Music appreciation Exam 1 Crowder
If a pitch vibrates at 880 cycles, the octave below would vibrate at ___________ cycles.
440 cycles
Flute and piccolo players: a. blow across the edge of a mouth hole b. blow through a "whistle" mouthpiece c. use a single reed d. use a double reed
a. blow across the edge of a mouth hole
The strings of a violin are tuned: a. by tightening or loosening the pegs b. by putting on new strings c. by moving the bridge d. at the factory
a. by tightening or loosening the pegs
Changes in musical style from one historical period to the next are usually: a. continuous b. recognizable only by scholars and professional musicians c. very abrupt d. for the worse
a. continuous
Which of the following is NOT a normal classification of male voice ranges? a. contralto b. baritone c. tenor d. bass
a. contralto
Forward motion, conflict, and change of mood all come from: a. contrast b. repetition c. homogeneity d. dynamics
a. contrast
Before 1850, French horn and trumpet players would insert ______________ into their instruments to change the range of available pitches. a. crooks b. reeds c. mutes d. mouthpieces
a. crooks
The ___________ pedal is the most important of the three pedals usually found on a piano. a. damper b. sostenuto c. una corda d. swell
a. damper
An estampie is a medieval: a. dance b. stringed instrument c. secular song form d. song of worship
a. dance
The four main properties of sounds are pitch, dynamics, tone color, and: a. duration b. rhythm c. melody d. medium
a. duration
A dynamic accent occurs in music when a performer: a. emphasizes a tone by playing it more loudly than the tone around it b. plays all the notes loudly c. stamps his or her foot on the floor d. begins speeding up the music
a. emphasizes a tone by playing it more loudly than the tone around it
The English horn is neither English nor a horn, but a(n): a. form of bugle b. piece of cane used by woodwind players c. percussion instrument d. alto oboe
a. form of a bugle
Gregorian chant: a. is monophonic in texture b. is polyphonic in texture c. is homophonic in texture d. has no texture
a. is monophonic in texture
Embellishments are: a. ornaments not printed in the music that 17th and 18th century performers were expected to add b. music created at the same time it was performed c. notes in the music that embellish the melody d. obsolete in contemporary performances
a. ornaments not printed in the music that 17th and 18th century performers were expected to add
The center of polyphonic music in Europe after 1150 was: a. Paris b. Rome c. Reims d. London
a. paris
Register refers to: a. part of an instrument's total range b. playing two or more notes at the same time c. the instrument manufacturer's brand name d. the number of reeds an instrument uses
a. part of an instrument's total range
The highest woodwind instrument in the orchestra is the: a. piccolo b. flute c. oboe d. clarinet
a. piccolo
The distance between the lowest and highest tones a voice or instrument can produce is called: a. pitch range b. an octave c. dynamic accent d. timbre
a. pitch range
In medieval times, most polyphonic music was created by: a. placing new melodic lines against known chants b. harmonizing melodies with chords c. having some singers embellish the chant during church services d. adding orchestral instruments to church music
a. placing new melodic lines against known chants
In the Middle Ages, most important musicians are: a. priests c. peasants b. traveling entertainers d. women
a. priests
A thin piece of cane, used singly or in pairs by woodwind players, is called a: a. reed b. mute c. double stop d. mouthpiece
a. reed
Cantus firms is the term used for: a. a part of the Catholic church's religious service b. a chant that is used as the basis for polyphony c. the melody added to a Gregorian chant to form organum d. the singers of a church choir
b. a chant that is used as the basis for polyphony
A chord is: a. a pattern of accents used in music b. a combination of three or more tones sounded at once c. a series of individual tones heard one after another d. a resting points at the end of a phrase
b. a combination of three or more tones sounded at once
A cadence is: a. the emotional focal point of a melody b. a resting place at the end of a phrase c. a melody that serves as the starting point for a more extended piece of music d. the repetition of a melodic pattern at a higher or lower pitch
b. a resting place at the end of a phrase
The saxophone is: a. a double reed woodwind instrument b. a single reed woodwind instrument c. a brass instrument d. not a true musical instrument
b. a single reed woodwind instrument
When two different tones blend so well when sounded together that they almost seem to merge into one tone, the interval is called a(n): a. dynamic accent c. pitch range b. octave d. interval
b. an octave
When the individual tones of a chord are sounded one after another instead of simultaneously, it is called a broken chord or: a. cadence b. arpeggio c. Allegro d. progression
b. arpeggio
Many conductors use a thin stick called a __________ to beat time and indicate pulse and tempo. a. reed b. baton c. concertmaster d. All of the above
b. baton
The form consisting of a musical statement followed by a counterstatement would be called: a. ternary b. binary c. free d. All of the above
b. binary
The frequency of vibrations is measured in: a. cycles per minute c. dynamic levels b. cycles per second d. Italian words
b. cycles per second
A virtuoso is a performer who has: a. a great natural talent b. developed an extraordinary technical mastery c. learned to sing or play an instrument d. an uncle in the business
b. developed an extraordinary technical mastery
The first, or stressed, beat of a measure is known as the: a. upbeat b. downbeat c. head d. intro.
b. downbeat
Beeps, clangs, whistles, never-ending gongs, and other effects can be added to music at a composer's electronic whim through: a. clubbing b. dubbing c. embellishments d. molding
b. dubbing
When a performer emphasizes a tone by playing it more loudly than the tones around it, it is called a _______________. a. blooper b. dynamic accent c. crescendo d. pianissimo
b. dynamic accent
Alleluia: a. may be translated as "praise ye the Lord" b. is a Latinized form of the Hebrew word "hallelujah" c. is often used in Gregorian chants d. All of the above
d. All of the above
During the Renaissance every educated person was expected to: a. read musical notation c. be skilled in dance b. play a musical instrument d. All of the above
d. All of the above
The Renaissance, as a stylistic period in western music, encompassed the years: a. 1450-1600 b. 1600-1750 c. 1750-1820 d. 1820-1900
a. 1450-1600
An outstanding composer of the ars nova was: a. Guillaume de Machaut c. Leonin b. Perotin d. Pope Gregory I
a. Guillaume de Machaut
The musical element that refers to the way chords are constructed and how they follow each other is: a. harmony b. tempo c. melody d. meter
a. Harmony
An outstanding composer of the school of Notre Dame was: a. Perotin c. Hildegard of Bingen b. Guillaume de Machaut d. Pope Gregory I
a. Perotin
Which of the following is the slowest tempo indication? a. adagio b. andante c. Allegro d. vivace
a. adagio
The Italian term _____________ is a tempo marking to indicate a moderately slow or walking piece. a. andante b. Allegro c. adagio d. largo
a. andante
The ______________ is a regular, recurrent pulsation that divides music into equal units of time. a. beat b. syncopation c. tempo d. rhythm
a. beat
A musical statement, followed by a repeat of that statement, then a counterstatement, would be called _____________ form. a. binary b. ternary c. song d. free
a. binary
Before the 19th century, the time beat was: a. given by the first violinist, the keyboard player, or both b. unnecessary, since there were only a few performers c. given by the soloist of the work or not at all d. given only for the chorus, since the orchestra was composed of professionals who didn't need direction
a. given by the first violinist, the keyboard player, or both
The very high-pitched tones that are produced when a string player lightly touches certain points on a string is called: a. harmonics b. vibrato c. pizzicato d. tremolo
a. harmonics
In general, the smaller the vibration element, the __________ its pitch. a. higher b. softer c. lower d. louder
a. higher
Staccato refers to playing or singing a melody: a. in a short detached manner b. in a smooth, connected manner c. at a higher or lower pitch d. in small step
a. in a short detached manner
A melodic phrase ending that steps up expectations for continuation is known as a(n): a. incomplete cadence c. sentence b. complete cadence d. theme
a. incomplete cadence
By adding a dot to the right of a note we: a. increase its duration by half b. decrease its duration by half c. add a dynamic accent d. double the note's value
a. increase duration by half
Tonality is another term for: a. key b. scale c. chromaticism d. modulation
a. key
A smooth, connected style of playing a melody is known as: a. legato b. staccato c. glissando d. vibrato
a. legato
A versatile plucked string instrument with a body shaped like half a pear, popular during the Renaissance, was the: a. lute b. recorder c. viol d. shawm
a. lute
The organization of beats into regular groups is called: a. meter b. syncopation c. tempo d. dynamics
a. meter
Contrapuntal texture is sometimes used in place of the term: a. monophonic texture b. homophonic texture c. polyphonic texture d. unisonal performance
a. monophonic texture
One of the major characteristics of ars nova music is its use of: a. syncopation c. Gregorian chant b. organum d. monophonic texture
a. syncopation
A musical statement followed by a contrasting statement and then a return of the original statement would be called: a. ternary form c. free form b. binary form d. double form
a. ternary form
The triad built on the first step of the scale called: a. the tonic chord c. a progression b. a dominant chord d. the resolution
a. the tonic chord
The form of the chant "Allelulia: Vidimus stellam" is: a. theme and variation c. through-composed b. ABA d. ABACABA
b. ABA
The first large body of secular songs that survives in decipherable notation was composed by: a. priests and monks b. French nobles called troubadours and trouveres c. wandering minstrels or jongleurs d. professional dancers and singers
b. French nobles called troubadours and trouveres
The music the Medieval monks sang was called: a. contemporary gospel b. Gregorian chant c. estampies d. trouvere songs
b. Gregorian chant
__________________ is a term applied to medieval music that consists of Gregorian chant and one or more additional melodic lines. a. Alleluia b. Organum c. Jongleurs d. Ostinato
b. Organum
Key refers to: a. the major scale b. a central tonic, scale, and chord c. any twelve random pitches d. a musical symbol placed at the beginning of the staff
b. a central tonic, scale, and chord
The loudness of a sound is related to the ______________ of the vibration that produces the sound. a. timbre b. amplitude c. duration d. frequency
b. amplitude
In the recording of the medieval Estampie, the melody is played on a rebec, a: a. medieval drum c. tubular wind instrument b. bowed string instrument d. plucked string instrument
b. bowed string instrument
A __________ is placed at the beginning of a staff to show the exact pitch of each line and space. a. note b. clef c. ledger line d. sharp sign
b. clef
A gradual increase in loudness is known as a: a. decrescendo b. crescendo c. fortissimo d. diminuendo
b. crescendo
A consonance is a combination of tones that: a. is considered unstable and tense b. is considered stable and restful c. are sounded one after the other d. form a melody
b. is considered stable and restful
In most lute songs, the lute accompaniment: a. is given equal prominence with the voice b. is subordinate to the voice c. is more prominent than the voice d. plays the same melody as the voice
b. is subordinate to the voice
Palestrina's "Pope Marcellus Mass" sounds fuller than Josquin's "Ave Maria" because: a. Palestrina was a better composer b. it is set for six voices instead of four c. the recording engineer adjusted the levels differently d. All of the above
b. it is set for six voices instead of four
Romanticism, as a stylistic period in western music, encompassed the years: a. 1450-1600 b. 1600-1750 c. 1750-1820 d. 1820-1900
d. 1820-1900
An example of homophonic texture could be a: a. hymn b. barbershop quartet c. folksinger accompanied by a guitar d. All of the above
d. all of the above
Three-part form can be represented as: a. A B A c. statement, contrast, return b. A B A' d. All of the above
d. all of the above
Analog synthesis refers to a technology based on: a. representing data in terms of measureable physical quantities b. placing brief digital recordings of live sounds under the control of a synthesizer keyboard c. representing physical quantities as numbers d. interfacing synthesizer equipment
a. representing data in terms of measureable physical quantities
The notation of troubadour and trouvere melodies does not indicate: a. rhythm b. pitch c. duration d. All of the above
a. rhythm
A technology based on placing brief digital recordings of live sounds under the control of a synthesizer keyboard is known as: a. sampling b. digital frequency modulation synthesis c. analog synthesis d. MIDI
a. sampling
A melody that serves as the starting point for a more extended piece of music is called a: a. theme b. tune c. climax d. cadence
a. theme
Rapidly repeating tones by quick up-and-down strokes of the bow is a string technique known as: a. tremolo b. pizzicato c. vibrato d. portamento
a. tremolo
The word chromatic comes from the Greek word chroma, color, and is used in music to refer to the: a. twelve tones of the octave b. eight tones of the octave c. color of the instrumentation d. use of colorful descriptions of the music
a. twelve tones of the octave
A cappella refers to: a. unaccompanied choral music b. men taking their hats off in church c. singing in a hushed manner d. any form of music appropriate for church use
a. unaccompanied choral music
Performance of a single melodic line by more than one instrument or voice is described as playing or singing in: a. unison b. counterpoint c. harmony d. imitation
a. unison
When the string player causes small pitch fluctuations by rocking the left hand while pressing the string down, it is called: a. vibrato b. pizzicato c. tremolo d. nervosa
a. vibrato
During the Middle Ages, women: a. were not permitted to sing in church b. sang at all church services c. could sing only in monasteries d. were not permitted to participate in church services
a. were not permitted to sing in church
Thomas Weelkes's "As Vesta Was Descending" is notable for its: a. word painting c. instrumental accompaniment b. completely homophonic texture d. monophonic texture
a. word painting
The intellectual movement called "Humanism": a. condemned any remnant of pagan antiquity b. focused on human life and its accomplishments c. treated the Madonna as a childlike unearthly creature d. focused on the afterlife in heaven and hell
b. focused on human life and its accomplishments
When harmonized by chords, "Row, Row, Row Your Boat" is an example of: a. monophonic texture c. polyphonic texture b. homophonic texture d. a round
b. homophonic texture
The bow that string players usually use to produce sound on their instruments is a slightly curved stick strung tightly with: a. catgut b. horsehair c. string d. flax
b. horsehair
In a musical time signature, the upper number tells: a. what kind of note gets a beat b. how many beats fall in a measure c. how many notes there are in a measure d. how many measures there are in a composition
b. how many beats fall in a measure
When a melodic idea is presented by one voice or instrument and then restated immediately by another voice or instrument, the technique is called: a. counterpoint b. imitation c. copying d. All of the above
b. imitation
When notating music for others to read, composer traditionally have used ________________ words to indicate dynamics. a. English b. Italian c. German d. Russian
b. italian
Sharp or flat signs immediately following the clef sign at the beginning of the staff of a musical composition are called the: a. time signature c. music signature b. key signature d. meter
b. key signature
The two main forms of sacred Renaissance music are the mass and the: a. Kyrie b. motet c. madrigal d. cantata
b. motet
A polychoral motet is a: a. polyphonic composition for mixed voices b. motet for two or more choirs, often including groups of instruments c. homophonic composition for brass choir d. five-voiced choral composition
b. motet for two or more choirs, often including groups of instruments
Improvisation is: a. a technique used only in jazz and nonwestern music b. music created at the same time is it performed c. the addition of ornaments not indicated in the printed music d. All of the above
b. music created at the same time is it performed
When tones are separated by the interval called a(n) ___________, they sound very much alike. a. pitch range c. dyad b. octave d. cycle
b. octave
The medieval jongleurs, important sources of information in a time when there were no newspapers, were: a. ranked on a high social level b. on the lowest social level c. equal in rank to the troubadours and trouveres d. welcomed by the nobility as distinguished guests
b. on the lowest social level
Homophonic texture consists of: a. a single melodic line without accompaniment b. one main melody accompanied by chords c. two or more melodies of relatively equal interest performed simultaneously d. two or more different versions of the same basic melody performed simultaneously
b. one main melody accompanied by chords
Bringing the printed symbols of a page of music to life is the job of the: a. publisher b. performer c. composer d. soloist
b. performer
The Renaissance madrigal is a: a. polyphonic choral composition made up of five sections b. piece for several solo voices set to a short poem, usually about love c. dancelike song for several voices d. polyphonic choral work set to a sacred Latin text
b. piece for several solo voices set to a short poem, usually about love
The ______________ is a keyboard instrument that uses vibrating air columns to produce sound. a. piano b. pipe organ c. harpsichord d. accordion
b. pipe organ
The __________ of a sound is decided by the frequency of its vibrations. a. dynamics b. pitch c. timbre d. amplitude
b. pitch
The relative highness and lowness of a sound is called: a. timbre b. pitch c. dynamics d. octave
b. pitch
Plucking the string with the finger instead of using a bow is called: a. tremolo b. pizzicato c. vibrato d. pluckato
b. pizzicato
A series of chords is called a(n): a. triad b. progression c. arpeggio d. consonance
b. progression
A part of an instrument's total range is called a: a. mute b. register c. pizzicato d. subrange
b. register
The treble clef is used for: a. relatively low pitches, such as those played by a pianist's left hand b. relatively high pitches, such as those played by the pianist's right hand c. drums and non-pitched percussion instruments d. middle range pitches, such as those played by the violas
b. relatively high pitches, such as those played by the pianist's right hand
The passamezzo is a: a. lively dance in triple meter b. stately dance in duple meter similar to the pavane c. gay, sprightly dance in duple meter d. wooden instrument with a cup-shaped mouthpiece
b. stately dance in duple meter similar to the pavane
Gregorian chant melodies tend to move: a. by leaps over a wide range of pitches b. stepwise within a narrow range of pitches c. infrequently, remaining on a single tone for long stretches d. only be perfect intervals
b. stepwise within a narrow range of pitches
Late Medieval secular music made use of: a. every kind of musical instrument b. stringed instruments and organs c. free, non-metrical rhythm d. the same harmonies as sacred music
b. stringed instruments and organs ***
_________________ is defined as putting an accent in music where it would not normally be expected. a. Meter b. Syncopation c. Tempo d. Dynamics
b. syncopation
The main tool of composers of electronic music during the 1950's was the: a. synthesizer b. tape studio c. piano d. sampler
b. tape studio
Western music uses __________ letters of the alphabet to indicate pitch. a. the first five b. the first seven c. a wide variety d. the last three
b. the first seven
Dynamic tension that demands onward motion in music is usually the result of: a. the performer's technical ability b. the impulse of dissonance to be resolved c. the audience's response d. a high volume level
b. the impulse of dissonance to be resolved
John Dowland's "Flow My Tears" consists of ____________ musical sections that are each immediately repeated. a. two b. three c. four d. five
b. three
The sense of relatedness to a central tone is known as: a. modulation b. tonality c. transposition d. atonal
b. tonality
Most medieval music was: a. instrumental c. for the piano b. vocal d. for the organ
b. vocal
The xylophone consists of a set of ____________ bars that are played with mallets. a. metal b. wooden c. plastic d. glass
b. wooden
In the full score of an orchestral composition, the families of instruments are arranged from top to bottom in the order of: a. strings, woodwinds, brass, percussion b. woodwinds, brass, percussion, strings c. brass, woodwinds, percussion, strings d. percussion, woodwinds, brass, strings
b. woodwinds, brass, percussion, strings
The Renaissance in music occurred between: a. 1000 and 1150 c. 1450-1600 b. 1150-1450 d. 1600-1750
c. 1450-1600
The Baroque period in western music is usually given as: a. 450-1450 b. 1450-1600 c. 1600-1750 d. 1750-1820
c. 1600-1750
Classicism, as a stylistic period in western music, encompassed the years: a. 1450-1600 b. 1600-1750 c. 1750-1820 d. 1820-1900
c. 1750-1820
The most celebrated Italian composer of the 14th century was: a. Leonin c. Francesco Landini b. Hildegard of Bingen d. Guillaume de Machaut
c. Francesco Landini
________________ are systems of electronic components that generate, modify, and control sound. a. Amplifiers b. Computers c. Synthesizers d. Stereo sets
c. Synthesizers
The ars nova or new art differed from older music in that: a. the subjects were all secular b. there was no syncopation c. a new system of notation permitted composers to specify almost any rhythmic pattern d. the music emphasized homophonic texture
c. a new system of notation permitted composers to specify almost any rhythmic pattern
Sequence may be defined as: a. a resting place at the end of a phrase b. the emotional focal point of a melody c. a part of a melody d. the repetition of a melodic pattern at a higher or lower pitch
c. a part of a melody
Melody may be defined as: a. an emotional focal point in a tune b. a resting place at the end of the a phrase c. a series of single notes which add up to a recognizable whole d. the organization of beats into regular groupings
c. a series of single notes which add up to a recognizable whole
Music can be defined as: a. sounds produced by musical instruments b. sounds that are pleasing, as opposed to noise c. an art based on the organization of sounds in time d. as system of symbols that performers learn to read
c. an art based on the organization of sounds in time
While professional singers can command a pitch range to two octaves or more, an untrained voice is usually limited to about: a. half an octave c. an octave and a half b. one octave d. two octaves
c. an octave and a half
Unlike most Renaissance choral music, Venetian choral music of the late 16th century often: a. used both male and female voices b. was scored for four to six voices c. contained parts written exclusively for instruments d. was predominantly in triple meter
c. contained parts written exclusively for instruments
The technique of combining several melodic lines into a meaningful whole is called: a. texture b. imitation c. counterpoint d. unison
c. counterpoint
Much of the instrumental music composed during the Renaissance was intended for: a. the concert hall c. dancing b. religious worship d. the piano
c. dancing
One function of secular music in the late Middle Ages was to provide accompaniment for: a. monasteries c. dancing b. church services d. monks and nuns
c. dancing
A combination of tones that is considered unstable and tense is called a: a. consonance b. progression c. dissonance d. chord
c. dissonance
The church frowned on instruments because of their: a. association with minstrels and jongleurs b. sacred quality and background c. earlier role in pagan rites d. use in early Jewish religious ceremonies
c. earlier role in pagan rites
The pitch of a sound is decided by the __________ of its vibrations. a. amplitude b. timbre c. frequency d. dynamics
c. frequency
In traditional western music, the _______ is the smallest interval between successive tones of a scale. a. quarter step c. half step b. whole step d. octave
c. half step
The _______________ has many sets of pipes controlled from several keyboards, including a pedal keyboard. a. piano b. pipe organ c. harpsichord d. accordion
c. harpsichord
The _______________ has strings that are plucked by a set of plastic, leather, or quill wedges. a. piano b. organ c. harpsichord d. accordion
c. harpsichord
Lute songs are mostly ______________ in texture. a. monophonic c. homophonic b. polyphonic d. imitative
c. homophonic
Most of the conductor's work: a. is done during the performance b. is unnecessary, since the conductor is only a figurehead c. is done in the rehearsal d. requires little specialized training
c. is done in the rehearsal
Besides the madrigal, the ___________ was another type of secular vocal music which enjoyed the popularity during the Renaissance. a. estampie b. motet c. lute song d. galliard
c. lute song
A _______________ is an apparatus that produces ticking sounds or flashes of light at any desired musical speed. a. clock b. beat c. metronome d. stopwatch
c. metronome
The first steps toward the development of polyphony were taken sometime between 700 and 900, when: a. musicians composed new music to accompany dancing b. the French nobles began to sing hunting songs together c. monks in monastery choirs began to add a second melodic line in Gregorian chant d. All of the above
c. monks in monastery choirs began to add a second melodic line in Gregorian chant
If a flute player were to play a solo without any other accompaniment, the texture would be: a. contrapuntal b. homophonic c. monophonic d. polyphonic
c. monophonic
Giovannie Pierluigi da Palestrina's: a. career centered in Florence b. training, like Josquin's, was in Flanders c. music includes 104 masses and some 450 other sacred works d. All of the above
c. music includes 104 masses and some 450 other sacred works
A hollow, funnel-shaped piece of wood or plastic that brass players use to alter the tone of their instruments is called a: a. tailpiece b. crook c. mute d. reed
c. mute
The melody added to the Gregorian chant to form organum around 1100 was usually _____________ the original chant. a. slower than c. note against note of b. faster than d. a duplication at a lower pitch of
c. note against note of
A part of a melody is called a: a. cadence b. sequence c. phrase d. step
c. phrase
The Italian dynamic markings traditionally used to indicate very soft, soft, and very loud are respectively: a. piano, mezzo forte, forte b. mezzo piano, forte, pianissimo c. pianissimo, piano, fortissimo d. pianissimo, forte, fortissimo
c. pianissimo, piano, fortissimo
The texture of Renaissance music is chiefly: a. monophonic c. polyphonic b. homophonic d. heterophohic
c. polyphonic
When two or more melodic lines of equal interest are performed simultaneously, the texture is: a. monophonic b. homophonic c. polyphonic d. heterophonic
c. polyphonic
Digital frequency modulation synthesis refers to a technology based on: a. planning brief digital recordings of live sounds under the control of a synthesizer keyboard b. representing data in terms of measurable physical quantites c. representing physical quantities as numbers d. interfacing synthesizer equipment
c. representing physical quantities as numbers
When a dissonance moves to a consonance, it is called a: a. triad b. chord c. resolution d. broken chord
c. resolution
In musical notation, silence is indicated by: a. notes b. clefs c. rests d. beams
c. rests
The element of music defined as the ordered flow of music through time, or more specifically, the particular arrangement of note lengths in a piece of music, is: a. beat b. tempo c. rhythm d. meter
c. rhythm
A gradual slowing-down of tempo is indicated by the term: a. accelerando b. andante c. ritardando d. crescendo
c. ritardando
The quality of the music produced in a modern electronic music studio is dependent on the : a. imagination and organizing power of the human mind b. number of effects devices available c. skill of the electronics technician d. quality of the computers used
c. skill of the electronics technician
In musical notation, pitches are written on a set of five horizontal lines called a: a. clef b. bar c. staff d. stem
c. staff
MIDI is a: a. technology based on placing brief digital recordings of live sounds under the control of a synthesizer keyboard b. technology based on representing data in terms of measurable physical quantities c. standard adopted by manufactures for interfacing synthesizer equipment d. technology based on representing physical quantities as numbers
c. standard adopted by manufactures for interfacing synthesizer equipment
Various sets of pipes on a pipe organ are brought into play by pulling knobs called: a. keys b. pedals c. stops d. valves
c. stops
A round is an example of: a. homophonic texture b. monophonic texture c. strict imitation d. sloppy singing
c. strict imitation
In music, ____________ refers to a characteristic way of using melody, rhythm, tone color, dynamics, harmony, texture, and form. a. fashion b. technique c. style d. convention
c. style
The term __________ refers to the rate of speed of the beat of the music. a. meter b. syncopation c. tempo d. dynamics
c. tempo
The church modes were: a. forms of religious ritual b. only used in the music of the Catholic church c. the basic scales of western music during the Middle Ages d. chalices to hold holy relics
c. the basic scales of western music during the Middle Ages
The two types of services at which monks and nuns sang were: a. the salvation service and the holiness service b. the monastery and the covenant c. the office and the mass d. the worship service and the praise service
c. the office and the mass
Form in music is: a. a statement followed by a contrasting statement b. the technique of combining several melodic lines into a meaningful whole c. the organization of musical ideas in time d. constant repetition of a musical idea
c. the organization of musical ideas in time
Pitch is defined as: a. degrees of loudness and softness in music b. the quality that distinguishes musical sounds c. the relative highness and lowness that we hear in a sound d. leaning on a musical note
c. the relative highness and lowness that we hear in a sound
Tone color is synonymous with __________________. a. sound b. amplitude c. timbre d. dynamic accent
c. timbre
The _______________ are the only orchestral drums of definite pitch. a. snare drums b. bass drums c. timpani d. tambourines
c. timpani
Timbre is synonymous with ______________. a. sound b. vibrations c. tone color d. dynamic accent
c. tone color
The central tone around which a musical composition is organized is called the: a. scale b. dominant c. tonic d. modulation
c. tonic
The range of a singer's voice depends on: a. training c. training and physical makeup b. physical makeup d. which microphone the singer uses
c. training and physical makeup
The Council of Trent attacked the church music of the Renaissance because it: a. was tiresomely monophonic b. was based on Gregorian chant c. used secular tunes, noisy instruments, and theatrical singing d. All of the above
c. used secular tunes, noisy instruments, and theatrical singing
Gregorian chant is named after Pope Gregory I, who: a. composed all of the chants presently in use b. had his name put on the first printed edition c. was credited by medieval legend with having created it d. wrote the texts for the chants
c. was credited by medieval legend with having created it
The piano has _____ keys, spanning more than 7 octaves. a.47 b.56 c.66 d.88
d. 88
Hildegard of Bingen was: a. the first woman composer to leave a large number of works that have survived b. abbess of the convent at Rupertsberg c. a visionary and mystic active in religious and diplomatic affairs d. All of the above
d. All of the above
Leonin and Perotin were notable because they: a. are the first important composers known by name b. indicated definite time values and clearly defined meter in their music c. were the leaders of the school of Notre Dame d. All of the above
d. All of the above
Musical texture refers to: a. how many different layers of sound are heard at the same time b. what kind of layers of sound are heard (melody or harmony) c. how layers of sound are related to each other d. All of the above
d. All of the above
Repetition is a technique widely used in music because it: a. creates a sense of unity b. helps engrave a melody in the memory c. provides a feeling of balance and symmetry d. All of the above
d. All of the above
The "Notre Dame Mass" by Guillaume de Machaut was: a. written for three voices without instrumental accompaniment b. written or the Cathedral of Notre Dame in Paris c. the first polyphonic treatment of the mass ordinary by a known composer d. All of the above
d. All of the above
The Renaissance may be described as an age of: a. curiosity and individualism b. exploration and adventure c. the "rebirth" of human creativity d. All of the above
d. All of the above
The concertmaster in a modern symphony orchestra: a. checks the tuning of the orchestra before the conductor appears b. sits at the conductor's immediate left c. plays any solo violin passages that may be called for in the composition being performed d. All of the above
d. All of the above
The wandering minstrels, or jongleurs, of the Middle Ages: a. performed music and acrobatics in castles, taverns, and town squares b. lived on the lowest level of society c. played instrumental dances on harps, fiddles, and lutes d. All of the above
d. All of the above
A famous French woman troubadour was: a. Hildegard of Bingen c. Frauenlob b. Peronne d"Armentieres d. Beatriz de Dia
d. Beatriz de Dia
___________ in music adds support, depth, and richness to a melody. a. Rhythm b. Tempo c. Meter d. Harmony
d. Harmony
The leading music center in 16th century Europe was: a. Flanders b. Spain c. Germany d. Italy
d. Italy
Modulation refers to: a. the central tone of a musical composition b. the use of All keys in one octave c. the sharp or flat signs immediately following the clef sign at the beginning of the staff of a musical composition d. a shift from one key to another within the same composition
d. a shift from one key to another within the same composition
A melody is said to move by steps if it moves by: a. repeating the same notes b. having rests between the notes c. large intervals d. adjacent scale tones
d. adjacent scale tones
It is more difficult to sing than to speak because: a. singing demands a greater supply of air and control of breath b. vowel sounds are held longer in singing than in speaking c. wider ranges of pitch and volume are used in singing than in speaking d. All the above
d. all of the above
Synthesizers: a. can usually be played by means of a keyboard b. Allow the composer complete control over pitch, tone color, dynamics, and duration. c. can generate a huge variety of musical sounds and noises d. All of the above
d. all of the above
Giovanni Gabrieli: a. was the most important Venetian composer of the late Renaissance b. was an organist at St. Mark's Cathedral from 1585 until his death in 1512 c. studied music with his uncle, Andrea Gabrieli d. All of the above
d. all of the above ***
The distance in pitch between any two tones is called: a. duration b. dynamic accent c. timbre d. an interval
d. an interval
The emotional focal point of a melody is called the: a. sequence b. theme c. cadence d. climax
d. climax
A symphonic band: a. is another name for symphonic orchestra b. consists mainly of brass and percussion instruments c. uses a drum-major instead of a conductor d. consists mainly of brass, woodwind, and percussion instruments
d. consists mainly of brass, woodwind, and percussion instruments
The lowest instrument in the orchestra is the: a. piccolo b. tuba c. double bass d. contrabassoon
d. contrabassoon
The ___________ is similar in shape to the trumpet, but its tone is more mellow. a. baritone b. euphonium c. French horn d. cornet
d. cornet
Dynamics in music refers to: a. the quality that distinguishes musical sounds b. the relative highness or lowness we hear in a sound c. an exemplary performance d. degrees of loudness and softness
d. degrees of loudness or softness
A gradual decrease in loudness in known as a ___________. a. ritardando b. crescendo c. fortissimo d. diminuendo
d. diminuendo/ decrescendo
The use of organs in church: a. added in sacred quality to the mass b. made it possible for more musicians to be employed c. frustrated the nobles in their attempts to control the church d. distracted the listeners from worship
d. distracted the listeners from worship
Symphonic bands differ from symphonic orchestras in that they: a. are smaller b. have a drum major instead of a conductor c. play only marches d. do not contain a string section
d. do not contain a string section
The dominant chord is the triad built on the ________ step of the scale. a. first b. second c. fourth d. fifth
d. fifth
In the Middle Ages the organ: a. had not as yet been invented b. was considered the "king of the instruments" c. could be carried around the neck d. gradually evolved into a flexible instrument that could play intricate polyphonic music
d. gradually evolved into a flexible instrument that could play intricate polyphonic music
We know little about the music of very ancient civilizations because: a. there probably was almost none b. it was too primitive to interest later generations c. it is too difficult to be played today d. hardly any notated music has survived from these cultures
d. hardly any notated music has survived from these cultures
A tone in music is a sound that: a. is pleasing to the ear c. has an indefinite pitch b. is produced by irregular vibrations d. has a definite pitch
d. has a definite pitch
Guillaume de Machaut's compositions consist mainly of: a. music for church services b. Gregorian chants c. dance music d. love songs with instrumental accompaniment
d. love songs with instrumental accompaniment
The _____________ was the most popular instrument in the Renaissance home. a. shawm b. regals c. sackbut d. lute
d. lute
The expression of ____________, as heard in John Dowland's "Flow My Tears", was a prominent feature of English literature and music in the time ofWilliam Shakespeare. a. bliss b. patriotism c. pain d. melancholy
d. melancholy
A ______________ sign is used in musical notation to cancel a previous sharp or flat sign. a. pound b. cancellation c. dollar d. natural
d. natural
Pizzicato is an indication to the performer to: a. draw the bow across the two strings at the same time b. repeat tones by quick up-and-down strokes of the bow c. veil or muffle the tone by fitting a clamp on to the bridge d. pluck the string with the finger instead of using the bow
d. pluck the string with the finger instead of using the bow
The Renaissance motet is a: a. polyphonic choral composition made up of five sections b. piece for several solo voices set to a short poem, usually about love c. dancelike song for several solo voices d. polyphonic choral work set to a sacred Latin text other than the ordinary of the mass.
d. polyphonic choral work set to a sacred Latin text other than the ordinary of the mass.
Renaissance melodies are usually easy to sing because: a. there is a sharply defined meter b. the music is mostly homophonic c. the level of musicianship in the Renaissance was not very high d. the melody often moves along a scale with few large leaps
d. the melody often moves along a scale with few large leaps
The vibrations of brass instruments come from: a. a column of air in a metal tube b. a single reed c. a double reed d. the musician's lips
d. the musician's lips
In music, a sound that has a definite pitch is called a: a. noise b. dynamic accent c. sound d. tone
d. tone
Traditionally, a composition would almost always end on a: a. progression c. dominant chord b. dissonant chord d. tonic chord
d. tonic chord
The simplest, most basic chord used in western music is the: a. consonance b. dissonance c. dynad d. triad
d. triad
If a string player uses vibrato, it is most likely because: a. the performer is unsure of the correct pitch b. the performer is nervous c. using vibrato is easier than not using it, and no one can hear the fluctuations anyway d. using vibrato makes the tone warmer and more expressive
d. using vibrato makes the tone warmer and more expressive
Retaining some features of a musical idea while changing others is called: a. form b. contrast c. repetition d. variation
d. variation
When some features of a musical idea are changed, but others are retained, the technique is referred to as: a. form b. contrast c. repetition d. variation
d. variation
The Italian term ___________ is a tempo marking to indicate a lively pace. a. andante b. Allegro c. adagio d. vivace
d. vivace
Woodwind instruments are so named because they: a. are made of wood b. use a wooden reed c. have wooden key mechanisms d. were originally made of wood
d. were originally made of wood