about African American Farmers. Introduces Rural Free Delivery Bill. In 1905 he returned to the Democratic party and becomes a white-supremist

Strategic Power

Groups that occupy a central role in decision making wield greater strategic power by influencing higher-level decisions

Alfred Mahan

He believed that the future of military power lay in the navy. Wrote Influence of Sea power on History

Marxism

Karal Marx He told workers would become "Class Conscious" and would revolt. He desisted capitalism.

Jim Crow Laws

Laws designed to enforce segregation of blacks from whites

Limits of progressive reform

Laws passed to limit how long bakes can work.

The palmer raids 1919:

Led to the arrest and deportation of thousands of immigrants accused of embracing radical political ideas.

What was the name of the British passenger liner sunk by German submarine in May 1915 that resulted in the deaths of more than 1,000 passengers and 124 Americans?

Lusitania

Anarchism

Many groups including the socialists and Marxists of the 19th century often opposed the idea of a state. They believed society would function better without a government and that governments do nothing but promote exploitation.

Rise of Progressivism

Many thought the ideals were a threat to the capitals. Progressives wanted to protect capitalism but agreed it needed to be reformed.

Prohibition

Many women thought alcohol was the source of all social ill's, that it led to domestic abuse.

Triangle Shirtwaist Fire

March 1911 fire in New York factory that trapped young women workers inside locked exit doors; nearly 50 ended up jumping to their death; while 100 died inside the factory; led to the establishment of many factory reforms, including increasing safety precautions for workers

The right to dissent from Government policy during WW1_________

Met with sweeping repression by the U.S. government

What was TRUE regarding American soldiers who fought in WW1?

More American soldiers were drafted into the military than volunteered to serve.

Colored Farmers' Alliance

More than 1 million southern black farmers organized and shared complaints with poor white farmers. By 1890 membership numbered more than 250,000. The history of racial division in the South, made it hard for white and black farmers to work together in the same org.

Jayla loves traveling, but as a single woman she prefers to avoid countries with totalitarian governments. She feels restricted in her expression in these environments and is unable to relax and enjoy herself. Which is a country that Jayla would want to avoid in her travels?

North Korea

Anti-Imperialists

Opposed to US Imperialism: 1). Morality-believed that taking over Filipino's would violate American principle "the right of all people to independence and self-government" 2). Economics-feared competition from Filipino producers 3). Legality and Race-feared contaminating effects of contact with "inferior" Asian races.

Catalysts of reform

Rise of the urban Middle Class

In November of 1917, in the midst of World War 1, a communist revolution broke out in what country?

Russia

natural resources

Said were being exploited by big corps. and thought they were going to run out.

Homestead Strike

Strike at Andrew Carnegie's steel plant in which Pinkerton detectives clashed with steel workers

Which BEST explains the shift in the United States foreign policy that happened in the 1890's.

The U.S. abandoned it's republican principles and began arguing that some newly acquired territories did not deserve self government.

Upton Sinclair, The Jungle

The author who wrote a book about the horrors of food productions in 1906, the bad quality of meat and the dangerous working conditions.

What case did president Wilson make to Congress and the American people in his April 2, 1917 speech in which he asked congress for a declaration of war?

The existence of autocracies should be blamed for starting the war; the U.S. should get involved to spread the liberal principles of democracy.

Anti-Monopoly

The fear of concentrated power and the urge to limit and disperse authority and wealth.

Haymarket Riot (1886)

The riot took place in Chicago between rioters and the police. It ended when someone threw a bomb that killed dozens. The riot was suppressed, and in addition with the damaged reputation of unions, it also killed the Knights of Labor, who were seen as anarchists.

Which BEST explains why the Progressive Movements failed to achieve any lasting reforms to create better pay and better working conditions for American workers.

The supreme court's decision in Lochner v. New York protected Liberty of Contract.

What happened in 1877?

The workers on the Rail Road went on strike. The Great Railroad Strike of 1877

Modern Liberalism

This was new thought that the governments should be subject to change. This was the counterpart to conservatism

Wilmington Coup d'etat

Violent overthrows of a democratic elected gov. in NC wanted no black politicians.

The treaty of Versailles ended WW1:

Was largely punitive; it forced Germany to accept responsibility for starting the war and pay large amounts of reparations.

The idea that the U.S. should "submit dollars for bullets" and use American financial power to maintain stable, pro-American governments in Latin America is most closely associated with which U.S. presidential administration?

William H. Taft

Panic of 1893 and the long depression

Worst depression ever experienced, made it even harder on the farmers, Banks told them to grow more cotton and less of everything else.

Which of the following represents a political tradeoff that relates to conflicting agendas?

a policy balancing the priorities of the fracking industry and environmental activists

direct primaries

an election in which voters choose candidates to represent each party in a general election

Which of the following statements reflects elite theory of government?

average citizens are content to allow the most fit to govern

social engineering and eugenics

belief you can breed out the problems in society

Which of the following best describes a latent political preference?

beliefs that are not deeply held

The American Anti-Imperialists League:

believed that the United States had forsaken it's founding ideals subjecting overseas territories to colonial rule.

What is the 1872 Credit Mobilier Sandal?

building the railroads for money; Charging the gov. for more money than it costs to build it and pocketing the rest. They gave the gov. more money to stay quiet about it.

Carrie Nation

created sensation by raiding saloons + smashing barrels of beer with a hatchet and holding a bible.

Which of the following is often confused with a type of government?

economic system

Pluralist theory assumes that citizens become involved in the political system because of the limited number of access points to government. That is, the U.S. system has few places where people and groups can engage the government, so they are coveted, true or false

false

Ultimately, civic engagement does little to increase the power of ordinary people to influence government actions, true or false

false

The federal government and state governments allow someone's right to free expression to interfere with someone else's ability to exercise his or her own rights. true or false

false, Identify political tradeoffs in the Constitution, in political values, and in interests. Incorrect. This statement is false. The federal government and state governments do not allow someone's right to free expression to interfere with someone else's ability to exercise his or her own rights.

The United States is a direct democracy, true or false

false, it is a representative democracy

Philippine-American War

fought in 1890's Americans fought for liberty in the Philippines believing these people were to savage to self govern themselves. While the Filipino people also fought for their liberty against American influence. This war is the least remembered American war

How does community activism lead to political and social change?

improves the quality of every day life

In addition to the rights to vote and to hold public office, which is another example of pro-civil rights legislation that came as a result of the political engagement of citizens?

integrated schools

Which of the following is a group that reflects the pluralist theory of government?

labor union

Four students are running for class president. Marvin proposes a system where representatives from various groups meet regularly with class leaders to keep them aware of student desires. Shelby wants to have student government that is guided by a small group of the highest academic achievers. Lana suggests less student government altogether, allowing faculty to make the important policy decisions. Wayne supports student government that places more restrictions on students, particularly how they dress. Which candidate reflects the pluralist theory of government?

marvin

Consumer Protection

measures to shield buyers of goods and services from unsafe products and unfair or illegal sales practices

Municipal Housekeeping

militant women who believed that a woman's place was in the home, but that the home was larger than just four walls, they believed a woman's home was her city and that it was the responsibility of women to keep their cities safe and clean

Farmers' Alliance

network of farmers' organizations that worked for political and economic reforms in the late 1800s

Laird argues that the U.S. government has transitioned from a representative democracy to a government that is controlled by a small group of the most wealthy and powerful. Which type of government is Laird describing?

oligarchy

On which of the following does a representative democracy hinge?

participation of citizens

Which best describes a tradeoff in government?

policy that strikes a compromise

Which of the following is a description of ideology?

principles that form the basis of a political party

In addition to the safety and well-being of its citizens and economic prosperity, which is another key goal of most governments?

secure national borders

Which is a primary factor that currently contributes to the lower turnout of younger voters in the United States?

tangibility of issues

Negro Rule

term referring to legislatures with former slaves holding office. Referred to as vindictive, vengeful. In reality, the term is not justified. In only one state (Mississippi) and for only a two-year period were Freedmen in a majority in the legislature

Omaha Platform

the 1892 platform of the Populist party repudiating laissez-faire and demanding economic and political reform

Which best describes how politics relates to government?

the process of gaining control for the purpose of achieving governmental goals

As a result of citizen concern that federal laws around gun control were too lax, the state passed policy that required background checks for purchase of a handgun. This is an example of a(n) _______.

tradeoff

Distrust of the opposing party, rather than an ideological commitment to their own party, is at the heart of most partisanship among voters, true or false

true

Members of Congress tend to lack diversity and resemble one another in terms of income and level of education, true or false

true

Sometimes government systems are confused with economic systems, because some types of political thought are closely related to or develop with certain types of economic systems, true or false

true