MP1 Benchmark World Studies

What did Donald Johanson discover? What did he name it?

A 3.2 million year old skeleton, Lucy

What is Daoism? Who is the founder? Beliefs?

A chinese philosophy based on the writings of Laotzu, Laozi, nature, not people, ultimately controls how things change

What is a dynasty?

A line of hereditary rulers of a country

Explain the phalanx?

A military formation

What are Pictographs?

A picture symbol for a word or phrase

Identify and explain the five parts of a civilization?

Advanced cities, specialized workers, complex institutions, social structure, and advanced technology

What is the Phoenicians greatest contribution to history?

An alphabetic writing system and phonics sounds

Who is Homer and what is he responsible for creating?

An author, he wrote the Iliad and the Odyssey

Identify the three types of social scientists and what is the job of each?

Archeologists (studies history), Anthropologists(studies human culture), and Paleontologists (studies fossils)

What type of architecture would be found in the Sumerian civilization?

Arches, domes, and vaults

Where is the Hanging Garden located?

Babylon

Describe the achievements of the Assyrian civilization.

Creators of the first written language, 360 degree circle, hammurabi's code of law, and are credited with other military, and artistic achievements

What people considered their ruler both a king and a god? What did they call this person?

Egyptians, Pharaoh

What are the cities of the Indus Valley Civilization?

Harappa, Ganeiwala, and Mohenjo in modern day Pakistan. Dholavira , Kalibangan, Rakhigarhi, Rupar, and Lothal in modern day India.

What technologies are the Hittites famous for?

Iron technology

Which of the religions has no clergy as part of its leadership?

Islamic , Confucianism

Why didn't the Greeks unite under one government?

Its Geography

Who is the leader that developed a famous law code?

King Hammurabi

What philosophy did the monarch Shi Huangdi use during his reign?

Legalism

What is the advantage of the Nile river over the Tigris & Euphrates rivers?

Less damage when there was flooding

What other civilizations did the Indus Valley people trade with?

Mesopotamia

Explain the difference between monotheism and polytheism.

Monotheism - belief in one god. Polytheism - belief in more than one god

What separates Greece into its different regions?

Mountain ranges

What is the shift from food gathering to food production called?

Neolithic Revolution

Which type of government was used by the Spartans?

Oligarchy

What great discovery did Mary Leakey make?

Prehistoric footprints

What is the cycle that Hindu believers pass through? What are they trying to reach?

Samsara, reincarnation or rebirth

Who is the founder of Buddhism? What name is he known by?

Siddhartha Gautama, The buddha

Where do Christians get their information about Jesus Christ?

The bible

What is the relationship like between the Egyptians and Nubia during the New kingdom period?

The egyptians wanted to gain control over areas in Nubia

What does the construction of the pyramids demonstrate about Egyptian culture?

The leadership, economy, and government are strong. They had access to a good supply of stone, They had good mathematical and engineering skills

Example of essay question: Explain the development of early civilizations?

The river valleys had floodplains which made rich soil that helped with irrigation. In early civilization there was a rise in trade that allowed people to have food and economic stability. There was also a rise in agriculture. Many people didn't have to worry about only farming, there were more job opportunities.

Identify and explain the difference between silt in the Huang He river valley and other river valleys?

The silt is yellow, when in other river valleys it is not

What is the way of life of the Indo-European people?

They herded cattle, sheep, and goats. They also tamed horses and rode on two wheeled chariots

What did the Indus Valley people include with all of their trade transactions?

They traded seals

what does the discovery of the footprints indicates about hominids?

We discovered that the hominids were walking upright, and how they were living their life

What is the caste system in India? What group of people established this system?

a social hierarchy passed down through families, Aryans

What are the basic beliefs taught by Confucianism?

ancestor worship and human centered virtues for living a peaceful life

Identify and explain Egyptian Hieroglyphics.

the formal writing system used in ancient egypt for writing the egyptian language

What is the mandate of Heaven? What impact does it have on the monarchy?

the idea that there could be only one legitimate ruler of China at a time, and that this ruler had the blessing of the gods, the impact is that it gives the ruler prestige and religious importance

What beliefs do Hinduism and Buddhism have in common?

they believe in reincarnation

Explain the Confucian philosophy on relationships and parents?

uses the family as the basis of society, and the relationships of the family members define proper social and political behavior

What set Darius apart from other leaders?

was known for military conquests

How do Jainist Monks protect themselves from harming insects?

wear fabric over their mouths to avoid breathing in insects or microbes, and sweep ahead of themselves while walking to avoid treading on bugs.