N664- Genitourinary (Quiz 4)

Which of the following are correct about polycystic kidney disease (PKD)? 1. It is an inherited disorder in which fluid cysts develop in the nephrons 2. It is an autosomal dominant disorder 3. It may lead to hypertension by stimulating the activity of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) system 4. It may be manifested by dull aching pain caused by increase kidney size 5. Antihypertensive medications are usually administered for clients with PKD A. 1,2,3,4,5 B. 1,2,3 C. 3,5 D. 1,4 E. 2,3,4,5

A. 1,2,3,4,5

The client in chronic kidney disease is taking aluminum hydroxide (Amphojel), a liquid antacid. Which information should the nurse discuss with the client? A. Drink 2-4 ounces of water after taking the medication B. Eat at least one hour prior to taking the aluminum hydroxide C. Do not drink any water for 1 hour after taking the medication D. Drink at least 500 mL of water after taking the medication

A. Drink 2-4 ounces of water after taking the medication

A female adult client admitted with a gunshot wound to the abdomen is transferred to the intensive care unit after an exploratory laparotomy. Which assessment finding suggests that the client is experiencing acute renal failure (ARF)? A. Urine output of 400 ml/24 hours B. Serum potassium level of 5.0 mEq/L C. Serum creatinine level of 1.2 mg/dl D. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level of 20 mg/dl

A. Urine output of 400 ml/24 hours

A 24-year old female client has just been diagnosed with condylomata acuminata (genital warts). What information is appropriate to tell this client? A. "The human papillomavirus (HPV), which causes condylomata acuminata, can't be transmitted during oral sex." B. "This condition puts you at a higher risk for cervical cancer; therefore, you should have a Papanicolaou (Pap) smear annually." C. "The most common treatment is metronidazole (Flagyl), which should eradicate the problem within 7 to 10 days" D. "The potential for transmission to your sexual partner will be eliminated if condoms are used every time you have sexual intercourse."

B. "This condition puts you at a higher risk for cervical cancer; therefore, you should have a Papanicolaou (Pap) smear annually."

Which is the most remarkable physiological mechanism that leads to electrolyte and acid base imbalances for a client who is experiencing an acute kidney injury (AKI)? A. Hypersecretion of renin and angiotensin II leading to hypertension B. Decreased glomerular filtration that leads to reduction of the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) C. Progressive accumulation of uremic toxins leading to acute renal failure D. Nephron loss and sclerosis of the renal arteries necessitating kidney dialysis

B. Decreased glomerular filtration that leads to reduction of the glomerular filtration rate (GFR)

A client has prerenal acute kidney injury. Which information from the history is most consistent with this disorder? A. Client had bilateral kidney stones B. Client with benign prostate hypertrophy and prostate tumor C. Client had severe hypotension secondary to hypovolemic shock D. Client had glomerulonephritis E. Client had acute tubular necrosis

C. Client had severe hypotension secondary to hypovolemic shock

A person with acute renal failure is prescribed insulin and dextrose. The nurse understands this is intended to: A. Increase bicarbonate concentration B. Treat hyperglycemia C. Reduce serum potassium concentration D. Prevent seizures due to hypoglycemia

C. Reduce serum potassium concentration

A female client is admitted for treatment of chronic renal failure (CRF). The nurse knows that this disorder increases the client's risk of: A. A decreased serum phosphate level secondary to kidney failure. B. An increased serum calcium level secondary to kidney failure C. Sodium and water retention secondary to a severe decrease in the glomerular filtration rate D. Metabolic alkalosis secondary to retention of hydrogen ions

C. Sodium and water retention secondary to a severe decrease in the glomerular filtration rate

The nurse is providing discharge instructions to a client receiving trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim). Which instruction should be included in the list? 1. Advise that sunscreen is needed since the skin becomes sensitive to the sun 2. Drink 8 to 10 glasses of water per day 3. Tell the client that Bactrim is the only antibiotic that if she takes she will not have urinary tract infections any more 4. Decrease the dosage when symptoms are improving to prevent an allergic response 5. Report sore throat, fever, and pallor to the health care provider (HCP) A. 1,2,3,4,5 B. 1,3,5 C. 1,2,3,4 D. 1,2,5 E. 1,3,4

D. 1,2,5

The nurse is assessing a male client diagnosed with gonorrhea. Which symptom most likely prompted the client to seek medical attention? A. Rashes on the palms of hands and soles of the feet B. Painful red papules on the shaft of the penis C. Cauliflower-like warts on the penis D. Foul-smelling discharge from the penis

D. Foul-smelling discharge from the penis

A client with chronic kidney disease is receiving epoetin alfa. Which laboratory result would indicate a therapeutic effect of the medication? A. Hematocrit of 23% (0.23) B. Platelet count of 400,000 mm3 (400 x 109/L) C. White blood cell count of 6000 mm3 (6.0 x 109/L) D. Hemoglobin of 13 grams per deciliter E. Blood urea nitrogen level of 15 mg/dL

D. Hemoglobin of 13 grams per deciliter

The male client with a renal stone is admitted to the medical department. The nurse administers intravenous morphine over 5 minutes. Which intervention should the nurse implement first? A. Document the time in the MAR and the client's chart B. Tell the client to urinate into the urinal at all times C. Monitor the client's temperature before administering the medication D. Instruct the client to call for help before getting out of bed E. Reevaluate the client's pain within 30 minutes

D. Instruct the client to call for help before getting out of bed

The client diagnosed with moderate benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) is being treated with the alpha-adrenergic agonist tamsulosin (Flomax). Which intervention should the nurse implement? A. Plan a scheduled voiding pattern B. Check the client's blood pressure for hypertension, which is a major side effect of Flomax C. Send a urinalysis to the laboratory D. Teach the client to stand and sit up slowly due to orthostatic hypotension E. Determine if the client has nocturia

D. Teach the client to stand and sit up slowly due to orthostatic hypotension

The client diagnosed with chronic kidney disease is prescribed erythropoietin (Epogen), a biologic response modifier. Which statement best describes the scientific rationale for administering this medication? A. This medication is used to treat thrombocytopenia B. This medication increases the production of urine C. This medication stimulates white blood cell production D. This medication stimulates red blood cell production

D. This medication stimulates red blood cell production

Which statement best describes the scientific rationale for administering Sevelamer (Renagel), to a client in chronic kidney disease (CKD)? A. It blocks the action of aluminum hydroxide B. This medication neutralizes gastric acid production C. It will help decrease episodes of constipation in the client with CKD D. The medication is administered to decrease the calcium level E. It is a phosphate binder that binds to phosphorus to help decrease hyperphosphatemia

E. It is a phosphate binder that binds to phosphorus to help decrease hyperphosphatemia