Music chapter 3 test

Homophony

musical texture in which the voices, or lines, all move together to new pitches at roughly the same time

Tenor

Highest male voice

Snare Drum

a small drum consisting of a metal cylinder covered with a skin or sheet of plastic that, when played with sticks, produces the "rat-ta-tat" sound familiar from marching bands

violin

a string instrument, the soprano member of the violin family

Harp

an ancient, plucked-string instrument with a triangular shape

Cello

an instrument of the violin family but more than twice the violin's size; it is played between the legs and produces a rich, lyrical tone

Saprano

highest female voice

Piano

in musical notation, a dynamic mark indicating "soft"

Stop

the knob on a pipe organ that, when pulled, allows the air to enter a specific set of pipes

symphony orchestra

the large instrumental ensemble that plays symphonies, overtures, concertos, and the like

Double Bass

the largest and lowest-pitched instrument of the string family

Alto

the lower of the two female voice parts

Bass

the lowest male vocal range

Pizzicato

the process whereby a performer plucks the strings of an instrument rather than bowing them

Form

the purposeful organization of the artist's materials; in music, the general shape of a composition as perceived by the listener

unison

two or more voices or instrumental parts singing or playing the same pitch

trombone

a brass instrument of medium to low range that is supplied with a slide, allowing a variety of pitches to sound

Tuba

a brass instrument of the bass range

trumpet

a brass instrument of the soprano range

French Horn

a brass instrument that plays in the middle range of the brass family; developed from the medieval hunting horn

mouthpiece

a detachable portion of a brass instrument into which the player blows

mezzo-soprano

a female vocal range between the alto and soprano

flute

a high-sounding member of the woodwind family; initially made of wood, but more recently, beginning in the nineteenth century, of silver or even platinum

Bass Drum

a large, low-sounding drum struck with a soft-headed stick

bassoon

a low, double-reed instrument of the woodwind family

baritone

a male voice part of a middle range, between the higher tenor and the lower bass

binary form

a musical form consisting of two units (A and B) constructed to balance and complement each other

theme and variations

a musical form in which a theme continually returns but is varied by changing the notes of the melody, the harmony, the rhythm, or some other feature of the music

strophic form

a musical form often used in setting a strophic, or stanzaic, text, such as a hymn or carol; the music is repeated anew for each successive strophe

Monophony

a musical texture involving only a single line of music with no accompaniment

Polyphony

a musical texture involving two or more simultaneously sounding lines; the lines are often independent and create counterpoint

Tremolo

a musical tremor produced on a string instrument by repeating the same pitch with quick up and down strokes of the bow

Timpani

a percussion instrument consisting usually of two, but sometimes four, large drums that can produce a specific pitch when struck with mallets

cymbals

a percussion instrument of two metal discs; they are made to crash together to create emphasis and articulation in music

Trill

a rapid alternation of two neighboring pitches

clarinet

a single-reed instrument of the woodwind family with a large range and a wide variety of timbres within it

Chorus

textual refrain that repeats

Color

the character or quality of a musical tone as determined by its harmonics (overtones) and its attack and decay

texture

the density and disposition of the musical lines that make up a musical composition