Motors, Transformers, and Generators

All types of electrical motors have three key components:

1. A rotating element (rotor) with magnets. 2. A stationary magnet that surrounds the rotor 3.A commuter that switches the electromagnets from north to south at the right place to keep the rotor spinning

The amount of voltage produced depends on:

1. Speed 2.Magentism 2Shape of wire: many coils in the wire produce high voltages

Inducted Current

A changing magnetic filed produces an electric current in a loop

Direct current:

A current that always flows in the same direction it is powered by cells and batteries.

Alternating current:

A current that constantly changes direction. It is produced by most electrical generators.

Induction:

Generating a current in a wire by moving the wire in a magnetic field

_____________ use generators to produce electricity on a larger scale.

Power stations

Faraday's Law:

The inducted voltage in a cell is proportional to the number of loops x by the magnetic field

Slip rings:

The parts of a generator arable the rotating coil to produce alternating current

________________________________ is electrical current which comes from a generator. As the electromagnet is rotated in the permanent magnet the direction of the current ___________ once for every revolution.

alternating current; alternates

The rotating part of the motor, including the electromagnets, is called the _________.

armature

If you take apart an electric motor that runs on batteries, the same three mechanisms are there; the difference is in the _________ of the electromagnets and permanent magnets.

arrangement

If you move a magnet near a ________, a current will be produced.

coil of wire

The process of reversing the current in the electromagnet is done by a ___________.

communicator

Transformers are extremely useful because they _______ and _______ the voltage coming through the wires, while providing the same total power.

control; change

If the magnetic field is _____, the inducted current is in the opposite direction.

decreasing

A relationship between voltages and turns for a transformer results because the two coils have a _______ number of turns.

different

_________________________ is a electrical current which comes from a battery which supplies a ____________ of electricity in one direction.

direct current; constant flow

An ______________ is a machine that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy

electric motor

This process is called ___________, because a moving magnet _____ electric current to flow.

electromagnetic induction; induces

The disk will keep spinning as long as the ___________ is ________ every time the magnet in the disk passes by.

external magnet; reversed

Stronger magnet =

higher voltage

If the magnetic field is ______, the inducted current is in one direction.

increasing

If the magnetic field does not change, such as when the magnet is stationary, the current ___________.

is zero

A generator is a device that uses induction to convert ________ into ________.

mechanical energy; electrical energy

A ______electric charge creates magnetism, changing magnetic fields also __________________________________________.

moving; can cause electric charge to move

The _______ magnets are on the ________ and they stay fixed in place.

permanent; outside

As the rotor spins, the three plates come into contact with the _______ and _____ brushes.

positive; negative

One or more stationary magnets reverse their poles to _______ and ______ on a rotating assembly of magnets.

push; pull

The disk is called the _______ because it can rotate.

rotor

Electric current flows ________________________________ into the coils

through the brushes

Step up transformers are used to _______ energy long distance.

transfer

Turbine

when the armature of a generator is connected to a wheel which captures wind, water, or steam in order to turn and produce electrical energy