Musculoskeletal Study Q's
A patient with gout has a new prescription for losartan (Cozaar). What should the nurse plan to monitor? a. Blood glucose b. Blood pressure c. Erythrocyte count d. Lymphocyte count
B
Which assessment finding for a 55-yr-old patient should alert the nurse to the presence of osteoporosis? a. Bowed legs b. Loss of height c. Report of frequent falls d. Aversion to dairy products
B
What suggestion should the nurse make to a group of women with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) about managing activities of daily living? a. Protect the knee joints by sleeping with a small pillow under the knees. b. Strengthen small hand muscles by wringing out sponges or washcloths. c. Avoid activities requiring repetitive use of the same muscles and joints. d. Stand rather than sit when performing daily household and yard chores.
C
A 25-yr-old female patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) has a facial rash and alopecia. She tells the nurse, "I never leave my house because I hate the way I look." Which patient problem should the nurse plan to address? a. Social isolation b. Activity intolerance c. Impaired skin integrity d. Impaired social interaction
a
After teaching a 28-yr-old with fibromyalgia about the disease, which patient statement does the nurse determines indicates a good understanding of effective self-management? a. "I will need to stop drinking so much coffee and soda." b. "I am going to join a soccer team to get more exercise." c. "I will call the doctor every time my symptoms get worse." d. "I should avoid using over-the-counter medications for pain."
a
What finding should indicate to the nurse that colchicine has been effective for a patient with an acute attack of gout? a. Reduced joint pain b. Increased urine output c. Elevated serum uric acid d. Increased white blood cell
a
Which finding for a patient who is taking hydroxychloroquine (Plaquenil) to treat rheumatoid arthritis should the nurse identify as a likely adverse effect of the medication? a. Blurred vision b. Joint tenderness c. Abdominal cramping d. Elevated blood pressure
a
During assessment of the patient with fibromyalgia, the nurse should expect the patient to report which of the following? (Select all that apply.) a. Sleep disturbances b. Multiple tender points c. Cardiac palpitations and dizziness d. Multijoint inflammation and swelling e. Widespread bilateral, burning musculoskeletal pain
a,b,e
A 29-yr-old woman is taking methotrexate to treat rheumatoid arthritis. Considering this treatment, which information should the nurse report to the health care provider? a. The patient had a history of infectious mononucleosis as a teenager. b. The patient is trying to get pregnant before her disease becomes more severe. c. The patient has a family history of age-related macular degeneration of the retina. d. The patient has been using large doses of vitamins and health foods to treat the RA
b
A patient has recently been diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) The patient, who has two school-age children, tells the nurse that home life is very stressful. Which initial response should the nurse make? a. "You need to see a family therapist for some help with stress." b. "Tell me more about the situations that are causing you stress." c. "Perhaps it would be helpful for your family to be in a support group." d. "Your family should understand the impact of your rheumatoid arthritis."
b
Anakinra (Kineret) is prescribed for a patient with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). What information should the nurse include in teaching the patient about this drug? a. Avoiding aspirin use. b. Giving subcutaneous injections. c. Taking the medication with water. d. Recognizing gastrointestinal bleeding.
b
How should the nurse suggest that a patient recently diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) plan to start each day? a. A brief routine of isometric exercises b. A warm bath followed by a short rest c. Active range-of-motion (ROM) exercises d. Stretching exercises to relieve joint stiffness
b
The health care provider has prescribed the following interventions for a patient who is taking azathioprine (Imuran) for systemic lupus erythematosus. Which order should the nurse question? a. Draw anti-DNA blood titer. b. Administer varicella vaccine. c. Naproxen 200 mg twice daily. d. Famotidine (Pepcid) 20 mg daily
b
The nurse is assessing a patient with osteoarthritis who uses naproxen (Naproxyn) for pain management. Which assessment finding should the nurse recognize as likely to require a change in medication? a. The patient has gained 3 pounds. b. The patient has dark-colored stools. c. The patient's pain affects multiple joints. d. The patient uses capsaicin cream (Zostrix)
b
What action should the nurse complete before administering alendronate (Fosamax) to a patient with osteoporosis? a. Ask about any leg cramps or hot flashes. b. Assist the patient to sit up at the bedside. c. Be sure that the patient has recently eaten. d. Administer the ordered calcium carbonate
b
Which action should the nurse include in the plan of care for a patient with a new diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA)? a. Instruct the patient to purchase a soft mattress. b. Encourage the patient to take a nap in the afternoon. c. Teach the patient to use lukewarm water when bathing. d. Suggest exercise with light weights several times daily.
b
Which assessment information should indicate to the nurse that a patient with an exacerbation of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is experiencing a side effect of prednisone? a. The patient has joint pain and stiffness. b. The patient's blood glucose is 165 mg/dL. c. The patient has experienced a recent 5-pound weight loss. d. The patient's erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) has increased.
b
Which finding should the nurse expect when assessing a patient who has osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee? a. Presence of Heberden's nodules b. Discomfort with joint movement c. Redness and swelling of the knee joint d. Stiffness that increases with movement
b
Which information should the nurse include when preparing teaching materials for a patient who has an exacerbation of rheumatoid arthritis? a. Affected joints should not be exercised when pain is present b. Applying cold packs before exercise may decrease joint pain c. Exercises should be performed passively by someone other than the patient d. Walking may substitute for range-of-motion (ROM) exercises on some days
b
Which laboratory result should the nurse monitor to determine if prednisone has been effective for a patient who has an acute exacerbation of rheumatoid arthritis? a. Blood glucose b. C-reactive protein c. Serum electrolytes d. Liver function tests
b
Which result for a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) should the nurse identify as most important to communicate to the health care provider? a. Decreased C-reactive protein (CRP) b. Elevated blood urea nitrogen (BUN) c. Positive antinuclear antibodies (ANA) d. Positive lupus erythematosus cell prep
b
Which statement by a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) indicates the patient understands the nurse's teaching about the condition? a. "I will exercise even if I am tired." b. "I will use sunscreen when I am outside." c. "I should avoid nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs." d. "I should take birth control pills to avoid getting pregnant."
b
A patient with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) tells the clinic nurse about having chronically dry eyes. Which action should the nurse take? a. Ask the HCP about discontinuing methotrexate. b. Remind the patient that RA is a chronic health condition. c. Suggest the patient use over-the-counter (OTC) artificial tears. d. Teach the patient about adverse effects of the RA medications.
c
The nurse should anticipate the need to teach a patient who has osteoarthritis (OA) about which medication? a. Prednisone b. Adalimumab (Humira) c. Capsaicin cream (Zostrix) d. Sulfasalazine (Azulfidine)
c
The nurse teaches a patient with osteoarthritis (OA) of the hip about how to manage the OA. Which patient statement indicates to the nurse a need for additional teaching? a. "A shower in the morning will help relieve stiffness." b. "I can exercise every day to help maintain joint mobility." c. "I will take 1 gram of acetaminophen (Tylenol) every 4 hours." d. "I can use a cane to decrease the pressure and pain in my hip.
c
A new clinic patient with joint swelling and pain is having diagnostic tests. Which test should the nurse identify as specific to systemic lupus erythematosus? a. Rheumatoid factor (RF) b. Antinuclear antibody (ANA) c. Anti-Smith antibody (Anti-Sm) d. Lupus erythematosus (LE) cell prep
c
A patient is taking methotrexate to treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Which laboratory result is important for the nurse to communicate to the health care provider? a. Rheumatoid factor is positive. b. Fasting blood glucose is 90 mg/dL. c. The white blood cell count is 1500/µL. d. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate is increased
c
A patient who takes multiple medications develops acute gout arthritis. Which medication should the nurse discuss with the health care provider before administering a prescribed dose? a. sertraline (Zoloft). b. famotidine (Pepcid). c. hydrochlorothiazide. d. oxycodone (Roxicodone).
c
A patient with an acute attack of gout in the right great toe has a new prescription for probenecid. Which information about the patient's home routine should the nurse understand indicates a need for teaching regarding gout management? a. The patient sleeps 8-10 hours each night. b. The patient usually eats beef once a week. c. The patient takes one aspirin a day to prevent angina. d. The patient usually drinks about 3 quarts water each day
c
A patient with hypertension and gout has a red, painful right great toe. Which action should the nurse include in the plan of care for this patient? a. Gently palpate the toe to assess swelling. b. Use pillows to keep the right foot elevated. c. Use a footboard to hold bedding away from the toe. d. Teach the patient to avoid acetaminophen (Tylenol)
c
When the nurse brings medications to a patient with rheumatoid arthritis, the patient refuses the prescribed methotrexate. The patient tells the nurse, "My arthritis isn't that bad yet. The side effects of methotrexate are worse than the arthritis." What is the most appropriate response by the nurse? a. "You have the right to refuse to take the methotrexate." b. "Methotrexate is less expensive than some of the newer drugs." c. "It is important to start methotrexate early to decrease the extent of joint damage." d. "Methotrexate is effective and has fewer side effects than some of the other drugs.
c
A 54-yr-old woman who recently reached menopause and has a family history of osteoporosis is diagnosed with osteopenia. Which information should the nurse explain to the patient? a. With a family history of osteoporosis, there is no way to prevent or slow bone resorption. b. Estrogen replacement therapy must be started to prevent rapid progression to osteoporosis. c. Continuous, low-dose corticosteroid treatment is effective in stopping the course of osteoporosis. d. Calcium loss from bones can be slowed by increasing calcium intake and weight-bearing exercise.
d
The home health nurse is making a follow-up visit to a patient recently diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Which finding indicates to the nurse that additional patient teaching is needed? a. The patient takes a 2-hour nap each day. b. The patient has been taking 16 aspirins each day. c. The patient sits on a stool while preparing meals. d. The patient sleeps with two pillows under the head.
d
The nurse assesses a 78-yr-old who uses naproxen (Aleve) daily for hand and knee osteoarthritis management. Which information should the nurse discuss with the health care provider for an urgent change in the treatment plan? a. Knee crepitation is noted with normal knee range of motion. b. Patient reports embarrassment about having Heberden's nodes. c. Patient's knee pain while golfing has increased over the last year. d. Laboratory results indicate blood urea nitrogen (BUN) is elevated.
d
Which menu choice by a patient with osteoporosis indicates the nurse's teaching about appropriate diet has been effective? a. Pancakes with syrup and bacon b. Whole wheat toast and fresh fruit c. Egg-white omelet and a half grapefruit d. Oatmeal with skim milk and fruit yogurt
d
Which patient seen by the nurse in the outpatient clinic is most likely to need teaching about ways to reduce the risk for osteoarthritis (OA)? a. A 56-yr-old man who has a sedentary office job b. A 38-yr-old man who plays on a summer softball team c. A 38-yr-old woman who is newly diagnosed with diabetes d. A 56-yr-old woman who works on an automotive assembly line
d