Music Appreciation Exam #5

False

Alban Berg wrote only one opera, Wozzeck.

True

Debussy wrote orchestral program music.

Harlem Renaissance

Gershwin was inspired by the goals of the __________________.

False

In his music dramas Wagner created short arias that lent themselves to being separated from the larger work for performance at home.

bebop; tempos; complex

In jazz, ________ was an invented word that mimicked the two-note trademark phrase of this new style that was characterized by fast _______ and _______ harmonies

geisha

In order to marry her American love, Cio-Cio-San, in Puccini's Madame Butterfly, renounces her role as a ________________.

four-hand piano arrangements, voice and guitar arrangements, wind band melodies

In the nineteenth century, opera excerpts were marketed to domestic consumers via which?

true

Ives's work Country Band March draws on a variety of traditional American tunes.

Commodore Perry

Japan's two hundred years of isolation ended when the US Navy arrived in 1854, lead by ___________.

operatic; German; Mahler

Late Romantic ideals were carried into the post-Romantic era both through the Italian _______ tradition as witnessed in Puccini and by _________ composers Strauss and __________, both of whom were noted for their orchestral writing.

Singspiel

Light German opera featuring spoken dialogue is called what?

Bel Canto Style

Operas marked a high point of beautiful singing, characterized by florid melodic lines delivered by voices of great agility and purity of tone.

False

Programmatic forms were not used by the Impressionists.

False

Puccini found his inspiration for Madame Butterfly after visiting Tokyo and viewing a traditional play there.

the United States and Japanese

Puccini makes reference to the music of which nations in Madame Butterfly?

strains

Rags, like marches, are structured in regular, duple-meter sections known as ___________, each of which is usually repeated.

solo piano

Ragtime was originally composed for what instrumentation?

True

Revueltas's Homage is for a chamber ensemble with piano, winds, strings, and percussion.

Music Drama

Richard Wagner created these which integrated music, poetry, drama, and spectacle

False

Rigoletto is an opera based on Victor Hugo's novel The Hunchback of Notre Dame.

True

Schoenberg employed Sprechstimme, or speech-like melody, in his Pierrot lunaire.

Expressionism

Schoenberg's Pierrot lunaire is associated with the twentieth-century arts movement known as:

song cycle

Schoenberg's composition Pierrot lunaire is a(n):

False

Alban Berg's use of harmony in Wozzeck is completely atonal.

symphonic poem

Common types of Romantic program music include the concert overture, incidental music, and the __________________.

true

Copland collaborated with choreographer Martha Graham in his work Appalachian Spring.

buffa; bel canto

In nineteenth-century Italy, audiences favored both the opera seria and opera ________ styles and the use of ___________ singing.

German

In what language is Berg's Wozzeck sung?

duple

Ives's work Country Band March is in _________meter.

pentatonic

Japanese folk melodies are often built on a five-note, or _____________, scale.

true

Jazz developed from a blending of West African music with Euro-American vernacular traditions.

piano roll

Joplin recorded his own piano rags through the use of a ______________

Scott Joplin

Known as the "King of Ragtime" who was one of the first African Americans to gain widespread visibility as a composer. He is best known today for his piano rags, which reflect his preoccupation w classical forms. They combine balanced phrasing and key structures w highly syncopated melodies. They are built in clear cut sections, their patterns of repetition reminiscent of those heard in Sousa marches.

France; singers

Romantic opera developed distinct national styles in Italy, Germany, and _____________, and women ____________ excelled in all styles.

false

Stravinsky quoted the melodies of French folk songs in his ballet The Rite of Spring.

mythological faun in dream-like state

The program of Debussy's Prelude to "The Afternoon of a Faun" concerns which?

Process Music

The result of modernist musical institutions becoming dissatisfied w serial music's implicit lack of harmonic center. They then decided to develop an approach that would treat stable harmonies in an entirely new way. A composer would chose a very simple and harmonically clear musical idea - one or two chords, or a few notes forming a consonant snippet - and it repeats over and over again, gradually changing or elaborating it. The goal was to make musical unfolding transparent to the listener.

Jazz

The roots of this lie in African traditions; Western popular and art music, and AA ceremonial work songs. Primary antecedents of it were West African musical traditions brought to the US by slaves and developed (sometimes in secret) to both maintain continuity w a lost homeland and provide a creative distraction from the hard labor. It was also heavily influenced by Euro-American vernacular traditions, partly through the tradition of minstrelsy and music from the Americas. It still remains one of the most vibrant and powerful musical traditions of our day, evolving along with the multifaceted culture of the US. It's known as the "American Classical Music"

Idee Fixe

The symphony's recurrent theme that acts as a musical thread unifying the five diverse movements, though its appearances are varied in harmony, rhythm, meter, tempo, dynamics, register, and instrumental color.

A poet-rascal-clown

What type of character is Pierrot from Schoenberg's Pierrot lunaire?

South Carolina

Where is George Gershwin's Porgy and Bess set?

Aida

Which Verdi opera is set in Egypt?

It features trumpet playing & clarinet improvisations.

Which are true of Billie's Blues?

Impressionism

Which of the following is Arnold Schoenberg NOT associated with?

Giacomo Puccini, Richard Strauss, Gustav Mahler

Which of the following is a post-Romantic composer?

Summertime

Which song opens Gershwin's Porgy and Bess?

The music is arranged and composed. Duke Ellington played a major in its development.

Which of the following are characteristics of big-band jazz?

Langston Hughes, Augusta Savage, Richmond Barthe

Which of the following artists is associated with the Harlem Renaissance of the 1920s and 1930s?

disjunct melody & fast, free-flowing rhythm

Which of the following characteristics are found in Schoenberg's The Moonfleck from Pierrot lunaire?

dissonated harmony, polyphonic, syncopated rhythm

Which of the following describe Revueltas's Homage to Federico García Lorca?

flatted (lowered) sevenths, flatted (lowered) thirds, modal

Which of the following describes the harmony and melody in William Grant Still's Suite for Violin and Piano?

costumes, drama, makeup, dance

Which of the following is a characteristic of Japanese kabuki?

large orchestra, polytonality, dissonance

Which of the following is a characteristic of Stravinsky's The Rite of Spring?

It was rebuffed by the academic saloons of Paris, it was initially a term denoting scorn of the new style, and it developed parallel w the Symbolist movement in poetry

Which of the following is true of Impressionism?

Incidental

____________ music is a type of program music and a predecessor of film soundtracks.

New Orleans

_____________ is where the fusion of ragtime, blues, and other musics resulted in the development of jazz.

Expressionist

______________ painting, such as the works of Edvard Munch, influenced composers and writers.

Klangfarbenmelodie

_________________ is a technique in which each note of a melodic line is played by a different instrument.

symphonic poem

large-scale one-movement work for orchestra, also called tone poem (Debussy's Prelude to "The Afternoon of the Faun")

incidental music

music written to accompany plays (Mendelssohn's A Midsummer Night's Dream)

program overture

one-movement work for orchestra, independent of opera (Tchaikovsky's Romeo and Juliet)

Ballet

A choreographed dance in the beginning of the Renaissance that was central to lavish festivals and theatrical entertainments presented at the courts of the kings and dukes.

Ragtime

A style that developed primarily among AA performers that took up Euro-American traditions and modified them through rhythmic and melodic variation in the late 1800s. It became a vital precursor of jazz.

True

After considerable success in Dresden with Rienzi, Wagner began to choose subjects derived from Germanic epics

False

After her husband's composing career began to flourish, Giuseppina Strepponi enjoyed continued success as an opera singer into her last years.

Incidental Music

Another type of program music that usually consists of an overture and a series of pieces performed bw the acts of a play and during the important scenes. The most successful pieces of this were arranged into suites. This use of music to enhance spoken drama was influential in the development of musical accompaniment to silent film at the very end of the 1800s, and in traditional film soundtracks after the 1920s

Expressionism

Austrian composer Arnold Schoenberg was highly influential in this movement. He believed in making music new by freeing dissonance from having to resolve consonance, and eventually rejected tonality all together.

True

Berg uses Sprechstimme vocal style in his opera Wozzeck.

An expressionist play by Buchner

Berg's Wozzeck was inspired by which?

Expressionist

Berg's opera Wozzeck is considered to be a(n) ______________ work

Aaron Copland

Billy the Kid, Rodeo, and Appalachian Spring are ballets by ___________________

Duke Ellington

Born in DC and started playing piano by age 7. By 1920s, he was playing in New York jazz clubs with his group The Washingtonians. He soon reached a leading position in the jazz world w his renowned orchestra and toured America and Europe in the 30s and 40s. He was largely a self taught musician who rarely played extended solos w his group. He was rather a facilitator and accompanist who shared rhythmic and melodic ideas w the entire ensemble. He is remembered as a composer who brought the jazz arts to new heights; as an arranger who served as a teacher and model to several generations of musicians; and as a major artistic figure in the Harlem Renaissance.

Western; Paris

Debussy was influenced by the non-__________ scales and instruments he encountered at the _______ World Exhibition of 1889.

poem

Debussy's Prelude to "The Afternoon of a Faun" draws its program from a Symbolist __________.

"blue" chords, chromaticism, homophonic texture, antique cymbals

Debussy's Prelude to "The Afternoon of a Faun" features which of the following?

Russian

Debussy's Prelude to "The Afternoon of a Faun" was later choreographed by the great __________ dancer Vaslav Nijinksy.

Stravinsky - The Rite of Spring

Designed as a fully integrated modernist multimedia spectacle, w an innovative choreography by Vaslav Nijinsky

big-band

Duke Ellington is associated with which jazz style?

Absolute Music

Form is the most important organizing element in this, which has no specific pictorial or literary program

Parlor Music

Foster's Jeanie with the Light Brown Hair with a bittersweet tone, wishing for the days gone by, and draws on then popular tradition of Anglo-Irish folk song; this song, like most of Foster's, is strophic and set for solo voice and piano, thereby meeting the growing need for this music, which was appropriate for amateurs

Symphonic Poem

Franz List created this; the nineteenth centuries most original contribution to large forms. It is program music for orchestra in one movement with contrasting sections that develop a poetic idea, suggest a scene, or create a mood. It's also known as tone poem, and it gave composers the flexibility they needed for a big single movement work. It became the most common type of orchestral poem music through the second half of the century.

opera; folk

George Gershwin's Porgy and Bess falls between the genres of __________ and musical theater. Gershwin himself called it a _______ opera.

Lied

German texted solo song, generally with piano accompaniment; composers of it were generally dedicated to the latter approach, often releasing "competing" musical settings from the outpouring of poetry that marked German romanticism

False

Hector Berlioz invented the symphonic poem.

six

How many choruses does Billie's Blues have?

Four

How many music dramas make up Wagner's The Ring of the Nibelung?

True

Impressionist composers explored the whole-tone scale.

having killed his lover

In Berg's opera Wozzeck, the main character's final breakdown is the result of which?

white

In Caballito negro, Crumb instructs the soprano to sing without vibrato, with a ________ tone.

troubled clown

In Schoenberg's Pierrot lunaire, Pierrot is a(n):

folk

In The Rite of Spring some of Stravinsky's melodies quote Russian ________ songs.

Russia

In The Rite of Spring, Stravinsky evokes the rites of ancient ___________.

Rhine Maidens

In Wagner's The Ring Cycle, the treasure of gold that lies in a particular river is guarded by the three __________.

true

In Wozzeck, the title character has hallucinations and is the subject of experimentation by his superiors.

melody; German

In his career, Wagner abandoned the idea of separate arias, duets, ensembles, choruses, and ballets, instead developing an "endless _________" that was molded to the natural inflections of the _______ language.

cymbals

In the last section of Debussy's Prelude to "The Afternoon of a Faun" antique ____________ are introduced

False

In the nineteenth century Germany was noted for its long-established opera tradition.

true

Puccini's opera Madame Butterfly focuses on the heroine, a former geisha.

True

Puccini's opera Madame Butterfly is considered exotic due to its setting and plot.

false

Scott Joplin is considered the "March King."

true

Simple Gifts, which is used by Aaron Copland in his ballet Appalachian Spring, is an early American song.

rhythm

Stravinsky is largely recognized for his revitalizing of which musical element?

Harlem; ragtime

Stride piano, also known as " __________ stride piano," evolved from ___________ and features a regular four-beat pulse with left hand chords on the second and fourth beats.

aria

Summertime, from George Gershwin's Porgy and Bess, is best described as which?

A-B-A'

Tavener's A Hymn to the Mother of God is in __________ form.

Minimalism

Taverner was a prominent exposer of this branch, which was often referred to as spiritual or holy. It developed mostly at the hands of European composers and was a non pulsed music inspired by religious beliefs and expressed in deceptively simple - and seemingly endless - chains of modal or tonal progressions.

poet; symbolists

The Belgian _______ Albert Giraud was a disciple of the French ___________

symphonic poem; concert overture

The ________________ has a much freer structure than the ________________, the latter of which usually has a traditional Classical form.

triple

The aria "La donna è mobile" from Verdi's Rigoletto is in a lilting _______ meter.

False

The characteristics of post-Romanticism were not found in works from Italy.

the children's discovery of the murder

The final scene of Wozzeck revolves around which?

strophic

The form of the aria "La donna è mobile" from Verdi's Rigoletto is _____________ .

Primitivism

The ideals of which movement best describe the music of The Rite of Spring?

Spanish poet killed by the fascists

The man that Revueltas honored in Homage was a _________________.

False

The movement of verismo focused on the imaginative/fantastic.

Valkyries

The nine daughters of Wotan, in Wagner's The Ring of the Nibelung, are known as the _____________.

exoticism

The nineteenth-century trend towards evoking a culture outside the composer's in opera was known as:

verismo

The nineteenth-century trend towards realism in opera was known as:

Japan

The opera Madame Butterfly is set in:

Rossini; melodic

The operas of __________ marked the high point of the bel canto singing style, which is characterized by florid _________ lines.

false

The orchestra that Stravinsky used in The Rite of Spring was remarkably small.

Mexican mariachi ensembles

The orchestration in Revueltas's Son emulates the sound of

ternary A-B-A

The overall form of Debussy's Prelude to "The Afternoon of a Faun" is best described as which?

Virtuosity

The performance ability of the musician in question, who is capable of displaying feats of skill well above the average performer

choirs

The performing forces of Tavener's A Hymn to the Mother of God are twelve voices in two __________.

Paris

The premiere of Stravinsky's ballet The Rite of Spring took place in _______.

syllabic

The text setting of Tavener's A Hymn to the Mother of God is _____________

false

The text setting of the melody in Tavener's A Hymn to the Mother of God is highly melismatic.

True

The third movement, Son, from Homage to Federico García Lorca, is based on a traditional dance form.

false

The twenty-one poems used in Pierrot lunaire are all in virelai form.

Maple Leaf Rag

The work that is considered to be Scott Joplin's most famous was which?

Program Overture

This type of program music came out of the opera house. It is a rousing orchestral piece in one movement, served as an introduction to an opera (or a play). Some of the operatic ones became popular as separate concert pieces which in turn made this into a single-movement concert piece for orchestra that might evoke a land - or seascape , or embody a patriotic or literary idea.

leitmotifs

Wagner's large-scale music dramas are unified by ____________.

music drama

What did Wagner call his complete integration of theater and music?

harp, flute, piccolo, bells

What instruments does Puccini use to evoke the timbres of the Japanese gagaku orchestra?

rub a spot of moonlight off of his jacket

What is Pierrot attempting to do in The Moonfleck?

A medieval German epic poem

What is the basis for the story of The Ring of the Nibelung?

scenes of pagan Russia

What is the basis of Stravinsky's The Rite of Spring?

a play by Victor Hugo

What is the literary basis for Verdi's Rigoletto?

leitmotifs

What specific musical technique did Puccini borrow from Wagner in his Madame Butterfly?

Three-line strophe

Which best describes the form of a typical blues text, as heard in the first verse (chorus 2) of Billie's Blues?

a Valkyrie

Which character from Wagner's Ring Cycle is presented in this image?

shifting meters

Which characterizes the rhythm of Revueltas's Son, which is the third movement of Homage to Federico García Lorca?

bassoon

Which instrument begins with the melody in the introduction to The Rite of Spring, playing in its uppermost range?

flute

Which instrument is featured in the opening melody of Debussy's Prelude to "The Afternoon of a Faun"?

bells, flute, harp, piccolo

Which instruments did Puccini use in Madame Butterfly to evoke the Japanese gagaku orchestra?

Are: homophonic and minor key Aren't: polyphonic and major key

Which of the following are characteristics of George Gershwin's Summertime from Porgy and Bess and which are not?

spirituals, work songs, ring shouts

Which of the following were common forms of musical expression amongst African American communities in the nineteenth century?

ragtime & marches for wind band

Which of the following were popular musical styles in the United States in the late nineteenth century?

Rossini's Guillaume Tell & ll barbiere di Siviglia

Which of these operas marked the high point of the singing style known as bel canto?

Gesamtkunstwerk

Which term refers to Wagner's concept of a total artwork, encompassing all the arts?

trumpet & clarinet

Which two instruments have featured solos in Billie's Blues:

pentatonic and whole-scale

Which two scale types did Puccini use in Madame Butterfly to evoke Japanese culture?

ragtime

Which was originally an African American piano style that featured highly syncopated melodies?

Program Music

While each concerto has an independent musical logic, it is also accompanied by a poem, describing the joys of that particular season. Each line of the poem is printed above a certain passage in the score; the music at that point mirrors geographically the action described. This is the literary link.

Franz List

Whose daughter was Cosima, Wagner's wife?

Harlem Renaissance

William Grant Still was an important voice for which?

True

William Grant Still's Afro-American Symphony was the first symphony by an African American composer to be performed by a major American orchestra.

visual artists

William Grant Still's Suite for Violin and Piano draws inspiration from three black __________________ .

True

William Grant Still's Suite for Violin and Piano employs melodies and harmonies that are typical of the blues.

Mexican; European

With his Homage to Federico García Lorca, Revueltas blends the traditions of ____________-vernacular music and ____________-modernist music.

Jazz

_______ is considered to be amongst the most vibrant and original North American musics.

Ragtime; piano; syncopated

__________ was an African American _________ style characterized by _____________ rhythms and sectional forms.

Austrian; Expressionism

____________ composer Arnold Schoenberg was highly influential in the movement called _________________.

dissonance; consonance

Twentieth-century composers emancipated _________ by freeing it from the obligation to resolve to ____________.

False

Wagner employed recurring themes called idées fixes in his operas.

True

Wagner had a theater built at Bayreuth specifically for the performance of his music dramas.

Harlem Renaissance

The early 1900s economic opportunity brought many African Americans to New York, and specifically this northern part of Massachusetts. Building on a growing sense of a new black cultural identity, a book of essays known as the New Negro was published in 1952, edited by philosopher Elaine Locke, a Harvard graduate who became the first African American Rhodes Scholar. The ideas from the New Negro are credited with this occurring. This was a literary, artistic, and sociological movement that highlighted African American intellectual life in the 1920s and 30s. It was a renewal of sorts in that AAs looked to their historical and ethnic roots; centered in this predominately black area in New York City.